JP2746562B2 - Work machine overload control mechanism - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a work machine such as a combine machine, which is used when an excessive load is applied, the engine speed is reduced, and the performance of an oscillating sorting device or a grain culm conveying device is reduced. And an overload control mechanism for issuing an alarm to notify the user of the fact.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a technique relating to a traveling speed control device of a combine working machine, a technique as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-192626 is known. Further, as a technique related to a constant rotation speed control mechanism of an engine, a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-4843 and a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-256529 are known.

[0003] Conventionally, the temperature of the exhaust gas of the engine is detected by a sensor, the overload is detected by an abnormal rise in the temperature of the exhaust gas, the alarming technique, the threshing / engine rotation speed is detected by the sensor, It has also been known to know an overload due to an abnormal decrease in the rotation speed and to issue an alarm.

However, in the prior art, since the temperature rise of the exhaust gas is much slower than the actual load fluctuation,
If the load fluctuates severely, the engine may fall into an engine stall before detecting an overload, or the load may be reduced when working at a reduced rotation speed in advance to prevent damage to the grains, that is, to obtain seeds and the like. In some cases, a warning was issued even if it was low.

[0005]

[0005] All operations such as threshing and sorting of the combine working machine are performed under a constant rotation speed, so that optimum performance can be obtained. However, in the combine harvester, load fluctuations in each part are severe due to differences in the thickness of the harvested culm and the difference between long and short culms, and while the work is continuing, the engine rotation temporarily and instantaneously decreases, lowering the sorting performance, and in some cases, There is a problem in that an engine stall state is caused by the load, and unexpected stoppage of each unit due to the engine stall causes a large loss time to be taken out in order to take out the grain culm or the grain being sorted. The present invention solves the above problem by notifying the operator of the occurrence of such an overload state of the engine in advance and reducing the vehicle speed.

In order to increase the speed when driving on a road or the like, the electronic governor G is operated by operating the accelerator lever K without applying any load to the mowing, transporting and sorting parts.
Sometimes it accelerates. In such a case, the rotation speed indicated by the accelerator lever K greatly differs from the actual engine rotation speed Nact, and the actual engine rotation speed Nact is located at a position outside the predetermined rotation range. In some cases, a rotation warning was issued. The present invention is intended to eliminate such a situation in which an alarm is issued when the operator operates the accelerator lever K.

[0007]

The object of the present invention is as described above. Next, a configuration for achieving the object will be described.
In response to torque fluctuations caused by the load on the work equipment, the engine
Range of engine speed Nact is the specified engine optimum speed zone
The electronic governor G is placed on the engine E so that
The electronic governor G has a rack for detecting the position of the metering rack 3.
And the actual rotational speed Nact of the engine E
And a rotational speed sensor 4 for detecting the actual engine speed.
The rotation speed Nact is higher than the predetermined engine optimum rotation speed zone.
In the low case, the alarm
The actual engine speed Nact is the predetermined engine optimum speed zone.
Engine speed is lower than the engine speed.
Accelerator lever K in the direction of increasing the
Is operated for a certain period of time immediately after the operation.
And wait for the warning to be issued .

[0008]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 1 is an overall side view of a combine having an overload control mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an operation panel section having an alarm device, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment in which an electronic governor mechanism is provided with an overload control mechanism. FIG. 4 is a side view of the electronic governor, FIG. 5 is a partial front sectional view of the electronic governor,
6 is a control decision circuit diagram, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between an engine performance curve and an alarm output, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a control setting map, FIG. 9 is a flowchart of control by an electronic governor,
FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing a combine overload control mechanism using a mechanical governor, FIG. 11 is a control judgment circuit diagram, and FIG. 12 is a control judgment combination diagram.

Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic configuration of the combine will be described. The airframe drives the traveling device M by the driving force of the engine E, and the reaping device A is disposed at the frontmost position on the traveling device M. The cutting device A cuts while causing the falling grain stem by the raising device F disposed above the cutting device A. The harvested grain culm is fed to a threshing apparatus D composed of a handling cylinder and a handling room in a grain culm transporting apparatus B composed of an auger and a vertical feed conveyor in a state where the stock and the head are mixed. You. The grain hulls after threshing by the threshing device D become waste straw and are discharged from the rear of the machine, and the grains pass through a crimping net below and fall into a sorting device C constituted by a swing sorting unit and the like.

According to the present invention, the metering rack 3 is automatically controlled by the electronic governor G in accordance with the map shown in FIG. 8 with respect to the loads on the mowing device A, the grain culm conveying device B, the threshing device D, and the sorting device C. The fuel injection amount is increased or decreased by operating the engine, the number of rotations of each part of the combine is maintained at a predetermined number of rotations, and the number of rotations of the engine E is a predetermined number of rotations, which is an optimum rotation state, which is an optimum rotation state, as shown in FIG. The rotation speed is maintained. When a high load is applied to the extent that automatic control by the electronic governor G cannot be applied, the engine speed goes out of the optimum rotation zone, and the load ratio increases, an alarm lamp constituting the alarm device 8 on the operation panel P is turned on. Then it sounds an alarm buzzer.

FIG. 2 shows the surface of the operation panel P, and an alarm device 8 is provided. When the alarm device 8 issues an alarm, the operator operates the main transmission lever 10 or the auxiliary transmission lever 13. Slow down.
FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 show the relationship between the engine E and the electronic governor G. The control device N includes a rack position sensor that detects the rotation angle of the accelerator lever K and the operation position of the rack operation solenoid 2. 1 is input, and the actual rotation of the engine E is input by the rotation speed sensor 4,
After the determination by the control device N, the rack operation solenoid 2
To change the rotation of the engine E by operating the metering rack 3. Then, an alarm is issued by the alarm device 8 when certain alarm issuing conditions are met. 5
Is a detection gear of the rotation speed sensor 4, 7 is an accelerator sensor for detecting the rotation angle of the accelerator lever K, and 9 is a constant rotation control switch. FIG. 6 is a drawing schematically showing FIG.

The number of rotations of each part of the combiner is determined as the number of rotations required for the operation, and the operator first sets the number of rotations of the engine so as to obtain the value. The operator's setting work is only that. After that, the electronic governor G feeds back the fluctuation of the load of each part of the working machine with respect to the detected value and the fuel injection amount according to the detected value according to the map of FIG. While the rotation speed is in the optimum rotation zone, the rotation speed of each part of the combine
It is configured to maintain the set rotation speed. If the electronic governor G causes an overload that cannot be returned to the optimum rotation zone, the rotation speed of the engine E deviates from the optimum rotation speed zone and enters the overload zone of FIG. In this case, the electronic governor G issues a warning that the return is impossible and issues a warning to the operator by operating the traveling device M to reduce the speed, so that the electronic governor G can return to the optimal rotation zone. The gear is changed.

However, when the operator attempts to increase the rotation speed by operating the accelerator lever K in order to increase the speed during traveling or the like, the engine value is temporarily changed to the set value of the accelerator lever K. Since it becomes impossible to control the rotation speed of E to return to the optimum rotation zone, immediately after operating the accelerator lever K, the accelerator lever K
Since the relationship between the rotation speed and the optimum rotation zone is not constant, the warning is issued temporarily.

The operation of the overload control mechanism of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, it is determined whether or not the switch of the overload control mechanism of the combine is ON. If the switch is ON, the target rotation speed Nset of the engine E obtained from the rotation position of the accelerator lever K is recognized, Next, the actual engine speed Nact detected from the speed sensor 4 provided in the electronic governor G of the engine E is recognized. Then, as shown in FIG.
From the map stored in the OM, assuming that the rotation speed corresponding to the measured and detected engine actual rotation speed Nact is rotating under no load, the position of the metering rack 3 is shown in FIG. Is calculated using the map curve of For example, assuming that the actual engine speed Nact is 2400 rpm, the position of the metering rack 3 when the 2400 rpm is rotating with no load corresponds to the no-load equivalent rack position a on the no-load equivalent rack curve Ridl. is there.

Next, assuming that the actual engine speed Nact is rotating at a maximum load of 100%, the position of the metering rack 3 is calculated from a map. For example, if the actual rotation speed Nact is 2400 rotations,
The position of the corresponding metering rack 3 on the maximum load equivalent rack curve Rmax is the maximum load equivalent rack position b.

Next, the actual position of the metering rack 3 of the electronic governor G shown in FIG.
Recognize this. A rack operation solenoid 2 for operating the metering rack 3 is arranged. Then, the position of the rack position a corresponding to no load and the rack position b corresponding to the maximum load
, The actual load factor is calculated from the actual engine speed Nact and the next actual rack position Ract.

[0017]

(Equation 1)

From this equation, the current engine speed 240
It is clear what percentage of 0 is rotating at the load factor. In the case of the embodiment of FIG. 8, the actual rotational speed Nact is 80.
It turns out that it rotates at the load rate of%. Then, it is determined from the control circuit diagram of FIG. 6 whether the actual rotation speed Nact and the load factor need to generate an alarm.

However, when the accelerator lever K is operated to accelerate the engine from a low load state, the target rotation speed Nset of the engine E indicates a large value first, whereas the fuel reaches the injection valve and burns. Then, there is a time delay before the rotation of the crankshaft is accelerated, and since the actual rotation speed Nact is low, the actual rack position Ract calculated from the map and operated by the rack operation solenoid shows a large value. Also, the load calculated therefrom is abnormally large, which is different from the load actually applied to the work implement.

This abnormal load factor and the actual engine speed N
Even if it is determined whether an alarm is issued by act or not, an erroneous alarm will be issued, so the alarm issuance is postponed until acceleration is completed. This axelle
In order to determine whether the vehicle is accelerating by operating the bar K,
Nset 1 which was the previous target speed and this time the accelerator
Compare with target speed Nset set by operating bar K
When Nset> Nset1, the acceleration flag Fa =
It is set to 1 and it is determined that the vehicle is accelerating. And that
After that, the target speed Nset and the actual engine speed Nact
In comparison, Nset−Nact <Nok1, that is, the acceleration end judgment
The target speed Nset and the engine speed are set within the range of the constant speed difference Nok1.
When the difference between the actual rotation speeds Nact
The actual engine speed Nact 1 just before and the engine this time
The actual rotational speed Nact is compared with Nact 1−Nact <
Nok2, that is, within the range of the acceleration end determination rotational speed difference Nok2
The actual engine speed Nact 1 one time ago and the engine
When the difference between the actual rotation speeds Nact has subsided, acceleration is completed.
Therefore, the acceleration flag Fa = 0 is set. If the acceleration flag Fa = 1, the flowchart is turned to the start point and the determination is repeated. Then, the flow chart continues to flow until the acceleration flag Fa = 0. Acceleration flag Fa = 0
After that, it is determined whether or not it is necessary to issue an alarm according to the judgment circuit diagram of FIG. 6. When an alarm is issued, the alarm flag 1 is set. The alarm flag 0 is set.

Next, it is determined whether the alarm flag is 0 or 1 to determine the output of the alarm. The overload control of the combine is performed by repeating this control routine. Whether the warning is issued depends on the rotational speed of the engine E, as shown in FIG.
The rotation speed zone is determined depending on whether the rotation speed zone is in the optimum rotation zone. In the case of a load factor exceeding 90%, an alarm is issued. Figures 10 and 1
1. FIG. 12 shows an overload control mechanism of the combine when the governor is a mechanical type. Also in the case of the mechanical governor, the actual engine speed Nact is transmitted as a signal to the comparator 14 via the FV converter 15, and the set value based on the target speed Nset is transmitted to the comparator 14 as an electric signal. By comparing the two, the system is configured to issue an alarm when the actual engine speed Nact is abnormally low with respect to the target speed Nset.

[0022] However, in a state in which the operator has operated the accelerator lever K to the maximum operating position or its vicinity, only when the predetermined time elapses, when less than a predetermined rotational speed, and configured to trigger an alarm It is.
The accelerator lever position detection switch 17 detects whether or not the accelerator lever K has been operated to a position near the maximum position. When the accelerator lever position detection switch 17 detects the operation, the delay circuit 18 is operated to activate the alarm device 8. It delays the announcement.

This is to avoid this state, because the rotation speed after the metering rack 3 is forcibly moved is also delayed by several seconds by operating the accelerator lever K even in the mechanical governor. is there. In the case of electronic governor G, N
set and Nset 1, Nset and Nact , Nact and Nact1 ,
Can be obtained by determining the state of acceleration. However, in the case of a mechanical governor, since this determination cannot be made, the accelerator lever position detection switch 17 provided near the accelerator lever K and the delay circuit 18 This state is created.

[0024]

As described above, the present invention has the following advantages. First, the detection device
When a lower rotation speed than the specified rotation speed is detected.
The accelerator lever in the direction to increase the engine speed.
Immediately after K is operated, an alarm is issued only for a certain period of time.
Waiting for the announcement of the
-There is no possibility that an unnecessary alarm will be issued by operating K.
Operator will be alerted in operation
It was no longer necessary to operate while firing.
Second, the operator must increase the speed when driving.
Operating the accelerator lever K to increase the rotation speed.
If you try to set the accelerator lever K temporarily
Value of engine E to the optimal rotation zone
The return control is no longer possible. Accelerator like this
Immediately after operating the lever K, it is optimal
The relationship between rotation zones is not constant, but a temporary alarm is issued.
Alarm can be issued,
Has disappeared.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a combine provided with an overload control mechanism according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an operation panel unit including an alarm device.

FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of an embodiment in which an electronic governor mechanism is provided with an overload control mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the electronic governor.

FIG. 5 is a partial front sectional view of the electronic governor.

FIG. 6 is a control decision circuit diagram.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between an engine performance curve and a warning output.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a control setting map.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of control by the electronic governor.

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing a combine overload control mechanism by a mechanical governor.

FIG. 11 is a control decision circuit diagram.

FIG. 12 is a control determination combination diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Harvester B Grain culm transporter C Sorter E Engine G Electronic governor K Accelerator lever N Controller P Operation panel 4 Revolution sensor 8 Alarm device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuya Inada 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) A01D 69 / 00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. With respect to torque fluctuation due to a load of a work machine.
The actual engine speed Nact is equal to the predetermined optimal engine speed.
Engine E so that it is within the range of the turn zone.
A banana G is arranged, and the electronic governor G is placed at the position of the metering rack 3.
Rack position sensor 1 for detecting the position of the
And a rotation speed sensor 4 for detecting the rotation speed Nact.
The actual engine speed Nact is equal to a predetermined optimum engine speed.
If it is lower than the turn zone, a warning
When the actual engine speed Nact
If a rotation speed lower than the optimum rotation speed zone is detected
The working machine in the direction to increase the engine speed.
When the accelerator lever K is operated, immediately after the operation
An overload control mechanism for a work machine , wherein a warning is issued only for a certain period of time .