JP2821499B2 - Underground drilling method and underground drilling tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to inserting a hydraulic drilling tool from the ground surface into the ground,
Discharge the fluid supplied from the ground into the soil from the tip of the drilling tool, soften the soil with the discharged fluid, and discharge the softened soil using underground holes, for example, buried pipes and underground structures The present invention relates to an underground excavation method for forming a cavity in the ground for inspecting and repairing an object, or strengthening the ground, and an underground excavation tool used for the method.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in order to form a hollow portion having a diameter larger than the depth of an underground hole into which an excavator is inserted, as shown in FIG. Water jet (4
2) erupted, the soil was disintegrated by the impact energy of the water jet (42), and the softened soil was pushed up to the ground surface by water pressure.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in order to make the diameter of the cavity sufficiently large, it is necessary to supply a large amount of high-speed water at a considerably high pressure, so that the ground rises due to high water pressure, soil collapse and softening unnecessarily over a wide range, Various troubles such as damage to buried pipes due to water jets, noise and vibration due to the impact of water jets, environmental pollution due to the generation of a large amount of sewage, and
It requires large facilities for water supply and requires a large amount of power cost, which is disadvantageous in terms of occupying roads, securing work space, and construction costs.

An object of the present invention is to enable a large-diameter cavity to be formed by discharging liquid at a low pressure, thereby raising the ground, causing unnecessary soil collapse and softening, damaging buried objects, generating noise and vibration, and discharging. An object of the present invention is to enable construction in a favorable state in which troubles such as environmental pollution are sufficiently suppressed and to perform construction in a state in which power costs are sufficiently reduced by a small and inexpensive liquid supply facility.

[Means for solving the problem]

A characteristic feature of the present invention is that a first fluid type drilling tool (A) provided with a cylindrical guide is used to discharge fluid to a drilling portion and to remove soil softened by the fluid into the cylindrical guide. The excavator is discharged through the softened soil discharge passage as a passage to form an excavation tool insertion hole, and the cylindrical guide is caused to enter the excavation tool insertion hole. A second fluid-type excavator (B), which is configured so that the distal end portion is swingably connected and is separate from the cylindrical guide, projects the swingable distal portion to the base end portion. In a state where the amount is small, the rockable tip portion is inserted from the ground surface through the internal passage until the rockable tip portion is located below the cylindrical guide, and the rockable tip portion is introduced into the soil. Discharging the fluid supplied from the ground, and the soil around the swingable tip side portion. By softening the rockable tip side portion in a direction in which the amount of overhang with respect to the base end portion increases, thereby expanding the softening range of the soil, and forming the softened soil into the cylindrical shape. From the inside passage of the guide,
The operation and effect are as follows, because it is eliminated by the suction device on the ground.

(Operation)

In this underground excavation method,
First and second fluid-type excavators capable of discharging fluid into the soil to soften the soil are used. Here, the first
The hydraulic drilling tool has a cylindrical guide, and in a state where the internal passage of the cylindrical guide is used as a passage for discharging the softened soil, the fluid is discharged to the drilling unit, and the drilling tool insertion hole is formed. Form. Further, the second fluid type excavator is configured to be insertable into the cylindrical guide through an internal passage thereof, and employs a unique structure as described below. In the excavation work by the second fluid type excavator, the internal passage of the cylindrical guide is used as a passage for discharging the softened soil.

In the operation, the first fluid type drilling tool drills a hole in the drilling tool insertion hole, and inserts the cylindrical guide to a predetermined portion in the hole. This excavation insertion work is shown in FIG.
(A, b, c) The excavation is performed by effectively using a cylindrical guide.

In this way, after forming the excavation tool insertion hole,
Proceed through the following steps. The explanation here is given in FIG.
(C) Subsequent work.

A state in which the distal end portion that can swing with respect to the proximal end portion of the second fluid type excavator has a small amount of overhang, that is, a folded state in which the distal end portion is close to the proximal end portion, or
It is inserted into the ground in a stretched state in which the distal portion extends toward the tip of the base portion. By doing so, the diameter of the underground hole into which the second hydraulic excavator is inserted into the ground can be made sufficiently small.

Then, the liquid is discharged from the discharge port of the tip side portion provided in the second fluid type excavation tool to soften the soil around the tip side portion, and as the soil softens, the tip side portion has gravity, The spring increases the amount of overhang to the base end portion by operation from the ground to increase the extent of soil softening, and also softens the soil through the internal passage of the cylindrical guide to the ground. The hole is discharged from the hole, so that a cavity having a larger diameter than the underground hole into which the drilling tool is inserted is formed in the ground.

Therefore, even if the liquid discharged from the distal end portion into the soil is discharged at a low pressure, at a low speed, and at a small flow rate, the soil near the distal end portion is softened by the infiltration of the liquid, the shaking of the distal end portion is caused. By rotating, if necessary, a rotating operation can be performed to form a cavity with a sufficiently large diameter.Lower pressure, lower speed, and lower flow rate of the discharge liquid cause the ground to rise due to liquid discharge, unnecessary Problems such as collapse and softening of soil, damage to buried objects, generation of noise and vibration, and environmental pollution due to earth removal can be sufficiently suppressed. Further, by making the liquid supply equipment small and inexpensive, the problem of occupying the road and securing the work space can be sufficiently mitigated, and the power cost required for liquid supply can be sufficiently reduced.

〔The invention's effect〕

As a result, the work of forming a hollow part having a diameter sufficiently larger than the underground hole for inserting the second fluid type drilling rig in the ground in a favorable state with extremely few troubles, and sufficiently reduced the equipment cost and the operating cost. It can be executed in a state where the work space is small and traffic obstacles can be alleviated in construction on the road.

Also, it has become possible to provide an underground excavation tool convenient for such advantageous construction.

〔Example〕

 Next, examples will be described.

The underground excavation tool of the present application includes a first fluid excavation tool (A) for vertical digging and a second fluid type excavation tool (B) for forming an enlarged-diameter cavity.
And a cylindrical body (1) as a cylindrical guide provided in the first hydraulic excavator (A).
Is used for discharging the softened soil, and can also be used for inserting the second hydraulic excavator (B).

First, the first for vertical digging is shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).
The hydraulic drilling tool (A) will be described.

The water supply pipe (2) and the air supply pipe (3) are attached to the cylinder (1) in a state of being alternately arranged in the cylinder circumferential direction, and the pump (P)
Is connected to each of the water supply pipes (2), and the compressor (3) is connected to each of the air supply pipes (3). The lower end sides (2a) and (3a) of the water supply pipe (2) and the air supply pipe (3) protrude by a length 1 with respect to the cylindrical body (1), and the water supply pipe (2) and the air supply pipe (3) Outlets (2b) at the lower ends of
(3b) is formed.

A transparent hose (4) for discharging the earth is inserted into the cylindrical body (1) to near its lower end, and a suction device (5) is connected to the hose (4). The suction device (5) sucks the soil together with the fluid, and separates and recovers the soil from the fluid.

Next, a method of forming an underground hole for inserting an excavating tool using the first fluid type excavating tool (A) will be described.

(A) As shown in FIG. 2 (a), a first fluid drilling tool (A) for vertical digging is formed in a hole (7) formed by a core cutter over a pavement (6a) and a crushed stone layer (6b). Is set.

(B) The pump (P), the compressor (C), and the suction device (5) are operated, and as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the first hydraulic excavator (A) is pushed down by a distance 1 to supply water. Lower ends (2a), (3a) of the pipe (2) and the supply pipe (3)
Into the ground.

Then, the permeation of the water discharged from the lower end of the water supply pipe (2) and the disturbance of the air jetted from the lower end of the air supply pipe (3) cooperate with the pipes (2) and (3). Collapsed ground and softened soil, and softened by the cooperation of the lifting action of water and air from the pipes (2) and (3) and the suction action of the suction device (5). The soil is fed into the hose (4) and the air sucked into the hose (4) through the space between the cylinder (1) and the hose (4) by the action of the suction device (5), from the air supply pipe (3) Air, water from the water supply pipe (2), and the softened soil are sent to the suction device (5) from the hose (4) as a multiphase flow.

(C) As shown in FIG. 2 (c), if most of the softened soil is discharged, the excavation tool (A) is used in the same manner as in (a) above.
Is pushed down by a distance l to collapse the ground below and send it to the suction device (5).

(D) Thereafter, the operation of the above item (c) is repeated to excavate and form an underground hole having a predetermined depth.

(E) After forming the underground hole, the pump (P), the compressor (C), and the suction device (5) are stopped, the hose (4) is pulled out, and as shown in FIG. ) Is pulled up by an appropriate distance, and the second fluid-type excavator (B) for forming the enlarged-diameter cavity portion is inserted into the cylindrical body (1).
Is connected to the pump (B) and the compressor (C), and the cylinder (1) is connected to the suction device (5). Here, the pump (B) and the compressor (C) are common to those used previously.

As shown in FIGS. 2 (d) and 3, a water supply pipe (8), an intake pipe (9), and a connector are used to form the second fluid type drilling tool (B) for forming the enlarged diameter cavity. A base end comprising a water supply branch pipe (11) connected to the water supply pipe (8) via (10) and a suction branch pipe (12) connected to the air supply pipe (9) via the connector (10). A side portion (X), a water supply tip side portion (13) and a gas supply tip side portion (14) in which a large number of discharge ports (13a) and (14a) are formed in a dispersed manner are provided. The branch pipe for water supply (11) and the tip side part (13), and the branch pipe for air supply (12) and the tip side part (14) are connected by a rotary joint (15), respectively. ), (14), the amount of overhang relative to the proximal end (X) is
It can be changed by the swing of 3) and (14). Water supply tip (13) and air supply tip (14)
Are arranged alternately so that water and air can be supplied to the soil as evenly as possible.

(F) As shown in FIG. 2 (d), the tip side portion (13),
(14) is folded so as to approach the proximal portion (X), and the second fluid-type excavator (14) is mounted in a state where the overhang of the distal portions (13) and (14) with respect to the proximal portion (X) is small. B) is inserted into the cylindrical body (1), and as shown in FIG. 2 (e), the distal end portions (13) and (14) are inserted below the cylindrical body (1), and the distal end portion is inserted. (13) and (14) are brought into contact with the soil by their own weight swing.

(G) The pump (P), the compressor (C), and the suction device (5) are operated, and as shown in FIG. 2 (f), the cylindrical body (1) with the base end portion (X) fixed. Is pushed down, and the tip side portions (13) and (14) are gradually lowered and swung by the pressing force of the cylindrical body (1), and the tip side portions (13) and (14) are extended to the base end portion (X). Increase volume.

At this time, the permeation of the water discharged from the water supply tip side part (13) and the disturbance of the air ejected from the air supply tip side part (14) cause the periphery of the tip side parts (13) and (14) to be disturbed. The soil is softened and collapsed, and the range of softening of the soil is expanded with the swinging of the tip portions (13) and (14). In addition, the collapsed soil is sent into the cylinder (1) by the cooperation of the pushing action by the water and air from the tip side parts (13) and (14) and the sucking action of the suction device (5). The air and the collapsed soil are made into a multiphase flow and sent from the soil discharge passage (35) in the cylinder (1) to the suction device (5).

(H) Further, as in the above (g), the tip side portion (1
3), (14) is gradually lowered, and the tip side (13), (1)
4) reduce the amount of overhang to the proximal end portion (X),
And a suction device for sucking collapsed soil in the same manner as in the above item (g) (5)
As shown in Fig. 2 (g).
3) When (14) is located within the range corresponding to the previously formed underground hole, the pump (B), the compressor (C), and the suction device (5) are stopped, and the excavator (B) is stopped. ), The cylindrical body (1) is collected, and as shown in FIG. 2 (H), a hollow portion (17) having a diameter larger than the underground hole (16) for inserting a drilling tool is formed in the ground.

(I) Using underground holes (16) and cavities (17) to inspect buried pipes and underground structures using fiberscopes,
Perform the required measures such as leak detection of buried pipes, confirmation of joint position, repair of buried pipes by injecting, applying or spraying sealing material, and strengthening of the ground by injecting concrete.
6) and cavities (17) backfilled, pavements (6a) repaired,
Complete the construction.

In addition, the water supply pressure by the pump (P) is about 1-3 kg / cm ² ,
The amount of water supply is about 1-2 / min. The air pressure supplied by the compressor (C) is about 1-2 kg / cm ² ,
It is about 5 / min.

(Another embodiment)

 Next, another embodiment will be described.

The second fluid-type excavator (B) for forming the enlarged-diameter cavity portion can be appropriately changed in its specific structure, and for example, the following items (a) to (e) can be used.

(A) As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the tip side portion (13),
(14) is connected to the connector (10) by a flexible tube (18), and the distal portion (13) and (14) are swung with respect to the proximal portion (X) by the bending deformation of the tube (18). Make it movable.

(B) As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the proximal end portion (X) and the distal end portions (13) and (14) were formed of a series of flexible tubes and bound with a band (19). The distal end portions (13) and (14) are allowed to swing by bending of the tube with respect to the proximal end portion (X).

(C) As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the tip side portion (20),
Branches (20a) and (21a) are provided on (21), and one distal end portion (20) is integrally connected to the proximal end portion (X) in a state of extending forward, while the other end portion is connected to the other end portion. Tip side (21)
Are swingably connected by a rotary joint (15).

(D) As shown in FIG. 4 (d), the distal end portion (22) is formed in a plate shape and is swingably connected to the proximal end portion (X) by a flexible tube (11). .

(E) As shown in FIG. 4 (e), a number of distal end portions (23) made of a flexible tube are circumferentially arranged and connected to a plurality of longitudinal portions of the proximal end portion (X), respectively. Each of the distal portions (23) is allowed to swing with respect to the proximal portion (X) by its bending.

(F) As shown in FIG. 4 (f), the distal end portion (24) composed of one pipe is swung by the rotary joint (15) with respect to the proximal end portion (X) composed of one pipe. Connect as possible.

In short, the distal end portion (1
3, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24) may be connected so as to be swingable.

In order to insert the second fluid-type excavation tool (B) for forming the enlarged-diameter cavity from the ground surface into the ground, it can be appropriately changed by specific means.

(B) Swingable tip (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24)
In order to reduce the amount of overhang to the base end portion (X),
The distal portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23, or 24) may be in an extended state in which the distal portion (X) is extended toward the tip of the proximal portion (X).

The fluid discharged from the tip side portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24) into the soil may be only a liquid such as water, or may be a gas-liquid mixture such as water and air. Further, the supply pressure, supply amount, discharge speed and the like of the fluid can be appropriately selected according to the properties of the soil.

The specific means for swinging the swingable distal end portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24) in the direction in which the amount of protrusion with respect to the base end portion (X) increases can be appropriately changed. A)-
The means of the items (a) to (e) or (B)-(a) to (c) can be used.

(A) When the second fluid type excavator (B) is inserted in a folded state.

(A) As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the tip side portion (24) is lowered and oscillated by its own weight.

(B) As shown in FIG. 5 (b), a weight (25) is attached to the distal end portion (24), and the distal end portion (24) is lowered and oscillated by the gravity of the weight (25).

(C) As shown in FIG. 5 (c), a spring (26) is provided over the proximal end portion (X) and the distal end portion (24),
The tip part (24) is swung downward by the restoring force of the spring (26).

(D) As shown in FIG. 5 (d), an operating member (27) slidable along the base end portion (X) and a distal end portion (13),
(14) is connected by a link (28), and the operation member (27) is lowered from the ground to swing the tip end portions (13) and (14) downward.

(E) As shown in FIG. 5 (e), a bag-like body (30) is provided which expands by the supply of fluid from the pressurizing pipe (29), and the bag-like body (30) is expanded by the supply of fluid from the ground. The tip part (24) is swung downward.

(B) When the second fluid type drilling tool (B) is inserted in an extended state.

(A) As shown in FIG. 5 (f), a spring (31) is provided over the distal end portion (X) and the distal end portion (24),
The tip (24) is raised and rocked by the restoring force of the spring (31).

(B) As shown in FIG. 5 (g), pull out the lifting tool (32) connected to the tip side portion (24) to the ground, pull the tool (32) from the ground, and The side part (24) is swung upward.

(C) As shown in FIG. 5 (h), a bag-like body (33) is provided which expands by the supply of fluid from the pressurizing pipe (29), and the bag-like body (33) is inflated by the supply of fluid from the ground. Tip side (13),
(14) is swung upward.

Means for swinging the front end portion (13, 14, or 24) on the ground in the direction of increasing the amount of overhang is collectively referred to as forced swing means.

In the swinging of the above-mentioned distal portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24), the swing angle can be appropriately selected, and by rotating the proximal portion (X) from the ground, The tip portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24) may be rotated or reciprocated.

The specific means for discharging the softened soil can be appropriately changed.

(A) As shown in FIG. 6, a cylinder (34) having a double structure is used in place of the cylinder (1) having a single structure, and an inner cylinder (34) is used.
A suction device (5) is continuously provided in (a), and an intake passage (36) for supplying air from the ground to the inlet of the softened soil discharge passage (35) between the inner tube (34a) and the outer tube (34b). ) May be formed to smooth the soil discharge by the air from the intake path (36).

That is, the specific structure of the cylinders (1) and (34) forming the softened soil discharge passage (35) in the underground hole can be appropriately changed, and they are collectively referred to as cylinder guides (1 or 34).

The shape, dimensions, and the like of the enlarged diameter hollow portion (17) can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use, and may be, for example, as described in (a) and (b) below.

(A) As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the tip side portion (13),
After increasing the overhang amount by the downward swing of (14), the
As shown in Fig. (B), the base end portion (X) is moved in the insertion direction to reduce the amount of protrusion of the front end portions (13) and (14) by pressing the soil, etc. Part (1
Increase the overhang amount in 3) and (14) again. After the underground excavation shown in FIG. 7 (b) is performed an appropriate number of times, as shown in FIG. 7 (c), a vertically enlarged cavity (17) is formed.

(B) When the overhang amount is increased by the upward swing of the distal end portions (13) and (14), the proximal end portion (X) is moved in the pull-out direction, and the distal end portions (13) and (14) are moved. The overhang is reduced, and a vertically enlarged cavity (17) is formed in the same manner as in (a) above.

(C) As shown in FIG. 8, the underground excavation method for forming the enlarged diameter hollow portion (17) is performed at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the underground pipe (37), and the underground excavation pipe (37) is formed. Form an underground cavity (17) that is convenient for longitudinal continuous inspection, leak detection, joint position confirmation, injection of sealing material, etc.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure and the method of the accompanying drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a conceptual diagram of a hydraulic drilling tool for vertical digging, and FIG. 2 (b).
Fig. 1 (a) is a view taken along the arrow R, Fig. 2 (a) to 2 (h) are conceptual diagrams showing the construction procedure of the underground excavation method, and Fig. 3 is a fluid type for forming a large-diameter cavity. It is a conceptual diagram of a drilling tool. 4th
(A) to (f) are conceptual diagrams showing another embodiment of the fluid-type excavating tool for forming a large-diameter cavity according to the present invention. FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (h) are conceptual diagrams showing another embodiment relating to the swinging of the tip side portion in the fluid-diameter excavating tool for forming a large-diameter cavity according to the present invention. FIGS. 6, 7 (a) to (c), and FIG. 8 are conceptual diagrams showing another embodiment of the underground excavation method of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional example. (1 or 34) ... cylindrical guide, (5) ... suction device, (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24) ... distal end portion, (16) ...
Underground hole for insertion of drilling tools, (17) ... hollow, (26 or 31)
... spring, (35) ... soil discharge passage, (36) ...
... intake path, (37) ... underground pipe, (B) ... fluid drilling rig, (X) ... base end portion.

Claims (11)

(57) [Claims] A first fluid type drilling tool (A) having a cylindrical guide (1 or 34) is used to discharge fluid to a drilling portion and to remove soil softened by the fluid into a cylindrical shape. It is discharged through a softened soil discharge passage (35) which is an internal passage of the guide to form an excavation tool insertion hole (16), and the cylindrical shape is inserted into the excavation tool insertion hole (16). The guide (1 or 34) is made to enter, and the distal portion (13,14,21,22,23)
Or 24) is swingably connected to each other, and a second hydraulic excavator (B) separate from the cylindrical guide (1 or 34) is provided.
In a state where the swingable distal end portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24) overhangs the base end portion (X), the swingable distal end portion (13, 14 , 21,22,23 or 2
Until 4) is located below the cylindrical guide (1 or 34), insert it through the internal passage from the ground surface, and swing the tip-side portion (13,14,21,22,23 or 24) discharging the fluid supplied from the ground into the soil to soften the soil around the rockable tip side portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24); The possible distal end portion is swung in the direction in which the amount of protrusion with respect to the proximal end portion (X) is increased, so that the softening range of the soil is expanded, and the softened soil is removed by the cylindrical guide (1 or 34). Underground excavation method in which the suction device (5) on the ground removes the internal passage from (2). 2. The swingable front end portion (13, 14, 21, 22,
2. The underground excavation method according to claim 1, wherein the overhang to the base end portion (X) is increased by swinging the tubular guide (23) with the pressing force of the cylindrical guide (1). 3. An intake passage (3) provided in said cylindrical guide (34).
The underground excavation method according to claim 2, wherein air from the ground is supplied to the entrance of the softened soil discharge passage (35) according to (6). 4. The swingable front end portion (13, 14, 21, 22,
The underground excavation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein water and air are discharged from (23) or (24). 5. The swingable front end portion (13, 14, 21, 22,
The underground excavation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 23 or 24) is rotated around the base end portion (X) with the overhang amount increased. 6. After the projecting amount of the swingable distal end portion (13, 14) is increased, the base end portion (X) is moved in the inserting or pulling-out direction with respect to the cylindrical guide, 6. The protruding amount of the oscillating distal end portion (13, 14) is reduced, and thereafter the oscillating distal end portion (13, 14) is increased again. An underground excavation method according to item 1. 7. The underground excavation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the underground excavation method is performed at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the underground pipe (37), and the excavation method is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the underground pipe (37). Cavity (1
7) Forming underground excavation method. 8. A first fluid digging tool (A) having a fluid discharge portion at a distal end portion and capable of discharging soil softened by fluid discharged from the discharge portion, wherein the internal passage is softened. Cylindrical guide (1) used as a soil discharge passage (35)
Or 34) provided with a first hydraulic excavator (A) having a distal end portion (13, 14, 21, 22, 23) with respect to a proximal end portion (X).
Or 24) is swingably connected, and the tip side portion discharges fluid, and a second fluid type drilling tool (B) is provided separately from the cylindrical guide (1 or 34). Swingable tip (13, 14, 21, 22, 23 or 24)
Can be inserted into the cylindrical guide (1 or 34) in a state where the overhang amount with respect to the base end portion (X) is small,
After being inserted into the cylindrical guide (1 or 34), it is formed so as to be able to increase the amount of protrusion to the base end portion (X) in a penetrating and protruding state protruding outside the cylindrical guide (1 or 34). Underground drilling rig. 9. The swingable front end portion (13, 14, 21, 22,
9. The underground excavator according to claim 8, wherein 23 or 24) oscillates in the direction of increasing the amount of overhang by gravity. 10. The first hydraulic drilling tool (A) and the second hydraulic drilling tool (A).
The underground excavator according to claim 8, wherein a compressor or a pump as a fluid pressurizing and supplying means for the hydraulic excavator (B) is shared between the two excavators. 11. The swingable front end portion (13, 14 or 2)
9. The underground excavator according to claim 8, further comprising a forced rocking means for rocking the ground on the ground in the direction of increasing the amount of overhang.