JP3243097B2 - Computer system and process management method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

This invention relates to a microkernel and
With an operating system configured
Computer system, on the microkernel
Operating processes are operating systems
Computer system that executes message communication with
Regarding the stem.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the development of distributed processing technology in recent years, research on an OS suitable for a distributed processing environment, that is, a so-called distributed OS is progressing. There are various techniques for constructing a distributed OS, and among them, a technique called a microkernel has attracted attention.

[0003] The microkernel is a small-scale OS including only the minimum functions necessary as an OS, and has only functions such as a process management function, a memory management function, and a communication function. And O based on microkernel
In S, a large number of service functions performed by a conventional OS are provided by being executed by a process operating on a microkernel.

For this reason, in a microkernel-based OS, when a new service function or the like is added,
All that is required is to add a process to perform the new function, which has the advantage of increasing the flexibility of the OS.

However, an OS based on a microkernel requires inter-process communication when providing a service function of a process operating on the microkernel, and the overhead is large. The disadvantage is that the efficiency is significantly reduced.

[0006]

As described above, an OS based on a microkernel requires inter-process communication when providing a service function of a process operating on the microkernel, and the overhead is large. Therefore, there is a problem that the processing efficiency is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional operating system.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to reduce turnaround time and improve processing efficiency when providing a service function of a process operating on a microkernel. I do.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a micro
Operating system configured as
The computer system, wherein the microcar
Processes running on the kernel
A computer that executes message communication via a system
Operating system,
The program runs the process as a subroutine.
Means to secure an area for self-assignment in the space allocated to itself
And a program that operates as a subroutine in the secured area.
Means for managing process identifiers, and
When processing message communication, the receiving process
When operating as a subroutine in the area
Calls its receiving process with a subroutine call
And the receiving process differs from the space to which it has been allocated.
When operating in an area within the space
Means for invoking a process by a trap.
Each process has its own operating system.
Operating in the area allocated in the space where the
The operating system
Operating in an area in a different space than the allocated space
Control messages and send messages to other processes.
When transmitting, the operating system itself assigns
Operating in an area reserved in the allocated space
The operating system in a subroutine
Call, call itself
Operates in an area in a space different from the space to which the
Operating system, the operating system
Means for calling in a wrap, the operation of the process
The operating system, if any, or if required.
Operates in an area in a space different from the space to which the
Operating system assigns processes to
Move to the area secured in the space allocated, or
In the space where the operating system is allocated
The process that operates in the area secured in the
In a space different from the space to which the
Means for moving to the region of (1).

[0009]

[0010]

In the computer system of the present invention,
For example, depending on the usage frequency and commands for each process,
On the microkernel,
OS that operates in an area in a different space than the OS
Is moved to the area secured in the allocated space,
Alternatively, the OS allocates a process that operates in this area
Moved to an area in a space different from the designated space. this
For example, the frequently used process is the same as the OS
It is possible to operate in the address space
To provide the services of each process
The round time can be greatly reduced.

[0011]

[0012]

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a description will be given of how a process running on the microkernel is taken into a space provided in the OS.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining how a process running on a microkernel of the embodiment is taken into a space provided in an OS. 1 are running processes. Reference numerals 12a to 12c denote spaces of the processes 11a to 11c, which include text and data, respectively.

13a to 13c are processes 11a, respectively.
To 11c, each of which has a process of OS1
4 whether the OS 14 is empty
It holds information indicating whether or not it has been moved between .
Reference numeral 14 denotes an OS of a computer system that controls the processes 11a to 11c, and reference numeral 15 denotes a space of the OS 14. Reference numeral 16 denotes a management table of the OS 14, which includes information on a process fetched during the operating. 1
7 incorporates the process into OS 14, ie,
Move the process running in space to the space of OS14,
This is a process fetch unit for reflecting the fact in the process management tables 13a to 13b and the management table 16 of the OS 14. In addition, this process capture unit
Retrieves the process captured in the OS 14 and
That is, a process that operates in the space of the OS 14 is assigned to another space.
To the process management table 13a-
13b and the management table 16 of the OS 14
You.

Reference numeral 18 denotes whether the process is loaded into the OS 14 or not.
13b and a process fetching state determining unit for determining from the management table 16 of the OS 14.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a system service unit which enables a program to be executed by a process without being changed, regardless of whether the process is loaded into the OS 14 or not.

Next, FIG. 2 shows a state where the process 11a is taken into the OS 14 from the state shown in FIG. Since the process 11a is taken into the OS 14, no space is left, and the process 11a is stored in the management table 13a.
This indicates that a has been imported into the OS. At this time,
The text and data of the process 1la are newly taken into the space 15 of the OS 14. The process 11a is registered in the management table 16.

Providing the service function of the process 11a in this state means that the processing is performed in the same address space, so that the turnaround time is reduced and the processing efficiency is improved.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure for loading a process into the OS.

First, the process fetching state judging means 18
However, the process 11a determines whether or not the process 11a is loaded into the OS 14 (step A1 in FIG. 3), and ends the process if the process 11a is already loaded (step A in FIG. 3).
1 YES).

If the data is not captured (NO in step A1 in FIG. 3), the process capturing unit 17 stores the text, data, and the like in the space 12a of the process 11a into the OS.
The space is taken into the space 15 (step A2 in FIG. 3). So
Then, the process fetch unit 17 notifies the process to that effect.
To the OS 11a and the OS 14. At this time, on the process 11a side, a flag indicating whether or not the data is taken into the OS 14 held in the management table 13a is turned on (step A3 in FIG. 3). OS1
On the fourth side, the process 11a is added to the table indicating the fetched process held in the management table 16 (step A4 in FIG. 3).

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, an operation for extracting a process taken into the OS will be described. FIG. 4 shows O
9 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure when taking out a process taken in S.

First, the process fetching status judging means 18
However, it is determined whether or not the process is loaded into the OS 14 (step B1 in FIG. 4), and if not, the process is terminated (N in step B1 in FIG. 4).
O).

If it has been captured (YES in step B1 in FIG. 3), the process capturing unit 17
The text, data, and the like of the process taken into the space 15 are extracted (step B2 in FIG. 4). Soshi
Then, the process capturing unit 17 notifies the OS 14 and the
And notifies the process 11a. At this time, the OS 14 deletes the process from the table indicating the fetched process held in the management table 16 (step B3 in FIG. 4). Also, on the process 11a side, the flag indicating whether or not the data is taken into the OS 14 stored in the management table is turned off (step B4 in FIG. 3).

Here, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, process A running on the OS sends a message to process B to request processing, and then process B sends a result to process A. An example of transmitting the result will be described. Note that this
Intervenes in message communication between process A and process B
Communication between the two processes and the OS is in the same space.
If the process exists in the OS
The management tables 13a to 13c
Alternatively, a subroutine recognized from the management table 16
Call processing or return subroutine processing
However, if both do not exist in the same space (that
Is not included in the OS)
To that effect, the management tables 13a to 13c or the management table
From the trap 16 or trap processing or return file.
This is performed by a ROM trap process. Also, this sub
Routine call processing, return subroutine processing,
Trap processing and return from trap processing
Since this is a processing method and is not the essence of the present invention,
The description is omitted.

First, a normal message transmission procedure will be described with reference to FIG. 51 and 52 are processes, and 53 is an OS. 54 is a process for sending a message from the process 51 to the process 52.
Trap processing 5 for requesting processing from 1 to OS 53
4a and a return from trap process 54b for transferring the process from the OS 53 to the process 52. Also 5
5 is a process for sending a message from the process 52 to the process 51.
Processing 55a for requesting processing to OS 5
3 and a return from trap process 55b for transferring the process to the process 51.

Next, a processing procedure when the process B is taken into the OS will be described with reference to FIG. 6, 61 is a process, 62 is a process taken into the OS, 63
Indicates an OS. Reference numeral 64 denotes a process for sending a message from the process 61 to the process 62. Actually, a trap process 64a for requesting the OS 63 to perform a process from the process 61 and a subroutine call process 64b for the OS 63 to call the process 62 Consists of

The reference numeral 65 denotes a process 62 to a process 61.
Is a process for sending a message to the OS 63. Actually, a return from subroutine process 65a for requesting a process from the process 62 to the OS 63 and a process 6 from the OS 63
Return-from-trap processing 6 for passing processing to 1
5b.

Next, referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, process A running on the OS sends a message to process B to request an action, and process B sends a message to process C to request a process. And process C becomes process B
, A message is transmitted to the process A, and the result is transmitted by the process B to the process A.

First, a normal message transmission procedure will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, reference numerals 71, 72 and 73 denote processes, and reference numeral 74 denotes an OS. 75 is process 71
From the process 71 to the OS 74, and from the trap process 75a for requesting the OS 74 to perform the process, and the return from trap process 75b for passing the process from the OS 74 to the process or 72. Become.

Reference numeral 76 denotes a process for sending a message from the process 72 to the process 73.
Trap processing 7 for requesting processing from OS 2 to OS 74
6a and a return from trap process 76b for transferring the process from the OS 74 to the process 73.

Reference numeral 77 denotes a process for sending a message from the process 73 to the process 72;
Trap processing 7 for requesting processing from OS 3 to OS 74
7a, and a return from trap process 77b for transferring the process from the OS 74 to the process 72.

Reference numeral 78 denotes a process for sending a message from the process 72 to the process 71.
Trap processing 7 for requesting processing from OS 2 to OS 74
8a and a return from trap process 78b for transferring the process from the OS 74 to the process 71.

Next, referring to FIG. 8, processes B and C are OS
A processing procedure in the case where the data is taken in will be described. 8 in FIG.
1 denotes a process, 82 and 83 denote processes taken into the OS, and 84 denotes an OS.

Reference numeral 85 denotes a process for sending a message from the process 81 to the process 82;
Trap processing 8 for requesting processing from 1 to OS 84
5a and a subroutine call process 85b for the OS 84 to call the process 82.

Reference numeral 86 denotes a subroutine process for calling the process 83 from the process 82. Reference numeral 87 denotes a subroutine call process for calling the process 82 from the process 83. Reference numeral 88 denotes a process for sending a message from the process 82 to the process 81. Actually, there is a subroutine call process 88a for calling the OS 84 from the process 82, and a return from trap process 88b for passing the process from the OS 84 to the process 81. Consists of

As described above, in the case of providing a service function requiring a plurality of inter-process communications, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to realize a reduction in turnaround time and an improvement in processing efficiency. Become.

Next, referring to FIG. 9, a system service that changes the program executed by the process is provided regardless of whether the process is loaded into a part of the OS or not. The processing will be described.

Based on the determinations in steps C1 to C3 in FIG. 9, the system service determines whether or not the transmitting side and receiving side processes are incorporated in a part of the OS. The process is divided into four patterns of steps C4 to C5 according to each condition.

Step C4 is a case where neither the transmitting side process nor the receiving side process has been captured in the OS, and the OS is called from the transmitting process by a trap, and the receiving process is called from the OS by a return from trap.

Step C5 is a case in which the transmitting process is captured in the OS and the receiving process is not captured in the OS. The OS is called from the transmitting process by a trap and received from the OS by a subroutine call. Call the side process.

Step C6 is a case where the transmitting process is not captured in the OS and the transmitting process is captured in the OS. The OS is called from the transmitting process by a subroutine call, and the return from trap is performed. Call the receiving process from the OS.

Step C7 is a case where both the transmitting side and the receiving side process are incorporated in the OS. The OS is called from the transmitting side process by a subroutine call, and the receiving side process is called from the OS by a subroutine.

Thus, the same service function can be provided in any of the above four patterns. Note that there are several methods for determining the process to be loaded into the OS.

First, a method of taking in only processes supported by a privileged command or the like can be considered. By capturing the process supported by the privileged command, even if the process is captured in the OS, it is possible to select only a process that does not include a bug or the like that leads to a system down.

Next, a method is conceivable in which only processes having a large number of communication times are selected and captured. By taking in processes with a large number of communications, it is possible to select only those processes that can effectively improve system performance.

It is also possible to consider a method in which both processes are combined to select and take in only a process having a large number of communications among processes designated by a privileged command or the like.

In this method, by taking in only the process designated by the privileged command and the process having a large number of times of communication, even if the process is taken into the OS, there is no bug or the like which may lead to the system down, and the system performance is reduced. Only processes that can be effectively improved can be selected.

[0050]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, in a microkernel-based OS, a turnaround time when providing a service function of a process running on the microkernel is reduced, and Processing efficiency can be improved.

Further, a system service is provided without changing a program executed by a process, regardless of whether a process running on a microkernel is captured in the space of the OS or not. Becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for describing how a process running on a microkernel of the present invention is taken into a space provided in an OS.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for explaining how a process running on a microkernel of the present invention is taken into a space provided in an OS.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure for loading a process of the present invention into an OS.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining a processing procedure when taking out a process taken into the OS.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the procedure of normal message transmission (two processes).

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the procedure of message transmission (two processes) when a process is loaded into the OS.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the procedure of normal message transmission (three processes).

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the procedure of message transmission (three processes) when a process is loaded into the OS.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining a process of providing a system service that does not change a program executed by a process, regardless of whether the process is loaded into a part of the OS or not.

[Explanation of symbols]

11a, 11b, 11c ... process, 12a, 12b,
12c: Process space, 13a, 13b, 13c: Process management table, 14: OS, 15: OS space, 16: OS management table, 17: Process capture unit, 18: Process capture status determination unit, 19 ... System service unit, 51, 52 ... process, 53 ... OS,
54, 55 ... message transmission, 61, 62 ... process,
63: OS, 64, 65: Message transmission, 71, 7
2, 73: process, 74: OS, 75, 76, 77,
78: message transmission, 81, 82, 83 ... process,
84 ... OS, 85, 86, 87, 88 ... Message transmission.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (56) References Transactions of Information Processing Society of Japan Vol. 34 No. 5 May 1993 994-1009 Mitsawa, et al., "High-speed communication between objects using slot virtual space" (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06F 9/06 G06F 9/44 G06F 9/46

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1)Operations configured as microkernel
On a computer system with a rating system
Process that runs on the microkernel
Messengers through the operating system
Computer system that executes page communication, The operating system comprises: Area for operating the process as a subroutine
Means for securing the area within its assigned space; A process that operates as a subroutine in the reserved area
Means for managing the identifier of the When processing message communication between the processes, receive
Side process operates as a subroutine in the reserved area.
When creating a subroutine,
Call, and the receiving process allocates itself
Operating in an area in a different space than the space
Contains a means to call the receiving process with a trap
With Each of the above processes Itself has been assigned the operating system
Is operating in an area reserved in the space, or
Space to which the operating system is allocated;
Is a hand that manages whether it is operating in an area in a different space
Steps and When sending a message to another process,
Reserved in the space where the operating system is allocated
When operating in the specified area, the operating
Calling the operating system with a subroutine call.
Space to which the operating system is allocated;
When operating in an area in a different space,
Means to call the operating system in a trap
Have, The operation according to the operation status or the request of the process.
Rating system is different from the allocated space
A process operating in an area in space
To the area reserved in the space where the
Moved or the operating system
In the area secured in the allocated space Working process
The operating system is empty
It has means for moving to an area in a space different from the space between
A computer system characterized by the above-mentioned. (2)Operations configured as microkernel
On a computer system with a rating system
Process that runs on the microkernel
Messengers through the operating system
Pipe of computer system that executes page communication
In the processing method, The operating system sub-processes the process.
Allocates an area to operate as a routine
In the space provided, The operation according to the operation status or the request of the process.
Rating system is different from the allocated space
A process operating in an area in space
To the area reserved in the space where the
Moved or the operating system
Process that operates in the area reserved in the allocated space
The operating system is empty
Moving to an area in a space different from the space between
Process management methods.