JP3032839B2 - Planar heating element - Google Patents
Planar heating elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP3032839B2 JP3032839B2 JP6090190A JP9019094A JP3032839B2 JP 3032839 B2 JP3032839 B2 JP 3032839B2 JP 6090190 A JP6090190 A JP 6090190A JP 9019094 A JP9019094 A JP 9019094A JP 3032839 B2 JP3032839 B2 JP 3032839B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- weight
- coating
- resin
- heating resistor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は通電により発熱する面状
発熱体に関し、さらに詳しくは、絶縁基板に発熱抵抗体
用塗料を塗布することにより容易に製造でき、暖房用、
育苗用、融雪用、着氷、結露防止用途等に利用可能な面
状発熱体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a planar heating element which generates heat when energized, and more particularly, to a sheet heating element which can be easily manufactured by applying a coating for a heating resistor to an insulating substrate, and is used for heating and heating.
The present invention relates to a planar heating element that can be used for raising seedlings, melting snow, icing, preventing dew condensation, and the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、ニクロム線等の発熱材を使用した
面状発熱体に比較して製造が容易であること、発熱体表
面の温度分布が均一であること、さらには、必要に応じ
て発熱体自体に自己温度制御機能を持たせることが可能
なことから絶縁基板に発熱抵抗体用塗料を塗布した面状
発熱体が広く検討されている。これら面状発熱体は、絶
縁基板に樹脂成分と、導電性フィラーとからなる発熱抵
抗体用塗料を塗布することにより製造されており、例え
ば特開昭55−134229号公報、特開昭56−53
781号公報、特開昭63−110590号公報には、
導電性カーボンブラックあるいはグラファイトを含有す
る発熱抵抗体用塗料を塗布した面状発熱体が、また特開
昭55−96591号公報、特開昭57−11489号
公報、特開昭63−133480号公報にはNi、A
g、Fe等の金属粉末を含有する発熱抵抗体用塗料を塗
布した面状発熱体が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, it is easier to manufacture as compared with a planar heating element using a heating material such as a nichrome wire, the temperature distribution on the surface of the heating element is uniform, and if necessary, Since the heating element itself can have a self-temperature control function, a planar heating element in which a heating resistor paint is applied to an insulating substrate has been widely studied. These planar heating elements are manufactured by applying a coating for a heating resistor composed of a resin component and a conductive filler to an insulating substrate. For example, JP-A-55-134229 and JP-A-56-134229 disclose the surface heating elements. 53
No. 781 and JP-A-63-110590,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Sho 55-96591, Sho 57-11489, and Sho 63-133480 disclose a planar heating element coated with a coating for a heating resistor containing conductive carbon black or graphite. Ni, A
A planar heating element to which a coating for a heating resistor containing a metal powder such as g or Fe is applied has been proposed.
【0003】しかしながら、前記導電性カーボンブラッ
ク又はグラファイトを含有する発熱抵抗体用塗料を塗布
した面状発熱体は、導電性フィラーとして電気比抵抗の
高いカーボンブラックあるいはグラファイトを使用して
いるため、得られる面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値が高く
なりすぎ、所望の発熱を得るためには、高い電圧を必要
とするか、または電極間距離を広くすることができない
という欠点がある。一方、金属粉末を導電性フィラーと
して用いる前記面状発熱体は、金属自体が高い比重を有
するため、発熱抵抗体用塗料中において、該金属粉末の
沈降が生じ易く、面状発熱体を製造する際の塗布工程の
管理が困難である。また、一般に使用される金属粉末
が、微細な球状粒子であることから、所望の体積固有抵
抗値を得るためには、金属粉末と樹脂バインダーとの含
有割合において、金属粉末の含有割合を高くする必要が
あるため、発熱抵抗体用塗膜の物理的強度が低下するこ
と、さらには低抗値を漸次変化させることが困難であ
る。また高価な金属粉末を多量に用いるため経済的に不
利である等の欠点がある。[0003] However, a sheet heating element coated with a coating for a heating resistor containing the above-mentioned conductive carbon black or graphite uses carbon black or graphite having a high electric resistivity as a conductive filler, so that it cannot be obtained. The volume resistivity of the sheet heating element to be used is too high, so that a high voltage is required or the distance between the electrodes cannot be increased in order to obtain desired heat generation. On the other hand, the sheet heating element using the metal powder as the conductive filler, since the metal itself has a high specific gravity, in the coating for the heating resistor, the metal powder is likely to settle, producing a sheet heating element. It is difficult to control the coating process at the time. In addition, since the generally used metal powder is fine spherical particles, in order to obtain a desired volume resistivity, the content ratio of the metal powder is increased in the content ratio of the metal powder and the resin binder. Because of the necessity, it is difficult to decrease the physical strength of the coating film for the heating resistor and to gradually change the low resistance value. In addition, there are disadvantages such as being economically disadvantageous because a large amount of expensive metal powder is used.
【0004】また特開昭48−101455号公報に
は、金属被膜を有するガラス又はプラスチックの微小中
空体を含有する熱硬化性及び/又は熱可塑性樹脂よりな
る導電性プラスチック複合体が記載されており、前記微
小中空体の形状として、球形、楕円球形、棒状等の任意
な形状で良いことが、また該導電性プラスチック複合体
が面発熱体として使用できること示されている。JP-A-48-101455 discloses a conductive plastic composite made of a thermosetting and / or thermoplastic resin containing a fine hollow body of glass or plastic having a metal coating. It has been shown that the shape of the micro hollow body may be any shape such as a spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape, a rod shape and the like, and that the conductive plastic composite can be used as a surface heating element.
【0005】前記微小中空体は、樹脂成分に比して軽量
であるために樹脂中においての分散性には優れるもの
の、球形であるために、たとえ楕円球形等であっても樹
脂成分中に分散させた場合、各々の微小中空体の接触は
点接触となり、従ってほとんど2次的方向性しか有さな
い塗膜として使用する場合には、十分且つ均一な導電性
及び通電耐久性を確保することができず、しかも中空体
であるために強度的にも問題がある。[0005] The micro hollow body is excellent in dispersibility in the resin because it is lighter in weight than the resin component, but because it is spherical, it is dispersed in the resin component even if it is elliptical spherical or the like. In such a case, the contact between the micro hollow bodies becomes a point contact. Therefore, when used as a coating film having almost only a secondary directional property, it is necessary to ensure sufficient and uniform conductivity and durability for conducting electricity. However, since it is a hollow body, there is a problem in strength.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従って、本発明の目的
は、製造が容易で且つ安価であり、しかも低電圧におい
て発熱可能な面状発熱体を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a sheet heating element which is easy and inexpensive to manufacture and can generate heat at a low voltage.
【0007】本発明の別の目的は、殆ど2次的方向性し
か有さない塗膜においても、十分且つ均一な導電性及び
通電耐久性を有し、同時に塗膜の平滑性にも優れる面状
発熱体を提供することにある。[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating film having sufficient and uniform conductivity and current-carrying durability, and at the same time having excellent smoothness of the coating film, even in a coating film having almost only a secondary orientation. To provide a heating element in the form of a plate.
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明によれば、樹脂固
形分100重量部に対して、平均径5〜100μm、厚
さ0.01〜20μmの偏平状金属めっき粉体40〜1
50重量部含有する発熱抵抗体用塗料を、帯状電極を備
えた絶縁基板に塗布し、発熱抵抗体用塗膜を形成してな
る面状発熱体が提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided a flat metal plating powder having an average diameter of 5 to 100 μm and a thickness of 0.01 to 20 μm per 100 parts by weight of a resin solid content.
A sheet heating element is provided, in which a coating for a heating resistor containing 50 parts by weight is applied to an insulating substrate provided with a strip electrode to form a coating for the heating resistor.
【0009】以下本発明を更に詳細に説明する。本発明
の面状発熱体は、特定の偏平状金属めっき粉体と、樹脂
成分とを含む発熱抵抗体用塗料を、帯状電極を備えた絶
縁基板に塗布し、発熱抵抗体塗膜を形成してなることを
特徴とする。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The planar heating element of the present invention is obtained by applying a specific flat metal plating powder and a coating for a heating resistor containing a resin component to an insulating substrate having strip electrodes to form a heating resistor coating film. It is characterized by becoming.
【0010】本発明に用いる偏平状金属めっき粉体は、
従来の面状発熱体に使用される導電性フィラーに比し
て、面状発熱体の導電性、平滑性を向上させ、且つ軽量
化、低コスト化を可能とする成分であって、後述する樹
脂成分への分散性に優れ、該樹脂成分中において、各々
の偏平状金属めっき粉体は、面接触により接触する平た
い面を有する。従って、例えば楕円形等の球状の場合の
ように、点接触のみにより接触する形状のものは含まな
い。The flat metal plating powder used in the present invention comprises:
Compared to the conductive filler used in the conventional sheet heating element, it is a component that improves the conductivity and smoothness of the sheet heating element, and can reduce the weight and cost, and will be described later. It is excellent in dispersibility in a resin component, and in the resin component, each flat metal plating powder has a flat surface that comes into contact by surface contact. Therefore, it does not include a shape that comes into contact only with point contact, such as a spherical shape such as an elliptical shape.
【0011】前記偏平状金属めっき粉体を構成する基材
としては、例えば絹雲母、白雲母、金雲母、ガラス及び
プラスチックフレーク等を挙げることができ、まためっ
き金属としては、ニッケル、銅、銀及びこれらの多層又
は合金から成る群より選択される金属を好ましく挙げる
ことができる。さらに、前記偏平状金属めっき粉体は、
公知の手法、例えば特開昭59−78248号に記載の
無電解めっき手法等により容易に得ることができる。前
記偏平状金属めっき粉体の大きさは、平均径5〜100
μm、厚さ0.01〜20μmである必要がある。平均
径が5μm未満の場合には、表面積が大きくなりすぎる
ため被覆金属量が増大し、得られる粉体の比重が高くな
り、更には経済的にも問題が生ずる。また平均粒径が1
00μmを超える場合には、得られる面状発熱体の表面
平滑性が損われる。更に厚さが0.01μm未満では、
粉体自体の物理的強度が低下するので発熱抵抗体用塗膜
の強度が低下し、更にまた厚さが20μmを超える場合
には偏平状金属粉体としての特性が失われ、その結果、
少ない含有量で良好な発熱性を示す面状発熱体が得られ
ない。Examples of the base material constituting the flat metal plating powder include sericite, muscovite, phlogopite, glass and plastic flakes. The plating metal includes nickel, copper, silver and the like. And a metal selected from the group consisting of multilayers and alloys thereof. Further, the flat metal plating powder,
It can be easily obtained by a known method, for example, an electroless plating method described in JP-A-59-78248. The size of the flat metal plating powder has an average diameter of 5 to 100.
μm and a thickness of 0.01 to 20 μm. When the average diameter is less than 5 μm, the surface area becomes too large, the amount of coated metal increases, the specific gravity of the obtained powder increases, and furthermore, there is a problem economically. The average particle size is 1
If it exceeds 00 μm, the surface smoothness of the obtained planar heating element is impaired. Further, when the thickness is less than 0.01 μm,
Since the physical strength of the powder itself is reduced, the strength of the heating resistor coating film is reduced, and when the thickness exceeds 20 μm, the properties as a flat metal powder are lost. As a result,
A sheet heating element exhibiting good heat generation with a small content cannot be obtained.
【0012】本発明の発熱抵抗体用塗料に用いる樹脂成
分は、物理性、化学性において、長期に渡る耐久性を保
持させるために、架橋性の樹脂等を用いることが好まし
い。また前記樹脂成分には、結晶性樹脂は含まれない。The resin component used in the paint for a heat generating resistor of the present invention is preferably a crosslinkable resin or the like in order to maintain long-term durability in terms of physical properties and chemical properties. The resin component does not include a crystalline resin.
【0013】前記架橋性の樹脂としては、塗料一般に使
用される反応性樹脂等を挙げることができ、必要に応じ
て各種硬化剤等と組合せて使用することもできる。前記
架橋性の樹脂の具体例としては、例えば不飽和基、水酸
基、カルボキシル基、エステル基、N−メチロール基、
アミノ基、エポキシ基等を含有するポリエステル樹脂、
アクリル樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、シリコ
ン樹脂、フェノール樹脂等を挙げることができる。Examples of the crosslinkable resin include reactive resins and the like generally used in paints, and may be used in combination with various curing agents as required. Specific examples of the crosslinkable resin include, for example, an unsaturated group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an N-methylol group,
Polyester resin containing amino group, epoxy group, etc.
An acrylic resin, an alkyd resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin, a phenol resin, and the like can be given.
【0014】また硬化剤としては、アミノ−プラスト樹
脂、イソシアネート化合物、ブロック化イソシアネート
化合物、ポリアミン化合物、ポリカルボン酸化合物等を
挙げることができ、使用に際しては、単独若しくは混合
物として用いることができる。Examples of the curing agent include an amino-plast resin, an isocyanate compound, a blocked isocyanate compound, a polyamine compound and a polycarboxylic acid compound. When used, they can be used alone or as a mixture.
【0015】本発明に用いる前記発熱抵抗体用塗料中の
偏平状金属めっき粉体と樹脂成分との配合割合は、樹脂
成分の固形分100重量部に対して、偏平状金属めっき
粉体40〜150重量部の範囲となるように配合する必
要がある。前記偏平状金属めっき粉体の配合割合が40
重量部未満の場合には、導電性が低下し、また150重
量部を超える場合には導電性が高くなって、面状発熱体
として不適当であり、また塗膜の強度が低下する。一般
に前記導電性、即ち面状発熱体として利用する際の発熱
抵抗体用塗膜の体積固有抵抗値は0.001Ω・cm以
上、1Ω・cm未満の範囲に調整するのが好ましい。The mixing ratio of the flat metal plating powder and the resin component in the heating resistor paint used in the present invention is such that the flat metal plating powder is 40 to 40 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the resin component. It is necessary to mix the amount so as to be in the range of 150 parts by weight. The compounding ratio of the flat metal plating powder is 40
If the amount is less than 150 parts by weight, the conductivity is reduced. If the amount is more than 150 parts by weight, the conductivity is increased, which is unsuitable as a sheet heating element and the strength of the coating film is reduced. In general, it is preferable to adjust the volume resistivity of the conductive film, that is, the coating film for a heating resistor when used as a planar heating element, in the range of 0.001 Ω · cm or more and less than 1 Ω · cm.
【0016】本発明に用いる前記発熱抵抗体用塗料を調
製するには、前記偏平状金属めっき粉体と、樹脂成分と
を通常の塗料と同様な方法により得ることができ、有機
溶剤溶液型、非水系分散型、水溶性型又はエマルジョン
型等の形態とすることができる。また必要に応じ、前記
成分の他に通常塗料に用いられる種々の着色剤、添加剤
等を添加することもできる。In order to prepare the paint for a heating resistor used in the present invention, the flat metal plating powder and a resin component can be obtained by the same method as a usual paint. It can be in the form of a non-aqueous dispersion type, a water-soluble type or an emulsion type. If necessary, various coloring agents, additives and the like usually used for paints can be added in addition to the above components.
【0017】本発明において、前記発熱抵抗体用塗料を
塗布するための基板は、帯状電極を備えた絶縁基板を使
用する。該絶縁基板としては、プラスチック、コンクリ
ート、木材、スレート、ガラス、セラミックス、紙又は
絶縁被覆を施した金属等を用いることができる。また前
記絶縁基板に設ける帯状電極としては、銅又は銀等の金
属テープや金網あるいは導電性ペースト等を挙げること
ができる。前記絶縁基板に帯状電極を設置するには、一
対以上の帯状電極を発熱抵抗体用塗料を塗布する前に、
予め絶縁基板に設置するか、あるいは絶縁基板に発熱抵
抗体用塗料を塗布し、硬化させた後、得られた塗膜上に
接着剤又は加熱加圧により接着、設置することができ
る。In the present invention, an insulating substrate provided with strip electrodes is used as a substrate for applying the paint for the heating resistor. As the insulating substrate, plastic, concrete, wood, slate, glass, ceramics, paper, metal coated with insulating coating, or the like can be used. Examples of the strip electrode provided on the insulating substrate include a metal tape such as copper or silver, a wire net, and a conductive paste. To install the strip electrode on the insulating substrate, before applying the coating for the heating resistor, a pair or more strip electrodes,
It can be placed on an insulating substrate in advance, or after applying and curing a coating for a heating resistor on the insulating substrate, and then bonding and placing it on the obtained coating film with an adhesive or heat and pressure.
【0018】本発明の面状発熱体を製造するには、前記
絶縁基板の片面又は両面に、発熱抵抗体用塗料を、例え
ば浸漬塗装、スプレー塗装、ロール塗装又は印刷塗装等
により塗布した後、使用する硬化剤の種類に応じた硬化
方法により硬化させ、発熱抵抗体用塗膜を形成すること
により得ることができる。前記発熱抵抗体用塗膜の膜厚
は、特に限定されるものではないが、10〜500μm
であるのが好ましい。また、面状発熱体の耐久性を増大
し、あるいは美粧性を付与するために、前記発熱抵抗体
用塗膜上に、更に通常の塗料を塗装することも可能であ
る。In order to manufacture the sheet heating element of the present invention, a coating for a heating resistor is applied to one or both surfaces of the insulating substrate by, for example, dip coating, spray coating, roll coating or print coating. It can be obtained by curing by a curing method according to the type of the curing agent to be used and forming a coating film for a heating resistor. The thickness of the heating resistor coating film is not particularly limited, but 10 to 500 μm
It is preferred that Further, in order to increase the durability of the sheet heating element or to impart aesthetics, it is possible to further apply a normal paint on the coating film for the heating resistor.
【0019】[0019]
【発明の効果】本発明の面状発熱体は、特定の偏平状金
属めっき粉体を用いており、該偏平状金属めっき粉体の
それぞれが、面接触するための偏平な面、即ち平らな面
を有し、且つ金属めっきが施された軽量のものであるの
で、樹脂成分中への分散が良好で、しかも水平方向に配
列し、塗膜の平滑性、塗膜強度が良好となる。従って面
状発熱体自体の製造が容易であり且つ安価であって、し
かも低電圧により発熱が可能である。従って暖房用、育
苗用、融雪用、着氷又は結露防止等の用途に有用であ
る。The planar heating element of the present invention uses a specific flat metal plating powder, and each of the flat metal plating powders has a flat surface for surface contact, that is, a flat surface. Since it is a lightweight material having a surface and being plated with metal, it is well dispersed in the resin component, and is arranged in the horizontal direction, so that the smoothness and the strength of the coating film are improved. Therefore, the production of the sheet heating element itself is easy and inexpensive, and heat can be generated by a low voltage. Therefore, it is useful for applications such as heating, raising seedlings, melting snow, preventing icing or condensation.
【0020】[0020]
【実施例】以下本発明を実施例及び比較例により更に詳
細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものでは
ない。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
【0021】[0021]
【実施例1】Niめっきセリサイト(商品名「META
L−ON、NSER−6」平均径30μm、厚さ3μ
m、金属含有量30重量%、日曹金属化学株式会社製)
29.6gを、アクリル樹脂塗料(商品名「ハイウレタ
ンNo.5000クリヤー51HA」、固形分40.8重
量%、日本油脂株式会社製)58.7gに投入し、ディ
ゾルバーで30分間撹拌した後、硬化剤(商品名「ハイ
ウレタン硬化剤HA」日本油脂株式会社製、固形分48
重量%)11.7gを混合した。次いで希釈シンナー
(商品名「ウレタンシンナーW」、日本油脂株式会社
製)を用いて、フォードカップ#4粘度が15秒になる
ように希釈し、発熱抵抗体用塗料を得た。得られた塗料
中におけるNiめっきセリサイト粉末の含有量は、塗料
樹脂固形分100重量部に対して、100重量部であっ
た。次に幅5cmのダル鋼板(JISG3141)上に
絶縁塗膜(商品名「エピコNo.1500、TX−10
0」日本油脂株式会社製)を塗装した絶縁基板を製造
し、該絶縁基板上に長さ5cmの導電性テープ(商品名
「Scotch導電性テープNo.2245」住友スリーエム株
式会社製)2本を、該導電性テープ間隔が10cmとな
るように貼着した。得られた導電性テープを備えた絶縁
基板に、前記発熱抵抗体用塗料を、乾燥膜厚が100μ
mになるようエアースプレー塗装した後、140℃で3
0分焼付乾燥して面状発熱体を得た。[Example 1] Ni-plated sericite (trade name "META")
L-ON, NSER-6 "average diameter 30μm, thickness 3μ
m, metal content 30% by weight, manufactured by Nisso Metal Chemical Co., Ltd.)
29.6 g was put into 58.7 g of an acrylic resin paint (trade name “High Urethane No. 5000 Clear 51HA”, solid content: 40.8% by weight, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION), and stirred for 30 minutes with a dissolver. Curing agent (trade name "High urethane curing agent HA" manufactured by NOF CORPORATION, solid content 48)
11.7 g). Then, using a diluted thinner (trade name: "Urethane Thinner W", manufactured by NOF CORPORATION), Ford Cup # 4 was diluted to a viscosity of 15 seconds to obtain a paint for a heating resistor. The content of the Ni-plated sericite powder in the obtained paint was 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the paint resin solids. Next, on a dull steel plate (JIS G3141) having a width of 5 cm, an insulating coating film (trade name “Epico No. 1500, TX-10
0 "manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.) and two conductive tapes (trade name" Scotch conductive tape No. 2245 "manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) having a length of 5 cm are formed on the insulating substrate. The conductive tape was stuck so that the distance between the conductive tapes became 10 cm. On the insulating substrate provided with the obtained conductive tape, the coating for a heating resistor was applied with a dry film thickness of 100 μm.
m, then spray paint at 140 ° C
After baking and drying for 0 minutes, a sheet heating element was obtained.
【0022】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は、
0.02Ω・cmであった。この発熱体は、交流5Vで
通電したところ、表面温度が60℃(外気温20℃)で
あった。また得られた面状発熱体について、以下に示す
方法に従って耐久性試験を行った。その結果を表1に示
す。The volume specific resistance of the obtained sheet heating element is:
It was 0.02 Ω · cm. When the heating element was energized with an alternating current of 5 V, the surface temperature was 60 ° C. (outside air temperature was 20 ° C.). A durability test was performed on the obtained sheet heating element according to the method described below. Table 1 shows the results.
【0023】通電耐久性試験 直流10Vで通電2時間、停電30分を1サイクルとし
て、面状発熱体の耐久性を測定した。The durability of the sheet heating element was measured by setting a cycle of 2 hours at a direct current of 10 V and 30 minutes of a power outage as one cycle.
【0024】熱冷サイクル試験 −30℃で1時間、20℃で0.5時間、80℃で1時
間、20℃で0.5時間を1サイクルとする環境下に面
状発熱体を放置し、熱衝撃による耐久性を測定した。 Thermal cooling cycle test --The sheet heating element was left in an environment of 1 cycle at -30 ° C., 0.5 hour at 20 ° C., 1 hour at 80 ° C., and 0.5 hour at 20 ° C. And the durability due to thermal shock was measured.
【0025】[0025]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0026】[0026]
【実施例2】Niめっきセリサイト21.8重量部、ア
クリル樹脂塗料65.1重量部及び硬化剤13.1重量
部とした以外は、実施例1と同様に面状発熱体を製造し
た。この際発熱抵抗体用塗膜中の樹脂固形分100重量
部に対するNiめっきセリサイトの含有量は66.7重
量部であった。Example 2 A planar heating element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 21.8 parts by weight of Ni-plated sericite, 65.1 parts by weight of an acrylic resin paint, and 13.1 parts by weight of a curing agent were used. At this time, the content of Ni-plated sericite was 66.7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content in the heating resistor coating film.
【0027】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は、
0.17Ω・cmであった。この面状発熱体は、交流1
0Vの通電により表面温度が68℃(外気温20℃)と
なった。The volume resistivity of the obtained sheet heating element is:
It was 0.17 Ω · cm. This planar heating element has an AC 1
The surface temperature became 68 ° C. (outside air temperature 20 ° C.) by applying 0V.
【0028】[0028]
【実施例3】Cuめっきセリサイト(平均径30μm、
厚さ3μm、金属含有量20重量%、商品名「META
L−ON、CSER−4」日曹金属化学株式会社製)2
9.6重量%、アクリル樹脂塗料58.6重量%及び硬化
剤11.8重量%を用いた以外は実施例1と同様に発熱
抵抗体用塗料を作製した。得られた塗料中、Cuめっき
セリサイト粉末の含有量は、塗料樹脂固形分100重量
部に対して、100重量部であった。次に幅4cmのガ
ラス板(厚さ2mm)上に長さ4cmの導電性テープ(商
品名「Scotch導電性テープNo.2245」住友スリーエ
ム株式会社製)2本を、該導電性テープ間隔が7cmと
なるように貼着した。得られた導電性テープを備えた絶
縁基板上に、前記発熱抵抗体用塗料を、乾燥膜厚が10
0μmになるようエアースプレー塗装した後、140℃
で30分焼付乾燥して面状発熱体を得た。Example 3 Cu-plated sericite (average diameter 30 μm,
3 μm thick, metal content 20% by weight, trade name “META
L-ON, CSER-4 "manufactured by Nisso Metal Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2
Except for using 9.6% by weight, 58.6% by weight of an acrylic resin coating and 11.8% by weight of a curing agent, a coating for a heating resistor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. In the obtained paint, the content of the Cu-plated sericite powder was 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the paint resin solids. Next, two 4 cm long conductive tapes (trade name “Scotch conductive tape No. 2245” manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) were placed on a 4 cm wide glass plate (2 mm thick) with a spacing of 7 cm between the conductive tapes. It stuck so that it might become. On the insulating substrate provided with the obtained conductive tape, the paint for a heating resistor is applied with a dry film thickness of 10
140 ° C after air spray coating to 0μm
For 30 minutes to obtain a sheet heating element.
【0029】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は、
0.18Ω・cmであった。この面状発熱体は、交流7
Vの通電により、表面温度が62℃(外気温20℃)と
なった。さらに、24時間連続して通電を行なっても、
発熱温度及び体積固有抵抗値に変化は認められなかっ
た。The volume resistivity value of the obtained sheet heating element is:
It was 0.18 Ω · cm. This planar heating element has an AC of 7
The surface temperature became 62 ° C. (outside air temperature 20 ° C.) by the application of V. Furthermore, even if the energization is performed continuously for 24 hours,
No change was observed in the exothermic temperature and the volume specific resistance.
【0030】[0030]
【実施例4】幅5cmの酸素プラズマ表面処理された耐
熱ポリプロピレン板(pp/mica複合材料)上に長さ5c
mの導電性テープ(商品名「Scotch導電性テープNo.2
245」住友スリーエム株式会社製)2本を、該導電性
テープ間隔が10cmとなるように貼着した。次いで得
られた導電性テープを備えた絶縁基板上に、実施例1で
調製した発熱抵抗体用塗料を、乾燥膜厚が100μmに
なるようエアースプレー塗装した後、120℃で1時間
焼付乾燥して面状発熱体を得た。Example 4 5 cm length on a 5 cm wide oxygen plasma surface treated heat resistant polypropylene plate (pp / mica composite)
m conductive tape (Product name "Scotch conductive tape No.2
245 "(manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited) so that the distance between the conductive tapes was 10 cm. Next, the paint for a heating resistor prepared in Example 1 was applied by air spray coating on the insulating substrate provided with the obtained conductive tape so that the dry film thickness became 100 μm, and then baked and dried at 120 ° C. for 1 hour. Thus, a sheet heating element was obtained.
【0031】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は、
0.02Ω・cmであった。この面状発熱体は、交流3
Vの通電により、表面温度が56℃になった(外気温2
0℃)。次に実施例1と同様に面状発熱体の耐久性試験
を行った。その結果を表2に示す。The volume resistivity value of the obtained sheet heating element is:
It was 0.02 Ω · cm. This planar heating element has an alternating current of 3
With the application of V, the surface temperature became 56 ° C. (outside air temperature 2
0 ° C). Next, a durability test of the sheet heating element was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the results.
【0032】[0032]
【実施例5】耐熱ポリプロピレン板の代わりに、幅4c
mのスレート板を用い、導電性テープ間隔を5cmと
し、更に、発熱抵抗体用塗料の焼付条件を140℃で3
0分とした以外は、実施例4と同様に面状発熱体を製造
した。Embodiment 5 Instead of a heat-resistant polypropylene plate, width 4c
m, a conductive tape interval of 5 cm, and a baking condition of the heating resistor paint at 140 ° C. of 3 cm.
A sheet heating element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the time was set to 0 minutes.
【0033】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は、
0.02Ω・cmであり、交流5Vの通電による面状発
熱体の表面温度は58℃であった(外気温20℃)。次
に実施例1と同様に面状発熱体の耐久性試験を行った。
その結果を表2に示す。The volume resistivity of the obtained sheet heating element is:
0.02 Ω · cm, and the surface temperature of the sheet heating element when 5 V AC was supplied was 58 ° C. (outside air temperature: 20 ° C.). Next, a durability test of the sheet heating element was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
Table 2 shows the results.
【0034】[0034]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0035】[0035]
【実施例6】Niめっきセリサイト(商品名「META
L−ON、NSER−6」平均粒径30μm、厚さ3μ
m、金属含有量30wt%、日曹金属化学(株)製)5
0.0重量部、エポキシ樹脂塗料(商品名「エポミック
R−140」日本油脂(株)製、固形分100重量%)
33.5重量部、硬化剤(商品名「エポミックQ−61
0」日本油脂(株)製、固形分100重量%)16.5
重量部の発熱抵抗体用塗料を実施例1と同様に作成した
後、実施例3で製造した導電性テープを備えたガラス板
に、アプリケーターで乾燥膜厚が100μmになるよう
に塗装した。次いで、140℃で30分間焼付乾燥を行
って面状発熱体を得た。Embodiment 6 Ni-plated sericite (trade name “META”)
L-ON, NSER-6 "average particle size 30μm, thickness 3μ
m, metal content 30 wt%, manufactured by Nisso Metal Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5
0.0 parts by weight, epoxy resin paint (trade name “Epomic R-140” manufactured by NOF Corporation, solid content 100% by weight)
33.5 parts by weight, a curing agent (trade name "EPOMIC Q-61")
0 "manufactured by NOF Corporation, solid content 100% by weight) 16.5
A coating for a heating resistor in parts by weight was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and then applied to a glass plate provided with the conductive tape manufactured in Example 3 using an applicator so that the dry film thickness became 100 μm. Next, baking and drying were performed at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a sheet heating element.
【0036】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は
0.05Ω・cmであり、交流3Vの通電による面状発
熱体の表面温度は45℃であった(外気温20℃)。The volume resistivity of the obtained sheet heating element was 0.05 Ω · cm, and the surface temperature of the sheet heating element by applying a current of 3 V was 45 ° C. (outside air temperature: 20 ° C.).
【0037】[0037]
【実施例7】実施例1で作成した面状発熱体上に、フォ
ードカップ#4粘度を20秒に調整した白塗料(主剤、
商品名「プライマック、No.4000ホワイト41P
B」、硬化剤「プライマック硬化剤PB」、主剤/硬化
剤比が4/1(wt%)、日本油脂(株)製)をエアース
プレー塗装した後、120℃で30分焼付乾燥した。こ
の際の白塗料の膜厚は40μmであった。Example 7 A white paint (base resin, base material, viscosity of Ford cup # 4 adjusted to 20 seconds) was applied on the sheet heating element prepared in Example 1.
Product name "Primac, No. 4000 White 41P
B ", a curing agent" Primac curing agent PB ", a main agent / curing agent ratio of 4/1 (wt%), manufactured by NOF CORPORATION), followed by baking and drying at 120C for 30 minutes. At this time, the thickness of the white paint was 40 μm.
【0038】得られた面状発熱体の体積固有抵抗値は
0.02Ω・cmであり、交流5Vの通電による面状発
熱体の表面温度は59℃であった。従って面状発熱体上
に、更に上塗塗装しても何ら問題がないことが判った。The volume resistivity value of the obtained sheet heating element was 0.02 Ω · cm, and the surface temperature of the sheet heating element by applying 5 V AC was 59 ° C. Therefore, it was found that there was no problem even if further overcoating was performed on the sheet heating element.
【0039】[0039]
【比較例1〜3】表3に示す配合の塗料を実施例1と同
様の方法で作成し、次いで実施例1と同様な絶縁基板に
塗装し、Niフレーク含有発熱体を得た。Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Coatings having the formulations shown in Table 3 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and then applied to the same insulating substrate as in Example 1 to obtain Ni flake-containing heating elements.
【0040】得られたNiフレーク含有発熱体に、互々
交流10Vを通電した結果を表3に示す。表3の結果よ
りNiフレークを使用した場合、発熱体が良好に発熱す
る為には、Niフレークを樹脂固形分100重量部に対
して150重量部を超える量必要であることが判った。Table 3 shows the results of applying an alternating current of 10 V to the obtained Ni flake-containing heating element. From the results in Table 3, it was found that when Ni flakes were used, the amount of Ni flakes required exceeded 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content in order for the heating element to generate heat satisfactorily.
【0041】[0041]
【表3】 [Table 3]
【0042】[0042]
【比較例4】導電性カーボン(商品名「CONDUCT
EX975BEADS」、コロンビアン・カーボン日本
(株)製)7.6g、アクリル樹脂塗料(商品名「ハイ
ウレタンNo.5000クリヤー51HA主剤」日本油脂
(株)製、固形分40.8重量%)36.3g及びキシ
レン56.1gを混合し、ディゾルバーで30分間撹拌
した後、グラインドミルで30分間分散した。次いで、
得られた分散体93.2gと硬化剤(商品名「ウレタン
硬化剤HA」日本油脂(株)製、固形分48重量%)
6.8gとを混合して導電性カーボンが最大量含有され
た(30重量%)塗料を得た。Comparative Example 4 Conductive carbon (trade name “CONDUCT”)
EX975BEADS ", 7.6 g of Columbian Carbon Japan Co., Ltd., acrylic resin paint (trade name" Hiurethane No. 5000 Clear 51HA main agent "manufactured by NOF Corporation, solid content 40.8% by weight) 36. 3 g and 56.1 g of xylene were mixed, stirred with a dissolver for 30 minutes, and then dispersed with a grind mill for 30 minutes. Then
93.2 g of the obtained dispersion and a curing agent (trade name "urethane curing agent HA" manufactured by NOF Corporation, solid content 48% by weight)
And 6.8 g of a coating material containing a maximum amount of conductive carbon (30% by weight).
【0043】次いで得られた導電性カーボン含有塗料
を、実施例3で製造した導電性テープを備えたガラス板
に膜厚60μmとなるようにエアースプレー塗装した
後、140℃で30分焼付乾燥して面状発熱体を得た。
得られた面状発熱体の体積固形抵抗値は0.60Ω・c
mであった。また、印加電圧交流40Vの通電による面
状発熱体の表面温度は44℃であった。従って導電性カ
ーボンを用いる場合には、本発明の面状発熱体よりも印
加電圧を高くする必要があることが判った。Next, the obtained conductive carbon-containing paint was applied by air spraying to a glass plate provided with the conductive tape prepared in Example 3 so as to have a film thickness of 60 μm, and then baked and dried at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thus, a sheet heating element was obtained.
The volume solid resistance value of the obtained sheet heating element is 0.60Ω · c.
m. Further, the surface temperature of the sheet heating element by applying a current of 40 V AC was 44 ° C. Therefore, it was found that when conductive carbon was used, the applied voltage had to be higher than that of the planar heating element of the present invention.
【0044】[0044]
【比較例5】商品名「シラスバルーンPB−02」(株
式会社シラックスウ製、粒径分布5〜105μm)を、
ふるいを用いて30μmを超えるものを除去し、粒径分
布5〜30μmのシラルバルーンを得た。次いで得られ
たシラスバルーンを水洗後、塩化第一錫水溶液中に浸漬
し、増感処理を施した後、Niめっき液に浸漬して、温
度60℃、30分間化学めっき処理を行って、Niめっ
きシラスバルーン(平均径16μm)を調製した。得ら
れたNiめっきシラスバルーンを実施例1におけるNi
めっきセリサイト粉末の代わりに使用した以外は、実施
例1と同様に面状発熱体を得、同様な試験を行った。尚
得られた面状発熱体の表面温度60℃とするためには、
交流11.0Vの通電を要した。また通電耐久試験は、
直流20Vで行った。結果を表4に示す。通電耐久性試
験、冷熱サイクル試験のいずれにおいても短時間に導電
性が失われ、球状粒子による点接触により構成される発
熱体は長時間の使用に耐えることができないことが判っ
た。[Comparative Example 5] A product name "Shirasu Balloon PB-02" (manufactured by SILAX CORPORATION, particle size distribution: 5-105 µm)
Those having a size of more than 30 μm were removed by using a sieve to obtain a sialal balloon having a particle size distribution of 5 to 30 μm. Next, the obtained shirasu balloon was washed with water, immersed in an aqueous solution of stannous chloride, sensitized, immersed in a Ni plating solution, and subjected to a chemical plating treatment at a temperature of 60 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain Ni. A plated shirasu balloon (average diameter 16 μm) was prepared. The obtained Ni-plated shirasu balloon was replaced with Ni in Example 1.
A planar heating element was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the plating sericite powder was used instead of the plated sericite powder, and a similar test was performed. In order to make the surface temperature of the obtained planar heating element 60 ° C.,
Electric current of 11.0 V AC was required. The current durability test is
The test was performed at DC 20V. Table 4 shows the results. In both the current durability test and the thermal cycle test, the conductivity was lost in a short time, and it was found that the heating element formed by point contact with spherical particles could not withstand long-term use.
【0045】[0045]
【表4】 [Table 4]
【0046】[0046]
【比較例6】実施例1のNiめっきセリサイトの平均径
を246μmとして以外は、実施例1と同様に面状発熱
体を作製した。Comparative Example 6 A planar heating element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average diameter of the Ni-plated sericite in Example 1 was changed to 246 μm.
【0047】得られた面状発熱体の塗膜表面は、著しく
平滑性に劣り、塗膜内でのNiめっきセリサイトの分散
状態が不均一で、塗膜表面全体に粒子の粗密が肉眼的に
確認されるほどにムラが顕著であった。また導電性につ
いて実施例1と同様に体積固有抵抗値を測定したとこ
ろ、実施例1に比して高く、且つ3回の実験において再
現性がなく0.10〜1.2Ω・cmの間で変動した。
従って、この発熱抵抗用塗料により得られる塗膜は、面
状発熱体として使用するにたる安定な導電性を有してい
ないことが判った。The surface of the coating film of the obtained sheet heating element was remarkably inferior in smoothness, the dispersion state of the Ni-plated sericite in the coating film was uneven, and the density of the particles over the entire coating film surface was visually noticeable. The unevenness was so remarkable as to be confirmed. When the volume resistivity was measured for the conductivity in the same manner as in Example 1, the volume resistivity was higher than that of Example 1, and was not reproducible in three experiments and was between 0.10 and 1.2 Ω · cm. Fluctuated.
Therefore, it was found that the coating film obtained from the heating resistance paint did not have stable conductivity enough to be used as a sheet heating element.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 越崎 直人 茨城県つくば市吾妻2丁目712−1215 (72)発明者 石戸谷 昌洋 神奈川県鎌倉市梶原2丁目26−6−305 (72)発明者 相馬 透 神奈川県横浜市戸塚区下倉田町473 (72)発明者 林 克之 福島県会津若松市室町2−7 (72)発明者 高野 実 千葉県市原市有秋台東2−4 審査官 東 勝之 (56)参考文献 特開 昭48−101455(JP,A) 特開 昭59−78248(JP,A) 特開 昭55−134229(JP,A) 特開 昭56−53781(JP,A) 特開 昭63−110590(JP,A) 特開 昭55−96591(JP,A) 特開 昭57−11489(JP,A) 特開 昭63−133480(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) H05B 3/20 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Naoto Koshizaki 2-7-12-1215, Azuma, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Masahiro Ishidoya 2-26-6-305, Kajiwara, Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Soma Tohru 473 Shimokurata-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Katsuyuki Hayashi 2-7 Muromachi, Aizuwakamatsu-shi, Fukushima Prefecture (72) Inventor Minoru Takano 2-4 Ariakidaihigashi, Ichihara-shi, Chiba Pref. References JP-A-48-101455 (JP, A) JP-A-59-78248 (JP, A) JP-A-55-134229 (JP, A) JP-A-56-53781 (JP, A) 63-110590 (JP, A) JP-A-55-96591 (JP, A) JP-A-57-11489 (JP, A) JP-A-63-133480 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) H05B 3/20
Claims (5)
径5〜100μm、厚さ0.01〜20μmの偏平状金属
めっき粉体40〜150重量部含有する発熱抵抗体用塗
料を、帯状電極を備えた絶縁基板に塗布し、発熱抵抗体
用塗膜を形成してなる面状発熱体。1. A heating resistor paint containing 40 to 150 parts by weight of a flat metal plating powder having an average diameter of 5 to 100 μm and a thickness of 0.01 to 20 μm with respect to 100 parts by weight of a resin solid content. A planar heating element formed by applying a coating for a heating resistor on an insulating substrate provided with electrodes.
白雲母、金雲母、ガラス及びプラスチックフレークであ
ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の面状発熱体。2. A base material of the metal plating powder, wherein the base material is sericite,
2. The sheet heating element according to claim 1, wherein the heating element is muscovite, phlogopite, glass or plastic flake.
ッケル、銅、銀及びこれらの多層又は合金から成る群よ
り選択されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の面
状発熱体。3. The planar heating element according to claim 1, wherein the plating metal of the metal plating powder is selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper, silver, and a multilayer or alloy thereof.
架橋性の樹脂を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の面
発熱体。4. The resin component in the heating resistor paint,
The surface heating element according to claim 1, further comprising a crosslinkable resin.
リート、木材、スレート、ガラス、セラミックス、紙又
は絶縁被覆を施した金属であることを特徴とする請求項
1記載の面状発熱体。5. The planar heating element according to claim 1, wherein the insulating substrate is made of plastic, concrete, wood, slate, glass, ceramics, paper, or metal having an insulating coating.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6090190A JP3032839B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Planar heating element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6090190A JP3032839B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Planar heating element |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP1279813A Division JPH0715830B2 (en) | 1989-10-30 | 1989-10-30 | Sheet heating element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0714665A JPH0714665A (en) | 1995-01-17 |
JP3032839B2 true JP3032839B2 (en) | 2000-04-17 |
Family
ID=13991571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP6090190A Expired - Lifetime JP3032839B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 | 1994-04-27 | Planar heating element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP3032839B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008293670A (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2008-12-04 | Panasonic Corp | Resistor composition, and surface heat generating body using this |
FR3060423A1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-22 | Compagnie Plastic Omnium | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR PAINTING A PARTS OF A MOTOR VEHICLE USING A HEATED PRIMARY |
JP2021015692A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-02-12 | 株式会社Jr西日本テクシア | Planar heating element |
WO2023190281A1 (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-05 | 坂口電熱株式会社 | Planar heating device |
CN114908612A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-16 | 山东世纪阳光纸业集团有限公司 | Temperature induction decorative paper and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
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JPS48101455A (en) * | 1972-04-03 | 1973-12-20 | ||
JPS6033133B2 (en) * | 1982-10-28 | 1985-08-01 | 工業技術院長 | Method for producing mica with metal coating |
-
1994
- 1994-04-27 JP JP6090190A patent/JP3032839B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH0714665A (en) | 1995-01-17 |
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