JP3099269B2 - Composting device and method of stirring organic waste in composting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a composting apparatus and a method for stirring organic waste in the composting apparatus. More specifically, by preventing fermentation heat of microorganisms from accumulating inside the device, the temperature does not become high, so that indigenous microorganisms that are not particularly expensive to obtain can be used, and compost can be manufactured inexpensively. The present invention relates to a product that can be manufactured and can have improved durability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many organic waste composting apparatuses using microorganisms have been proposed. Conventional such composting apparatus, the organic wastes such as pomace and garbage of shochu was put into the tank, after an appropriate amount inoculated microorganism, which was 攪拌by 攪拌device, transpiration by fermentation heat It is a structure that composts while discharging the water that flows out of the tank. Commercially available microorganisms such as actinomycetes and thermophiles are used in this composting device, and the temperature inside the device during fermentation can reach several hundred degrees Celsius due to the accumulation of fermentation heat of the microorganism.

[0003]

However, a composting apparatus using the above-mentioned microorganism has the following problems. That is, the composting device has increased heat resistance because the temperature inside the device reaches several hundred degrees centigrade due to heat of fermentation by microorganisms, but the device becomes expensive.
Further, even if the heat resistance is enhanced, it is undeniable that there is a problem in durability due to severe damage when used for a long time.

[0004] In addition, microorganisms used in conventional composting devices are relatively expensive, and the economic burden is large if they are purchased continuously. By the way, microorganisms called indigenous microorganisms that inhabit general soil are also dead bodies of organisms in nature,
It decomposes organic matter such as plants and composts. If the indigenous microorganisms can be used in a composting device, it is not necessary to purchase the microorganisms separately, so that compost can be produced at low cost. However, although the indigenous microorganisms are active up to about 60 ° C., they become dormant when the temperature becomes higher than that, and die at about 100 ° C. For this reason, for example, when this indigenous microorganism is used in a conventional composting device, if the temperature inside the device becomes high due to fermentation heat, the device will die and fermentation and composting will not be possible.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, so that even if the heat of fermentation of microorganisms accumulates inside the apparatus, the temperature does not become high, so that indigenous microorganisms, which are not particularly expensive to obtain, can be used. Composting equipment and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for stirring organic waste in a composting device . Also, by preventing the device from becoming hot, it is not necessary to use expensive materials that can withstand high temperatures as in conventional devices, so that the device can be manufactured at low cost and durability can be improved. Composting equipment and agitation of organic waste in composting equipment
The aim is to provide a method .

[0006]

Means of the present invention taken to achieve the above object are as follows. In the first invention, there is provided a composting apparatus for composting organic wastes, and 攪拌apparatus having a 攪拌槽and 攪拌羽roots, pressurized warming the interior of the 攪拌槽temperature a device, and a decompression device for decompressing the inside of the 攪拌槽, a liquefier for liquefying the steam contained in the vessel within the air sucked by said vacuum device comprises a, the 攪拌apparatus, the rotation shaft equipped with a 攪拌羽roots and,
The 攪拌羽root has a plurality of vanes of the sectional shape parallelogram and a triangle on the rotating shaft, the blade body, take-out City of the agitating tank of organic waste when the rotating shaft is rotated in one direction
This is a composting device characterized by being arranged so as to be stirred while being moved to the mouth side , and to be stirred without moving the organic waste to the outlet side when the rotating shaft rotates in the other direction. .

[0007] In the second invention, there is provided a composting apparatus for composting organic wastes, comprising a 攪拌槽and 攪拌羽roots
And 攪拌device, a heating device for heating the interior of the 攪拌槽,
A decompressor for decompressing the inside of the 攪拌槽, a liquefier for liquefying the steam contained in the vessel within the air sucked by said vacuum device comprises a, the stirring blade, the rotating shaft
Provided cross-sectional shape Parallelogram wing body and cross-sectional shape
Triangular wing body, composed of triangular wings
The body is oriented with the top side in the direction of the axis of rotation and the bottom side
By intersecting with the direction,
The inclined surface on the side is the feed surface, and the cross-sectional shape is a parallelogram
The blade body of the two parallel feed surfaces and the axis direction of the rotation axis
Arranged by intersecting with an inclination, thereby, the rotation shaft
If the wing rotates in one direction, the parallelogram wing
The feed surfaces of the root body and the triangular blade
Tilt in the same direction, while the rotation axis rotates in the other direction
Has a parallelogram-shaped wing body and a cross-sectional triangle.
The feed surfaces of the blades are configured to incline in opposite directions
Are, the blade body is moved organic waste when the rotating shaft is rotated in one direction to the outlet side of the agitating tank left
The composting device is characterized in that the composting device is arranged so that the organic waste is stirred without moving to the outlet side when the rotating shaft rotates in the other direction.

[0008] In the third invention, characterized in that the stirring blade of the stirring device is provided with a heating means, first addition
Is a composting device according to the second invention.

[0009] In the fourth aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of stirring the organic waste in composting apparatus equipped with a stirrer, 攪 <br/>拌device is provided with a rotary shaft and 攪拌羽roots , the 攪拌羽roots the times the cross-sectional shape of the sail body of a parallelogram and a triangle
A plurality of blades are provided on the axis of rotation, and the blade body moves organic waste toward the outlet of the stirring tank when the axis of rotation rotates in one direction.
When the rotating shaft rotates in the other direction, the organic waste is stirred without moving to the outlet side .
Characterized in that as that, a method of stirring the organic waste in composting device.

[0010] In composting apparatus (work for) the present invention, first, organic wastes such as raw garbage inside the 攪拌槽are suitable amount charged, this indigenous microorganisms are suitable amount inoculation. Internal temperature of 攪拌槽by warming device,
The temperature is set to a temperature at which indigenous microorganisms can be activated (generally, 70 ° C. is an upper limit).

[0011] Mixtures of organic waste and indigenous microorganisms inside the 攪拌槽is 攪拌by 攪拌羽roots in a bath, the fermentation of organic waste begins by activity indigenous microorganisms. Also, internal 攪拌槽is depressurized by the pressure reducing device. Note that this pressure reduction is such that the boiling point of water contained in the organic waste in the tank is 6 ° C.
It is performed so that the temperature becomes about 0 ° C.

[0012] Fermentation of organic waste in 攪拌槽proceeds, the temperature rises by the heat of fermentation, boiling to reach 60 ° C., the boiling point, begin to evaporate. Moreover, fermentation heat is changed to sequentially heat of vaporization at boiling point, since almost no accumulation of presence of water in the 攪拌槽, 攪拌槽internal temperature does not rise temperature under 60 ℃ the boiling point. Therefore, the temperature in the 攪拌槽the indigenous microorganisms are maintained in the active temperature capable. And the water contained in the organic waste during fermentation becomes steam,
This vapor is discharged directly to the outside of the tank by suction of the air in the tank by the decompression device, or liquefied by the liquefaction device and discharged together with the air. The drainage of water promotes the fermentation of organic waste, and composts in a short time.

[0013] Thus, by reducing the pressure inside the 攪拌槽, can reduce the boiling point of moisture inside, since fermentation heat accumulated changes to heat of vaporization at a temperature of about 60 ° C.,
The temperature in the tank is maintained at a temperature of about 60 ° C. at which indigenous microorganisms can act. Therefore, it is possible to use indigenous microorganisms that operate at a relatively low temperature and die at a high temperature in a composting device, and to produce inexpensive compost by using indigenous microorganisms that are inexpensive to obtain. Can be.

Further, since the temperature of 攪拌槽does not become hot, 攪拌槽like, deterioration due to heat hardly occurs in each section, and durability is improved. Further, since it is not necessary to use an expensive heat-resistant material, the manufacturing cost of the apparatus can be reduced.

When the rotating shaft of the stirring device rotates in one direction, the organic waste is moved to the outlet of the stirring tank.
When the rotating shaft rotates in the other direction, the organic waste is stirred without being moved to the outlet side , so that the rotating shaft is rotated in one direction to dispose of the organic waste. The movement of the organic waste can be controlled by the rotation direction, such as by feeding the material to the discharge side and rotating the rotating shaft in the other direction to stir the organic waste.

When the stirring blade of the stirring device is provided with a heating means, it is possible to heat the inside of the stirring tank more effectively and quickly.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the composting device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the composting device shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a right side view of the composting device shown in FIG.
Figure 4 is 攪拌槽and 攪拌羽main portion explanatory view cross-section a part of the structure of the root, Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the combination of the inclination of the feeding surface of 攪拌羽roots, 6 are provided in the outlet 1A and 1B show a structure of a certain sealing device, wherein FIG. 1A is a side view and FIG.

Reference numeral M denotes a composting device, which is mounted on a pedestal 9 formed of an H class. Composting apparatus M includes a 攪拌apparatus 1, the heating device 2, the vacuum pump 3 is a vacuum device
And a liquefaction device 4. 攪拌apparatus 1 is provided with a 攪拌槽10 of cylindrical end portions is blocked. 攪拌槽1
0 is fixed horizontally. The outer peripheral portion of 攪拌槽10, steam passage 20 constituting the heating device 2 (see FIG. 4) is formed. Steam passage 20, is provided with so as to surround the outer periphery of 攪拌槽10 spirally 攪拌槽10
An inlet connection pipe 21 and a discharge connection pipe 22 are provided at the front and rear ends of the steam passage 20 corresponding to the upper part of the pipe. Incidentally, on the bottom side of the 攪拌槽10 of the steam passage 20, it is drain 23 is provided in four places.

[0019] At the top of 攪拌槽10, through tubes 11, 12 and 13 leading to the interior of 攪拌槽10 through the steam passage 20
Are juxtaposed in three places. The passage on the left side in FIG. 1 serves as a connecting portion connected to the liquefaction apparatus 4 as described later. In addition, the right communication pipe 13 is provided with a lid 130 having a hopper function, and serves as an input section for organic waste. The central pipe 12 is a spare for coping with a design change, and is usually closed by a lid 120.

[0020] At both ends of 攪拌槽10, circular end plates 14 and 15 are provided as described above. End plates 14, 1
5 are provided with bearing devices 140 and 150 in the center. Each of the bearing devices 140 and 150 has a tubular rotary shaft 16 that extends through the end plates 14 and 15. An inlet connection pipe 160 and a discharge connection pipe 161 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 16. A driven sprocket 162 is provided on the left side of the rotary shaft 16 in FIG.

[0021] rotary shaft 16, are 攪拌羽roots 17 provided in ten at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction. 攪拌羽root 17
Has a slightly shorter vent tube 170 than the inner diameter of 攪拌槽10. Each of the ventilation pipes 170 is attached so as to penetrate through the rotary shaft 16, and has a hollow body 1 at one end thereof.
71a and 171b . The inside of the ventilation pipe 170 is communicated with the inside of the rotary shaft 16 so as to be able to ventilate.
Similarly, the insides of 71a and 171b communicate with the inside of the ventilation pipe 170 so as to be able to ventilate.

Referring to FIG. 5, blade bodies 171a, 171b
Is described (for convenience of description, FIG. 5, are actually sail body 171 a in the different positions in the circumferential direction, the 171b represents collinear). The sail body, Ru cross section sail body 171a and parallelogram sail body 171b triangular <br/> Oh. Except for the blade bodies 171a and the blade bodies 171b at both ends, they are alternately arranged in the direction of the rotating shaft 16 .
That is, the feed surface 172 of the upper side in FIG. 5 to the right
It becomes a parallel surface inclined downward toward the lower feed surface 1
73 is a zigzag surface . When the rotating shaft 16 rotates in the direction A, the organic waste is discharged in the direction a (on the discharge side).
When the rotating shaft 16 rotates in the direction B, the organic waste does not substantially move in the direction a . Thus, the rotary shaft 16 is rotated in the A direction feed of organic waste to the discharge side, to rotate the rotary shaft 16 in the B direction equal to 攪拌organic wastes, the movement of the organic waste by the direction of rotation Can be controlled.

Referring to FIGS. 6A and 6B. 攪拌槽1
In the lower part of the right end plate 14 in FIG. 1 of FIG. 0, there is provided a circular take-out port 18 for taking out the compost made in the tank. A sealing device 19 is provided outside the outlet 18. The sealing device 19 is provided with a sealing lid 190 corresponding to the edge of the outlet 18 for sealing the outlet. The sealing lid 190 is provided with a transition body 192 that advances and retreats along a guide 191.
It is attached to. The transition body 192 is adapted to turn a screw rod 194 provided with a handle 193 to advance and retreat. The sealing lid 190 is used to ferment organic waste.
Blocked when depressurizing the inside of 攪拌槽10, it is opened when discharging can compost.

[0024] At the top of 攪拌槽10, liquefier 4 the discharge side (right side in FIG. 1) is fixed in an inclined so slightly lower. The liquefaction apparatus 4 has a known structure in which a large number of pipes are arranged in parallel inside a cylindrical body whose both ends are closed, and cooling water is circulated through gaps between the pipes. Things. Passing pipe 11 connecting pipe 110 which is derived from the 攪拌槽10 Yes coupled to one end side of the liquefier 4 communicates with the interior of the pipe. The discharge pipe 41 connected to the liquefaction apparatus 4 is
Is connected to the suction side of the vacuum pump 3 are juxtaposed with 攪拌槽10.

[0025] At the top of 攪拌槽10, steam generator 24 constituting the heating device 2 (see FIG. 2) is disposed.
The steam generator 24 and the introduction connection pipe 21 are connected by a connection pipe 25. Further, the discharge connection pipe 22 and the introduction connection pipe 160 of the rotary shaft 16 are connected by a connection pipe 26. Further, the exhaust connecting pipe 161 Yes connects the discharge pipe 27, discharge pipe 27 is extended above the drain 23 are joined connection downward 攪拌槽10.

[0026] base 9, the drive motor 7 with a speed reducer is provided alongside 攪拌槽10. A drive sprocket 70 is attached to the rotation shaft of the drive motor 7. A chain 71 is wound between the driving sprocket 70 and a driven sprocket 162 provided on the rotary shaft 16.

(Operation) The operation of the composting apparatus M of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Garbage is organic waste is suitable amount introduced into the interior of 攪拌槽10 from Tsukan 13. Then, the organic waste is inoculated with an appropriate amount of indigenous microorganisms. As the indigenous organisms, home-grown organisms obtained by culturing those that inhabit the soil such as fields can be used, and there is no cost to obtain them. Steam generator 2
4, steam is sent through the connecting pipe 25, and the inlet connecting pipe 21
From the steam passage 20. Internal 攪拌槽10, is warmed by the steam passing through the steam passage 20.

The steam discharged from the discharge connection pipe 22 passes through the connection pipe 26 and is introduced from the introduction connection pipe 160 into the inside of the rotary shaft 16. Steam in the rotary shaft 16 over went to the interior of 攪拌羽roots 17, to heat the interior of 攪拌槽10. The steam discharged from the discharge connection pipe 161 passes through the discharge pipe 27,
The water is discharged together with the water drops falling from the drain 23.

On the other hand, the rotary shaft 16 is rotated by the operation of the drive motor 7, garbage by 攪拌羽roots 17 are 攪拌. As a result, garbage and indigenous microorganisms inside of 攪拌槽10 are mixed, fermentation of food waste is initiated by the activities of the indigenous microorganisms. Also, inside the 攪拌槽10 is depressurized by the vacuum pump 3. The reduced pressure is carried out as the boiling point of water in the 攪拌槽10 reaches about 60 ° C. (in practice be reduced to a state nearly vacuum). The vacuum pump 3
The air in the tank sucked by is passed from the connecting pipe 110 to the liquefaction apparatus 4. The air in the tank contains steam generated by fermentation heat, which will be described later. This steam is liquefied by the liquefaction device 4 to perform gas-liquid separation, and the water is sucked and discharged by the vacuum pump 3 together with the gas.

The progress in garbage fermentation 攪拌槽10, the temperature is raised by the heat of fermentation, boiling to reach 60 ° C., the boiling point, begin to evaporate. Moreover, fermentation heat is changed to sequentially heat of vaporization at boiling point, since almost no accumulation of the presence of water in 攪拌槽10, the temperature inside 攪拌槽10 does not rise in temperature under 60 ℃ the boiling point. Therefore, the temperature of 攪拌槽10 are indigenous microorganisms are maintained in the active temperature capable. Thus, the moisture contained in the garbage being fermented is discharged out of the tank by the vacuum pump 3. Thereby, fermentation of garbage is promoted, and composting is performed in a short time. Furthermore, to recover the water discharged from the vacuum pump 3 (as vapor contained in the vessel in the air is liquefied), returning vaporized by evapotranspiration device such as a cooling tower, a left things into the interior of 攪拌槽10 Compost It is also possible to perform an operation to convert the data.

The terms and expressions used in the present specification are for explanation only, are not restrictive, and do not exclude the terms and expressions equivalent to the above-mentioned terms and expressions. Further, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea.

[0032]

The present invention has the above configuration and has the following effects. (A) composting apparatus of the present invention, by reducing the pressure inside the 攪拌槽, can reduce the boiling point of the moisture inside the fermentation heat accumulated changes to heat of vaporization at a temperature of about 60 ° C.,
The temperature in the tank is maintained at a temperature at which indigenous microorganisms can operate. Therefore, it is possible to use indigenous microorganisms that operate at a relatively low temperature and die at a high temperature in a composting device, and to produce inexpensive compost by using indigenous microorganisms that are inexpensive to obtain. Can be.

[0033] (b) the temperature of 攪拌槽does not become hot, 攪拌槽like, deterioration due to heat hardly occurs in each section, and durability is improved. Further, since it is not necessary to use an expensive heat-resistant material, the manufacturing cost of the apparatus can be reduced.

(C) When the rotating shaft of the stirring device rotates in one direction, the organic waste is moved to the outlet side of the stirring tank.
When the rotating shaft rotates in the other direction, the organic waste is stirred without being moved to the outlet side , so that the rotating shaft is rotated in one direction to dispose of the organic waste. The movement of the organic waste can be controlled by the rotation direction, such as by feeding the material to the discharge side and rotating the rotating shaft in the other direction to stir the organic waste.

The (d) The 攪拌shall have a heating means to 攪拌羽roots device may effective and rapid heating by the time of heating the interior of 攪拌槽.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a composting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the composting apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the composting apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a main part in which a part of a structure of a stirring tank and a stirring blade is sectioned.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a combination of inclinations of a feed surface of a stirring blade.

FIG. 6 shows the structure of a sealing device provided at an outlet,
(A) is a side view, (b) is a plan view.

[Explanation of symbols]

M Composting device 1 Stirring device 10 Stirring tank 11, 12, 13 Through pipe 110 Connecting pipe 120, 130 Cover 14, 15 End plate 140, 150 Bearing device 16 Rotating shaft 160 Rotating shaft 161 Discharge connecting tube 162 Driven sprocket 17 Stirring blade 170 Ventilation pipe 171a Blade body 171b having a triangular cross section 171b , 173 and 173 having a parallelogram cross section. Passage 21 introduction connection pipe 22 discharge connection pipe 23 drain 24 steam generator 25 connection pipe 26 connection pipe 27 discharge pipe 3 vacuum pump 4 liquefier 41 discharge pipe 7 drive motor 70 sprocket 71 chain 9 pedestal

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-8-290155 (JP, A) JP-A-8-301678 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C05F 1 / 00-17/02 B09B 3/00 B01F 7/00-7/32

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A organic waste composting device for composting, 攪拌apparatus having a 攪拌槽(10) and 攪拌羽root (17) and (1), the 攪拌槽(10) the interior and warming to heating device (2), a decompressor for decompressing the inside of the 攪拌槽(10), liquefier for liquefying the steam contained in the vessel within the air sucked by the vacuum device ( 4 and) has a said 攪拌device (1) is provided with a rotary shaft (16) and 攪拌羽root (17), the 攪拌羽roots (17) are cross-sectional shape parallelogram And a plurality of triangular blades (171a, 171b) on the rotation axis (16) .The blades (171a, 171b) are organic when the rotation axis (16) rotates in one direction. The waste is agitated while moving to the outlet (18) side of the stirring tank (10), and when the rotating shaft (16) rotates in the other direction, the organic waste is directed to the outlet (18) side . be characterized in that is arranged to be agitated without moving make <br/> that Composting equipment. 2. A method organic waste to a composting device for composting, 攪拌apparatus having a 攪拌槽(10) and 攪拌羽root (17) and (1), the 攪拌槽(10) the interior and warming to heating device (2), a decompressor for decompressing the inside of the 攪拌槽(10), liquefier for liquefying the steam contained in the vessel within the air sucked by the vacuum device ( 4) and wherein the stirring blade (17) has a cross section provided on the rotating shaft (16).
Parallelogram shaped wing (171b) and triangular shaped wing
Body (171a), and a wing body (171a) having a triangular cross section has a rotation axis (16) on the vertex side.
And the bottom side is crossed with the axial direction.
It allows both sides of the inclined surface feeding surface across an axis (1
72,173), and the parallelogram-shaped blade body (171b) has two parallel
Surface (172,173) with the axis direction of the rotation axis (16) and the inclination
It is arranged crosswise, so that when the rotation axis (16) rotates in one direction, the cross-sectional shape is parallel
A quadrilateral wing (171b) and a triangular wing (171b)
The feed surfaces (172) of a) are inclined in the same direction as each other, while the cross-sectional shape is formed when the rotation shaft (16) rotates in the other direction.
Parallelogram shaped wing (171b) and triangular shaped wing
The feed surfaces (173) of (171a) are inclined in opposite directions.
When the rotating shaft (16) rotates in one direction, the blades (171a, 171b) move the organic waste toward the outlet (18) of the stirring tank (10). While the rotating shaft (16) rotates in the other direction, the organic waste is arranged to be stirred without moving to the outlet (18) side . , Composting equipment. 3., characterized in that the stirring blade of the stirring device (1) (17) is provided with a heating means, composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 wherein. 4. A method of stirring the organic waste in composting apparatus equipped with a stirrer, 攪拌device (1) is provided with the rotary shaft (16) and 攪拌羽root (17), the 攪拌羽roots (17), the blade body cross section parallelogram and triangle (171a, 171b) has a plurality on the rotating shaft (16), the blade body (171a, 171b) is a rotary shaft ( When (16) rotates in one direction, the organic waste is stirred while moving to the outlet (18) side of the stirring tank (10), and when the rotating shaft (16) rotates in the other direction, the organic waste is discharged. stirring method of the object to be characterized in that so as to stir without <br/> to make moving to the outlet (18) side, the organic waste in composting device.