JP3095661B2 - Method for detecting and preventing contact vibration of turbine rotor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for detecting and preventing contact vibration of a turbine rotor in a steam or gas turbine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional method for detecting contact vibration of a turbine rotor in a steam turbine or a gas turbine. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cabin having a turbine rotor, and 2 denotes a vibrometer arranged at each location of the rotor 1. Reference numeral 8 denotes shaft vibration measurement data obtained by measuring with the vibrometer 1, and reference numeral 12 denotes auditory sensation data of the observer obtained by auditory sensation using the auditory rod 14. Based on these data, the presence / absence determination 13 is performed.

[0003] In a rotor of a steam turbine or a gas turbine, abnormal vibration may occur due to contact between a rotating part (rotor) and a stationary part (seal fin, etc.). As shown by, the judgment was made only from the shaft vibration measurement data 8 obtained from the vibration meter 1 and the auditor's audibility data 12 obtained from the hearing stick 14 and was judged to be abnormal.

[0004]

In order to improve the performance of a steam turbine or a gas turbine, the clearance between a rotating part (rotor) and a stationary part (such as seal fins) is reduced as much as possible. May come into contact with each other, causing abnormal vibration due to rubbing.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 4 described above, the presence / absence of contact between the rotating part and the stationary part is determined only from the shaft vibration measurement data 8 and the audibility data 12, so that if an abnormal vibration occurs, 1) whether the vibration is vibration due to contact or vibration due to other causes, (2) in the case of contact vibration, where the vibration is in contact, (3) what processing is required to eliminate the contact vibration, There was no way to judge online while driving. For this reason, when contact vibration occurred, the turbine had to be stopped and a release check had to be performed.

[0006]

According to the present invention, in order to solve such a problem, contact vibration data at each measurement position in the axial direction of the turbine rotor and clearance analysis data at each measurement position are previously stored in an arithmetic unit. Inputting; importing the shaft vibration data during operation and its operation conditions into a computing unit; comparing the two analysis data with the shaft vibration data during operation to determine the presence / absence of contact vibration, and that there is contact vibration In this case, a signal for changing the temperature of the passenger compartment is output; the signal is used to control the clearance by changing the temperature of the passenger compartment to eliminate the contact vibration.

Namely, the present invention is the seal fins turbine rotor during rotation, the contact vibration analysis data and the case where the contact occurs at each measurement position in the axial direction between the stationary portion and the rotating portion equal the Clearance analysis data that defines a relationship in which the clearance between the rotating part and the stationary part at the measurement position changes depending on the operating state amount such as temperature is input to the calculation unit in advance; measurement was performed at each measurement position. The shaft vibration measurement data during operation and the operation conditions at that time are taken into the calculation unit; the coaxial vibration measurement data under the same operation conditions is compared with the contact vibration analysis data and the clearance analysis data to determine the contact position and the contact strength. Is estimated, and further, the clearance of each part under the driving conditions at that time is estimated, and it is determined whether or not contact has occurred based on the estimation result. Outputting a signal that changes the temperature of the cabin near the contact position by heating or cooling; eliminating the contact vibration by controlling the clearance by the temperature change of the cabin. A method for detecting and preventing contact vibration is provided.

[0008]

According to the present invention, by such means, the operating conditions such as the shaft vibration measurement data of the operating turbine rotor and the temperature at that time are taken into the arithmetic section. The calculation unit receives contact vibration analysis data that has been subjected to simulation analysis in advance for changes in shaft vibration when the measurement position of the turbine rotor that may contact the stationary unit comes into contact.
The presence or absence of a contact is determined by comparing the shaft vibration measurement data at the time of occurrence of abnormal vibration with the contact vibration analysis data online. When there is a contact, the contact position and the contact strength are estimated by this collation. Further, since the clearance analysis data is input in advance to the calculation unit,
Based on the operating conditions at that time and the clearance analysis data, the clearance of the actual machine under the operating conditions such as the temperature is estimated together to improve the estimation accuracy of the contact position.

If the contact position can be specified, the arithmetic unit outputs a signal to change the temperature of the vehicle compartment, and receives this signal,
For example, heating steam or cooling air is supplied to the cabin through a pipe or the like so as to maintain the temperature, and the temperature of the cabin is controlled so as to widen the clearance at the contact position to eliminate the contact vibration.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration for implementing a method for detecting and preventing contact vibration of a turbine rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a function thereof. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a vehicle compartment having a turbine rotor, 2 denotes a vibrometer arranged at each position of the turbine rotor, 3 denotes a personal computer, 4 denotes a controller, and 5 denotes a controller which is controlled by a controller 4. A valve for flowing the cooling air 21, a pipe 6 for flowing the heating steam or the cooling air from the valve 5 to various parts of the vehicle compartment 1, and a rotation pulse meter 7 for detecting the rotation speed of the turbine rotor.

Reference numeral 8 denotes shaft vibration measurement data which is taken into the personal computer 3 by the signals of the vibration meter 2 and the rotation pulse meter 7 and stored therein. The frequency is stored.

9 is a contact vibration analysis result (database),
10 is a clearance analysis result (database),
As shown in Fig. 3, these databases perform simulation analysis in advance on changes in shaft vibration when they come in contact with places where the turbine rotor may come into contact, and also show the relationship between their clearances, temperature, degree of vacuum, etc. It is obtained by analyzing in advance and storing it in the personal computer 3.

FIG. 3 shows a database 9 of contact vibration analysis results.
The axis vibration measurement position NO.1, NO.2, NO.3
According to the characteristics of the respective vibration waveforms, the contact positions A, B, and C are determined and stored in advance based on the combination.

Numeral 11 denotes operation state quantity data, which includes the number of rotations,
It consists of operation data such as temperature, degree of vacuum, etc., and is loaded into the personal computer 3.

Next, in an apparatus including the vibration meter 2, the rotation pulse meter 7, the personal computer 3, the controller 4, the valve 5, and the pipe 6, the vibration signal of the turbine rotor during the operation of the turbine is transmitted from the vibration meter 2. , A pulse signal of the number of rotations of the rotor is input to the personal computer 3 from the rotation pulse meter 7, and the frequency, amplitude, phase, etc. at each location of the rotor are taken in the memory as shaft vibration measurement data 8, and are monitored. Is done.

The operation state data 11 such as the number of revolutions of the turbine, the temperature, the degree of vacuum, and the like are also taken into the personal computer 3 at the same time. When abnormal vibration occurs, the shaft vibration measurement data 8 and the operation state quantity data 11 taken into the personal computer 3
Are compared with the database 9 of the contact vibration analysis result and the database 10 of the clearance analysis result.

This comparison is performed by examining which pattern of the contact positions A, B, C,... In the database 9 of the contact vibration analysis results shown in FIG. Is performed to determine whether or not there is contact vibration, and a contact position is estimated. Further, the operation state quantity data 11 and the database 10 of the clearance analysis result are collated, the clearance of each part is estimated, and conditions such as temperature for maintaining an appropriate clearance in the case of contact are estimated.

Here, when it is determined that the contact vibration occurs,
The personal computer 3 outputs to the controller 4 a signal indicating a temperature condition for maintaining the proper clearance determined as described above,
The controller 4 opens and closes a valve, controls the flow of heated steam or the flow of cooling air to the pipe 6 to control the temperature, thereby changing the temperature of the cabin 1 and increasing the clearance of the contact position. Eliminate contact vibration. If it is determined that there is no connection vibration, other causes are investigated as indicated by 15.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a calculation performed by the personal computer 2 regarding the method for detecting and preventing contact vibration.
In the figure, when abnormal vibration occurs in the turbine rotor in S1, in S2, the shaft vibration measurement data 8 at that time is compared with a database 9 of contact vibration analysis results stored in advance. Subsequently, in S3, the actual clearance of each part of the rotor is predicted from the operation state amount data 11 and the database 10 of the clearance analysis result stored in advance.

As a result, in S4, the possibility of contact is determined, and if there is no possibility of contact, the process proceeds to S5, where another cause is investigated. If there is a possibility of contact, a contact position and contact strength are estimated in S6 from the prediction result in S3 described above, and in S7, the controller 4 cancels the contact in accordance with the position and the contact strength in order to eliminate the contact. Outputs a signal that changes the temperature.

Subsequently, in S8, the controller 4 opens the valve 5 by a required amount, and controls the heating steam 20 and the cooling air 21 to change the temperature of the vehicle compartment 1 and control the clearance so as to be appropriate. With this control, the contact vibration disappears in S9.

The method of detecting and preventing such contact vibrations is, in short, to analyze and prepare in advance the database 9 of the contact vibration analysis results and the database 10 of the clearance analysis results in the memory of the personal computer 3 so that abnormal vibrations occur. Vibration measurement data 8, operating state quantity (temperature,
By checking the rotation speed 11 and the like against these databases 9 and 10, it is determined whether or not the turbine rotor is in contact vibration, and the contact position is estimated.

If it is determined that the vibration is contact vibration and the contact position can be specified, the cabin 1 near the contact point is heated (or cooled) by the heating steam 20 or the cooling air 21 to change the cabin temperature, thereby increasing the clearance. Is controlled, and the contact vibration can be eliminated.

[0024]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the contact vibration data at each measurement position in the axial direction of the turbine rotor and the clearance analysis data at each measurement position are input to the calculation unit in advance. Every time; the shaft vibration data during operation and its operation conditions are taken into the calculation unit; the two analysis data are compared with the shaft vibration data during operation to determine the presence / absence of contact vibration and when there is contact vibration A signal for changing the temperature of the vehicle compartment is output; the method is characterized by changing the temperature of the vehicle compartment to control the clearance by the signal to eliminate the contact vibration, and has the following effects. .

(1) By comparing the measured value (measured value of shaft vibration, operating state quantity) and the analysis value (database) online during operation, the abnormal vibration that occurs is vibration due to contact vibration or other causes. Can be automatically determined.

(2) In the case of contact vibration, the contact position and the contact strength can be estimated by comparing the measured value with the analysis value.

(3) Further, by controlling the clearance by changing the temperature of the cabin near the contact point by cooling or heating, the contact vibration can be eliminated, and appropriate measures can be taken.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram for implementing a method for detecting and preventing contact vibration of a turbine rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting and preventing contact vibration of a turbine rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing contents of a database of contact vibration analysis results in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional method for detecting contact vibration of a turbine rotor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 vehicle room 2 vibrometer 3 personal computer 4 controller 5 valve 6 piping 7 rotation pulse meter 8 axis vibration measurement data 9 database of contact vibration analysis result 10 database of clearance analysis result 11 operation state data 20 heating steam 21 cooling air

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F01D 25/00 F01D 21/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A seal fins turbine rotor during rotation, in contact vibration analysis data and said each measuring position when the contact at each measurement position in the axial direction is generated between the stationary portion and the rotating portion of equal Clearance analysis data that defines a relationship in which the clearance between the rotating part and the stationary part changes according to an operation state quantity such as temperature is input to a calculation unit in advance;
The shaft vibration measurement data during the operation measured at each of the measurement positions and the operation conditions at that time are taken into the calculation unit; the coaxial vibration measurement data under the same operation conditions is compared with the contact vibration analysis data and the clearance analysis data. , The contact position and the contact strength are estimated, and further, the clearance of each part under the operating conditions at that time is estimated, and it is determined whether or not the contact has occurred based on the estimation result. If it is determined, a signal for changing the temperature of the cabin near the contact position by heating or cooling is output; and the contact vibration is eliminated by controlling the clearance based on the temperature change of the cabin. A method for detecting and preventing contact vibration of a turbine rotor.