JP2733012B2 - Truck loader - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a truck loader used for loading a load on a carrier such as a large truck.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, the following various methods have been used for loading luggage on a large truck of a box-type rear door type in which a luggage carrier is covered with a panel or a hood and the luggage is put in and out from behind. . First, after the load is raised to the height of the bed by using, for example, a lift device, an operator who gets on the bed pushes the loads to the back of the bed, and sequentially stacks and loads them. Second, hold the luggage up and down,
Luggage has been sequentially stacked from the back of the bed using a truck loader that combines a gate-shaped transfer device provided with a gripping device movable in the left, right, front and rear directions, and a conveyor with a trolley used by being loaded on the bed. Third, for so-called wing-body type trucks in which a panel covering the loading platform or the side of the hood is opened to the roof, the luggage is placed on a pallet, and the luggage is put together with the pallet using a forklift. They were unloading all at once on the side of the bed.

[0003]

However, according to the first method, the work in the truck is manually performed, which is not only inefficient, but also has a drawback that the operator is overloaded. According to the second method, a considerable space is required because the apparatus becomes large-scale, and conversely in a delivery center or the like where it is necessary to secure a parking space for trucks or a space for storing luggage as much as possible. It was often in the way. Further, according to the third method, there is a problem that the load cannot be unloaded unless the truck is a wing body type truck, and that the sender must collect the pallet from the destination because the pallet is loaded.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is small in size, requires little installation space, and can efficiently load goods on a box-type rear door type carrier in a short time without manual operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a track loader that can perform well.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, an invention according to claim 1 is provided with a conveyer that can extend and contract from the back of a truck bed to the back, and is connected to a tip of the conveyer. a loading device for moving between said loading platform of the rear and rear portion while stretching, the loading
The truck with the device and the telescopic conveyor stored
It has a base movable in the width direction of the carrier, and the base includes:
A crossover plate to be bridged between the rear end of the truck bed and
The crossing board detects the distance to the side wall of the truck bed.
Equipped with a sensor for informing and detected by the sensor
Base the truck on the basis of the distance to the side wall
It is configured to be moved in the width direction of the carrier .

[0006] According to a second aspect of the invention, a track loader of claim 1 Symbol mounting, loading device includes a side arm that swings in a horizontal direction in the traveling direction left and right side portions, the side in the truck bed The arm is extended to the left and right sides to restrict the displacement of the loading device in the truck bed in the width direction.

[0007]

According to the truck loader of the first aspect, the telescopic conveyor and the loading device are operated by operating the telescopic conveyor and the loading device from the state in which the telescopic conveyor is extended and the loading device enters from the rear part of the truck bed and reaches the back. Loading work is started. That is, the luggage conveyed to the back of the bed by the conveyor is loaded by the loading device while being sequentially aligned from the back of the bed, and this operation is repeated while retreating the loading device, whereby the width, height, and depth directions of the bed are repeated. About luggage can be loaded to the full space.

[0008] Further, in a state where the transition plate at the tip of the base is hung over the rear part of the truck bed, the distance between the base and both side walls of the truck bed is detected by a sensor.
By moving the base in the width direction of the truck bed based on this, the truck loader can be positioned at the center in the bed width direction. This suffices to stop the truck bed at an approximate position in the width direction with respect to the platform, and the position of the truck loader can be automatically corrected in accordance with the position of the bed.

According to track loader according to claim 2, since the loading device can move without largely deviated with respect to the track bed in the width direction center line,
The luggage can be efficiently loaded almost in the center without being biased to the left or right of the loading platform.

Various functions can be added to the configuration according to the first or second aspect. For example, when the loading device is retracted and the conveyer is reduced to the shortest, the conveyer in the reduced state and the loading device are stored on the base, and in this stored state, the entire base can be moved in the width direction of the truck bed. be able to. According to this configuration, the truck loader can be positioned on the center line of the stopped truck bed. Therefore, it is sufficient if the truck bed is stopped at a rough position in the vehicle width direction with respect to the truck loader, and accurate There is no need to stop in position.

Further, in addition to the structure of the first or second aspect, the base can be tilted upward with the rear end side as a fulcrum, and the transfer plate provided at the front end thereof is hung over the truck bed. In this configuration, the inclination angle of the base can be modified so that the inclination angle of the crossover plate is maintained at a predetermined angle or less. According to this configuration, the transition plate is always held at a gentle inclination angle,
The movement between the base of the loading device and the truck bed is performed smoothly. In particular, as the loading surface of the truck bed gradually sinks down as the amount of cargo to be loaded on the truck bed increases, there is an unacceptable height difference from the base when the loading operation is completed. However, even in this case, the inclination angle of the base is corrected so that the inclination angle of the crossover plate is held gently, so that the loading device after loading work is smoothly returned from the truck bed to the base be able to.

Further, in addition to the configuration according to the first or second aspect, the loading device is connected to a tip of the conveyor via a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is connected to the loading device in a vertical direction and a width direction with respect to the conveyor. , And moving in a direction inclined with respect to the direction of expansion and contraction of the conveyor. According to this configuration, even if the loading floor is displaced due to an increase in the amount of loaded cargo, or if the loading device moves in a direction inclined with respect to the direction in which the conveyor expands and contracts, excessive force is applied to the conveyor. The loading device can move smoothly without adding

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a truck loader 1 according to the present embodiment includes a telescopic conveyor 2 that can extend from the rear (right side in the drawing) of the truck bed 50 to the back (left side in the drawing), and a rear part of the conveyor 2. (The right part in the drawing) and mainly includes a loading device 3 that moves between the back and the back of the loading platform 50.

The conveyor 2 is a five-stage telescopic belt conveyor composed of mutually slidable sub-conveyors 2a to 2e, and includes a motor 2f built in the rear part of the last fifth sub-conveyor 2e. Actively expands and contracts as a drive source. As shown in FIG. 1, the second, third, and fourth sub-conveyors 2b, 2c, and 2d are provided with caster-equipped legs 2bb, 2cc, and 2dd at the respective ends. The overhang load when the conveyor 2 is extended is reduced so that the loading device 3 can run smoothly. Conveyor 2
Is reduced, the first to fourth sub-conveyors 2a to 2
d is housed in the sub-conveyor 2e at the last stage (the telescopic base side) (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

The conveyor 2 is installed on a platform 51 for carrying out loads via a base 4 on which the last sub-conveyor 2e is placed. On the lower surface of the base 4, a total of four wheels 4a, 4a, 4b,
4b, each wheel 4a, 4a, 4b, 4b
Is rotatably supported around a rotation axis along the front-rear direction (left and right in the figure) of the base 4 and is positively rotated by a motor 5 arranged at the rear.

On the other hand, on the platform 51, two rails 51a, 51a are laid in front and rear (right and left in the figure) in parallel with each other along the width direction of the loading platform 50.
1a, 51a, the front and rear wheels 4a, 4a, 4b, 4
The base 4 and thus the truck loader 1 are installed in a state in which b is placed. The rails 51a, 51
a is laid at a sufficiently long distance in the left-right direction (the width direction of the bed 50), so that the truck loader 1 can move behind the bed 50 with respect to a plurality of stopped trucks arranged in the vehicle width direction. In this way, the loading operation of the cargo W on a plurality of trucks can be performed continuously without exchanging the trucks. In addition, the rear wheel 4b is a wheel with a flange, and does not come off from the rail 51a.

Next, as is well shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, on the lower surface of the front part of the base 4, there is provided an arm 7 with casters which swings up and down by a cylinder 6. When actuated to the protruding side, the caster arm 7 is swung downward, and the caster 7a at the tip thereof
Is pressed against the platform 51, whereby the base 4 is tilted upward about the rear wheel 4b as a fulcrum as shown in FIG. The swing amount of the caster arm 7 can be arbitrarily set by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the cylinder 6, whereby the inclination angle of the base 4 is set or corrected as described later.

At the end of the base 4, there is provided a transition plate 8 which is vertically swung by a cylinder 9. When the cylinder 9 operates to the projecting side,
It swings upward as shown by the solid line in FIG. Since the transfer plate 8 is provided so that the loading device 3 can move smoothly from the base 4 onto the floor 50b of the truck bed 50, the loading plate 3 is provided on the floor 50b of the bed 50 with as gentle a slope as possible. It is desirable to be passed around.
For this purpose, although not shown, a sensor for detecting a certain inclination angle with respect to the base 4 is attached to the transition plate 8, and the transition plate 8 is attached to the floor 50 of the loading platform 50.
b, the base 4 of the transition plate 8
When the inclination angle with respect to the cylinder becomes more than the certain value, the sensor is activated, and based on this, the cylinder 6
Is actuated in the retraction direction to swing the base 4 downward, whereby the inclination angle of the base 4 is corrected so that the inclination angle of the crossover plate 8 with respect to the base 4 becomes gentle. This function is effective when the transfer board 8 is hung over the loading platform 50 to start loading of the package W, or when the floor 50b of the loading platform 50 gradually sinks during loading of the package W.

Further, distance sensors S1 and S2 are attached to both ends of the crossing plate 8, and as shown in FIG. 5, the crossing plate 8 is laid over the floor 50b of the loading platform 50 as described above. The two side sensors (commonly called "tilt") 50a, 50 are provided by the two distance sensors S1, S2.
a distance L1 and L2 between the motor 5 and the motor 5 so that the left and right distances L1 and L2 are equal.
To move the base 4 in the left-right direction, whereby the truck loader 1 can be set at the center of the bed 50 in the width direction. Therefore, the truck bed 50 only needs to be stopped at an approximate position in the width direction with respect to the platform 51, and the position of the truck loader 1 is automatically corrected in accordance with the stop position of the bed 50.

The conveyor 2 of the truck loader 1 installed on such a base 4 is driven by a motor-equipped pulley (not shown) as a drive source, and the loaded luggage W is moved forward (leftward in the figure). Transport. In addition, an installation type conveyor 10 is juxtaposed on the right side of the conveyor 2 in the figure, and the luggage W is transferred to the conveyor 2 via the conveyor 10.
It is carried on.

Next, the loading device 3
It is connected to the front end of the sub-conveyor 2a of the tier through a connecting portion 11. As shown in FIG. 6, the vertical wheels 11a, 1 on both sides in the width direction are provided on the distal end surface of the first-stage sub-conveyor 2a.
1a and the central horizontal wheel 11b are mounted in a state of protruding forward. The axis of rotation of the vertical wheel 11a coincides with the direction of expansion and contraction of the conveyor 2, and the axis of rotation of the horizontal wheel 11b is perpendicular to the direction of expansion and contraction. On the other hand, a connecting bracket 12 is attached to a rear portion of the loading device 3, and a guide rail 12 a having a U-shaped cross section is opened at the center in the width direction of the upper surface of the connecting bracket 12 along the width direction and upward. It is installed in the expanding direction. The central horizontal wheel 11b is fitted into the guide rail 12a and is supported so as to be rollable in the width direction and displaceable in the vertical direction within a certain range. The vertical wheels 11a, 11a on both sides are mounted on the upper surface of the connection bracket 12 so as to be able to roll.

Through the connecting portion 11 configured as described above, the loading device 3 can move the belt conveyor 2 with respect to right and left swings with respect to the traveling direction as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). It has a degree of freedom (it can swing right and left around the rotation axis of the horizontal wheel 11b), and in the width direction (left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction) as shown in FIG. Are connected with a certain degree of freedom. Further, the horizontal wheel 11b is
The loading device 3 has a certain degree of freedom in the vertical direction (direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 7) with respect to the conveyor 2 because the loading device 3 can be displaced in the vertical direction in FIG. As described above, the loading device 3 is connected with a certain degree of freedom in each direction with a certain degree of freedom, so that when the loading device 3 moves forward or backward in the loading platform 50, the loading direction and the direction of expansion and contraction of the conveyor 2 are adjusted. Even if the traveling directions of the devices 3 do not match, an excessive force is prevented from being applied to the conveyor 2, so that the conveyor 2 is smoothly driven to expand and contract, and therefore the stiffness of the conveyor 2 is relatively low. It should be noted that a sensor for detecting displacement in each direction is attached to the connecting portion 11, and when the displacement becomes equal to or more than an allowable value, it is determined that the operation is defective and the track loader 1
May be stopped.

Next, the loading device 3 will be described.
The loading device 3 has a function of advancing or retreating in the truck bed 50 and of loading and packing several pieces of the articles W conveyed by the conveyor 2 in the width direction of the bed 50.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the loading device 3 has a frame 20. The lower four corners of the frame 20 are provided with rotatable wheels 22-22. Each wheel 22 is positively rotated by a motor 28, so that the frame 20 and thus the loading device 3
Self-propelled. The loading device 3 moves forward or backward by the forward or reverse rotation of the motor 28. As described above, the loading device 3 has the motor 28 as a unique drive source for self-propelling, and also has the motor 2f as a unique drive source for extending and retracting the conveyor 2 as described above. For this reason, each of the motors 28 and 2f need only be a relatively small-capacity motor, and are configured to mutually compensate for the driving force of each other.

In the center of the lower surface of the frame 20,
A guide wheel 21 for positioning the loading device 3 on the base 4 during standby is mounted. The guide wheels 21 and 21
Two are attached at an appropriate distance in front and rear on the center line in the width direction of 0. On the other hand, although not shown, a guide groove is provided on the upper surface of the base 4 along the center line in the width direction along the front and rear, and the guide wheels 21 and 21 are guided into the guide groove while being guided. The loading device 3 is returned to the center in the width direction of the base 4, and moves forward along the center line of the base 4 when moving onto the carrier 50.

Further, on the left and right sides of the frame 20, two front and rear side arms 23 and 24 are provided so as to project sideways. The side arms 23 and 24 are laterally extended by the same distance on the left and right sides in the loading platform 50,
Rollers 23a, 24a attached to each tip
A small gap is provided between the side walls 50a and 50a of the carrier 50. Thereby, the loading device 3
The position shift in the width direction is allowed within a range where the gap can be absorbed. In other words, the vehicle advances and retreats along the center of the carrier 50 in a state where the further position shift is restricted. The rollers 23a, 2a attached to the tips of the side arms 23, 24
4a is rotatably supported around the axis in the vertical direction (the direction perpendicular to the drawing), so that the movement of the loading device 3 is not hindered even when it is in contact with the side wall 50a. Has become. Rear side arms 24, 24
Are pivoted on a horizontal plane by the air cylinder 25 around the fulcrum 24b. The two cylinders 25, 25 are linked so as to operate in the same direction by the same stroke. The front side arms 23, 23 operate independently of the rear side arms 24, 24 by a single cylinder 26 via link arms 27, 27.

Next, a roller conveyor 30 is mounted on the upper surface of the frame 20. This roller conveyor 3
Reference numeral 0 denotes a type in which a motor is built in each roller and each roller rotates positively. Since the transport level (upper surface) of the conveyor 30 is set to match the height of the belt conveyor 2, the load W conveyed on the belt conveyor 2 is smoothly transferred onto the roller conveyor 30. Is done. The luggage W transferred on the roller conveyor 30 is
The rollers are further conveyed forward by their own rotation. On the upper surface of the roller conveyor 30, guide plates 30a, 30a for gradually positioning the load W conveyed by the conveyor 2 at the center in the width direction are arranged.

In addition, the frame 2 of the loading device 3
0 is a motor 29, a cord reel 31 for winding an electric cord, a control panel 32, an air compressor (not shown).
And so on. The motor 29 is used as a motor for driving an elevator device described later. The cord reel 32 is for winding the electric cord to supply power to the motors 28 and 29 or the roller conveyor 30 and the like, and is switched to the free side when the loading device 3 moves forward so that the electric cord is loaded. When the loading device 3 is retracted, the loading device 3 is switched to the winding side and actively winds the electric cord.

The control panel 32 controls the operation of each part in the loading device 3 and is a controller programmed to cause each cylinder or motor to perform a predetermined operation based on an output signal from each sensor. Is mainly composed. In addition, since an air compressor for supplying compressed air to each air cylinder is loaded in the loading device 3, the air piping only needs to be carried out within the range of the loading device 3, as in a case where the air piping is separately placed. The air piping over a long distance is not required.

Next, a lifting mechanism 35, an alignment table 40, and a loading mechanism 45 are provided at the front of the frame 20. The lifting mechanism 35 has a function of raising and lowering the alignment table 40 and the loading mechanism 45 by the chain transmission mechanism 39 using the motor 29 as a driving source.
The number of rotations and the direction of rotation of the motor 29 are controlled by the controller of the control panel 32.
It has a function of moving the 0 and the loading mechanism 45 to a predetermined height in a preset order.

First, the lifting mechanism 35 will be described. At the front of the frame 20, a gate-shaped support column 36 is attached upwardly so as not to interfere with the carrier 50 while straddling the roller conveyor 30. Linear slide rails 37, 37 are attached to the front surface of the support column 36 along the vertical direction, and the elevating frame 38 is slidably supported in the vertical direction via the linear slide rails 37, 37. The lifting frame 38 and the motor 29
And the chain transmission mechanism 39 is interposed between the
When the motor 29 is rotated forward or backward, the elevating frame 38 slides up and down. The alignment table 40 is arranged on the upper surface side of the horizontal portion of the lifting frame 38.

The alignment table 40 is formed in a flat plate shape having an area in which five pieces of luggage W can be placed side by side in the width direction, and is moved back and forth along the horizontal portion of the lifting frame 38 by rodless cylinders 40a, 40a. Slide in the direction. On the other hand, on the left and right sides of the elevating frame 38, there are provided alignment plates 41, 41 approaching or separating from each other by cylinders 41a, 41a operating with the same thrust. When sliding in the approaching direction, the luggage W placed on the alignment table 40
1 to W5 are pressed by the same force on the left and right sides and are aligned at the center in the width direction of the alignment table 40.

An alignment plate 42 is provided on the base side of the lifting frame 38 so as to project upward along the front-rear direction of the alignment table 40. This alignment plate 42 is a rodless cylinder 42a. To move in parallel on the alignment table 40 within a certain range in the width direction. By moving the alignment plate 42 in the width direction of the alignment table 40 in a predetermined procedure, the load W sent from the roller conveyor 30 onto the alignment table 40 is moved in the width direction on the alignment table 40. Finally, the five packages W are arranged on the arrangement table 40 in the width direction. This will be described in more detail.

In FIG. 9, reference numeral 43 denotes a stopper plate provided along the width direction of the loading device 3. The stopper plate 43 is vertically moved between the roller conveyor 30 and the alignment table 40 by an air cylinder (not shown). When the bag W comes out and protrudes to the upper stopper position, the load W on the roller conveyor 30 is restricted by the stopper plate 43 and cannot move on the alignment table 40. The load W is sent onto the alignment table 40 by driving the roller conveyor 30. As is clear from the above, the alignment table 40, the alignment plate 42,
The stopper plate 43, the roller conveyor 30 and the like constitute an alignment mechanism described in the claims. Note that, as described above, without separately providing the stopper plate 43, one roller located on the tip side of the roller conveyor 30 is supported so as to be vertically movable, and this roller has the same stopper function as the stopper plate 43. It may be configured.

Further, two stopper bars 44, 44 are coaxially arranged along the width direction at the end of the elevating frame 38, and the two stopper bars 44, 44 are connected to the air cylinders 44a, 44a, respectively. By 44a, the front of the alignment table 40 and the luggage W are integrally protruded and retracted like a single bar. When the stopper bar 44 is displaced upward, the alignment table 40 and the luggage W aligned on the alignment table 40 cannot move forward to prevent the luggage W from dropping. When the bar 44 is pulled downward, the alignment table 40 and the load W can move forward, and the loading on the loading platform 50 is performed.

Next, the loading mechanism 45 is disposed on the base side of the lifting table 38. This loading mechanism 45
Has a configuration in which a loading arm 46 composed of a tip arm 46a and a base arm 46b whose ends are rotatably connected to each other is arranged one by one on the left and right sides in the width direction of the lifting frame 38, A loading bar 47 is fixed between the left and right tip arms 46a, 46a in a bridging manner. The left and right base arms 46b are connected by a support shaft 48, and the support shaft 48 is connected to a motor 49 via a chain transmission mechanism. Accordingly, when the motor 49 is rotated forward by a certain number of rotations, the support shaft 48 is rotated via the chain transmission mechanism, and therefore, the base arm 46b is swung downward,
As a result, the tip arm 46a is moved forward, and the loading bar 47 is moved forward along the alignment table 40. Conversely, when the loading bar 47 is positioned forward, the motor 49 is reversed by a certain number of rotations, whereby the loading arm 46 is folded upward, and the loading bar 47 is returned backward along the alignment table 40. In this manner, the loading arm 46 is extended forward or folded rearward by the forward or reverse rotation of the motor 49 by a certain number of rotations, whereby the loading bar 4 is rotated.
7 is moved forward or back. If the aligning table 40 is returned to the rear while the loading bar 47 is moved forward, the load W is blocked by the loading bar 47 and cannot return to the rear. As a result, only the aligning table 40 is returned and the load W Are loaded onto the carrier 50 from the alignment table 40. The rotation direction and the number of rotations of the motor 49 are controlled by the controller of the control panel 32 similarly to the other motors 28 and 29.

The track loader 1 of this embodiment is configured as described above. According to the track loader 1, the actual loading operation is performed as follows. First, the truck loader 1 is in a standby state in which the conveyor 2 is reduced to the shortest and the loading device 3 is positioned on the base 4.
In this state, the truck retreats and the rear area entrance of the loading platform 50 approaches the platform 51. In this standby state, the transfer plate 8 provided at the tip of the base 4
In this case, the cylinder 9 is operated to the stroke end in the retraction direction, and the cylinder 9 is turned to the uppermost position (the state shown in FIG. 3).

Next, in a state where the truck is stopped at a predetermined position, the cylinder 9 is operated in a projecting direction by a predetermined stroke so that the crossover plate 8 faces the inside of the truck bed 50. Then, in this state, as shown in FIG.
2, the distance L to the side wall 50a of the truck bed 50
1 and L2 are measured, and if the two distances L1 and L2 are not the same, the motor 5 is activated to move the base 4 and thus the truck loader 1 in the width direction so that the base 4 is positioned on the center line of the carrier 50. The position is corrected to be located. Therefore, the stop position of the track only needs to be within a range in which the crossover plate 8 can be bridged, and at this point, the stop position of the track only needs to be rough. Also, the truck does not necessarily have to stop at a right angle to the platform 51,
The vehicle may be stopped in an inclined state within a certain range, which will be described later.

After the centering of the loading device 1 with respect to the truck bed 50 in this manner, the cylinder 6 is operated in the protruding direction to swing the arm 7 with casters downward, whereby the caster 7a at the tip thereof is moved. It is pressed against the platform 51. Then, the base 4 is tilted in a direction in which the front part is lifted upward with the rear wheel 4b as a fulcrum. The cylinder 6 is protruded to the stroke end, whereby the base 4 is tilted at the largest angle. Thereafter, the switching valve (not shown) of the cylinder 9 is opened to leave the crossover plate 8 in a free state. As a result, the crossing plate 8 swings downward by its own weight as shown in FIG.
b.

Next, with the above-described position adjustment in the width direction, the stroke of the cylinder 6 is adjusted so that the inclination angle of the crossover plate 8 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and the inclination angle of the base 4 is adjusted.

As described above, the track loader 1
Is corrected on the center line of the carrier 50, and then the motor 2f
Is conveyed, the conveyor 2 is extended, the motor 28 is activated, and the loading device 3 advances toward the back of the loading platform 50. At this time, the loading device 3 is attached to the base 4
While being guided by the guide grooves provided on the upper surface of the base 4, the guide wheels 21, 21 attached to the lower surface of the base 4 advance along the center line in the width direction of the base 4. Therefore, when the truck bed 50 is stopped at an angle with respect to the truck loader 1, the traveling direction of the loading device 1 does not coincide with the center line of the bed 50, and accordingly, the loading device 3 moves forward as the truck moves forward. It collides with the side wall 50a of 50. Therefore, when the loading device 3 reaches the loading bed 50 via the crossover plate 8, the front side arms 23, 23 are first protruded to the side to adjust the position of the front portion of the loading device 3 with respect to the side walls 50a. You. At this point, the rear guide roller 21 is still guided by the guide groove of the base 4. When the loading device 3 further advances and completely enters the rear portion of the loading platform 50, the rear guide roller 21 also comes off the guide groove,
As a result, the rear side arms 24, 24 protrude to the side, whereby the rear side wall 5 of the loading device 3 is moved.
The position of the loading device 3 is smoothly adjusted from the position above the base 4 to the center of the loading platform 50 in the width direction as described above. Since the front part and the rear part of the loading device 3 are located substantially at the center in the width direction, the traveling direction of the loading device 3 substantially coincides with the center line of the loading platform 50.

Here, the left and right side arms 2
When the rollers 3a, 24 are protruded to the side, the rollers 23a, 24a, or both, and the side wall 50a of the carrier 50,
Each side arm 23, so that there is a slight gap between
24 are set. For this reason, the loading device 3 can be displaced in the width direction within a range that the gap can absorb, but the displacement is very slight. Therefore, the loading device 3 is not displaced in the width direction beyond the gap. And the position in the width direction is restricted.

The loading device 3 is connected to the conveyor 2 via the connecting portion 11, and the connecting portion 11 is configured to allow the loading device 3 to swing right and left with respect to the conveyor 2 in the traveling direction. In addition, the traveling direction of the loading device 3 can be corrected smoothly without applying excessive force to the conveyor 2. Hereinafter, each side arm 23,
24 is a state in which the loading device 3 is protruded to the side while the loading device 3 is located in the loading platform 50, and thus the loading device 3
Is always located without greatly deviating from the center line of the carrier 50.

As described above, the loading device 3 is mounted on the carrier 5
After loading into the space 0 and correcting the position with respect to the bed 50, the loading device 3 advances toward the innermost part of the bed 50. In addition, the loading device 3 self-propelled not only by the motor 28 as a unique drive source but also by a positive extension operation of the conveyor 2 as a part of the drive source. 1 and 2
When the loading device 3 reaches the innermost portion of the loading platform 50 (the position where loading of the load W is started), the conveyors 2 and 10 and the roller conveyor 30 mounted on the loading device 3 are activated as shown in FIG. Carrying of the luggage W into the luggage carrier 50 is started.

The luggage WW carried into the carrier 50 from behind via the conveyors 10, 2, 30 is aligned on the center line of the loading device 3 by the guide plates 30a, 30a on the roller conveyor 30. On the other hand, at this time, the alignment table 40 is positioned at the same height as the roller conveyor 30, and both alignment plates 41, 41
1a and 41a are respectively operated in the protruding directions and moved in the directions away from each other.

Next, by repeatedly moving the stopper plate 43 up and down and starting and stopping the roller conveyor 30 as appropriate, the packages W are sent one by one onto the alignment table 40, and five packages W1 are placed on the alignment table 40. ~ W5 are aligned in the width direction as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the stopper plate 43 is at the upper stopper position, the roller conveyor 30 is stopped, and the loads W1 to W5 are in a waiting state for alignment. From this state, the stopper plate 43 is lowered to the lower retracted position,
The roller conveyer 30 is activated, and the first luggage W1 is sent onto the alignment table 40 (partial drawing (b)). When the first luggage W1 is sent in, the stopper plate 43
Is returned to the upper stopper position, and the roller conveyor 30
Is temporarily stopped, and the second and subsequent luggage W2 to W5 are put in a waiting state for alignment. On the other hand, the luggage W1 sent to the alignment table 40 is placed on the alignment plate 4 as shown in FIG.
2 is moved to the right side of the alignment table 40 by moving upward in the drawing (to the right in the traveling direction). Next, the stopper plate 43 is again lowered to the retreat position below, the roller conveyor 30 is started, and the second load W2 is carried onto the alignment table 40 as shown in FIG. The third and lower luggage W3 to W5 are placed in the waiting state for alignment in the same manner as described above.

The second luggage W2 sent to the alignment table 40 is moved to the left (downward in the figure) of the alignment plate 42 as shown in FIG. Then, the third package W3 is sent to the alignment table 40 as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the stopper plate 43 and the roller conveyor 3
(G) (h)
Further, the fourth and fifth packages W4 and W5 are sent to the sorting table 40 by the procedure shown in the divisions (i) and (j) of FIG. 12, and a total of five packages W1 to W5 are thus sorted. At the top, they are aligned in the width direction of the carrier 50.

After the five luggage items W1 to W5 have been aligned as described above, the two alignment plates 41, 41 projecting to the left and right sides are moved in the direction approaching each other, and the five luggage objects W1 to W5 are moved. Are pushed from both sides and aligned in the width direction. Thereafter, the elevating mechanism 35 is operated to move the alignment table 40 downward, and after reaching the position closest to the floor 50b, the cylinders 44a, 44a are operated and the stopper bars 44, 44 are retracted downward. Thereafter, the cylinders 40a, 40a are operated, the alignment table 40 is slid forward, the aligned loads W1 to W5 are moved forward, and the motor 49 is activated to extend the loading arm 46 to load. A bar 47 is applied to the back of the luggage W1 to W5. When only the alignment table 40 is slid backward from this state, the luggage W1 to W5 is prevented from moving backward by the loading bar 47.
Is lowered on the floor 50b. After the loads W1 to W5 have been loaded in this way, the motor 49 is reversed and the loading arms 46 are folded upward, so that the loading bars 47 are returned to the rear. Thus, the loading of the luggage W11 to W5 to the lowermost part at the deepest part of the loading bed 50 is completed.

Thereafter, the motor 29 of the lifting / lowering mechanism 35 rotates in the reverse direction, and the alignment table 40 is returned to the same height as the roller conveyor 30.
~ W5 are arranged on the arrangement table 40, and this luggage W1
.About.W5 are loaded in the innermost second, third,... As described above, when the luggage W1 to W5 are stacked four levels up and down on the innermost part of the loading platform 50, the loading device 3 retreats by a predetermined distance, and five items are moved forward by the same procedure as above. Luggage W1 to W5 are loaded in the upper and lower four tiers.
In this manner, the luggage W carried in via the conveyor 2 is aligned on the alignment table 40 by five pieces at a time, and is loaded on the loading platform 50 at a time by the loading mechanism 45. Retreat inside,
The luggage W is fully loaded in the luggage carrier 50. As described above, during this time, the side arms 23 and 24 are protruded to the side, and the loading device 3 moves without largely deviating from the center line of the loading platform 50 in the width direction.

Loading device 3 that has finished loading luggage W
Is returned to the base 4 via the crossover plate 8. At this time, since the guide rollers 21 and 21 are guided into the guide grooves of the base 4, the loading device 3 is returned to the center of the base 4. In addition, as the loading device 3 retreats, the conveyor 2 is also actively reduced, and finally, as shown in FIGS.
As shown in (5), the sub-conveyors 2a to 2d of each stage are housed in the sub-conveyor 2e of the fifth stage. Further, the electric cord pulled out with the advance of the loading device 3 is automatically wound up by the code reel 31 when the loading device 3 retreats.

A series of loading operations for one truck are completed as described above. If the loading operation to the stopped truck next to this truck is to be performed continuously, the truck loader 1 will be After being moved leftward or rightward and positioned behind the truck stopped next to the truck, the same operation as described above is repeated to load the cargo W into the second truck. As described above, the movement of the truck loader 1 in the left-right direction is performed by active driving using the motor 5 as a driving source, so that no manual operation is required, and within the range where the rail 51a is laid, the vehicle width direction is not changed. The loading operation is continuously and repeatedly performed on a plurality of trucks stopped side by side.

According to the truck loader 1 of the present embodiment described above, the luggage W can be loaded in a short time without manual operation in the full loading space of the luggage carrier 50. In particular, the loading bar 47 of the loading mechanism 45 is loaded with the loading bar 47 of the luggage W. Since the arrangement is such that only the alignment table 40 is returned to the rear and the luggage W is loaded in a state where the luggage W is prevented from moving backward by being applied to the rear surface, the luggage W can be easily loaded on the top row of each row, The luggage W can be loaded to the full height of the bed 50.

Here, it is conceivable to adopt a configuration in which the luggage W1 to W5 is pushed forward and loaded by moving only the loading bar 47 forward without moving the alignment table 40 forward, but in this case, It is difficult to smoothly move the load W, and particularly, the loading operation is not stable when the loading bar 47 is quickly operated. In this regard, according to the loading mechanism 45 of this example, the packages W1 to W5
Is moved in advance together with the alignment table 40 and only the alignment table 40 is returned to the rear, so that the load W can be reliably loaded in a predetermined place, and one loading operation can be performed quickly and stably. Can be.

When the loading operation is not performed,
Since the conveyor 2 is contracted to the shortest time and the loading device 3 is returned to the base 4 and is compactly stored on the base 4, the truck loader 1 is mounted on the base 4.
It can be installed as long as the installation space is secured, and does not require a large space as in the past.

In addition, since the track loader 1 of the present embodiment has the various functions described above, various effects can be obtained. That is, the base 4 is movable in the width direction,
This operation is performed by the sensors S1 mounted on both sides of the crossing plate 8.
, S2 is controlled based on the distances L1 and L2 between the loader 50 and the side wall 50a detected by S2, thereby correcting the position of the truck loader 1 in the width direction with respect to the truck carrier 50 before the loading operation is started. From this, it is sufficient that the truck stop position is roughly within a certain range, and it is not necessary to stop the truck at an accurate position, so that the loading operation can be started quickly.

The loading device 3 and the conveyor 2 are connected via a connecting portion 11, and the connecting portion 11 is free of vertical and horizontal displacement of the loading device 3 with respect to the conveyor 2 or inclination of the traveling direction within a certain range. Therefore, even when the loading bed 50 of the truck is stopped slightly obliquely with respect to the truck loader 1 in a standby state, the conveyor 2 is moved when the loading device 3 is moved along the center line of the loading bed 50. The track loader 1 can be smoothly operated as a result. In addition, since the loading device 3 always advances or retreats without largely deviating from the center of the loading platform 50 by protruding the side arms 23 and 24 to the side, it is possible to load a large amount of luggage W accurately. it can.

The base 4 is provided with a crossover plate 8 at the front end thereof. When the crossover plate 8 is bridged over the rear part of the loading platform 50, the inclination angle of the base 4 is always less than a predetermined value. Since the inclination angle is corrected, the loading device 3 between the base 4 and the loading platform 50 is used.
Smooth movement is ensured. In addition, as the loading amount of the load W increases, the bed 50 gradually sinks due to its weight. Therefore, when the loading of the load W is completed, the bed 50 is allowed between the floor 50b of the bed 50 and the height of the base 4. Although the above steps occur, the inclination angle of the base 4 is always corrected according to the configuration of the present embodiment so that the inclination angle of the crossover plate 8 does not become larger than a predetermined value, so that the loading device 3 is completed after the loading operation is completed. When is returned to the base 4, the crossover plate 8 is corrected to a gentle inclination angle, so that a smooth movement of the loading device 3 onto the base 4 is achieved.

In this embodiment, the alignment table 40 is exemplified by a mere flat plate. However, it is preferable that a tape or a flat oil-impregnated metal having a small sliding resistance is adhered to the entire upper surface thereof. According to this, when the load W is moved during the alignment or after the alignment,
The sliding resistance against the load W when only the alignment table 40 returns to the rear to lower it to zero can be reduced, so that the cylinders 40a and 42a need to be small in size with relatively small thrust, and further smooth operation can be performed thereon. Can be obtained. In addition, it is also possible to reduce the sliding resistance to the load W by forming compressed air from the upper surface of the alignment table instead of attaching tape or metal as described above.

Further, in this example, the case where five packages W are aligned in the width direction of the loading platform 50 or are stacked in four stages vertically, but two to four or six or more are aligned in the width direction. The present invention is also applicable to the case of loading in a stacking manner, or the case of stacking in two or three stages, or even five or more stages, and these are appropriately set according to the size of the load W or the size of the loading platform 50. . Further, each cylinder does not necessarily need to be an air cylinder, and a hydraulic cylinder may be used. In this case, a hydraulic pump may be mounted on the loading device 3 instead of the air compressor.

Further, the truck loader 1 exemplified above
This is merely an example. For example, the loading device 3 is moved by the function of moving the track loader 1 in the width direction via the base 4 or the side arm 23, 24 to the loading platform 50.
Various functions, such as a function of centering, are additional requirements, and are not essential requirements for achieving the object of the present invention. That is, in order to achieve the object of the present invention, in order to achieve the object of the present invention, the track loader 1 includes the conveyor 2 and the loading device 3.
The loading device 3 includes an alignment mechanism mainly including an alignment table 40, a loading mechanism 45 mainly including a loading arm 46, a lifting frame 38, and a chain transmission mechanism 39.
It suffices to provide an elevating mechanism 35 mainly including the above-mentioned components, and this configuration corresponds to the embodiment of the invention described in claim 1 of the claims. Further, a configuration in which the moving function of the base 4 is added to the above configuration corresponds to the embodiment of the invention described in claim 2, and a configuration in which the tilting function of the base 4 is added is an embodiment of the invention described in claim 3. The configuration in which the function of giving the degree of freedom of the position of the loading device 3 with respect to the conveyor 2 by the connecting portion 11 corresponds to the embodiment of the invention described in claim 4, and the loading by the side arms 23 and 24. A configuration in which a centering function of the device 3 is added.
Corresponds to the embodiment of the invention described in (1).

Next, another embodiment of the tilting function of the base 4 will be described. The tilting function exemplified above is a configuration that is performed by adjusting the stroke amount of the cylinder 6 and adjusting the protrusion size of the arm 7 with casters. However, for example, a simpler configuration as illustrated in FIGS. It is also possible. That is, the cylinder 61
A toggle mechanism 60 is interposed between the base plate 4 and the transition plate 8, and the transition plate 8 is swung downward from above to be substantially flush with the base 4 (a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 13). At this point, the transfer plate 8 may be locked so as not to swing upward, and the transfer plate 8 in the locked state may be simply stretched over the carrier 50. The toggle mechanism 60 is connected to a first arm 63 that swings up and down around a fulcrum 62 by operation of a cylinder 61, and is rotatably connected to the first arm 63 via a fulcrum 64. The crossover plate 8 is supported rotatably in the vertical direction about a fulcrum 67 via a bracket 66 attached to the end of the base 4, and the end of the second arm 65 is It is connected to the crossover plate 8 so as to be rotatable about a fulcrum 68. In the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 13, the second arm 65 is in contact with the upper surface 66a of the bracket 66 to prevent further downward movement, and in this state, the fulcrums 62, 64, 68 are aligned with each other. Without
The first arm 63 and the second arm 65 are in a state in which they are slightly bent downward to form a "<" shape, that is, a state where they pass through a dead point. This state is realized by the retracting operation of the cylinder 61. At this time, the crossover plate 8 is
Is locked in a substantially horizontal state, and the rotation in both the up and down directions is prevented. Conversely, when the cylinder 61 is actuated in the protruding direction, the first arm 63 and the second arm 65 are bent upward in a "-" shape as shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure, and thus the crossover plate 8 becomes It will be in the state rotated upward.

According to such a configuration, the loading device 3
When the base plate 4 is moved from above the base 4 into the carrier 50 via the transfer plate 8, the base 4 is tilted upward by adjusting the stroke of the cylinder 6, and then the transfer plate 8 is moved relative to the base 4 by operating the cylinder 61 in the retracting direction. Then, in this locked state, the cylinder 6 is operated in the retracting direction to return the base 4 to the lower side, whereby the connecting plate 8 is simply placed on the rear end of the truck bed 50. State. According to this, when the loading of the load W progresses and the load weight increases, the loading platform 50 gradually sinks. However, the base 4 is also displaced downward according to this, so that the inclination of the crossover plate 8 is gradually reduced. Therefore, the control of the cylinder 6 can be simplified, and the loading device 3 can be smoothly moved out of the bed 50.

[0065]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently load cargo on a truck bed in a short time without manual operation. According to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect of the present invention, the stop position of the truck only needs to be roughly in the vehicle width direction. Can begin loading work.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first and second aspects of the present invention, not only the loading device enters the truck bed but also moves smoothly when leaving the same. .

According to the invention described in claim 4, claims 1 to 1 are provided.
In addition to the effect of the invention described in the third aspect, since the degree of freedom of the positional relationship of the loading device with respect to the conveyor is increased, smooth movement of the loading device can be secured without applying excessive force to the conveyor.

According to the invention set forth in claim 5, claims 1 to 1 are provided.
In addition to the effect of the invention described in the fourth aspect, the load can be evenly loaded on one side of the bed without being biased, so that the loading operation using the space of the bed can be performed more efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 relates to an embodiment of the present invention;
It is a side view in the state where the loading device reached the inner part of the loading platform.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the track loader in a state where the loading device has reached a deep portion of the loading bed.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the track loader when the loading device is in a standby state, and shows a state where the base is not tilted.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the track loader with the loading device in a standby state, showing a state where the base is tilted.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the transition plate in a state where the transition plate is bridged to the rear portion of the bed, and shows a method of measuring a distance between the bed and a side wall of the bed.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing a connecting portion, wherein a separation diagram (a) is a plan view, a separation diagram (b) is a view taken along line AA of the separation diagram (a), and a separation diagram (c) is a separation diagram.
FIG. 3A is a view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a view showing an operation state of a connecting portion, wherein a separation diagram (a) shows a state in which the loading device swings to the right in a traveling direction with respect to a direction in which the conveyor expands and contracts; (C) shows the state when the loading device is shifted to the left with respect to the center line of the conveyor.

FIG. 8 is a side view of the loading device during loading operation at the back of the loading platform.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the loading device during loading operation at the back of the loading bed.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a procedure for arranging luggage in the case of stacking five pieces in one row. FIG. 10 (a) shows a state in which the luggage has been transported to a position short of the alignment table, and FIG. The luggage has been sent to the alignment table, the diagram (c) shows the first luggage moved to the right, and the diagram (d) shows the second luggage sent to the alignment table. Indicates the status.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a procedure for arranging packages in the case of stacking five pieces in a row, wherein FIG. 11 (e) shows a state in which the second package is shifted to the left side, and FIG. The second package has been sent to the sorting table, the diagram (g) shows that the first and third packages have been moved to the right, and the diagram (h) shows that the fourth package has the sorting table. Shows the state sent to.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a procedure for arranging luggage in the case of stacking five luggage in a row. FIG. 12 (i) shows a state where the second and fourth luggage are moved to the left, and FIG. ) Indicates that the fifth package has been sent to the sorting table.

FIG. 13 is a front end side view of a base to which a transition plate is attached via a toggle mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a partial plan view of the base on which the transition plate is attached with the toggle mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Telescopic belt conveyor 3 ... Loading device 4 ... Base 7 ... Arm with casters 8 ... Crossover plate 11 ... Connecting part 23, 24 ... Side arm 28 ... Motor (for running the loading device), 29 ... Motor (for driving the lifting mechanism) 30 ... roller conveyor 35 ... lifting mechanism, 38 ... lifting frame 40 ... alignment table, 42 ... alignment plate 45 ... loading mechanism, 47 ... loading bar 49 ... motor (for driving loading mechanism) 50 ... loading platform 51 ... platform, 51a ... rail W , W1 to W5 ... luggage, S1, S2 ... sensors

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-221017 (JP, A) JP-A-51-100582 (JP, A) JP-A 4-135523 (JP, U) JP-A 1 140339 (JP, U) JP-B 47-13941 (JP, B1)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. A conveyer that can extend and contract from the back of a truck bed to the back, and is connected to the tip of the conveyor.
A loading device that moves between the back and the back of the loading platform while expanding and contracting the conveyor , and the loading device and the stretching device.
In the width direction of the truck bed with the retracted conveyor stored
A base that is movable to the
A crossover plate is provided between the back end of the loading platform and the crossover plate,
A sensor for detecting the distance to the side wall of the truck bed.
A sensor to the side wall detected by the sensor.
Move the base in the width direction of the truck bed based on the distance
A truck loader characterized by being moved . 2. A track loader of claim 1 Symbol mounting, loading device includes a side arm that swings in a horizontal direction in the traveling direction left and right side portions, the right and left both sides of said side arm in the truck bed A truck loader, which is configured to protrude to restrict a displacement of the loading device in a truck bed in a width direction.