JP3195389U - Ceramic tube for heating forging material - Google Patents
Ceramic tube for heating forging material Download PDFInfo
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- JP3195389U JP3195389U JP2014005796U JP2014005796U JP3195389U JP 3195389 U JP3195389 U JP 3195389U JP 2014005796 U JP2014005796 U JP 2014005796U JP 2014005796 U JP2014005796 U JP 2014005796U JP 3195389 U JP3195389 U JP 3195389U
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【課題】内部で詰まりが生じにくく、また鍛造用素材にスケールが溶着しにくい鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブを提供する。【解決手段】鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブは、鍛造用素材の加熱炉内部に設置され、内部に鍛造用素材Ｗを通過させながら加熱するセラミックチューブであり、内面を多角形とし、鍛造用素材との接点を底部の二辺とする。二辺８、８のなす角度が６０?〜１６０?の範囲であることが好ましい。鍛造用素材Ｗは左右の２箇所でセラミックチューブの内面に接するため、従来の円形チューブよりも左右に蛇行しにくく、詰まりが生じにくくなる。【選択図】図５The present invention provides a ceramic tube for heating a forging material in which clogging is unlikely to occur inside and the scale is hardly welded to the forging material. A ceramic tube for heating a forging material is a ceramic tube that is installed inside a heating furnace of a forging material and is heated while passing the forging material W inside. The contact point with the material is the bottom two sides. The angle formed by the two sides 8 and 8 is preferably in the range of 60? Since the forging material W is in contact with the inner surface of the ceramic tube at two locations on the left and right, it is less likely to meander to the left and right than a conventional circular tube, and clogging is less likely to occur. [Selection] Figure 5
Description
本考案は、鍛造用素材の加熱炉内に設置される鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a ceramic tube for heating a forging material installed in a heating furnace for the forging material.
鍛造用素材を鍛造に適した温度にまで加熱するために、従来から鍛造用素材の加熱炉が広く使用されている。この鍛造用素材の加熱炉は、例えば特許文献１に示されるように、炉内にセラミックチューブを設置してその内部にビレット等の鍛造用素材を通過させながら加熱する構造である。鍛造用素材は、後続の鍛造用素材によって押されるようにしてセラミックチューブの内部を移動し、その間に所定温度まで加熱されて先端から取出され、鍛造される。 In order to heat a forging material to a temperature suitable for forging, a forging material heating furnace has been widely used. This forging material heating furnace has a structure in which, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a ceramic tube is installed in the furnace and heated while a forging material such as a billet is passed through the ceramic tube. The forging material moves inside the ceramic tube so as to be pushed by the subsequent forging material, and is heated to a predetermined temperature during that time, taken out from the tip, and forged.
この鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブとして、従来は専ら断面が円形のものが使用されてきた。しかし鍛造用素材が円柱状鋼材である場合、断面が円形のセラミックチューブ内で移動させると図１のように左右方向にぶれ易い。また鍛造用素材である円柱状鋼材はその端面の直角度が正確に出ていないため、後続の鍛造用素材によって押されると図２のように内部でへの字状に折れ曲がり、詰まりが生じることがあった。詰まりが生ずると鍛造ラインを停止してセラミックチューブを交換しなければならず、その損害は大きいものであった。このため従来は鍛造用素材のサイズをセラミックチューブの内径の５０％〜９０％に限定し、できるだけ左右のぶれを抑えて詰まりを防止していた。しかし詰まりを完全になくすことができないうえ、鍛造用素材のサイズが限定されてしまうという問題があった。 Conventionally, a ceramic tube having a circular cross section has been used as the ceramic tube for heating the forging material. However, when the forging material is a columnar steel material, if it is moved in a ceramic tube having a circular cross section, it is likely to shake in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. In addition, since the perpendicularity of the end face of the columnar steel material, which is a forging material, does not come out accurately, if it is pushed by the subsequent forging material, it will be bent into a round shape as shown in Fig. 2 and clogging will occur. was there. When clogging occurred, the forging line had to be stopped and the ceramic tube replaced, and the damage was significant. For this reason, conventionally, the size of the forging material is limited to 50% to 90% of the inner diameter of the ceramic tube, and the clogging is prevented by suppressing the right and left shake as much as possible. However, there is a problem that clogging cannot be completely eliminated and the size of the forging material is limited.
また、鍛造用素材の表面に不可避的に生ずる酸化物のスケールがセラミックチューブの底面に次第に堆積して行き、その上を鍛造用素材が通過することとなるため、鍛造用素材にスケールが溶着することがある。そのようなスケールが溶着した鍛造用素材を鍛造すると異物混入品となる。これを避けるために現状では定期的にセラミックチューブを軸線周りに９０°ずつ回転させてスケールの堆積していない新しい面を底面としているが、４面を使用するとセラミックチューブを新品と交換しなければならず、セラミックチューブの使用寿命が短いという問題があった。 In addition, the scale of oxide inevitably generated on the surface of the forging material gradually accumulates on the bottom surface of the ceramic tube, and the forging material passes over it, so the scale is welded to the forging material. Sometimes. When a forging material with such a scale welded is forged, it becomes a foreign matter mixed product. In order to avoid this, the ceramic tube is periodically rotated 90 ° around the axis to set the new surface where no scale is deposited as the bottom surface. However, if four surfaces are used, the ceramic tube must be replaced with a new one. In other words, there was a problem that the service life of the ceramic tube was short.
従って本考案の目的は上記した従来の問題点を解決し、鍛造用素材が円柱状鋼材である場合や、端面の直角度が正確に出ていない場合にも、詰まりが生じにくく、また鍛造用素材にスケールが溶着しにくい鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブを提供することである。また本考案の他の目的は、鍛造用素材の限定幅を従来よりも大幅に拡大することができる鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブを提供することである。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and even when the forging material is a cylindrical steel material, or when the perpendicularity of the end face is not accurate, clogging hardly occurs, and forging The purpose is to provide a ceramic tube for heating a forging material in which the scale is difficult to weld to the material. Another object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic tube for heating a forging material capable of greatly expanding the limited width of the forging material as compared with the conventional one.
上記の課題を解決するためになされた本考案の鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブは、鍛造用素材の加熱炉内に設置され、内部に鍛造用素材を通過させながら加熱するセラミックチューブであって、内面を多角形とし、鍛造用素材との接点を底部の二辺としたことを特徴とするものである。 The ceramic tube for heating a forging material according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, is a ceramic tube that is installed in a forging material heating furnace and is heated while passing the forging material inside. The inner surface is a polygon and the contact point with the forging material is the bottom two sides.
なお請求項２のように、二辺のなす角度が６０°〜１６０°の範囲であることが好ましい。また請求項３のように、二辺の間に形成されるコーナー部に面取りＲを付与することが好ましい。 As in claim 2, it is preferable that the angle formed by the two sides is in the range of 60 ° to 160 °. Further, as in claim 3, it is preferable to chamfer R to the corner portion formed between the two sides.
請求項４のように、セラミックチューブの材質はＳｉＣを主成分とするものであることが好ましく、特に請求項５のように、Ｓｉ−ＳｉＣ、窒化物結合ＳｉＣ、酸化物結合ＳｉＣの何れかとすることが好ましい。 As described in claim 4, the material of the ceramic tube is preferably composed mainly of SiC. In particular, as described in claim 5, any one of Si-SiC, nitride-bonded SiC, and oxide-bonded SiC is used. It is preferable.
本考案の鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブは、従来と同様に鍛造用素材の加熱炉内に設置され、内部に鍛造用素材を通過させながら加熱するものである。しかし従来の円形チューブとは異なり、内面を多角形とし、鍛造用素材との接点を底部の二辺としたため、鍛造用素材はセラミックチューブの内面２箇所で位置規制されながら移動する。このため従来のように鍛造用素材が内部で蛇行したり、への字状に折れ曲がったりすることがなく、内部で詰まりが生じにくい。このため鍛造用素材の限定幅を従来よりも拡大することができる。 The ceramic tube for heating a forging material according to the present invention is installed in a heating furnace for the forging material as in the prior art and is heated while passing the forging material through the inside. However, unlike the conventional circular tube, the inner surface has a polygonal shape, and the contact point with the forging material has two sides at the bottom, so that the forging material moves while being regulated at two positions on the inner surface of the ceramic tube. For this reason, the forging material does not meander in the inside or bends in the shape of a letter like in the past, and clogging is unlikely to occur inside. For this reason, the limited width | variety of the raw material for forging can be expanded rather than before.
また本考案の鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブは、内面を多角形とし、鍛造用素材との接点を底部の二辺としたため、スケールはセラミックチューブの底部の二辺の間に形成されるコーナー部に落下し、鍛造用素材と直接接触しない。このため鍛造用素材にスケールが溶着しにくい。従って定期的に回転させていた回転頻度を従来よりも減少させることができ、セラミックチューブの使用寿命を延ばすことができる。さらにセラミックチューブの内面形状を５角形以上とすれば、回転させて５面以上を使用できることとなり、セラミックチューブの使用寿命をさらに延ばすことができる。 In addition, the ceramic tube for heating forging material of the present invention has a polygonal inner surface and two sides on the bottom of the contact point with the forging material, so the scale is a corner formed between the two sides of the bottom of the ceramic tube. It falls into the part and does not come into direct contact with the forging material. For this reason, the scale is difficult to weld to the forging material. Accordingly, the rotation frequency that is periodically rotated can be reduced as compared with the conventional one, and the service life of the ceramic tube can be extended. Furthermore, if the inner surface shape of the ceramic tube is a pentagon or more, it can be rotated to use five or more surfaces, and the service life of the ceramic tube can be further extended.
以下に本考案の実施形態を説明する。
図３は鍛造用素材の加熱炉の構造を示す概念的な断面図であり、１は炉体、２は炉体１に設置されたバーナー、３は排気筒、４は炉床５に配置されたセラミックチューブ、Ｗは鍛造用素材である。セラミックチューブ４は直列に接続され、直線状に配置されて鍛造用素材Ｗの通路を形成しており、鍛造用素材Ｗはその基部からセラミックチューブ４の内部に供給され、後続する鍛造用素材Ｗに押されながら出口６に向かって移動し、その間にバーナー２からの輻射熱によって鍛造に適した温度まで加熱され、出口６から取出される。鍛造用素材Ｗは例えばビレットと呼ばれる円柱状鋼材である。炉内温度は例えば１０００℃〜１２００℃である。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the structure of a forging material heating furnace, wherein 1 is a furnace body, 2 is a burner installed in the furnace body 1, 3 is an exhaust pipe, and 4 is placed on the hearth 5. Ceramic tube W is a forging material. The ceramic tubes 4 are connected in series and arranged in a straight line to form a passage for the forging material W. The forging material W is supplied from the base to the inside of the ceramic tube 4 and the subsequent forging material W is provided. It moves toward the outlet 6 while being pushed, and during that time, it is heated to a temperature suitable for forging by the radiant heat from the burner 2 and is taken out from the outlet 6. The forging material W is, for example, a columnar steel material called billet. The furnace temperature is, for example, 1000 ° C to 1200 ° C.
図４にセラミックチューブ４の正面図と断面図を示す。図示の通りこの実施形態のセラミックチューブ４の外周面は円筒形であるが、内面は六角形となっている。入口側の端部にはテーパー部７が形成されており、鍛造用素材Ｗの引っ掛かりを防止している。またセラミック成形に必要な抜き勾配を持たせるため、全体も僅かながら入口側が広いテーパー状となっている。なお鍛造用素材Ｗの外径はセラミックチューブ４の内径の１０〜９０％の範囲とすることができ、従来の５０−９０％よりも大幅な拡大が可能となった。 FIG. 4 shows a front view and a cross-sectional view of the ceramic tube 4. As illustrated, the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic tube 4 of this embodiment is cylindrical, but the inner surface is hexagonal. A tapered portion 7 is formed at the end on the inlet side to prevent the forging material W from being caught. Moreover, in order to give the draft required for ceramic forming, the whole is slightly tapered on the inlet side. Note that the outer diameter of the forging material W can be in the range of 10 to 90% of the inner diameter of the ceramic tube 4 and can be greatly expanded from the conventional 50 to 90%.
セラミックチューブ４は炉内で高温にさらされるうえ、その内部で重量物が移動するため、熱応力及び機械的応力によって割れる可能性がある。応力集中を避けるため、図５に示すように多角形の頂点の位置すなわち底部の二辺８、８の間に形成されるコーナー部９に面取りＲを形成しておくことが好ましい。実施形態では面取りＲは３ｍｍである。セラミックチューブ４はコーナー部９が最低位置となるように炉床５に配置される。位置決めを行ない易いように、セラミックチューブ４の外面に目印をつけておくこともできる。 Since the ceramic tube 4 is exposed to a high temperature in the furnace and a heavy object moves in the ceramic tube 4, the ceramic tube 4 may be broken by thermal stress and mechanical stress. In order to avoid stress concentration, it is preferable to form a chamfer R at the corner portion 9 formed between the two vertexes 8 and 8 at the bottom of the polygon, that is, as shown in FIG. In the embodiment, the chamfer R is 3 mm. The ceramic tube 4 is arrange | positioned at the hearth 5 so that the corner part 9 may become the lowest position. In order to facilitate positioning, a mark may be provided on the outer surface of the ceramic tube 4.
このセラミックチューブ４の内面に円柱状鋼材である鍛造用素材Ｗを送り込むと、図５に示すように鍛造用素材Ｗとの接点は底部の二辺８、８となる。このように鍛造用素材Ｗは左右の２箇所でセラミックチューブ４の内面に接するため、図１に示した従来の円形チューブよりも左右に蛇行しにくい。また、鍛造用素材Ｗの端面の直角度が正確に出ていない場合にもへの字状に折れ曲がりにくくなり、詰まりが生じにくくなる。 When the forging material W, which is a columnar steel material, is fed into the inner surface of the ceramic tube 4, the contacts with the forging material W become the two sides 8 and 8 at the bottom as shown in FIG. As described above, the forging material W is in contact with the inner surface of the ceramic tube 4 at two locations on the left and right sides, and therefore is less likely to meander to the left and right than the conventional circular tube shown in FIG. Further, even when the squareness of the end face of the forging material W is not accurately output, it becomes difficult to bend into a round shape and clogging is less likely to occur.
さらに図５に示すように、セラミックチューブ４の鍛造用素材Ｗとの接点を底部の二辺８、８としたため、スケールはセラミックチューブ４の底部のコーナー部９に落下し、その上を移動する鍛造用素材Ｗと直接接触しにくくなる。このため従来よりも鍛造用素材Ｗの下面にスケールが溶着しにくくなり、鍛造品に異物が混入するトラブルを防止することが可能となる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, since the contact point between the ceramic tube 4 and the forging material W is the bottom two sides 8, 8, the scale falls to the corner portion 9 at the bottom of the ceramic tube 4 and moves on it. It becomes difficult to contact the forging material W directly. For this reason, the scale is less likely to be welded to the lower surface of the forging material W than before, and it is possible to prevent troubles that foreign matter is mixed into the forged product.
なお、このセラミックチューブ４の内面の鍛造用素材Ｗと接触している部分は徐々に摩耗して行くことが避けられないが、摩耗するのはコーナー部９の近傍のみである。このため従来と同様に定期的に軸線周りに回転させて新しい面を使用することとなるが、内面形状が６角形の場合には６回回転させることができ、セラミックチューブ４の使用寿命を従来よりも大幅に延長させることが可能となる。 The portion of the inner surface of the ceramic tube 4 that is in contact with the forging material W is inevitably worn away, but is worn only in the vicinity of the corner portion 9. For this reason, as in the conventional case, a new surface is used by periodically rotating around the axis line. However, if the inner surface shape is hexagonal, it can be rotated six times, and the service life of the ceramic tube 4 can be increased. It becomes possible to extend significantly.
上記した作用効果を確実に得るためには、二辺のなす角度が６０°〜１６０°の範囲であることが好ましい。正多角形の場合、６０°は３角形、１６０°は１８角形に対応する。しかし角数が増加すると次第に円に近くなるため、好ましくは９０°〜１３５°（正多角形の場合、四角形から８角形）とすることが好ましい。 In order to reliably obtain the above-described effects, the angle formed by the two sides is preferably in the range of 60 ° to 160 °. In the case of a regular polygon, 60 ° corresponds to a triangle and 160 ° corresponds to an 18-gon. However, as the number of corners increases, the shape gradually becomes closer to a circle, so that the angle is preferably 90 ° to 135 ° (in the case of a regular polygon, from quadrangular to octagonal).
図６にセラミックチューブ４の断面形状の変形例を示した。図示のように内面形状は必ずしも正多角形である必要はなく、菱型とすることもできる。また外面の形状は任意であり、円形でも角形でも差し支えない。さらに図６の右下図に示したように、半割れチューブとすることも可能である。 FIG. 6 shows a modification of the cross-sectional shape of the ceramic tube 4. As shown in the drawing, the inner surface shape is not necessarily a regular polygon, and may be a diamond shape. The shape of the outer surface is arbitrary and may be circular or square. Further, as shown in the lower right diagram of FIG.
このセラミックチューブ４には高温に耐えうる耐熱性のほか、高温強度、耐熱衝撃性などが要求される。これらの特性を満足するセラミックは、ＳｉＣを主成分とするものであることが好ましく、特にＳｉ−ＳｉＣ、窒化物結合ＳｉＣ、酸化物結合ＳｉＣの何れかとすることが好ましい。Ｓｉ−ＳｉＣはＳｉＣの空隙に金属Ｓｉを含浸させたものであり、非常に優れた高温強度を備え、また高温劣化も生じない。窒化物結合ＳｉＣはＳｉＣをＳｉ３Ｎ４やＳｉ２Ｎ２Ｏ等の窒化物で結合したもので、特に耐熱衝撃性に優れる。酸化物結合ＳｉＣはＳｉＣをＳｉ２Ｏ３等の酸化物で結合させたもので、やはり優れた高温強度を備える。しかしセラミックチューブ４の材質はこれらに限定されるものではなく、従来のアルミナやムライトを使用することも可能である。 The ceramic tube 4 is required to have high temperature strength, thermal shock resistance and the like in addition to heat resistance that can withstand high temperatures. The ceramic satisfying these characteristics is preferably composed mainly of SiC, and is particularly preferably any of Si-SiC, nitride-bonded SiC, and oxide-bonded SiC. Si-SiC is obtained by impregnating SiC with metal Si, has a very excellent high-temperature strength, and does not deteriorate at high temperatures. Nitride-bonded SiC is obtained by bonding SiC with a nitride such as Si 3 N 4 or Si 2 N 2 O, and is particularly excellent in thermal shock resistance. The oxide-bonded SiC is obtained by bonding SiC with an oxide such as Si 2 O 3 and also has excellent high temperature strength. However, the material of the ceramic tube 4 is not limited to these, and conventional alumina or mullite can also be used.
以上に説明したように、本考案の鍛造用素材加熱用のセラミックチューブは鍛造用素材Ｗの詰まりが生じにくく、また鍛造用素材Ｗにスケールが溶着しにくく、使用寿命が長い等の多くの利点を備えたものである。 As described above, the ceramic tube for heating a forging material according to the present invention has many advantages such as that the forging material W is not easily clogged, the scale is difficult to weld to the forging material W, and the service life is long. It is equipped with.
１ 炉体
２ バーナー
３ 排気筒
４ セラミックチューブ
５ 炉床
６ 出口
７ テーパー部
８ 辺
９ コーナー部
Ｗ 鍛造用素材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace 2 Burner 3 Exhaust pipe 4 Ceramic tube 5 Hearth 6 Exit 7 Tapered part 8 Side 9 Corner part W Forging material
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014005796U JP3195389U (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | Ceramic tube for heating forging material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014005796U JP3195389U (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | Ceramic tube for heating forging material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP3195389U true JP3195389U (en) | 2015-01-15 |
Family
ID=52685096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014005796U Active JP3195389U (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | Ceramic tube for heating forging material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3195389U (en) |
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2014
- 2014-10-31 JP JP2014005796U patent/JP3195389U/en active Active
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