JP3220462B2 - Reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device for converting an angle of view, such as a video device, and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0002]

[Prior art]

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional super wide-angle (fisheye) lens disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 50-30457. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a left-handed object (not shown) in the figure. The optical axis 2 of the incident light is a refraction lens that refracts the incident light from the object. This ultra-wide-angle lens is a refractive optical system, and when attached to a single-lens reflex camera, can shoot a 180-degree field of view in the diagonal direction of the Leica format.

FIG. 32 shows an example of an optical system having a narrow field of view but using a reflecting mirror. 55 is a sectional view showing a reflector of the Cassegrain-type reflection telescope shown in “Sharp Corporation, p. 55”, wherein 3 is a primary mirror, 4 is a secondary mirror, 5 is incident light arriving from an object, and 6 is a primary mirror. The focal point 7 of the reflected light reflected by the mirror 3 is a focal point of the reflected light further reflected by the secondary mirror 4. In this Cassegrain type reflection telescope, an object can be observed by looking at an image formed on the image plane of the focal point 7.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Since the conventional ultra-wide-angle lens is configured as described above, a bright lens, that is, a large-diameter lens is required when used in an infrared imaging device having a low contrast. However, in order to increase the diameter of the lens of the refractive optical system as shown in FIG. 31, difficulty in manufacturing in terms of homogeneity and strength of glass, and difficulty in processing such as the need to grind both surfaces, In addition, there arises a problem such as an increase in cost due to difficulty in manufacturing and processing. In telescope optics as shown in FIG. 32, this problem is solved by using a reflecting mirror such as a primary mirror 3 and a secondary mirror 4, but in a wide-angle optical system it is not solved yet. There was a point.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion method that uses a reflecting mirror even in a wide-angle optical system to improve strength and facilitate processing. An object is to obtain an optical device.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The method for manufacturing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention includes, for example, a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface and reflecting incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light. A primary reflecting light having a convex-shaped reflecting surface that is rotationally symmetric about the same rotationally symmetric axis as that of the primary mirror and disposed on the object side with respect to the primary mirror and reflected by the primary mirror as secondary light. In a method of manufacturing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device, comprising: a sub-mirror that reflects light as reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint; , And the sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror is y =
f1 (x), y = f2 (x) the cross-sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror, the incident angle θ of the incident light arriving from the object to the primary mirror, and the incident angle φ of the secondary reflected light to the viewpoint Is the relationship θ = g (φ). (A) The primary reflected light on the sub-mirror which exactly corresponds to the incident point P1 (Mx, My) on the primary mirror of the incident light There is an incident point P2 (Sx, Sy). (B) For a point on the inner circumference of the primary mirror, the following equation ( 1) and (2)

Sx = Dsinφ Sy = Dcosφ (1)

(Equation 8) (D is the distance between the viewpoint and the incident point P2), and the shapes of the reflecting surfaces of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are given. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, the reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a reflection surface formed of a plurality of different concentric partial mirrors having a rotationally symmetric shape and reflects incident light as primary reflected light. It has a primary mirror and a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the same rotationally symmetric axis as the primary mirror. The primary mirror is arranged opposite to the primary mirror, reflects the primary reflected light as secondary reflected light, and condenses it at the viewpoint. A sub-mirror, and a supporting and moving member that slidably supports at least one of the main mirror and the sub-mirror in the rotationally symmetric axis direction and transmits incident light. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, by adjusting the interval between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in accordance with the angle of the primary reflected light respectively reflected by a plurality of concentric partial mirrors of the primary mirror by the support moving member, different wide angles are obtained. Incident light can be focused on the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

The reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention includes a plurality of primary mirrors having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and a rotationally symmetric reflection. A secondary mirror that has a surface, is selectively combined with one of the plurality of primary mirrors, faces the primary mirror, reflects primary reflected light from the primary mirror as secondary reflected light, and condenses it at a viewpoint; The secondary mirror is supported, and the multiple primary mirrors are rotatably supported around a rotation axis in an arbitrarily set direction, and one of the multiple primary mirrors is selectively combined with the secondary mirror depending on the rotational position, to thereby control the primary mirror. A supporting rotation member that makes the rotation symmetry axis coincide with the rotation symmetry axis of the sub-mirror and transmits incident light, and the angle between the rotation symmetry axis of both mirrors and the incident light when each primary mirror is combined with the sub-mirror So that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light has a different relationship. The shape of the reflection surface of the plurality of primary mirrors is formed. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. In addition, a plurality of main surfaces whose reflection surfaces are shaped so that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other on the supporting rotating member. By switching the mirrors, it becomes possible to focus incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

In addition, a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention includes a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflecting surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and a rotationally symmetric reflecting mirror. A plurality of sub-mirrors having a surface, selectively combined with the primary mirror, reflecting primary reflected light from the primary mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the secondary mirror at a viewpoint; The mirror is rotatably supported about a rotation axis in an arbitrary set direction, and one of a plurality of sub-mirrors is selectively combined with the primary mirror according to the rotational position, and the rotational symmetry axis of the sub-mirror is set to the rotational symmetry of the primary mirror. A supporting rotating member that is aligned with the axis and transmits the incident light, and when each sub-mirror is combined with the primary mirror, the angle formed by the rotationally symmetric axes of both mirrors and the incident light, the rotationally symmetric axis, and the secondary reflected light And the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of sub-mirrors so that the angle Is formed. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Also, a plurality of sub-shapes whose reflection surfaces are shaped such that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other in the supporting rotating member. By switching the mirrors, it becomes possible to focus incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

The reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention includes a plurality of primary mirrors having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and a rotationally symmetric reflection. A secondary mirror that has a surface, is selectively combined with one of the plurality of primary mirrors, reflects primary reflected light from the primary mirror as secondary reflected light, and condenses it at a viewpoint; A plurality of primary mirrors are slidably supported in an arbitrarily set direction, and one of the multiple primary mirrors is selectively combined with a secondary mirror according to a sliding position, and the rotational symmetry axis of the primary mirror is rotationally symmetric with the secondary mirror. A supporting / moving member that matches the axes and transmits the incident light, and when each of the primary mirrors is combined with the sub-mirror, the angle formed by the rotationally symmetric axes of both mirrors and the incident light, the rotationally symmetric axis, and the secondary reflected light The shapes of the reflective surfaces of the multiple primary mirrors are shaped so that the angles formed by them differ from each other. It was done. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore,
It becomes possible to condense wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. In addition, a plurality of main surfaces whose reflection surfaces are shaped so that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other in the support moving member. By switching the mirrors, it becomes possible to focus incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

The reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention includes a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and a rotationally symmetric reflection mirror. A plurality of sub-mirrors having a surface, selectively combined with the primary mirror, reflecting primary reflected light from the primary mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the secondary mirror at a viewpoint; Is slidably supported in an arbitrary set direction, and one of the plurality of sub-mirrors is selectively combined with the primary mirror according to the sliding position so that the rotational symmetry axis of the sub-mirror coincides with the rotational symmetry axis of the primary mirror. And a supporting and moving member that transmits incident light. When each of the sub-mirrors is combined with the primary mirror, the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis of both mirrors, the incident light, the rotationally symmetric axis, and the secondary reflected light. The shapes of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of sub-mirrors are formed so that the angles to be formed are different from each other. It is a thing. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, a plurality of sub-surfaces whose reflection surfaces are shaped so that the angle formed between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle formed between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light by the support moving member are different from each other. By switching the mirrors, it becomes possible to focus incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotational symmetry as the primary mirror. It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the axis,
A secondary mirror that reflects the secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at the viewpoint; and a supporting movement that supports at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror so as to be slidable in the rotationally symmetric axis direction and transmits incident light. The angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light according to the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror slid by the support moving member. Thus, the shapes of the reflecting surfaces of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are formed so as to have different relationships. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, by adjusting the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror with the support moving member, the angle of the incident light to the primary mirror, the angle of the primary reflected light to the secondary mirror, and the angle of the secondary reflected light to the viewpoint Is changed, and it becomes possible to condense incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotational symmetry as the primary mirror. It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the axis,
A secondary mirror that reflects the secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and collects the secondary reflected light at a viewpoint; and a support member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light. This is provided with a transmission section for transmitting incident light from an object. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. The transmitting portion provided on at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror transmits the incident light, and transmits the incident light transmitted through the transmitting portion together with the reflected light condensed at the viewpoint and reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. Irradiate the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotational symmetry as the primary mirror. It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the axis,
A secondary mirror that reflects the secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at the viewpoint; and a support member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light, and at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. A transmissive portion is provided, and a rotatably supported plane mirror that reflects incident light from the object through the transmissive portion toward the secondary mirror or the viewpoint is provided. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light that is incident at a wide angle on the primary mirror as primary reflected light to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is secondary reflected on the secondary mirror. Focus on the viewpoint as light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. In addition, the transmitting portion provided on at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror transmits the incident light reflected by the plane mirror, and transmits the transmitting portion together with the reflected light reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror condensed at the viewpoint. The transmitted incident light can be applied to the viewpoint, and the direction of the incident light transmitted through the transmitting section can be changed by rotating the rotatably supported plane mirror. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotational symmetry as the primary mirror. It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the axis,
A secondary mirror that reflects the secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and collects the secondary reflected light at a viewpoint; and a support member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light, and at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is provided. It is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of the rotationally symmetric axis, and is divided so that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light have different relationships. The shape of the plurality of reflecting surfaces is formed. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, the reflecting surface divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of at least one of the rotation axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror enables different kinds of wide-angle incident lights to be simultaneously focused on the viewpoint. . Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotational symmetry as the primary mirror. It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the axis,
A secondary mirror that reflects the secondary reflected light as a secondary reflected light and condenses it at the viewpoint; and a supporting rotation that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, is driven to rotate about a rotational symmetry axis, and transmits incident light from the object. A driving member, and a storage unit for storing the secondary reflected light condensed at the viewpoint thereof, wherein at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of the rotational symmetry axis and the rotation thereof is performed. The shape of the plurality of divided reflecting surfaces is formed so that the angle formed by the axis of symmetry and the incident light and the angle formed by the axis of rotational symmetry and the secondary reflected light have different relationships. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, the reflecting surface divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction of at least one of the rotation target axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is rotated by the supporting rotation driving member, and the secondary reflected light collected at the viewpoint is stored in the storage unit. By storing the incident light, it is possible to obtain the incident light over the entire area around the rotation target axis at each of the plurality of angles of view. further,
The primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal.

Further, the reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotation as the primary mirror. A secondary mirror that has a reflective surface with a convex shape that is rotationally symmetric about the axis of symmetry and that reflects primary reflected light from the primary mirror as secondary reflected light and condenses it at the viewpoint, and supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror And a support member for transmitting incident light, wherein at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is divided into a plurality of different concentric partial mirrors, and an angle between the rotational symmetry axis and the incident light and a rotational symmetry axis The shape of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of divided partial mirrors is formed so that the angles formed by the submirrors and the secondary reflected light are different from each other. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore,
It becomes possible to condense wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. In addition, at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, the reflecting surface divided into a plurality of concentric circles enables different types of wide-angle incident light to be simultaneously focused on the viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, the reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotation as the primary mirror. A secondary mirror that has a reflective surface with a convex shape that is rotationally symmetric about the axis of symmetry and that reflects primary reflected light from the primary mirror as secondary reflected light and condenses it at the viewpoint, and supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror And a supporting member that transmits incident light from the object, wherein at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is formed of a flexible material, and a driving device for deforming the flexible material mirror is provided. is there. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is formed of a flexible material, and the mirror is deformed by the driving device, so that it is possible to converge infinitely different angles of incident light to the viewpoint.

Further, the reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention has a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and the same rotational symmetry as the primary mirror. It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetric about the axis,
A secondary mirror that reflects the secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint; and a support member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from an object, and all incident light collected at the viewpoint. The shape of the support member is formed so that the transmission surface is perpendicular to the light. As a result, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror reflect the incident light incident at a wide angle as primary reflected light on the primary mirror to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is reflected on the secondary mirror by the secondary mirror. It is focused on the viewpoint as reflected light. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Refracting the incident light by shaping the supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the sub-mirror and that transmits the incident light so that the transmitting surface is perpendicular to all the incident light gathered at the viewpoint. It is possible to allow the support member to pass through without the need. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

Further, in the reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention, at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror supported by the support member, the support rotation member, the support movement member, or the support rotation drive member has a different reflection surface. It can be exchanged to the one having the shape shown in FIG. This allows the primary mirror and the secondary mirror to
The incident light that is incident at a wide angle is reflected by the primary mirror as primary reflected light to the secondary mirror, and the primary reflected light is focused on the viewpoint as secondary reflected light by the secondary mirror. Therefore, it becomes possible to condense the wide-angle incident light to the viewpoint. Further, by making at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror freely replaceable with one having a different reflection surface shape, it is possible to converge infinitely different angles of incident light to a viewpoint. Further, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as a metal.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 8 denotes a primary mirror having a reflection surface rotationally symmetric about a rotational symmetry axis 9; Reference numeral 10 denotes a sub-mirror which has a reflection surface which is rotationally symmetric about the same rotationally symmetric axis 9 as the main mirror 8 and which is arranged on the symmetrical object (not shown) side of the main mirror 8. Reference numeral 11 denotes a transparent cover as a support member that supports the primary mirror 8 and the secondary mirror 10 and transmits incident light 12 from an object, 13 denotes primary reflected light reflected by the primary mirror 8, and 14 denotes a secondary mirror 10 Reference numeral 15 denotes a lens fixed to the primary mirror 8 about the rotational symmetry axis 9, and 16 denotes a CCD camera to which the lens 15 is attached.

Next, the operation will be described. The incident light 12 arriving from the object existing at a wide angle is reflected by the primary mirror 8 as primary reflected light 13 to the secondary mirror 10, and the primary reflected light 13 is reflected by the secondary mirror 10.
As a result, the light is converged on the lens 15 as the secondary reflected light 14. At this time, the image condensed by the secondary mirror 10 is
An image can be obtained by taking an image with the camera 16. The shapes of the primary mirror 8 and the secondary mirror 10 can be designed as follows. Since the primary mirror 8 and the secondary mirror 10 are rotationally symmetric, their shapes are determined by determining their cross-sectional shapes. Figure 2 is a secondary mirror
It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating 10 design methods, In the figure, 17 is a viewpoint, the origin of the coordinate of this viewpoint 17 is set to 0, a horizontal axis is set to an x-axis, and a vertical axis is set to a y-axis. This viewpoint 17 is the position of the lens 15. Further, S ₁ is a point on the inner circumference of the secondary mirror 10, S ₂
The points on the periphery of the secondary mirror 10, M ₁ is a point on the inner periphery of the primary mirror 8. Figure 3 is an explanatory view for explaining a design method of the primary mirror 8, in the figure, the point of the reflecting surface of the P ₁ is the primary mirror 8, P ₂ is the secondary mirror
10 is the point of the reflection surface, θ is the angle of incidence of the incident light 12 on the device, φ
Is the angle of incidence of the secondary reflected light 14 on the lens 15. Here, the primary mirror 8 is designed by giving the following conditions. "Condition 1" is the sectional shape of the reflection surface of the secondary mirror 10. "Condition 2" position of the M ₁ point on the inner periphery of the primary mirror 8. "Condition 3": Angle of incidence θ of incident light 12 and viewpoint of secondary reflected light 14
Relationship of incident angle φ to 17 Here, "condition 1" sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror 10 of not set arbitrarily, "condition 2" and the secondary mirror 10 the outer periphery on the primary reflection beam 13 incident on the S ₂ points of Set from the slope. The primary reflected light 13 is light reflected at a point on the outer periphery of the main mirror 8, and a point on the outer periphery of the main mirror 8 exists on this optical path. 2, the reflective surface point S ₁ at point M ₁ caracal 1 of the secondary mirror 10
The second reflected light 13 has such an inclination that it is reflected toward the viewpoint 17, and the point S ₂ has an inclination such that the primary reflected light 13 having the set inclination is reflected toward the viewpoint 17. The shape, position, and size of the reflection surface of the secondary mirror 10 satisfying the above conditions are set. Here, the sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror 10 satisfying the above condition is represented by y =
Expressed as f ₂ (x). The primary mirror 8 is designed according to the above conditions. In FIG.
The cross-sectional shape of the primary mirror reflecting surface is represented as y = f ₁ (x). First, consider a point _{P 1 (M x, M y} ) on the reflective surface of the primary mirror 8 for reflecting the. The vector of the incident light 12 of unit length is the A vector,
The vector of primary reflected light 13 is B vector, the normal vector is
When N ₁ vector, the components can be expressed by the following equation.

[0023]

A = (− sin θ, −cos θ) B = (S _x −M _x , S _y −M _y ) N ₁ = (− f ₁ ′ (M _x , 1)... (1)

Here, f ₁ ′ (M _x ) is a first-order derivative of f ₁ (x) at x = M _x . According to the law of reflection, these vectors have the following relationship:

[0025]

(Equation 10)

That is,

[0027]

[Equation 11]

Next, reflection at a point P ₂ (S _x , S _y ) on the reflection surface of the sub mirror 10 will be considered. Assuming that the vector of the secondary reflected light 14 is a C vector and the normal vector is an N ₂ vector, these components are represented by the following equations.

[0029]

C = (− S _x , −S _y ) N ₂ = (f ₂ ′ (S _x ), − 1) (4)

Here, f ₂ ′ (S _x ) is the first-order derivative of f ₂ (x) at x = S _x . According to the law of reflection, these vectors have the following relationship:

[0031]

(Equation 13)

That is,

[0033]

[Equation 14]

In addition, the following equation is satisfied when P ₂ is on the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror 10.

[0035]

S _y = f ₂ (S _x ) (7)

Here, assuming that the distance between 0 and P ₂ is D,

[0037]

S _x = D sin φ S _y = D cos φ (8)

Substituting this into Equations (3), (6), and (7) gives

[0039]

[Equation 17]

[0040]

(Equation 18)

[0041]

Dcosφ = f ₂ (Dsinφ) (11)

Is obtained. Here, the relationship between φ and θ is generally expressed by the following equation.

[0043]

[Equation 20] θ = g (φ) (12)

From Expressions (10) and (11), φ is obtained from the coordinates of P 1 on the reflection surface of the primary mirror 8, and then θ corresponding to φ is obtained from Expression (12). By numerical integration from the point M ₁ by substituting these values into equation (9), the coordinates of the reflective surface, i.e., the shape of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 8 is determined. Equation (12) is converted to θ = 0 degree with respect to φ = φ _min degree → φ _max degree →
By designing with a corresponding function of 90 degrees, the angle of view 180
Degree (fish eye) is obtained. Similarly, for example, by setting a function corresponding to θ = 0 degrees → 120 degrees with respect to φ = _φmin degrees → _φmax degrees, it is possible to design a wider angle of view.

Next, a description will be given of a method of calculating the aberration of the reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus, that is, a method of obtaining the position of a line image generated by each curve in the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the mirror surface. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the curvature of the mirror surface in the radial direction and the curvature in the circumferential direction.
In the figure, reference numeral 18 denotes a light reflection point normal to a mirror surface, reference numeral 19 denotes a plane including the rotationally symmetric axis 9 and the incident light beam 12, reference numeral 20 denotes a plane which includes the normal line 18 and is perpendicular to the plane 19, and reference numeral 21 denotes a plane which is a mirror surface. Intersecting curves, 22
Is the curve where plane 20 intersects the mirror surface. Here, the curvature of the curve 21 is the curvature of the mirror surface in the radial direction, and the curvature of the curve 22 is the curvature of the mirror surface in the circumferential direction. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the line image shown in "Telescope Optics and Reflection for Astronomical Amateurs / Shotaro Yoshida, (1988), Seibundo Shinkosha, p.104" In the figure, 23 is a linear image, that is, a line image. In the case of this apparatus, the radius of curvature of the mirror surface in the radial and circumferential directions is different, and the image distance (the distance between the mirror surface and the image) in the plane 19 and the plane 20 are different.
Are different from each other, two line images 23 are generated as shown in FIG. By calculating the positions of these two line images, the astigmatism and the curvature of the image plane can be evaluated.

First, a method of calculating the curvature of the surface of the rotating body will be described. The surface of the rotating body as shown in FIG.

[0047]

(Equation 21)

The curvature at the point P = (x _p , 0, z _p ) on this surface is determined. For this purpose, the coordinate system (x, y, z) is rotated, and the tangent plane at the point P is changed to a new coordinate system (x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ ).
If it is made to be parallel to the (x ₁ , x ₂ ) plane at the point P, the value obtained by second-order differentiation of x ₃ of the equation of the rotating body surface by x ₁ at the point P is the curvature in the radial direction and x ₂ The fact that the second-order differentiated value becomes the curvature in the circumferential direction is used. The radius of curvature is the reciprocal of the curvature. Assuming that the inclination of the tangent plane at the point P is Ψ, the following relationship is obtained.

[0049]

(Equation 22)

[0050]

(Equation 23)

[0051]

TanΨ = f ′ (X _p ) (16)

The (x, y) plane is parallel to the tangent plane at the point P (x ₁ , x ₂ )
To convert to a plane, the x, y, and z axes may be rotated about the y axis by Ψ as shown in FIG. That is,

[0053]

(Equation 25)

By substituting this into equation (13) and x ₃ is second-order differentiated with x ₁ ,

[0055]

(Equation 26)

The following is obtained. At the point P, x = x _p , y = 0 and the equation (17)
By

[0057]

[Equation 27]

[0058]

[0059]

[Equation 28]

Is as follows. Substituting Equations (14) and (16) into Equation (20) gives

[0061]

(Equation 29)

Is obtained. This is the radius of curvature. The radius of curvature r _{r in the} radial direction is the reciprocal of this

[0063]

[Equation 30]

The following is obtained. Similarly, substituting equation (17) into equation (13) and second-order differentiating x ₃ with x ₁ gives

[0065]

(Equation 31)

[0086] By the equation (17),

[0067]

(Equation 32)

[0068]

[Equation 33]

Therefore, by using equation (14) as before,

[0070]

(Equation 34)

Is obtained. This is the circumferential curvature. Circumferential radius of curvature
r _c is the reciprocal of this

[0072]

(Equation 35)

Is obtained. Next, a method for calculating the image distance will be described. FIG. 8 (A), (B)
FIG. 8A is an explanatory diagram for explaining an image distance, and FIG.
8 shows the case where the mirror surface is concave, and FIG. 8B shows the case where the mirror surface is convex. In the figure, T is the position of the object to be viewed, Q is the reflection point, F is the position of the connected image, q is the image distance from the reflection point Q to the image position F, and l is the reflection point Q from the object T. Is the distance to Here the curved surface of the mirror (here the curve)

[0074]

[Expression 36] Qy = f (Qx) (28)

And the first and second derivatives in Qx are

[0076]

Α = f ′ (Qx) (29)

[0077]

[Expression 38] β = f ″ (Qx) (30)

Are represented by At this time, the tangential vector, normal vector, curvature, and radius of curvature are respectively

[0079]

[Equation 39]

[0080]

(Equation 40)

[0081]

[Equation 41]

[0082]

(Equation 42)

The following is obtained. Assuming that the slope of the reflected light is k, the equation of the reflected light is

[0084]

[Expression 43] y−Q _y = k (x−Q _x ) y−Q _y = k (x−Q _x ) (35)

The following is obtained. The image F = (F _x , F _y ) to be connected is on this straight line

[0086]

F _y + Q _y = k (F _x −Q _x ) F _y + Q _y = k (F _x −Q _x ) (36)

Is satisfied. Further, the position of the formed image F does not change even if the incident light is slightly moved. Therefore, equation (36) can be differentiated from Q _x by

[0088]

[Equation 45]

That is,

[0090]

[Equation 46]

By substituting this into equation (33),

[0092]

[Equation 47]

Therefore, if the reflection point is set to Q− (Q _x , Q _y ), the image distance q
Is obtained by the following equation.

[0094]

[Equation 48]

The vector in the reflected light direction can be obtained by rotating the vector (−α, 1) in the normal direction by γ. That is,

[0096]

[Equation 49]

From this, the slope k is obtained and

[0098]

[Equation 50]

Also,

[0100]

(Equation 51)

[0101]

(Equation 52)

Is obtained. To differentiate k in equation (42) by Q _x , α and γ
Must be viewed as a function of Q _x . First, from the definition of α

[0103]

(Equation 53)

The following is obtained. Next, a vector from the reflection point Q to the object T is set as an L vector in order to obtain an expression for γ.

[0105]

L = (L _x , L _y ) = T−Q (46)

Then, the projection of the L vector in the tangential direction is

[0107]

[Equation 55]

[0108]

[Equation 56]

Is obtained. Substituting equations (47) and (48) into equation (42)

[0110]

[Equation 57]

Is obtained. The derivative of L _x , _Ly by Q _{x is given} by the definition of equation (46).

[0112]

[Equation 58]

[0113]

[Equation 59]

Is obtained. Differentiating equation (49) with Q _x using equations (50) and (51)

[0115]

[Equation 60]

Further, when Expressions (43), (44), and (52) are substituted into Expression (40),

[0117]

[Equation 61]

Is obtained. This is the image distance q from the ray reflection point Q to the image position F. In the case of a convex mirror, the image is behind the mirror surface when q> 0, and in the case of a convex mirror, the image is near the mirror surface when q <0. However, for a convex mirror, r, κ> 0, and for a concave mirror, r, κ <
0, r, κ = 0 for a plane mirror.

Finally, a method of calculating the position of the line image 23 generated by the curvature in the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the mirror surface using the above-described method of calculating the curvature of the rotating body surface and the method of calculating the image distance will be described. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the position of the line image 23 generated by the curvature of the mirror surface in the radial direction. In the figure, 23a is a line image generated by the curvature of the main mirror 8, and 23b is generated by the curvature of the sub mirror 10. Line image, Q _m
Reflection point of the primary mirror is, Q _s is the reflection point of the secondary mirror, q _rm the image distance to the line image 23a from the reflection point Q _m, q _rs is the distance to the line image 23b from the reflection point Q _s, γ _m is The incident angle of the incident light 12 on the primary mirror 8 in the radial direction, γ _s is the secondary mirror of the primary reflected light 13 in the radial direction.
Incident angle to 10, the distance from the position T of the object to be see the E to the reflection point Q _m, H is the distance to the reflection point Q _s from the reflection point Q _m. First, a line image generated by the radial curvature of the mirror surface
Find the position of 23. Radius of curvature of the mirror surface of primary mirror 8 in the radial direction
r _rm is from equation (22)

[0120]

(Equation 62)

Therefore, the image distance q _rm is calculated from the equation (53).

[0122]

[Equation 63]

Is obtained. Next, the light ray incident on the secondary mirror 10 has a distance (H +
q _rm ) can be considered to be emitted from a light source that is only a distance away. Therefore, the radius of curvature r _rs of the secondary mirror 10 in the radial direction is obtained from the equation (22).

[0124]

[Equation 64]

Therefore, the image distance q _rs is given by the following equation (53).

[0126]

[Equation 65]

Is obtained. Similarly, the position of the line image 23 generated by the curvature of the mirror surface in the circumferential direction is obtained. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a calculation method of the position of the line image 23 generated by the curvature of the mirror surface in the circumferential direction. In the figure, 23c is a line image generated by the curvature of the primary mirror 8, and 23d is a line image of the secondary mirror 10. line image caused by the curvature, q _cm is the image distance to the line image 23c from the reflection point Q _m, q _cs is the distance to line image 23d from the reflection point Q _s. The ray does not reflect in the direction of the line of sight, which must be incident perpendicular to the circumferential direction, so that the angle of incidence on the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is 0 degree. Circumferential radius of curvature of the mirror surface of primary mirror 8
r _cm is from equation (27)

[0128]

[Equation 66]

Therefore, the image distance q _cm is obtained from the equation (53).

[0130]

[Equation 67]

Is obtained. Next, the light ray incident on the secondary mirror 10 has a distance (H +
q _cm ). Therefore, the radius of curvature r _cs of the secondary mirror 10 in the circumferential direction is given by the equation (27).

[0132]

[Equation 68]

Therefore, the image distance q _cs is obtained from the equation (53).

[0134]

[Equation 69]

Is as follows.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Is the field of view of the lens 15. In the first embodiment,
Equation (12) is converted into θ = −10 degrees with respect to φ = φ _min degree → φ _max degree →
By designing with a function corresponding to 90 degrees, the back side of the secondary mirror 10 can be taken into view.

Third Embodiment FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, equation (12) is designed as a function corresponding to θ = 70 degrees → 110 degrees with respect to φ = φ _min degrees → φ _max degrees, and the apparatus is installed facing upward. Thus, the entire perimeter of the front, rear, left and right (all side directions) can be taken into view.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a design method of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the projection method is set to the equidistant projection by replacing the equation (12) in the first embodiment with the following equation.

[0139]

[Equation 70]

As described above, an image of equidistant projection, which is an image equidistant with respect to the angle θ of the incident light 12, can be obtained. Therefore, if it is used for observing the position of a star in astronomical observation, accurate observation can be performed. It is effective.

Fifth Embodiment In the first embodiment, Expression (12) is set as in the following expression, whereby the projection method is changed to an equal solid angle projection.

[0142]

[Equation 71]

As described above, an image of an equal solid angle projection, which is an image appearing in an area proportional to the solid angle of the incident light 12, is obtained.
If used for observing the luminosity of stars in astronomical observations, accurate observations can be made, and furthermore, observations can be made based on area ratios such as cloudiness.

Embodiment 6 In Embodiment 1, the projection method can be changed to orthographic projection by replacing Expression (12) with the following expression.

[0145]

[Equation 72]

Seventh Embodiment In the first embodiment, by setting equation (12) as the following equation, it is possible to change the projection method to stereoscopic projection.

[0147]

[Equation 73]

Eighth Embodiment FIG. 14 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 8a denotes a primary mirror, which is constituted by partial mirrors 8aa and 8ab having rotationally symmetric shapes and concentrically arranged and having different angles of view. The primary mirror 8a is slidably supported in the direction of the rotationally symmetric axis 9 by a support moving member (not shown) that transmits the incident light, and can be fixed at the position A or B shown in the drawing. I have. 24a indicates the field of view due to the reflection of the partial mirror 8aa when the main mirror 8a is at the position A, and 24b indicates the field of view due to the reflection of the partial mirror 8ab when the main mirror 8a is at the position B. Therefore, the CCD camera 16 can capture an image formed by the reflection of the partial mirror 8aa when the primary mirror 8a is at the position A through the lens 15, and when the primary mirror 8a is at the position B when the primary mirror 8a is at the position A. An image formed by the reflection of the partial mirror 8ab can be captured, and images can be obtained at two different angles of view. The primary mirror 8a may be composed of three or more partial mirrors, and in such a case, the type of angle of view corresponding to the number of partial mirrors can be obtained.

Ninth Embodiment FIGS. 15A, 15B and 15C are partial sectional views showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 10a and 10b are secondary mirrors each having a reflection surface having a rotationally symmetric shape, and these secondary mirrors 10a and 10b are
The support rotation member 11a that transmits incident light from the symmetrical object is rotatably supported about a rotation axis (not shown) perpendicular to the rotation symmetry axis 9 of the primary mirror 8, thereby supporting the support rotation member 11a. By rotation, one of the two secondary mirrors 10a, 10b can be selectively combined with the primary mirror 8 so that the rotationally symmetric axis of the secondary mirror 10a or 10b can coincide with the rotationally symmetric axis 9 of the primary mirror 8. It has become. The secondary mirrors 10a and 10b have different reflecting surface shapes. In addition, CCD
The camera 16 is equipped with a telephoto lens 15a. This device uses the secondary mirror 10a in the state of FIG.
In the state of FIG. 15B, by rotating the support rotating member 11a, an enlarged image can be seen only by the telephoto lens 15a that does not pass through the primary mirror 8 and the secondary mirror 10. By rotating the supporting rotation member 11a, the secondary mirror 10b is rotated.
Field of view (field of view different from using secondary mirror 10a) 24
You can see it in That is, three types of angles of view can be selected by operating the support rotation member 11a. The number of sub-mirrors may be three or more to obtain four or more kinds of angles of view. It is needless to say that the same effect can be obtained even if a plurality of primary mirrors are attached to the supporting rotating member instead of providing a plurality of secondary mirrors.

Tenth Embodiment FIGS. 16A and 16B are partial cross-sectional views showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numerals 8b and 8c denote primary mirrors each having a rotationally symmetric reflecting surface, and these primary mirrors 8b and 8c are slidable in a direction perpendicular to the rotationally symmetric axis 9 by a support moving member 11b. Supported, one of the primary mirrors 8b, 8c can be selectively positioned at a position facing the secondary mirror 10, so that the rotationally symmetric axis of the primary mirror 8b or 8c can coincide with the rotationally symmetric axis 9 of the secondary mirror. ing. Also,
These primary mirrors 8b and 8c have different reflecting surface shapes. This device can be viewed in a wide field of view 24 using the primary mirror 8b in the state of FIG.
In the state shown in FIG. 16B in which the primary mirror is switched by sliding, the field of view using the primary mirror 8c (a field of view different from that using the primary mirror 8b)
Can be seen at 24. That is, two types of angles of view can be selected. In addition, if the number of primary mirrors is three or more, three
An angle of view of more than one type can be obtained. Also,
It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by mounting a plurality of sub-mirrors to the support moving member instead of providing a plurality of primary mirrors.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 17 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 8d denotes a primary mirror, and the primary mirror 8d is slidably supported in the direction of the rotationally symmetric axis 9 by a support moving member (not shown).
The reflecting surface of the primary mirror 8d is formed such that the incident light 12 and the secondary reflected light 14 have a different relationship according to the distance between the slid primary mirror 8d and the secondary mirror 10. Therefore, primary mirror 8d
Can be fixed at any position between A and B,
In the CCD camera 16, the field of view 24 can be continuously changed by moving the primary mirror 8d.

Twelfth Embodiment FIG. 18 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10c denotes a secondary mirror, and the secondary mirror 10c is a transmitting portion 2 that transmits the incident light 12.
Has 5 15a is a telephoto lens. FIG. 19 is an image obtained by the apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 26 denotes an image formed by the secondary reflected light 14 reflected by the secondary mirror 10c, and reference numeral 27 denotes an incident light directly transmitted through the transmission portion 25 of the secondary mirror 10c. Light 12
Image. In this way, if the telephoto lens 15a is attached to the CCD camera 16, a wide-angle image and a direct image can be viewed simultaneously.

Embodiment 13 FIGS. 20A and 20B are partial cross-sectional views showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 28 denotes a plane mirror provided above the sub mirror 10c. As in the twelfth embodiment, a transmission part 25 for transmitting the incident light 12 is provided in the secondary mirror 10c, and a telephoto lens 15a is provided in the CCD camera 16.
And two flat mirrors 28 are attached to the transmission part 2 of the secondary mirror 10c.
When combined with the upper part of FIG. 5, in the state of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 9, a wide-angle image through the primary mirror 8 and the secondary mirror 10c and a direct image without both mirrors can be simultaneously viewed.
Also, as shown in FIG. 20B, by appropriately changing the position and angle of the plane mirror 28, the direction of the central visual field 24 can be freely changed. That is, while viewing a wide-angle image, only the desired portion can be simultaneously enlarged and viewed. The number and arrangement of the plane mirrors are not particularly limited.

Fourteenth Embodiment FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8e, 8f
Is a main mirror divided into two in the circumferential direction of the rotationally symmetric axis 9 (not shown). The main mirrors 8e and 8f have different relations between the angle of the incident light 12 and the angle of the secondary reflected light 14 respectively. So that
The shape of each reflecting surface is formed. FIG. 22 is an image obtained from the apparatus according to the present embodiment.
Is an image obtained by the primary mirror 8e, and 30 is an image obtained by the primary mirror 8f. Due to the shapes of the reflecting surfaces of the primary mirrors 8c and 8f, a symmetric object of the visual field 24 around the rotational symmetry axis 9 can be viewed at two different angles of view. Further, the primary mirrors 8e and 8f are rotated by a supporting rotation driving member (not shown), and the images before and after the primary mirrors 8e and 8f are rotated 180 degrees around the rotational symmetry axis 9 are stored in a storage unit or the like. In advance, by combining these images later, an image of the entire circumference around the rotationally symmetric axis 9 at each angle of view can be created. In the present embodiment, the primary mirror 8 is divided into two parts, but by dividing the primary mirror into three or more parts, the primary mirror 8 can be viewed at three or more types of angles of view. Further, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even if the sub mirror 10 is similarly divided in the circumferential direction instead of the primary mirror.

Embodiment 15 FIG. 23 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8g is a primary mirror, and this primary mirror 8g is two concentric partial mirrors.
Each of the divided reflection surfaces is shaped so that the angle of the incident light 12 and the angle of the secondary reflected light 14 are different from each other. FIG. 24 is an image obtained from the apparatus according to the present embodiment.
Is an image obtained by the partial mirror 8ga, and 32 is an image obtained by the partial mirror 8gb. Due to the shape of the reflecting surfaces of these partial mirrors 8ga and 8gb, it is possible to simultaneously see two types of objects in the field of view 24 around the rotational symmetry axis 9. In the present embodiment, the primary mirror 8g is divided into two parts. However, by dividing the primary mirror 8g into three or more parts, the primary mirror 8g can be viewed at three or more angles of view.
It goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained by dividing the secondary mirror 10 in place of.

Embodiment 16 FIG. 25 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8h is a primary mirror, and this primary mirror 8h is formed of a flexible material.
Reference numeral 33 denotes an actuator (driving device), and the primary mirror 8h
It is attached to the back side of the reflective surface. Therefore, by driving the actuator 33, the reflecting surface of the primary mirror 8h is deformed, and the relationship between the incident light 12 and the secondary reflected light 14 is changed, so that an infinite number of angles of view can be obtained. Not only the primary mirror,
The secondary mirror may be formed of a flexible material and may be formed into an arbitrary shape by an actuator.

Seventeenth Embodiment FIG. 26 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a transparent cover as a support member, and this transparent cover 11 is a transparent cover for all incident light 12 collected at a viewpoint 17.
It is shaped so that the tangent plane at the transmission point 11 is vertical. Therefore, since the incident light 12 does not refract when transmitting through the transparent cover 11, the incident angle of the incident light does not change.

Eighteenth Embodiment FIG. 27 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 8i denotes a primary mirror, and the reflection surface of the primary mirror 8i has a concave shape. Therefore, in the obtained image, the positions of the object in the front direction and the object in the side direction of the apparatus are reversed. That is, as shown in FIG. 28, an object having an incident angle θ of 80 degrees appears in the center of the image, and an object having an incident angle θ of 10 degrees appears in the periphery of the image. It goes without saying that a concave-shaped primary mirror or secondary mirror may be used as an embodiment of the invention described above.

Nineteenth Embodiment FIGS. 29A and 29B are partial sectional views showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 8j and 8k are primary mirrors, and the primary mirrors 8j and 8k are made of a thin material having a mirror-like surface. Reference numeral 34 denotes a primary mirror attraction plate, and the primary mirror attraction plate 34 and the primary mirrors 8j and 8k are joined at an outer peripheral portion and an inner peripheral portion. 35 is a pump as a driving device,
Reference numeral 36 denotes a pipe connecting the primary mirror suction plate 34 and the pump 35. In the state of FIG. 29 (A), air is sent from the pump 35 to the primary mirror suction plate 34, and the primary mirror 8j expands, so that the reflection surface of the primary mirror 8j has a convex shape. The object in the direction is shown in the center of the screen, and the object in the side direction is shown in the periphery of the screen. In the state shown in FIG. 29B, the primary mirror 8k is driven by the pump 35.
Is drawn to the primary mirror attraction plate 34, so that the reflection surface of the primary mirror 8k has a convex shape.
As in the case of 18, an object in the front direction of the apparatus is captured in the periphery of the screen, and an object in the side direction is captured in the center of the screen. That is, two types of projection methods can be switched.

Twentieth Embodiment In the twentieth embodiment, the primary member and the secondary mirror supported by the supporting member, the supporting rotating member, the supporting moving member or the supporting rotating drive member of the first to nineteenth embodiments are detachable. Alternatively, it may be replaced by sliding, and in this case, an infinite number of angles of view can be obtained.

Twenty-First Embodiment FIG. 30 is a partial sectional view showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 15b is a lens for visible light, 15c is a lens for infrared light, 16a is for visible light
The CCD camera 16b is an infrared CCD camera. This device can be used not only for visible light but also for infrared light and other electromagnetic waves. By changing the optical path of the secondary reflected light 14 by rotating a rotatably supported plane mirror 28, it can be used for visible light. It is possible to switch between the CCD camera 16a and the infrared CCD camera 16b. The above-described structure using the CCD camera 16a for visible light, the CCD camera 16b for infrared light, and the like may be incorporated in each embodiment.

Embodiment 22 The apparatus of the present invention corresponds to the CCD camera 1 of each of the above embodiments.
By placing a light source or the like at the position 6, it can also be used as a floodlight.

[0163]

【The invention's effect】

As described above, according to the present invention, a primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and a rotationally symmetrical axis about the same rotationally symmetric axis as the primary mirror. A sub-mirror having a reflecting surface having a shape and reflecting the primary reflected light as a secondary reflected light facing the main mirror and condensing it at a viewpoint; and supporting the main mirror and the sub-mirror and transmitting incident light. Since it is configured to include the support member, wide-angle incident light can be collected at the viewpoint, and an arbitrary angle of view can be obtained according to design conditions. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror which has a rotationally symmetric shape and has a reflecting surface composed of a plurality of different partial mirrors and reflects incident light as primary reflected light, and the same primary mirror as the primary mirror A sub-mirror that has a reflecting surface rotationally symmetrical about the axis of rotational symmetry, is disposed opposite to the main mirror, reflects the primary reflected light as secondary reflected light, and condenses it at a viewpoint; And a supporting moving member that slidably supports at least one of them in the direction of the rotationally symmetric axis and transmits incident light from the object. By adjusting the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror according to the angle of the primary reflected light reflected by each mirror, it is possible to collect incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint, and to obtain an arbitrary angle of view Can be obtained. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of primary mirrors for reflecting incident light as primary reflected light, and selectively combining with one of them for reflecting primary reflected light as secondary reflected light to a viewpoint. A sub-mirror for condensing, and a supporting rotary member that supports the sub-mirror and rotatably supports a plurality of primary mirrors around a rotation axis in an arbitrarily set direction and transmits incident light; The reflecting surfaces of a plurality of primary mirrors are shaped such that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis of the secondary mirror and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light have different relationships. Therefore, by switching the plurality of primary mirrors with the support rotation member, it is possible to converge incident light of different wide angles to the viewpoint, and obtain an arbitrary angle of view. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the primary mirror for reflecting the incident light as the primary reflected light, and the primary mirror selectively combined with the primary mirror.
A plurality of sub-mirrors for reflecting the secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condensing the same at a viewpoint; and supporting the primary mirror and supporting the plurality of sub-mirrors rotatably about a rotation axis in an arbitrarily set direction; A supporting rotation member that transmits the incident light, so that an angle formed between the rotationally symmetric axis of the primary mirror and the sub-mirror and the incident light, and an angle formed between the rotational symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other. Since the configuration of the reflection surface of the multiple sub-mirrors is configured, by switching the multiple sub-mirrors, it is possible to collect incident light at different wide angles to the viewpoint, and obtain an arbitrary angle of view. Can be. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of primary mirrors that reflect incident light as primary reflected light, and selectively combined with one of the primary mirrors, reflect primary reflected light as secondary reflected light, and collect at a viewpoint. A rotationally symmetrical mirror between the main mirror and the sub-mirror, comprising a sub-mirror that emits light, and a support moving member that supports the sub-mirror, slidably supports the plurality of main mirrors in an arbitrary set direction, and transmits incident light Since the shape of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of primary mirrors is formed so that the angle between the axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other, the support movement is performed. By switching a plurality of primary mirrors with a member, incident light at different wide angles can be collected at the viewpoint, and an arbitrary angle of view can be obtained. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the primary mirror that reflects the incident light as the primary reflected light, and the primary mirror is selectively combined with the primary mirror to reflect the primary reflected light as the secondary reflected light and condense it at the viewpoint. A plurality of sub-mirrors, and a support moving member that supports the main mirror, slidably supports the plurality of sub-mirrors in an arbitrary set direction, and transmits incident light. The configuration is such that the shapes of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of sub-mirrors are formed so that the angle between the symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light have different relationships. By switching the plurality of sub-mirrors with the moving member, it is possible to focus incident light at different wide angles to the viewpoint, and obtain an arbitrary angle of view. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A support moving member that slidably supports at least one of the mirrors in a rotationally symmetric axis direction of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from an object; and a rotationally symmetric axis of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. The reflection surfaces of the plurality of sub-mirrors are so arranged that the angle formed by the incident light and the angle formed by the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light have a different relationship depending on the distance between the slid primary mirror and the sub-mirror. By adjusting the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror by the supporting and moving member, the angle of the incident light to the primary mirror, the angle of the primary reflected light to the secondary mirror, and the viewpoint The angle of the secondary reflected light changes, and the incident light of different wide angle can be collected at the viewpoint, and the arbitrary angle of view Obtainable. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting member for supporting the mirror and transmitting incident light,
Since the transmitting portion is provided on at least one of the primary mirror and the sub-mirror, the transmitting portion transmits the incident light, and can irradiate the viewpoint with the incident light transmitted through the transmitting portion together with the secondary reflected light collected at the viewpoint. If the primary mirror is provided with a transmission part, a wide-angle image reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and an image transmitted through the transmission part of the primary mirror and reflected only by the secondary mirror can be viewed at the same time. When the transmission portion is provided, a wide-angle image reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and a direct image transmitted through the transmission portion of the secondary mirror can be simultaneously viewed. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting member for supporting the mirror and transmitting incident light,
A transmitting part is provided in at least one of the primary mirror and the sub-mirror, and a plane mirror for guiding incident light to the transmitting part in the direction of an object to be viewed by the transmitting part is attached. It is possible to irradiate the viewpoint with the incident light transmitted through the transmitting portion together with the secondary reflected light condensed on the viewpoint. When a transmission part is provided in the primary mirror, a wide-angle image reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and an image transmitted through the transmission part of the primary mirror and reflected only by the secondary mirror can be viewed at the same time, and transmitted to the secondary mirror. When a part is provided, a wide-angle image reflected by the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and a direct image transmitted through the transmission part of the secondary mirror can be simultaneously viewed, and the rotatably supported plane mirror is rotated. Can change the direction of the incident light transmitted through the transmission section. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting member for supporting the mirror and transmitting the incident light, wherein at least one of the primary mirror and the sub-mirror is divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction of the rotationally symmetric axis, and the angle formed between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light And the shape of the plurality of divided reflecting surfaces is formed so that the angles formed by the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other, so that at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror The reflecting surface divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of the rotational symmetry axis can simultaneously collect a plurality of different types of wide-angle incident light from a viewpoint, and can obtain an arbitrary angle of view. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting / rotating member that supports the mirror, is driven to rotate about the rotational symmetry axis of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and transmits incident light; and a storage unit that stores the secondary reflected light collected at the viewpoint. With such a configuration, the reflecting surface divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction of the rotationally symmetric axis of at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is rotated by the supporting rotation driving member, and the secondary reflected light condensed at the viewpoint Is stored in the storage unit, it is possible to obtain a plurality of types of incident light at respective angles of view over the entire region around the rotational symmetry axis. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting member for supporting the mirror and transmitting the incident light, at least one of the primary mirror and the sub-mirror is divided into a plurality of concentric circles, and the angle formed by the rotational symmetry axis and the incident light and the rotational symmetry axis And the angles formed by the secondary reflected light are different from each other, so that the shape of the plurality of divided reflecting surfaces is formed so as to be concentric with at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. The plurality of divided reflecting surfaces can simultaneously collect a plurality of different types of wide-angle incident light from a viewpoint, and can obtain an arbitrary angle of view. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting member for supporting the mirror and transmitting incident light,
At least one of the primary mirror and secondary mirror is formed of a flexible material, and a drive device is attached to the mirror, so that wide-angle incident light can be focused at the viewpoint, and the shape of the mirror is changed by the drive device By doing so, an arbitrary angle of view can be obtained. Also, since the optical system is composed of a reflecting mirror,
There is an effect that a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a primary mirror that reflects incident light as primary reflected light, a secondary mirror that reflects primary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint, a primary mirror and a secondary mirror A supporting member for supporting the mirror and transmitting incident light,
The support member is shaped so that the transmission surface is perpendicular to all the incident light collected at the viewpoint, so that wide-angle incident light can be collected at the viewpoint, and any image can be collected according to design conditions. Since the angle can be obtained and the incident light does not refract when transmitted through the supporting member, the incident angle of the incident light does not change. In addition, since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror can be processed with a material such as metal, the strength can be improved and the processing can be easily performed. Further, there is an effect that a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device having no chromatic aberration or absorption can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the supporting member, the supporting rotating member,
Since the primary mirror and the secondary mirror supported by the support moving member or the support rotation drive member are configured to be exchangeable, an infinite variety of angles of view can be obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a design method of a sub mirror.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a method of designing a primary mirror.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a curvature of a mirror surface in a radial direction and a curvature in a circumferential direction.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a line image.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a rotating body.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining conversion of a coordinate system.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an image distance.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the position of a line image generated by the curvature of the mirror surface in the radial direction.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a position of a line image generated by a curvature of a mirror surface in a circumferential direction.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a design method of an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for describing a design method of an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing an image obtained by the apparatus of FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is according to the present invention (according to one embodiment);
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device.

FIG. 22 is a plan view showing an image obtained by the apparatus of FIG. 21.

FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a plan view showing an image obtained by the apparatus of FIG. 23.

FIG. 25 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a formula angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a plan view showing an image obtained by the apparatus of FIG. 27.

FIG. 28 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of an anti-reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 30 is a partial cross-sectional configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional ultra-wide-angle lens.

FIG. 32 is a sectional view showing a reflecting mirror of a conventional Cassegrain-type reflecting telescope.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 optical axis of incident light, 2 refraction lens, 3 primary mirror, 4 secondary mirror, 5 incident light, 6 focal point of reflected light reflected by primary mirror, 7 focal point of reflected light reflected by secondary mirror, 8 primary mirror , 9 axis of rotational symmetry, 10 secondary mirror, 11 transparent cover, 12
Incident light, 13 primary reflected light, 14 secondary reflected light, 15 lens, 16 CCD camera, 17 viewpoint, 18 mirror normal, 19
Plane, 20 plane, 21 curve, 22 curve, 23 line image, 23a
Line image caused by curvature of primary mirror, 23b Line image caused by curvature of secondary mirror, 23c Line image caused by curvature of primary mirror, 23d
Line image generated by the curvature of the secondary mirror, 24 fields of view, 25 transmission part of the secondary mirror, 26 image due to secondary reflected light reflected by the secondary mirror, 27 image due to incident light directly transmitted through the transmission part of the secondary mirror, 28 plane mirror , 29 Primary mirror image, 30 Primary mirror image, 31 Partial mirror image, 32 Partial mirror image, 33 Actuator, 34 Primary mirror absorption plate, 35 Pump, 36 Primary mirror absorption plate Connecting the pump to the pump

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kenichi Nishiguchi 8-1-1, Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside the Central Research Laboratory of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (72) Inventor Akira Ichikawa 8-1-1 Honcho Tsukaguchi, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Mitsubishi (56) Reference US Patent 3,229,576 (US, A) International Publication No. 82/2609 (WO, A1)

Claims (14)

(57) [Claims] 1. A primary mirror having a reflection surface comprising a plurality of different concentric partial mirrors having a rotationally symmetric shape and concentrically reflecting incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, It has a reflective surface that is rotationally symmetrical about the same rotationally symmetric axis as the primary mirror, and is disposed on the object side from the primary mirror, and the primary reflected light reflected by the primary mirror is used as secondary reflected light. A secondary mirror for reflecting and condensing the light at a viewpoint; and a supporting and moving member for slidably supporting at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in the rotationally symmetric axis direction and transmitting incident light from an object. A reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device. A plurality of primary mirrors having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting, as primary reflected light, incident light arriving from an object to be viewed; and a rotationally symmetric reflection surface. The primary reflected light is selectively combined with one of the plurality of primary mirrors, is positioned to face the object side from the combined primary mirror, and reflects the primary reflected light reflected from the combined primary mirror as secondary reflected light. Supports the sub-mirror condensed at the viewpoint and the sub-mirror, and supports a plurality of primary mirrors rotatably around a rotation axis in an arbitrarily set direction, and selects one of the plurality of primary mirrors according to a rotational position. A supporting rotary member that transmits the incident light from the object in accordance with the rotational symmetry axis of the primary mirror in combination with the secondary mirror. Angle between the rotational symmetry axis of both mirrors and the incident light when combined The axis of rotational symmetry and the secondary reflection beam and the reflection-type angle transforming optical apparatus characterized by the angle and is molded shape of the reflecting surface of the plurality of the primary mirror so that different relationships each. 3. A primary mirror which has a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflects incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as a primary reflection light, and each has a rotationally symmetric reflection surface. A plurality of sub-mirrors which are combined with the main mirror, are disposed on the object side from the main mirror, and reflect the primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light to condense it at a viewpoint; In addition to supporting the primary mirror, a plurality of secondary mirrors are rotatably supported around a rotation axis in an arbitrarily set direction, and one of the secondary mirrors is selectively combined with the primary mirror depending on a rotational position. A supporting rotating member that makes the rotationally symmetric axis of the combined secondary mirror coincide with the rotationally symmetric axis of the primary mirror and transmits incident light from the object; and Angle between rotational symmetry axis and incident light, rotational symmetry axis and secondary reflection Angle and the reflective angle conversion optical system, characterized in that the molded shape of the reflecting surface of the plurality of secondary mirror such that different relationships each between. 4. A plurality of primary mirrors having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting, as primary reflected light, incident light arriving from an object to be viewed, and a rotationally symmetric reflection surface. The primary reflected light is selectively combined with one of the plurality of primary mirrors, is positioned to face the object side from the combined primary mirror, and reflects the primary reflected light reflected from the combined primary mirror as secondary reflected light. A sub-mirror for condensing light at a viewpoint, and supporting the sub-mirror and slidably supporting a plurality of primary mirrors in an arbitrarily set direction and selectively selecting one of the plurality of primary mirrors according to a sliding position. A supporting / moving member which, in combination with the sub-mirror, makes the rotational symmetry axis of the primary mirror coincide with the rotational symmetry axis of the sub-mirror and transmits incident light from the object; Angle between the rotationally symmetric axis of the two mirrors and the incident light, the rotationally symmetric axis and 2 Reflected light and the angle and the reflection angle conversion optical system, characterized in that the molded shape of the reflecting surface of the plurality of the primary mirror so that different relationships each. 5. A primary mirror which has a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflects incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as a primary reflection light, and each of which has a rotationally symmetric reflection surface. A plurality of sub-mirrors which are combined with the main mirror, are disposed on the object side from the main mirror, and reflect the primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light to condense it at a viewpoint; The primary mirror is supported, and a plurality of secondary mirrors are slidably supported in an arbitrarily set direction, and one of the multiple secondary mirrors is selectively combined with the primary mirror according to a sliding position. A supporting and moving member that makes the rotational symmetry axis of the mirror coincide with the rotational symmetry axis of the primary mirror and transmits incident light from the object, and the rotational symmetry axis of both mirrors when each of the sub-mirrors is combined with the primary mirror And the angle formed by the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light. Reflective angle conversion optical system, characterized in that so that the respective different relationships were molded shape of the reflecting surface of the plurality of sub-mirrors. 6. A primary mirror which has a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflects incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, and rotates about a rotational symmetry axis same as that of the primary mirror. A sub-mirror having a symmetrical reflecting surface, disposed opposite to the object side with respect to the main mirror, reflecting primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the reflected light at a viewpoint; A support moving member that slidably supports at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in the rotationally symmetric axis direction and transmits incident light from the object, and forms an angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light. The reflection surfaces of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror such that the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light has a different relationship depending on the distance between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror slid by the support moving member. A reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device characterized by having a shape of (1). 7. A primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflecting surface and reflecting incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, and rotating about a rotational symmetry axis same as that of the primary mirror. A sub-mirror having a symmetrical reflecting surface, disposed opposite to the object side with respect to the main mirror, reflecting primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the reflected light at a viewpoint; A supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from the target; and a transmission unit that transmits incident light from the target is provided on at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. A reflection type angle-of-view conversion optical device characterized by the above-mentioned. 8. A primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflection surface and reflecting incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, and rotating about a rotationally symmetric axis identical to the primary mirror. A sub-mirror having a symmetrical reflecting surface, disposed opposite to the object side with respect to the main mirror, reflecting primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the reflected light at a viewpoint; A supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from the object; and a transmission portion is provided on at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror to transmit incident light from the object. A reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device, comprising: a sub-mirror or a rotatably supported plane mirror that reflects light in a direction of a viewpoint through a section. 9. A primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflecting surface and reflecting incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, and rotating about a rotationally symmetric axis same as the primary mirror. A sub-mirror having a symmetrical reflecting surface, disposed opposite to the object side with respect to the main mirror, reflecting primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the reflected light at a viewpoint; A supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from the object, and divides at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror into a plurality in the circumferential direction of the rotation target axis, and The shape of the plurality of divided reflecting surfaces is shaped such that the angle formed between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light and the angle formed between the rotationally symmetric axis and the secondary reflected light are different from each other. Reflective angle-of-view conversion optical device. 10. A primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric reflecting surface and reflecting incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, and rotating about a rotational symmetry axis same as the primary mirror. A sub-mirror having a symmetrical reflecting surface, disposed opposite to the object side with respect to the main mirror, reflecting primary reflected light reflected from the main mirror as secondary reflected light, and condensing the reflected light at a viewpoint; A supporting and rotating driving member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, is driven to rotate about a rotational symmetry axis, and transmits incident light from an object, and a storage unit that stores the secondary reflected light collected at the viewpoint thereof And at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is divided into a plurality in the circumferential direction of the rotationally symmetric axis, and the angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light, the rotationally symmetric axis, the secondary reflected light, and the like. So that the relationship between Reflective angle conversion optical system, characterized in that molded split by a plurality of reflection surface shape of. 11. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror supported by the support member, the support rotation member, the support movement member or the support rotation drive member is exchangeable with one having a different reflection surface shape. Claim 1 above
11. The reflection-type angle-of-view conversion optical device according to any one of claims to 10. 12. A primary mirror having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface and reflecting, as primary reflected light, incident light arriving from an object to be viewed, and a primary mirror having the same rotational symmetry axis as the center. A reflection surface having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface, which is arranged on the object side with respect to the primary mirror and reflected by the primary mirror;
A reflection type angle-of-view conversion system comprising: a secondary mirror that reflects secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint; and a supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from an object. In the method of manufacturing an optical device, the sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror is y = f1 (x), the sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the secondary mirror is y = f2 (x), and the incident light arriving from the object is When the relation between the incident angle θ to the primary mirror and the incident angle φ of the secondary reflected light to the viewpoint is θ = g (φ), (a) the incident point of the incident light on the primary mirror P1 (Mx,
My), there is an incident point P2 (Sx, Sy) on the secondary mirror of the primary reflected light that exactly corresponds to (b) and a point on the inner circumference of the primary mirror. On the other hand, the following equations (1) and (2) Sx = Dsinφ Sy = Dcosφ (1) so that the points on the inner circumference of the secondary mirror satisfy the corresponding conditions. (D is the distance between the viewpoint and the incident point P2), and the shape of the reflection surface of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is given. 13. A primary mirror which has a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface and reflects incident light arriving from an object to be viewed as primary reflected light, and about a rotationally symmetric axis which is the same as the primary mirror. A reflection surface having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface, which is arranged on the object side with respect to the primary mirror and reflected by the primary mirror;
A reflection type angle-of-view conversion system comprising: a secondary mirror that reflects secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint; and a supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from an object. In the method of manufacturing an optical device, at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is divided into a plurality of different concentric partial mirrors, and an angle between the rotationally symmetric axis and the incident light, the rotationally symmetric axis, and the secondary reflection. The shapes of the reflecting surfaces of the plurality of divided partial mirrors are shaped so that the angles formed with light are different from each other, and the sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror is y = f1 (x), The sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the mirror is y = f2 (x), and the relationship between the incident angle θ of the incident light arriving from the object to the primary mirror and the incident angle φ of the secondary reflected light to the viewpoint is When θ = g (φ), (a) the incident point P1 (Mx,
My), there is an incident point P2 (Sx, Sy) on the secondary mirror of the primary reflected light that exactly corresponds to (b) and a point on the inner circumference of the primary mirror. On the other hand, the following expressions (3) and (4) Sx = Dsinφ Sy = Dcosφ (3) so that the points on the inner circumference of the secondary mirror satisfy the corresponding conditions. (D is the distance between the viewpoint and the incident point P2), and the shape of the reflection surface of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is given. 14. A primary mirror which has a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface and reflects, as primary reflected light, incident light arriving from an object to be viewed, and a center about the same rotationally symmetric axis as the primary mirror. A reflection surface having a rotationally symmetric convex reflecting surface, which is arranged on the object side with respect to the primary mirror and reflected by the primary mirror;
A reflection type angle-of-view conversion system comprising: a secondary mirror that reflects secondary reflected light as secondary reflected light and condenses it at a viewpoint; and a supporting member that supports the primary mirror and the secondary mirror and transmits incident light from an object. In the method for manufacturing an optical device, at least one of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is formed of a flexible material, and a driving device for deforming the mirror made of the flexible material is provided. y = f1 (x), y = f2 (x) the sectional shape of the reflecting surface of the sub-mirror, the incident angle θ of the incident light arriving from the object on the main mirror, and the viewpoint of the secondary reflected light When the relationship between the incident light and the incident angle φ is θ = g (φ), (a) the incident point P1 (Mx,
My), there is an incident point P2 (Sx, Sy) on the secondary mirror of the primary reflected light that exactly corresponds to (b) and a point on the inner circumference of the primary mirror. On the other hand, the following equations (5) and (6) Sx = Dsinφ Sy = Dcosφ (5) so that points on the inner circumference of the secondary mirror satisfy the corresponding conditions. (D is the distance between the viewpoint and the incident point P2), and the shape of the reflection surface of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror is given.