JP3126626B2 - Apparatus and method for measuring characteristics of muddy water - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the characteristics of muddy water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Muddy water used in a pressurized shield method or a stabilizing liquid method is expected to have a stabilizing effect due to the formation of a mud film on a face as a stabilizing liquid and to improve the efficiency of fluid transport of excavated earth and sand. Therefore, specific gravity and viscosity are used as management indices for realizing these. The higher the viscosity of the mud as a stabilizing liquid, the better the mud film is formed, but the lower the viscosity, the more advantageous it is in fluid transport and mud treatment. As described above, depending on the conditions of muddy water, contradictory properties are required. Therefore, it is extremely important to adopt an appropriate viscosity measurement method in order to grasp the overall properties of the muddy water as a stable liquid.

[0003] As a viscosity measuring device, a rotary viscometer such as a VG meter may be used in some cases. However, it is troublesome, and it is necessary to manually measure the viscosity using an API standard funnel viscometer. Is common. Recently, as an attempt to save labor, a capillary-type continuous viscometer for automatically measuring the viscosity of muddy water in an adjusting tank of a muddy water treatment facility has been developed.

FIG. 11 shows an example of a conventionally used funnel viscometer.

At this time, the measuring procedure is as follows. First, a measuring person places the funnel-shaped container 2 on the stand 1 and presses the lower opening 2a with a finger. Next, the stable liquid is passed through a 0.25 mm gold steel to remove solids having a viscosity of 0.25 mm or more, and then the container 2 is filled with 500 cc.

Next, the finger of the lower mouth 2a held by the measuring member is released. At this time, all of the 500 cc of the stabilizing liquid flows out of the funnel-shaped container 2 and the container 4 placed at the lower part
Measure the time to run off with a stopwatch. Then, the viscosity of the stabilizer is determined from the correspondence between the viscosity of the stabilizer and the measurement time.

[0007]

However, such a conventional viscosity measurement technique using a funnel viscometer or a rotational viscometer has the following problems.

<1> In this conventional technique, the measurement staff manually measures the viscosity of the stabilizer. For this reason, not only the measurement takes time and effort, but also the measurement accuracy varies greatly depending on the measurement staff.

<2> In such a conventional technique, the viscosity of a stable liquid supplied through a mud pipe cannot be continuously measured in real time. For this reason, when the property of the stable liquid rapidly deteriorates during excavation by an excavator or the like, it cannot be detected in real time to control the viscosity to an appropriate value.

<3> Since the measurement of viscosity requires human labor, it cannot be used as a sensor for constructing an automated viscosity management system.

The capillary continuous viscometer has the following problems.

<1> Although the property of laminar flow is used as the measurement principle, the transport line for the stable liquid is turbulent, and therefore cannot be measured in the transport line.

<2> The entire apparatus has a large shape, and the equipment is expensive.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to continuously and accurately measure the characteristics of muddy water supplied through a pipeline in real time, and without human intervention. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for measuring muddy water properties that can be performed and can be used as a sensor unit of an automation system.

[0015]

In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for measuring the viscosity of muddy water conveyed in a pipeline, wherein the differential pressure of the muddy water is measured by the pipe. Differential pressure measuring means for measuring a pressure difference between at least two points in the channel, speed measuring means for measuring the flow velocity of the mud in the pipe, and mud flowing in the pipe determined in advance by measurement. Storage means for storing the relationship between the differential pressure, the flow velocity and the viscosity, and a calculation means for comparing the measured flow velocity and the differential pressure with the storage data of the storage means to determine the viscosity of the muddy water, I do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, attention is paid to the fact that when muddy water flows through the pipeline, a pressure difference corresponding to the viscosity of the muddy water is generated in the pipeline, and the viscosity difference of the muddy water is determined from the pressure difference. Is measured.

In particular, in the present invention, focusing on the fact that this pressure difference changes due to the flow velocity of the mud, the relation between the differential pressure, viscosity and flow velocity of the mud is obtained in advance by measurement, and these relation data are stored. It is stored in the means.

Then, the differential pressure and flow velocity of the mud flowing in the pipeline are measured, and the measured data is compared with the data relating to the differential pressure, viscosity and flow velocity of the mud stored in the storage means to determine the viscosity of the mud. Ask for.

By doing so, the viscosity of the mud flowing in the pipeline can be continuously measured with high accuracy without being affected by the fluctuation of the flow rate of the mud, in real time, and without manual intervention. Can be. Therefore, the measurement device of the present invention can be widely used as a sensor unit of an automation system for muddy water viscosity management and the like.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the storage means stores the relationship between the viscosity and the differential pressure ΔP of the muddy water flowing in the pipeline, the ratio ΔP / V of the flow velocity V, which is obtained in advance by measurement. Data processing means, wherein the calculating means comprises:
It is characterized in that the viscosity of the muddy water is determined based on the measured ratio of the differential pressure and the flow velocity ΔP / V and the related data stored in the storage means.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the relationship between the differential pressure ΔP of the muddy water flowing through the pipeline and the ratio ΔP / V of the flow velocity is measured by measurement in advance, and data representing this relationship is obtained. It is stored in the storage means in advance.

In this way, the arithmetic means can easily obtain the viscosity of the mud by comparing the ratio of the current differential pressure and flow rate measured by the measuring means with the data. Becomes

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first and second aspects, the storage means is formed in advance so as to store data relating to the viscosity of the muddy water and the yield value. The yield value of the muddy water is obtained from the data of the storage means based on the viscosity of the muddy water.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the yield value of the muddy water can be obtained as an index of the muddy water management. That is, when the muddy water is considered as a Bingham fluid, the relationship between the viscosity of the muddy water and the yield value is stored in advance in the storage means as data, and the yield of the muddy water is calculated from the data based on the viscosity of the muddy water obtained by the calculating means. The value can be determined.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the viscosity is a funnel viscosity.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, by using the funnel viscosity as the viscosity, the present invention can be directly applied to a conventional viscosity management system using the funnel viscosity.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the storage means stores the differential pressure of the muddy water,
The relationship between the flow velocity and the viscosity is obtained as data in a turbulent flow region between the critical flow velocity and the flow velocity corresponding to the critical Reynolds number, and the data is stored.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the viscosity of the muddy water can be obtained more accurately. That is, the relationship between the flow velocity of the muddy water and the differential pressure can be obtained as an approximate expression of a substantially straight line in a turbulent flow region between the flow velocity corresponding to the critical Reynolds number and the critical flow velocity. Therefore, by preliminarily measuring the relationship between the differential pressure of the mud, the flow velocity, and the viscosity in this range, it is possible to more accurately grasp these mutual relationships and to more accurately determine the actual viscosity of the mud. Become.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, there is provided a muddy water bypass means provided in the pipe line, the muddy water flowing at a flow rate equal to or less than a limit flow velocity, and the differential pressure measuring means and The speed measuring means is installed on the muddy water bypass means.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the flow velocity of the mud flowing in the pipeline exceeds the critical flow velocity, bypass means is provided to reduce the flow velocity of the muddy water to the critical flow velocity or less, and to accurately measure the viscosity of the muddy water. Can be sought.

In particular, the present invention is effective when measuring the viscosity of mud flowing through a mud pipe of a mud shield excavator.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the characteristic measuring apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the characteristic measuring apparatus is provided in a conduit for transporting the stable liquid, and the viscosity or yield of the muddy water determined by the characteristic measuring apparatus. Control means for controlling the properties of the stabilizing solution based on the value.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the characteristic value such as the viscosity or the yield value of the stable liquid transported in the pipeline is determined accurately.
Based on the value, it is possible to accurately perform feedback control of properties such as viscosity of the stable liquid. Therefore, according to the present invention, it can be widely used for various methods using a constant solution.

The invention according to claim 8 is provided in at least one of a mud feeding pipe and a mud discharging pipe for transporting muddy water.
The characteristic measuring device according to claim 6, and the viscosity or yield value of the muddy water determined by the characteristic measuring device,
Control means for controlling the properties of the muddy water supplied to the shield chamber via the mud feed pipe.

According to the present invention, the properties of the mud flowing through the mud pipe or the mud pipe of the mud shield shield machine are accurately determined, and the viscosity of the mud supplied to the shield chamber is determined based on the measured value. Feedback control can be performed accurately.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring the viscosity of muddy water transported in a pipeline, wherein relational data representing a relationship among a differential pressure, a flow velocity and a viscosity of the muddy fluid flowing in the pipeline is measured in advance. A data collecting step of storing, and a measuring step of obtaining and outputting the viscosity of the mud flowing in the pipe using the relational data, and the data measuring step includes calculating a differential pressure of the mud in the pipe. And measuring the flow velocity of the muddy water, and comparing the measured flow velocity and differential pressure with the related data to determine the viscosity of the muddy water. It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately measure the viscosity of the muddy water flowing in the pipeline, similarly to the first aspect of the present invention.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect,
In the data collection step, the relationship between the differential pressure, the flow velocity and the viscosity of the mud flowing in the pipeline is measured, and the relationship between the differential pressure ΔP of the mud flowing in the pipeline and the ratio ΔP / V of the flow velocity V and the viscosity is measured. The data is stored, and in the data measurement step, the viscosity of the muddy water is obtained based on the ratio ΔP / V of the measured differential pressure and flow velocity and the related data stored in the storage means.

According to the tenth aspect, similarly to the second aspect, the viscosity of the muddy water flowing in the pipeline can be accurately obtained.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the data collection step according to any one of the ninth to tenth aspects, the relationship between the viscosity of the muddy water and the yield value is measured in advance and stored as a part of the relationship data. The data measuring step includes a step of calculating a yield value of the muddy water from the relational data based on the obtained viscosity of the muddy water.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the yield value of the muddy water flowing in the pipeline can be accurately obtained.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the ninth to eleventh aspects, in the data collection step, the relationship between the differential pressure, the flow velocity and the viscosity of the muddy water is determined from a flow velocity corresponding to a critical Reynolds number to a critical flow velocity. It is characterized in that it is obtained as data in a turbulent region between the two, and this data is stored as relational data.

According to the twelfth aspect, it is possible to more accurately determine the viscosity physical quantity of the mud in a turbulent flow region where the flow velocity of the mud is between the critical Reynolds number and the critical flow velocity.

[0044]

Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a specific example of the supply conduit 16 for the muddy water 100. As described above, for example, in the muddy water pressurization shield method or the stabilizing liquid method, the muddy water 100 used as the stabilizing liquid is supplied through the conduit 16. In such a construction method, it is desired to accurately measure the viscosity of the muddy water 100 supplied as a stable liquid in real time.

In order to perform such real-time measurement of viscosity, the present applicant has proposed a viscosity measurement system using a differential pressure of muddy water (Japanese Patent Application No. 2-74576).
issue). This proposal focuses on the fact that when a fluid flows through a pipeline, a pressure difference corresponding to the viscosity of the muddy water 100 is generated in the pipeline, and measures the viscosity of the fluid from this pressure difference. Experiments have demonstrated that the viscosity of the mud 100 flowing in the path 16 can be measured very accurately in real time.

The present inventor further researched and developed the viscosity measurement of the muddy water 100 after filing the application of the present invention. In the method of obtaining the viscosity from the pressure difference of the muddy water 100, the flow velocity V of the muddy water 100 is considered. As a result, it has been found that more accurate viscosity measurement is possible.

That is, the muddy water 100 flowing through the pipe 16
When the flow velocity of the muddy water does not change so much, its viscosity can be accurately measured only by the differential pressure of the muddy water 100. However, in recent years, rapid construction has been performed in order to increase the work efficiency of the construction, and when such a construction method is adopted, the flow velocity of the muddy water 100 flowing in the pipeline 16 often fluctuates remarkably. For example, when rapid construction is adopted at a muddy pressurized shield site, the excavation speed varies greatly depending on the type of ground to be excavated, and the flow velocity of the muddy water 100 flowing in the pipeline 16 increases accordingly. fluctuate. In such a case, the viscosity of the muddy water 100 cannot be accurately measured unless the change in the flow velocity V of the muddy water 100 is also taken into consideration.

For this reason, in this embodiment, the relationship between the differential pressure Δh and the flow velocity V of the mud flowing through the pipe 16 is measured in advance using the viscosity as a parameter, and the difference between the mud 100 flowing through the pipe 16 is measured. Data showing the correlation between the pressure ΔH, the flow velocity V, and the viscosity is prepared.

Thereafter, the differential pressure Δh and the flow velocity V of the muddy water 100 flowing in the pipeline 16 are actually measured, and the measured data is compared with the correlation data obtained in advance, thereby obtaining
Irrespective of the fluctuation of the flow rate of the muddy water 100, the viscosity can be automatically and accurately measured.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, the muddy water characteristic measuring system of the embodiment comprises a differential pressure measuring section 40 and a flow velocity measuring section 5.
0, a memory 74, and a viscosity calculation unit 76.

The differential pressure measuring section 40 includes at least two pressure measuring devices 42a and 42b and a differential pressure detecting section 44. As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure measuring units 42a and 42b are installed at a predetermined interval 1 (1 = 10 m in the embodiment) at a straight pipe portion of the pipe line 16, and the muddy water 100 is installed at each installation position. Measure the pressures Pa and Pb and detect the differential pressure
Output to 4

The differential pressure detecting section 44 obtains the differential pressure Δh of each of the measured pressures Pa and Pb input as described above from the following equation, and outputs it to the viscosity calculating section 76. Δh = Pa−Pb The flow rate measuring unit 50 is provided with the pressure measuring devices 42a and 42b.
Is attached to the conduit 16 near the installation of the
The flow velocity V of the muddy water 100 flowing through the inside is measured, and the viscosity
Output to The flow velocity measuring unit 50 may have various configurations as required.
A configuration similar to that of the application according to No. 74576, which measures the flow velocity using ultrasonic waves, is used.

The correlation data is stored in the memory 74. That is, using the differential pressure measurement unit 40 and the flow velocity measurement unit 50, data representing the correlation between the differential pressure Δh, the flow velocity V, and the viscosity of the muddy water 100 flowing in the pipeline 16 is measured in advance, and the correlation data obtained by the actual measurement is obtained. Is stored.

The following is stored in the memory 74 in advance.
The details of the correlation data of the differential pressure Δh, the flow velocity V, and the viscosity of the muddy water 100 will be described.

FIG. 3 shows that the system of the embodiment is mounted on a mud feed pipe at the pressurized mud shield site, and the flow velocity V of the muddy water 100 flowing in the pipeline 16 and the differential pressure Δh are set using the funnel viscosity FV as parameters. The measured values are shown. Here, the funnel viscosity is FV = 19.71 sec to FV
= 31.88 sec, the flow velocity V
And the pressure difference Δh at that time is actually measured. In the figure, T is a temperature.

As shown in the figure, FV = 19.71 sec.
Of the mud is approximated by a second order polynomial, FV = 21,
The characteristics of the mud from 98 sec to FV = 31.88 sec are as follows:
It is approximated by a linear expression. The substance of mud with FV = 19.71 is water, and its characteristics are completely different from those of mud with FV = 21.98 or more (solid particles suspended in liquid).
The flow of the muddy water 100 at FV = 21.98 to 31.88 sec is clearly the flow of Hagen Poiseuille.
In such a Hagen Poiseuille flow, the pressure loss Δh is generated due to the viscosity of the muddy water. Also, FV =
The pressure loss Δh of the flow of 19.71 sec seems to be almost due to inertial force.

As is well known, the flow in the mud transport pipe is turbulent. Critical Reynolds number Re changing from laminar to turbulent
In a slurry, Re = 1100-1200. Therefore, using the well-known Darcy-Wisebach equation and the Niklaze equation, the flow velocity when the slurry changes from laminar to turbulent is obtained for each funnel viscosity slurry as shown in FIG. , And critical Re. The flow in the pipe is considered to be laminar on the left side of this straight line, that is, on the side with the lower flow velocity, and turbulent on the right side with the higher flow velocity.

Further, in the case of a fluid having an FV of 21.98 sec or more, even in a turbulent flow area, until the flow velocity reaches a certain flow velocity (limit flow velocity), even if the flow velocity V is increased, a favorable (linear) approximate expression is obtained. Relationship is maintained. The higher the viscosity is, the larger the critical flow velocity is. Therefore, for the slurry having each funnel viscosity FV, the muddy water has a flow velocity range not less than the flow velocity corresponding to the critical Reynolds number and not more than the flow velocity (critical flow velocity) at the boundary where the approximate expression changes from the primary expression to the secondary expression. The flow velocity V and the differential pressure Δh are measured.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the flow velocity V of the muddy water 100 and the mud pumping differential pressure Δh within the flow velocity range between the flow velocity corresponding to the critical Reynolds number and the critical flow velocity for each muddy water of each funnel viscosity. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram in which ΔH / V values are plotted on the horizontal axis and funnel viscosity FV is plotted on the vertical axis using measured data and the measured data. As shown in the figure, the differential pressure Δh of the muddy water 100 and the flow velocity V
A linear correlation is established between the ratio Δh / V and the funnel viscosity FV. In the figure, the broken line has a reliability of 95%.
Indicates the range. In the present embodiment, the approximate expression data of FIG. 4 obtained by actual measurement in this way is stored in the memory 74 in advance.

The viscosity calculating section 76 calculates Δh /／ h based on the differential pressure Δh of the muddy water 100 input in real time from the differential pressure measuring section 40 and the flow velocity measuring section 50 and the flow velocity V.
The value of V is calculated and the funnel viscosity FV corresponding to this value is calculated.
Is read from the data shown in FIG. The funnel viscosity FV determined in this way is calculated using muddy water 1
Output as 00 viscosity data.

In this way, in the system of the embodiment, the viscosity of the muddy water 100 can be accurately measured as the funnel viscosity without being affected by the fluctuation of the flow velocity of the muddy water 100.

FIG. 5 shows a correlation between the funnel viscosity of the muddy water 100 measured by the system of the embodiment and the actual funnel viscosity of the muddy water 100. As shown in the figure, the funnel viscosity FV of the muddy water 100 measured using the system of the present embodiment has an error of about 1 sec from the actual funnel viscosity, and sufficient accuracy for practical use is obtained. Was confirmed.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the funnel viscosity FV of the muddy water 100 obtained by the system of the embodiment is fed back to the muddy water viscosity control circuit 80 so that the viscosity of the muddy water 100 can be accurately adjusted to a desired value. Feedback control.

In a measurement environment in which the flow velocity of the muddy water 100 flowing in the pipeline 16 often exceeds the above-mentioned limit flow velocity, a bypass pipe 17 is provided for the pipeline 16 as shown in FIG. The bypass pipe 17 may be designed so that the flow velocity of the muddy water 100 does not exceed the critical flow velocity. By mounting the system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 on the bypass pipe 17, even when the muddy water flow rate in the pipe line 16 exceeds the limit flow rate, the viscosity can be accurately measured. Becomes

In addition to the above-mentioned funnel viscosity FV, the management index of the muddy water 100 flowing through the pipe 16 is as follows.
The yield value of the muddy water 100 can also be employed. In the system of the present embodiment, the yield value can be obtained in real time from the measured viscosity of the muddy water 100.

The details will be described below.

Considering the flow characteristics of the mud, so-called mud such as mud in which solid particles are suspended in a liquid can be approximately regarded as a Bingham fluid.

FIG. 6 shows the flow characteristics of a Bingham fluid. The rheological equation of a Bingham fluid is given by: [tau] = [tau] _y + [mu] _B * D Here, [tau] _y is the yield force at the limit shear force at which flow starts. μ _B is the viscosity after the start of flow and is called plastic viscosity. D is a value representing the speed gradient, and is referred to as a shear speed.

FIG. 7 shows data obtained by measuring the relationship between the shear rate D and the flow characteristics for each muddy water having a different funnel viscosity FV.

FIG. 8 shows the muddy water 10 thus obtained.
The relationship between the funnel viscosity FV of 0 and the yield value is shown. As shown in the figure, a good correlation is established between the funnel viscosity and the yield value.

For this reason, in the system of the embodiment, data indicating the relationship between the funnel viscosity and the yield value as shown in FIG. 8 is stored in advance in the memory 74 shown in FIG. Based on the obtained funnel viscosity, a corresponding yield value of the muddy water 100 is determined and output. Thus, according to the system of the present embodiment, not only the viscosity of the muddy water 100 but also the yield value can be measured in real time and used as various management indexes of the muddy water.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a preferred example of the muddy shield excavation method to which the above-mentioned muddy water characteristic measuring system is applied. FIG. 9 shows the tip of a tunnel, and FIG. FIG.

The shield machine of the embodiment has a shield 10
Is provided at the front face of the partition wall 12, and a closed space isolated from the tunnel premises 24 is formed as a shield chamber 14 on the face 22 side of the partition wall 12.

The shield chamber 14 is provided with the mud pipe 1
6 and a muddy water treatment plant 30 provided outside the tunnel via the mud pipe 18. The muddy water treatment plant 30 and other components are controlled by a central control unit 32.

Then, from the muddy water treatment plant 30,
The muddy water 100 sent out using the mud pump P ₁ is supplied to the shield chamber 14 via a mud pipe 16.

At this time, a viscosity control device 60 is provided in the mud feeding pipe 16 so that the muddy water 100 functions sufficiently as a stabilizing liquid. The viscosity control device 60 includes a thickener supply device 62, a pump 64, and a mixer 66.

The thickener supply device 62 is formed as a thickener tank filled with an additive mainly composed of, for example, bentonite fine powder, and the thickener filled in this tank is mixed by a pump 64 with a mixer. 66. At this time, the supply amount of the thickener is set to a desired amount by controlling the pump 64.

The mixer 66 is connected in series with the mud feed pipe 16, and stirs and mixes the thickener supplied by using the pump 64 with the muddy water 100 to output. In this embodiment, the mixer 66 has a plate twisted 180 degrees inside and arranged so as to be alternately twisted left and right.
It is formed as a pipe structure arranged to cross at 0 degrees. The muddy water passing through the pipe is divided into two by each plate, and the plate is twisted by the torsion of the plate to be completely mixed with the supplied thickener. As such a mixer, specifically, a static mixer manufactured by Noritake Co., Ltd. or the like can be used.

The shield excavator drives the rotary cutter 20 to rotate by a driving device (not shown),
Do excavation. At this time, the shaved earth and sand is taken into the shield chamber 14, is stirred with the muddy water 100 functioning as a stabilizing liquid, and is slurried. The slurry mud flows into the drainage pipe 18 and further flows through the drainage pipe 18 toward the muddy water treatment plant 30 by the action of the drainage pumps P ₂ , P ₃ , and P ₄ .

At this time, in the slurry muddy water 100, the sediment particles are surrounded by the stabilizing liquid, the ionization thereof is prevented, and the specific gravity is kept low. For this reason, the earth and sand particles flow smoothly in the sludge pipe 18 without causing precipitation, clogging, and the like.

What is important here is that the mud 100 supplied to the shield chamber 14 through the mud pipe 16 is
Is maintained at such a value as to sufficiently function as a stabilizer.

For this reason, in the present embodiment, the mud pipe 1
6, the muddy water characteristic measuring system of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is attached to measure the funnel viscosity and the yield value of the muddy water 100 supplied to the shield chamber 14.

In this embodiment, the memory 7 shown in FIG.
4. The viscosity calculation unit 76 and the viscosity control circuit 80 are provided in the central control unit 32 shown in FIG. 2, and the viscosity control device 60 is feedback-controlled based on the control signal of the viscosity control circuit 80, and the muddy water 100 Is controlled to function sufficiently as a stabilizer.

In this embodiment, the pressure measuring device 4 described above is used.
2. The flow velocity measuring unit 50 and the viscosity control device 60 are configured as a control unit 200 as shown by a dashed line in FIG.
It is mounted on a trolley 26 that can move above. In the control unit 200, telescopic pipes 34 and 36 whose lengths can be adjusted are connected in series to the mud feeding pipe 16 and the mud discharging pipe 18.

Then, as the shield machine moves leftward in FIG. 9 while excavating the face 22, the bogie 26 also moves leftward in the figure, and the control unit 200 always keeps within a certain distance with respect to the shield chamber 14. It is configured to be located. Thus, it is possible to always respond quickly to the change in the viscosity of the muddy water 100 in the shield chamber 14 and to perform feedback control of the viscosity.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

For example, the system shown in FIG. 2 may be provided with a temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of muddy water flowing in the pipeline, and the viscosity calculating unit 76 may correct the obtained funnel viscosity and yield value by temperature. Good.

[0089]

As described above, according to the present invention,
There is an effect that it is possible to obtain a muddy fluid characteristic measuring apparatus and method capable of accurately and automatically measuring the viscosity or yield value of the muddy fluid flowing in the pipeline without being affected by the flow velocity of the muddy fluid.

[0090]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic explanatory view of a stabilizing liquid supply pipe to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 1B is provided with a bypass flow path in the stabilizing liquid supply pipe, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing in the case of applying the system of this invention to a flow path.

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the muddy water characteristic measuring device of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram when the flow rate and differential pressure of muddy water are measured using funnel viscosity as a parameter.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of muddy water with the ratio of the differential pressure and the flow velocity of the muddy water taken along the horizontal axis and the funnel viscosity taken along the vertical axis.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a correspondence relationship between a funnel viscosity measured using the system of the example and an actual funnel viscosity.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a Bingham fluid.

FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram when the flow characteristics of the muddy water are measured while changing the funnel viscosity.

FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a funnel viscosity and a yield value.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a muddy water shield excavation system to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 10 is an overall explanatory diagram of the system shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional muddy water characteristic measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 16 Pipe line 40 Differential pressure measuring unit 42a, 42b Pressure measuring device 44 Differential pressure detecting unit 50 Flow rate measuring unit 60 Viscosity control device 70 Viscosity calculation unit 72 Memory 80 Viscosity control circuit 100 Muddy water

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tsutsuyasu Goto 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Masakazu Hirose 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seishi Takamori 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoichi Matsuda 1-7-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Toda Construction Co., Ltd. In-company (56) References JP-A-4-146396 (JP, A) JP-A-4-147034 (JP, A) JP-A-4-209294 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. . ^7, DB name) E21D 9/06 301

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. An apparatus for measuring the viscosity of mud transported in a pipeline, wherein the differential pressure measuring means measures the differential pressure of the mud as a pressure difference at at least two points in the pipeline. Flow velocity measuring means for measuring the flow velocity of the mud in the pipeline; storage means for storing a relationship between the differential pressure of the mud flowing in the pipeline, the flow velocity and the viscosity determined in advance by measurement; collates the pressure difference, the stored data of said storage means includes a calculating means for obtaining the mud viscosity, and the storage unit, the difference between the mud flowing through the duct obtained in advance by measurement
Record the relationship data between the pressure Δh, the ratio Δh / V of the flow velocity V and the viscosity.
The calculating means is configured to store the ratio of the measured differential pressure and the flow velocity Δh / V and the storage means.
Of muddy water viscosity based on relational data stored in memory
A characteristic measuring device for muddy water, characterized in that it is formed as follows . 2. The storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit is formed in advance so as to store relation data between the viscosity of the mud and the yield value, and the calculating unit is configured to store the data based on the determined viscosity of the mud. A fluid characteristic measuring device formed to determine a yield value of the fluid from the data of the fluid. 3. The muddy water characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity is a funnel viscosity. 4. The storage device according to claim 1, wherein the storage means stores a relationship between the differential pressure, the flow velocity and the viscosity of the muddy water in a turbulent flow area between a flow velocity corresponding to a critical Reynolds number and a critical flow velocity. A characteristic measuring device for muddy water, characterized in that the characteristic data is obtained as data obtained in the above and stored. 5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: a muddy water bypass unit provided in the pipe line, wherein the muddy water flows at a flow rate equal to or lower than a critical flow velocity. A muddy water characteristic measuring device installed in the muddy water bypass means. 6. The characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, which is installed in a pipeline for transporting a stable liquid, and the viscosity or the yield value of the muddy water determined by the characteristic measuring device. A control device for a stabilizing liquid, comprising: control means for controlling properties of the stabilizing liquid. 7. The characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, which is installed in at least one of a mud pipe and a mud pipe for transporting the mud, and the viscosity of the mud determined by the characteristic measuring device. Or a control means for controlling a property of the mud supplied to the shield chamber via the mud pipe based on a yield value. 8. A method for measuring the viscosity of mud transported in a pipeline, comprising: a data collection step of measuring and storing relational data representing a relationship among a differential pressure, a flow velocity and a viscosity of the mud flowing through the pipeline in advance. A data measurement step of obtaining and outputting the viscosity of the mud flowing in the pipe using the relational data, and wherein the data collecting step includes a relation between a differential pressure of the mud flowing in the pipe, a flow rate, and a viscosity.
And the differential pressure Δh of the muddy water flowing in the pipeline and the flow velocity V
The data measurement step measures the differential pressure of the mud as a pressure difference at at least two points in the pipeline and determines the flow rate of the mud. The measuring step, the measured flow velocity and differential pressure are compared with the related data,
Determining the viscosity of the muddy water , wherein the step of determining the viscosity of the muddy water includes a ratio Δh / V of the measured differential pressure and flow velocity, and the storage means
Of muddy water viscosity based on relational data stored in memory
A method for measuring characteristics of muddy water, characterized in that: 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, in the data collecting step, a relationship between the viscosity of the muddy water and the yield value is measured in advance and stored as a part of the relational data. A method for measuring characteristics of muddy water, comprising a step of obtaining a yield value of muddy water from the relational data based on viscosity. 10. The data collection step according to claim 8, wherein the relation between the differential pressure, flow velocity and viscosity of the mud is determined in a turbulent flow region between a flow velocity corresponding to a critical Reynolds number and a critical flow velocity. A method for measuring characteristics of muddy water, wherein the characteristic data is obtained as related data, and this data is stored as related data.