JP2922776B2 - Right-angle gear reducer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a quadrature shaft gear reducer suitable for use in a distribution machine or the like in combination with a motor, and more particularly to a quadrature shaft gear reducer having an improved gear box structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a gear reducer is mounted on a motor and used as a so-called geared motor, the maximum dimension (longitudinal dimension) of the gear reducer with a motor is generally in the axial direction of the motor. Therefore, when the gear reducer with a motor is to be used, for example, for driving a conveyor, it is best to arrange the direction of the maximum dimension (the direction of the motor shaft) parallel to the conveyor. However, to drive the conveyor shaft, the output shaft of the gear reducer must be parallel to the conveyor shaft. Therefore, from such a viewpoint, an orthogonal shaft gear reducer in which the output shaft is orthogonal to the motor shaft (input shaft) is widely used.

FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of a conventional orthogonal shaft gear reducer.

FIG. 7 shows a VII-O1-O2-VI of FIG.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-O2-VIII of FIG. 6.

[0005] This reduction gear is a motor shaft 1 of the motor 100.
02 and the output shaft 116 that rotate integrally with the
, A first-stage parallel shaft reduction unit r1 composed of a first-stage pinion 109 and a first-stage gear 110 integrally formed with the input shaft 102A, and power from the first-stage parallel shaft reduction unit r1. Receiving the second bevel pinion 112 and the bevel pinion 112 while meshing with the bevel pinion 112
Second-stage bevel gear 1 that changes the rotation direction by 90 °
13, a second-stage orthogonal axis reduction unit r2, and a third-stage pinion 114 receiving power from the second-stage orthogonal axis reduction unit r2.
And an output gear fixed to the output shaft 116 (third-stage gear)
And a third-stage parallel shaft reduction section r3 composed of 115.

[0006] Each of these speed reducers r1 to r3 is housed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped gear box 105. This gear box 10
5 is a face f5 from which the input shaft 102A protrudes out of the six faces f1 to f6 and a face f6 facing the face f5 are fully open faces, a motor joint cover 103 is provided on the face f5, and a gear box cover 122 is provided on the face f6. Each is arranged (after assembling of each reduction part r1-r3).

In each of the drawings, reference numerals 118A, 118
B is a bevel pinion bearing, 119A and 119B are third-stage pinion bearings, 120A and 120B are output shaft bearings, 12
Reference numeral 1 denotes a bevel pinion housing.

In general, in such an orthogonal shaft gear reducer, the size of the coupling to the counterpart machine, which is determined by the size of the output shaft 116 and the gear box 105, is increased from small to large according to the demands of the market. Divided into several types, prepared in advance as a sub-series (generally referred to as “frame number”), and grouped several types of reduction ratios in advance with the same frame number, Prepare as a series,
It is possible to respond to various users.

In the orthogonal shaft gear reducer as described above, the parallel shaft gear reducer is more advantageous in low noise, which is an important performance item. As in the above conventional example, the first stage is a parallel shaft gear reduction unit, the second stage is an orthogonal shaft gear reduction unit such as a bevel gear set, and the third stage is a parallel shaft gear reduction unit.
Since the torque is smaller than that of the second and third reduction units, a relatively small and inexpensive first reduction unit is provided with a number of gear types for adjusting the reduction ratio. It is said that it is advantageous in terms of cost and performance to prepare one or two types of reduction ratios for the stage. In this case, the third gear (output gear) fixed or integrally formed with the output shaft is the largest gear.

On the other hand, a gear box for accommodating gears, shafts, bearings and the like is required to be lightweight and have high rigidity. For this purpose, it is advantageous to have a small number of openings. In the orthogonal shaft gear reducer in the above-described conventional example, among the faces f5 and f4 supporting the output shaft among the faces f5 on which the motor 100 is attached and the faces parallel to the motor shaft 102, the openings 130 are necessarily provided. 132 are provided.

However, in the case of a speed reducer using a bevel gear set in the second stage, when the output gear 115 is to be stored from the surface f5 having the motor-side opening,
Since it interferes with the bevel pinion housing 121, the output shaft 116 incorporating the output gear 115 cannot be housed.

Therefore, in this conventional example, as described above, the opening 134 is provided on the facing surface f6 of the motor mounting surface, from which the output gear 115 and the bevel gear 113 are stored.
A structure is adopted in which the gear box cover 122 covers the cover.

[0013]

However, in the conventional orthogonal shaft gear reducer having such a structure, the output shaft 116 cannot be accommodated from the open surface f6, and therefore, the output shaft 116 cannot be accommodated. Alternatively, there is a problem that the output gear 115 inserted from the surface f4 and inserted from the side of the surface f6 at this time needs to be assembled "in the gear box 105".

Similarly, it is necessary to assemble the bevel gear 113 and the third-stage pinion 114 "inside the gear box", which is extremely difficult to assemble, requires a long working time, and makes it extremely difficult to confirm and disassemble the working result. There was a problem that is.

The face f6 is open and the gear box cover 12
2 is a structure in which the cover is fixed with bolts (not shown) and the rigidity is reduced accordingly, and it is difficult to use this surface as an installation surface, and the degree of freedom in installation is reduced. There was also.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and has a high rigidity, assembling of an output shaft and an output gear (third-stage gear), a bevel gear and a third-stage pinion. The purpose of the present invention is to make it possible to perform the assembling outside the gear box, thereby shortening the working time, facilitating confirmation of the working result, and ensuring ease of disassembly and reassembly.

Also, by basically preventing the cover and the bolt from being present on the surface opposite to the surface on which the motor is mounted, it is possible to use this surface as a mounting surface, and accordingly, a gear box having a large degree of freedom in mounting. Its purpose is to gain.

[0018]

The present invention comprises an input shaft and an output shaft, a first-stage pinion fixed or integrally formed on the input shaft, and a first-stage gear engaged with the first-stage pinion. A second-stage pinion, a second-stage pinion receiving power from the first-stage parallel-axis reduction unit, and meshing with the second-stage pinion;
A second-stage orthogonal axis reduction unit including a second-stage gear to be changed;
A third-stage pinion that receives power from the second-stage orthogonal axis reduction unit;
And a third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit including a third-stage gear fixed to or integrally formed with the output shaft while meshing with the third-stage pinion.
A gear box in which the first-stage to third-stage reduction portions are housed, the entire appearance is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and six surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped are basically formed integrally, and The outermost tooth tip circle of the second-stage gear of the second-stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit and the third-stage gear of the third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit are formed on the surface from which the output shaft projects. The above problem has been solved by providing an opening having a shape capable of simultaneously including the two projected tooth tips when the tooth tips are projected onto the output shaft projecting surface. Things.

The shape of the opening is similar to the shape formed by connecting the two projected addendum circles with a common tangent line of each addendum circle, and the shape having a slightly larger dimension. Thus, it is possible to rationally balance securing of rigidity and ease of assembly.

In the gear box, a surface facing the surface from which the input shaft protrudes is formed of a surface having no opening, and the surface facing the gear box is provided with a mating machine or base. It is preferable to form a built-up portion to be an installation surface for installation on the surface.

Alternatively, the gear box has at least one surface other than the surface from which the input shaft protrudes and the surface from which the output shaft protrudes, and a mounting surface for mounting the gear box to a mating machine or a base. It is preferable that a built-up portion for performing the work is formed.

Further, it is preferable that the output shaft is hollow, and a driven shaft of a mating machine can be inserted into the hollow portion.

By adopting such a configuration, the gear box of the present invention can be installed with high rigidity and with a higher degree of freedom in combination with the fact that its six surfaces are basically continuous. Become like

[0024]

In the present invention, the gear box is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and the six surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped are basically formed integrally.

Then, an opening was formed in the surface of the gear box from which the output shaft protruded. The opening portion projects the outermost addendum circle of the second-stage gear of the second-stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit and the addendum circle of the output gear (third-stage gear) of the third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit to the output shaft. The shape is such that when projected onto a surface, the projected two addendum circles can be simultaneously included.

As a result, the output shaft, the output gear, and the output shaft bearing are assembled outside the gear box, while the second stage gear, the third stage pinion, and the bearing of the third stage pinion are assembled outside the gear box. In this state, each set can be stored in a gear box in this state, and finally, an output cover that covers this opening can be assembled.

Also, at the time of disassembly, disassembly can be easily performed by removing each set from the gear box by removing the output cover.

Since the surface from which the output shaft protrudes is conventionally difficult to use as an installation surface, even if a structure in which the output cover (corresponding to the lid) is covered with bolts or the like is adopted, particularly new obstacles are caused. Does not occur. Rather, it is possible to favorably maintain the possibility that all four surfaces except the surface to which the motor is mounted can be effectively used as installation surfaces.

Further, since the six surfaces are basically integrally formed, the rigidity can be kept very high.

[0030]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view in which an orthogonal shaft gear reducer to which the present invention is applied is combined with a motor, and FIG. 2 is a view of FIG. 1 viewed from the back, with the frontmost (face F2) side of the gear box removed. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-O-III showing the structure of the output shaft portion in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2, and FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which follows a VV line.

This orthogonal shaft gear reducer includes an input shaft 202 serving also as a motor shaft, an output shaft 216, a first-stage parallel shaft reduction unit R1, a second-stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit R2, and a third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit. And a part R3.

The first-stage parallel shaft reduction section R1 is connected to the input shaft 202.
And a first-stage gear 210 that meshes with the first-stage pinion 209.

The second-stage orthogonal axis reduction unit R2 is engaged with the bevel pinion (second-stage pinion) 212 which receives power from the first-stage parallel axis reduction unit R1, and rotates in the direction of rotation of the bevel pinion 212. And a bevel gear (second-stage gear) 213 that changes the angle by 90 °.

The third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit R3 receives the power from the second-stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit R2, and engages with the third-stage pinion 214 and the output shaft 216.
And an output gear (third-stage gear) 215 fixed to the second gear.

Here, the gear box 205 is manufactured by casting. That is, the first to third stage deceleration units R1 to R
3 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the six surfaces F1 to F6 of the rectangular parallelepiped are basically integrally formed.

The term "basically integrated" in the gear box 205 means that there is no surface whose entire surface is completely open.
Also, the term "integrally" does not necessarily mean that the gear box is manufactured by one casting, but includes, for example, a case where a gear box is divided into two parts and then integrated by welding or the like. It is a thing. In short, it is sufficient that the components are not integrated at the stage of “assembly” with bolts or the like, but are already integrated at the stage of “product of a single gear box”.

An opening 207 is formed on a surface F4 of the gear box 205 from which the output shaft 216 projects. The opening 207 is formed by the outermost tooth tip circle ρ1 of the bevel gear (second stage gear) of the second stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit R2 and the output gear 215.
Are projected onto the output shaft protruding surface F4, respectively, and have a shape that can simultaneously include the two projected tip circles.

Specifically, the shape of the opening 207 is as follows.
The shape is based on a shape formed by connecting the tooth tip circles ρ1 and ρ2 with respective common tangents S, and the size of the “circle” is slightly larger.

Hereinafter, a more specific structure will be described in detail. In FIG. 3, two types of the output shaft 216 are shown, a solid output shaft 216A and a hollow output shaft 216B, with a center line as a boundary. When the solid output shaft 216A is used, the solid output shaft 216A is connected to a driven shaft (not shown) of a mating machine through a general shaft coupling, or the driven shaft of the mating machine is hollow and is connected to the solid output shaft 216A. It is connected so as to cover. On the other hand, when the hollow output shaft 216B is used, the connection is performed by inserting a driven shaft of a partner machine into the hollow portion. In this case, the gear box 205 is simply fixed to the fixed portion of the mating machine side by an appropriate means so that the entire gear box 205 does not rotate, and the installation on the mating machine side is completed.

The bevel pinion 212 and the bevel gear 213 are provided with a bevel pinion 212A and a bevel gear 213 for a high reduction ratio with respect to the center line in FIGS.
A and two types of bevel pinion 212B and bevel gear 213B for the reduction ratio are shown. In this embodiment, the reduction ratio of the bevel gear set for the high reduction ratio is 1 /
2.9, and the reduction ratio of the bevel gear set for the reduced speed ratio is 1 / 1.5.

On the protruding surface F4 of the output shaft 216, the tip circle ρ2 of the output gear 215 and the outermost tooth tip circle ρ1 of the bevel gear (bevel gear for high reduction ratio) 213A are output.
An opening 207 is formed in such a shape that the projection on the projecting surface F4 is connected by a common tangent S and the size of the two "circles" is slightly larger. The opening 207 also serves as a seal portion of the output cover 206. The output cover 206 also serves as a housing for accommodating the output shaft bearing 220A and the third-stage pinion bearing 219A.
5 so as to close the opening 207 of the surface F4.

The facing surface F6 of the motor mounting surface (surface F5) is a surface having no opening, and the mounting surface machining overlay 222 and the screw hole machining overlay 223 are provided here. Output shaft 2
A flange portion 260 and a bolt hole 262 are formed in F1 of the surface parallel to the surface 16 so that installation by so-called leg attachment can be performed.

Incidentally, reference numeral 204 in the figure denotes an input cover, 21
1 is a bevel pinion shaft, 218A and 218B are bevel pinion bearings, 219A and 219B are third stage pinion bearings, 220A and 220B are output shaft bearings, and 221 is a bevel pinion housing.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

Output shaft 216, output gear (third stage gear) 2
15. The output shaft bearings 220A and 220B are assembled outside the gear box 205. The bevel gear 213, the third-stage pinion 214, and the third-stage pinion bearings 219A and 219B are also assembled outside the gear box 205. Then, after assembling each set in the gear box 205 through the opening 207 on the surface F4, the output cover 206 is attached with bolts or the like to complete the assembly.

At the time of disassembly, each set can be taken out of the gear box 205 by removing the output cover 206, and can be easily disassembled.

On the other hand, bevel pinion shaft 211 and bevel pinion bearings 218A, 218B, first stage gear 210
Can also be assembled to the bevel pinion housing 221 outside the gear box 205, and
Can be stored. Thereby, the bevel pinion bearing 218
A, 218B preload adjustment (to reduce backlash) can also be done outside the gearbox.

Further, since the gear box 205 basically has six surfaces F1 to F6 integrally formed, the rigidity is extremely high, and if necessary, the facing surface F6 of the motor mounting surface is built up. By using the part 222 or 223 to carry out additional processing such as machining a bolt hole here, this surface F6 can be easily set as a mounting surface. Further, since the opening is minimized, it is possible to secure a large number of surfaces on which, for example, leg-mounting type flanges are formed, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in mounting. As a result, the installation surface can be easily changed as required, and for example, the overhang from the center of the output shaft to the end of the gear box can be reduced, and the installation on the corner portion can be easily made compact. become.

In the above-described embodiment, the bevel pinion 212 and the bevel gear 21
Although the configuration is made up of 3, this can be made up of a hypoid pinion and a hypoid gear whose axis center is offset. In the case of a combination of a hypoid pinion and a hypoid gear, efficiency is slightly reduced, but noise can be reduced. In addition, since the reduction ratio can be made larger than that of the bevel gear, there is an advantage that the size of the output gear can be particularly reduced when obtaining the same reduction ratio.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Assembling of each gear etc. stored while increasing the rigidity of the gear box,
Disassembly can be performed very easily, and an excellent effect that the degree of freedom of installation of the gear box can be maintained high can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state where an orthogonal shaft gear reducer to which the present invention is applied is combined with a motor.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged rear view of FIG. 1 viewed from the rear and removing the forefront of a gear box.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the conventional orthogonal shaft gear reducer with the frontmost gear box removed.

7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-O1-O2-VII in FIG.

8 is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

202: input shaft (motor shaft) 216 (216A, 216B): output shaft R1: first-stage parallel shaft reduction unit R2: second-stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit R3: third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit 207: opening 209 First-stage pinion 210: first-stage gear 212 (212A, 212B): bevel pinion (second-stage pinion) 213 (A), 213 (B): bevel gear (second-stage gear) 214: third-stage pinion 215 Output gear (third stage gear) 222, 223: Overlay F1 to F6: Surface

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16H 57/02 F16H 1/20 H02K 7/116

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] An input shaft and an output shaft; a first-stage pinion fixed to or integrated with the input shaft; and a first-stage parallel shaft reduction unit including a first-stage gear engaged with the first-stage pinion; A second stage including a second stage pinion receiving power from the first stage parallel shaft reduction portion and a second stage gear meshing with the second stage pinion and changing the rotation direction by 90 ° with respect to the second stage pinion. An orthogonal shaft reduction unit, a third-stage pinion that receives power from the second-stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit, and a third-stage gear that meshes with the third-stage pinion and is fixed or integrally formed with the output shaft. A third-stage orthogonal shaft gear reducer comprising: a third-stage parallel shaft reduction unit; and a first-stage to third-stage reduction unit that accommodates the first-stage to third-stage reduction units, and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped overall appearance. A gear box in which six surfaces of a rectangular parallelepiped are basically integrally formed; Are formed on the surface from which the output shaft protrudes, and have the same shape as the outermost tooth tip circle of the second stage gear of the second stage orthogonal shaft reduction unit and the three stages of the third stage parallel shaft reduction unit. And an opening having a shape capable of simultaneously including the two projected addendum circles when the addendum circles of the eye gear are projected onto the output shaft projecting surface, respectively. Shaft gear reducer. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the opening is
An orthogonal shaft gear reduction having a shape similar to, and slightly larger than, a shape formed by connecting the two projected addendum circles with a common tangent of each addendum circle. Machine. 3. The gear box according to claim 1 or 2,
The surface facing the surface from which the input shaft is projected is constituted by a surface having no opening, and on the facing surface, this surface is used as a mounting surface for mounting the gear box to a mating machine or base. An orthogonal shaft gear reducer, characterized in that a built-up portion is formed. 4. The gear box according to claim 1, wherein the gear box is provided on at least one surface other than the surface from which the input shaft projects and the surface from which the output shaft projects. Alternatively, an orthogonal shaft gear reducer, wherein a built-up portion for forming an installation surface for installation on a base is formed. 5. The orthogonal shaft gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein said output shaft is hollow, and a driven shaft of a mating machine is insertable into said hollow portion.