JP2838269B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator having a cutter disk rotatably disposed at a front end thereof and having a cylindrical shield shell. The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator that can be used. In this specification, a tunnel excavator is
In addition to a tunnel excavator for rock excavation, a shield excavator that assembles and excavates segments for excavating soft ground is included.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Although not shown, this type of tunnel excavator is provided with a series of cylindrical shield shells from immediately behind a front end cutter disc to a rear end.
Generally, a tunnel excavator is divided into two parts or three parts, a front body and a rear body or a front body, a middle body and a rear body, and each body is connected to be slidable in the front-rear direction or swingable in the left-right direction. Accordingly, the shield shell is also divided into two or three parts. However, conventionally, a tunnel excavator in which an opening for ground allowance or the like is provided not only in the front portion of the shield shell but also in the front and rear direction has not been put to practical use.

A device for excavating a tunnel with a tunnel excavator or the like, assembling segments, and then spraying concrete is described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-36759.

[0004]

However, in the tunnel excavator with the shield shell described above, the responsiveness to the soft part or the collapsed part of the ground is improved as compared with the excavator without the shield shell. However, there are the following disadvantages.

[0005] In other words, even if there is a place that requires local ground allowance after excavation work using a cutter disk,
If the excavator does not advance to the rear end of the shield shell, allowances cannot be made and delays will occur, during which time the ground will loosen, and it will not be possible to repair it by simple work such as spraying mortar etc. It often takes time. In such a case, conventionally, a soft portion of the ground has been reinforced by a shoring, a sheet pile or a segment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and enables an early treatment to be performed in a case where there is a need for treatment due to loosening of the ground after excavation work with a cutter disk. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator capable of minimizing the possibility of collapse of the ground and improving the safety of work in the tunnel while minimizing the possibility of collapse.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention comprises: a) a tunnel excavator having a cutter disk rotatably disposed at a front end thereof and having a cylindrical shield shell; B) providing an opening in the shield shell near the cutter disk; c)
A movable lid that can close it is openable and closable in its opening.
While providing a pair, each movable lid of the shield shell
It is configured to be independently slidable in the circumferential direction . According to the tunnel excavator of the present invention having the above configuration, the opening provided in the vicinity of the cutter disk can be opened, and if there is a risk of collapse of the ground, it is possible to take care of the opening. Because it is located in the vicinity of, early allowance is possible and allowance work is minimized. Also, a pair of
By sliding the movable lids separately,
Arbitrary size depending on the contents required for the allowance of the ground between the moving lid
Can be made, and when the allowance is completed,
The position of the mouth can be freely moved. For this, allowance
Except where necessary, the movable lid can be covered with a movable lid.
Into the shield shell (excavator) of earth and sand falling from
Inflow can be prevented .

[0008] d) a pair of the movable
Slide at least one of the lids in the circumferential direction to
Form a small opening between the moving lids and keep the width of the small opening constant
So that the pair of movable lids can slide in the same direction at the same time
Ability .

According to the tunnel excavator of claim 2,
A small opening with the width required for allowance is provided between a pair of movable lids,
While simultaneously moving the moving lid in the same direction,
Can be moved arbitrarily .

According to claim 3, e) in the opening,
It is preferable to provide a ground treatment device such as a mortar spraying device .

According to the tunnel excavator of claim 3,
Ground that is deployed inside the excavator with the opening open
The mechanical (automatic)
), And work safety is high .

[0012] As described in claim 4, f) mortar spraying device
The ground treatment device such as a
More preferably , it is movable .

According to the tunnel excavator of the fourth aspect,
While moving the small opening required for the allowance,
Move the ground treatment device at the position corresponding to the movement of the small opening.
You can pay while doing .

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing a reference example of a tunnel excavator, FIG. 2 (a) is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 (b).
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion B in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the tunnel excavator 1
A divided front body 2 and a rear body 3 are provided. A cutter disk 4 having a large number of rotatable roller cutters 4 a is rotatably disposed at the front end of the front body 2.
It is rotated by the drive motor 6 via a. The front body 2 and the rear body 3 each have a cylindrical shield shell 2a, 3a. The front part of the shield shell 3a on the rear body 3 side is slidably fitted in the rear part of the shield shell 2a on the front body 2 side. And a slide jack 5 so as to extend and contract freely. As shown in FIG. 2A, an opening 7 having a predetermined width is formed in a circumferential direction within a range of 120 ° in the present embodiment above the shield shell 2a of the front body 2. The position of the opening 7 is behind the cutter disk 4 and just in front of the shield shell 3a.

As shown in FIG. 2B, a movable lid 8 made of a plate having an arc-shaped cross section is slidably provided in the front and rear direction inside the opening 7, and is slid forward by a hydraulic cylinder 8a. When the opening 7 opens and slides backward, the opening 7 is closed. Inside the opening 7, as shown in FIG. 2A, a storage room 9 of the ground treatment device is formed, and a pair of arc-shaped rails 10 are formed on an inner peripheral wall 9a of the storage room 9 in a circumferential direction. In this example, a mortar spraying device 11 is provided so as to be able to run on the rail 10 as a ground treatment device. As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of front grippers 12 is provided between the storage chamber 9 of the front body 2 and the cutter disk 4 so as to be spaced apart in the circumferential direction so as to be able to freely enter and exit in the radial direction. Further, a pair of rear grippers 13 is disposed at a substantially circumferential center of the rear trunk 3 at an interval in the circumferential direction so as to freely enter and exit in the radial direction.

At the rear end of the rear trunk 3, a plurality of shield jacks 14 are arranged rearwardly at intervals in the circumferential direction. A turning ring 15 is fixedly provided at the center of the rear end, and an erector device 15a is attached to the turning ring 15. Further, a roller conveyor device 16 is disposed slightly upward from the inside of the bulkhead 4 b immediately behind the cutter disk 4 to the rear of the tunnel excavator 1.

The tunnel excavator 1 according to this embodiment is constructed as described above, and the tunnel excavator 1 performs an excavation operation as follows. That is, in FIG. 1, in the rock excavation work, the rear gripper 13 of the rear body 3 is made to protrude outward and is pressed against the ground (rock) so that the rear body 3 is excavated.
The slide jack 5 is extended while the cutter disc 4 is rotated while the
To advance and excavate. In a normal excavation operation, the operation is performed with the opening 7 closed by the movable lid 8. Since the location of the ground requiring the treatment can be predicted by a geological survey or the like, when excavating the location requiring the treatment, the movable lid 8 is slid forward by the contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 8a to open the opening 7. Then, the mortar is sprayed from the mortar spraying device 11 toward the ground to the ground (in the vicinity of the face) immediately after excavation by the rotation of the cutter disk 4 while the mortar is being blown from one side to the other along the rail 10 in the circumferential direction. To move. As a result, the surface of the ground is sprayed and covered with the mortar of a fast curing property, so that it is prevented from collapsing and work safety is improved. Hereinafter, when the slide jack 5 is extended to the maximum, the front body 2 is fixed by projecting the front gripper 12 outward, and then the rear gripper 13 is fixed.
To retract the slide jack 5 to the maximum, and pull the rear trunk 3 toward the front trunk 2. Excavation is performed by repeating the above-described operation procedure. When excavating a place where the ground is stable, the excavation is performed with the opening 7 closed by the movable lid 8 as described above.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a tunnel excavator 1 'according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the excavator 1' of this embodiment is different from the excavator 1 of the above-described reference example. Is the next point. That is, instead of the movable lid 8 that slides in the front-rear direction, a movable lid 8 ′ that slides in the circumferential direction is provided, and a pair of left and right movable lids 8 ′ is provided, and each movable lid 8 ′ slides independently. A small opening having a width necessary for spraying mortar from the mortar spraying device 11 is formed between the pair of movable lids 8 'and 8', and both movable lids 8 'and 8' hold the small opening. And it is configured to be movable in conjunction with the mortar spraying device 11.
Specifically, a pair of movable lids 8 'and 8' curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction are slidably disposed in the circumferential direction below the opening 7, and each movable lid 8 'and 8' A rack 8b is fixed to the lower front end, and a hydraulic motor 17 is mounted on the frame 2b of the front body 2.
And a pinion 17 b is attached to the drive shaft 17 a of the motor 17.
And the movable lid 8 ′ is slid by the rotation of the motor 17 by meshing with the rack 8 b. In addition, a self-propelled driving device (not shown) is attached to the mortar spraying device 11 in the storage room 9, and is linked with the movement of the movable lid 8 '(small opening). Since other members are common, they are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

The tunnel excavator 1 'of the present embodiment can not only perform early treatment by spraying mortar on the easily collapsed ground near the face, but also perform the work by opening the mortar by a width necessary for spraying the mortar. Therefore, there is an advantage that the movable cover 8 ′ can prevent the ground from collapsing, and can prevent earth and sand falling from the ground from flowing into the storage chamber 9 from the opening 7.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the tunnel excavator of the present invention can be implemented as follows.

In a tunnel excavator divided into a front trunk, a middle trunk, and a rear trunk, an opening is provided in the front trunk, and the movable lid can be freely opened and closed. Also not split,
A tunnel excavator in which a so-called shield shell is continuous from immediately behind to the rear end of the cutter disk can also be provided with an opening and a movable lid near the cutter disk of the shield shell. By providing an opening and a movable lid particularly at a position where it moves integrally with the cutter disk as in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to sequentially treat the ground near the face.

The ground treatment device is not limited to the mortar spraying device 11 and uses, for example, a rock bolt driving machine according to the type of the ground. In addition, the worker may treat the ground using a chemical liquid injector or the like from inside the tunnel excavator without equipping the ground treatment device.

An excavator having a shield shell can be applied regardless of whether it is an excavator, a bedrock, or a soft ground.

By using three or more movable lids 8 ′ to form two or more small openings and simultaneously moving the tunnel excavator 1 ′ in the front-rear direction or the circumferential direction, it is possible to treat the ground.

The movable lids 8 and 8 ′ are not limited to plates,
For example, it may be reinforced with a frame.

[0028]

As is apparent from the above description,
The tunnel excavator according to the present invention has the following excellent effects.

(1) A mortar is placed on the ground that is likely to collapse near the face.
Not only can you give early benefits by spraying
Since the work can be done by opening the necessary width, the movable lid
To prevent the collapse of the ground, and where necessary for allowance
Any size required for allowance while covered with movable lid except for
You can work by making an opening in the ground, so you fall from the ground
It is possible to prevent earth and sand from flowing into the tunnel excavator.
I can .

(2) In the tunnel excavator according to claim 2,
A small opening with the width required for allowance is provided between a pair of movable lids,
While simultaneously moving the moving lid in the same direction,
Do not move the ground allowance device with the
You can allow allowances, so that earth and sand flow between allowances.
Never enter .

(3) In the tunnel excavator according to claim 3,
With the opening open, use the ground treatment equipment in the excavator.
And mechanically (automatically) allowances regardless of the manual work of the workers
Work safety is high .

(4) In the tunnel excavator according to claim 4,
While moving the small opening required for the allowance,
Move the ground treatment device at the position corresponding to the movement of the small opening.
While the allowance can be made, the earth and sand, etc., during the allowance
Work safely and automatically without inflow .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention.

2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion B in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a central longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the tunnel excavator of the present invention.

4A is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is an enlarged sectional view of a portion B of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ・ 1 ′ Tunnel excavator 2 Front trunk 2a ・ 3a Shield shell 3 Rear trunk 4 Cutter disk 7 Opening 8.8 ′ Movable lid 8a Hydraulic cylinder 8b Rack 9 Storage room 10 Rail 11 Mortar spraying device (ground mountain allowance device) 17 Hydraulic motor 17b Pinion

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-4-343996 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tunnel excavator having a cutter disk rotatably disposed at a front end thereof and having a cylindrical shield shell, wherein an opening is provided in the shield shell in the vicinity of the cutter disk. A movable lid that can close it can be opened and closed
While providing a pair, each movable lid of the shield shell
A tunnel excavator characterized in that it is configured to be independently slidable in a circumferential direction . 2. A method according to claim 2 , wherein at least one of said pair of movable lids is circular.
Sliding in the circumferential direction to form a small opening between the movable lids
And the pair of movable parts so as to keep the width of the small opening constant.
2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1 , wherein the lid is slidable simultaneously in the same direction . 3. A mortar spraying device or the like in the opening.
The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a ground treatment device . 4. Ground treatment equipment such as a mortar spraying apparatus.
3. The tunnel excavator according to claim 2, wherein the tunnel excavator is movable in accordance with the movement of the small opening .