JP2708711B2 - Unit housing and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a unit house and a construction method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional unit housing of this type is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 63-51226. In this unit house, a plurality of housing units are arranged at intervals as described in the claims of the above publication, a connecting beam is stretched between the housing units, and a connecting beam is placed on the connecting beam. The floor panel on the upper floor is installed more than the housing unit that stretches over the floor, so that the load on the floor panel on the upper floor is transmitted directly to the housing unit on the lower floor, and the housing unit on the upper floor is not reinforced. It is said that the function and effect of being able to be expected can be expected.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned unit house has a connecting beam for receiving the load of the floor panel of the upper-floor housing unit at the upper end of the column between the lower-floor housing units. However, the ceiling surface of the lower-floor housing unit is constrained to be lower than the joint beam of the unit, and the ceiling height of the lower-floor housing unit is inevitably low, making it hard to say that the living performance is good. Was.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and to provide a unit housing in which the ceiling height of the housing unit on the lower floor can be increased and the living performance can be enhanced. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing the above-mentioned unit house easily and efficiently while avoiding structural duplication as much as possible.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a unit house according to the present invention comprises a plurality of pillars and a plurality of horizontal members spanning between upper and lower ends of the pillars. A plurality of housing units formed into a substantially box shape by
In a unit house constructed with a plurality of floors arranged at intervals, a beam is stretched between columns of opposed housing units on the upper floor, and a floor panel of the upper floor is installed on the beam. In the above configuration, the housing unit on the upper floor may be a covered housing unit. Further, a beam may be joined between bases provided on the foundation, and a lower-floor housing unit may be installed on the beams and the base. In addition, a protrusion that contacts the beam on the upper floor and receives the load may be provided to protrude laterally at the upper end of the pillar of the housing unit on the lower floor. In this case, the protrusion may be a tenon.

According to the method of constructing a unit house of the present invention, when constructing a unit house, a plurality of lower-floor house units are arranged at intervals, and then upper end portions of columns of the opposing house units on the lower floor. Along with the horizontal material being stretched in between,
Another horizontal member is stretched between the upper ends of the pillars of the housing units on the lower floor facing in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal member, and floor panels are installed on these horizontal members, and both sides of the floor panel An upper-floor housing unit is installed on a lower-floor opposing housing unit, and a beam is joined between the lower ends of the pillars of the opposing housing unit on the upper floor and joined to the floor panel, and the beam is stretched. A separate beam is joined to the floor panel between the lower end portions of the columns of the opposing housing units on the upper floor in a direction orthogonal to the floor panel and stretched. In the above-described configuration, a plurality of sets of beams divided into two in the thickness direction are prepared, and one of the divided beams is fixed to the side surface of the floor panel in advance, and a part of the other beam is removed. When the upper floor housing unit is installed, it is stretched and fixed between the lower ends of the pillars facing the floor panel of the upper floor housing unit, and when the upper floor housing unit is installed, one of the opposite beam portions of the floor panel and the upper floor housing unit. And the other beam part is joined so as to sandwich the tenon that is laterally extended to the lower end of the pillar of the housing unit on the upper floor, and the other beam part remaining on the remaining one beam part of the floor panel is raised. The tenon may be joined so as to sandwich a tenon provided at the lower end of the pillar of the house unit on the floor so as to extend laterally in a direction orthogonal to the tenon. Further, after the housing units are arranged, a connecting wall panel is hung down from above and installed between the housing units. A cross-shaped joining plate may be fitted between the grooves formed in the opposing portions of the bridge.

[0008]

In the unit housing having the above-described structure, it is not necessary to extend a connecting beam to the upper end of the column between the housing units on the lower floor as in the conventional case. Ceiling height increases. Further, according to the method of constructing a unit house having the above-described configuration, it is possible to extremely easily construct a unit house while avoiding structural overlap as much as possible.

[0009]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a housing unit constituting a unit house according to one embodiment of the present invention. This housing unit 1A is for a lower floor and has a plurality of pillars 2A.
And a plurality of horizontal members stretched between the upper end and the lower end of the column, and are formed in a substantially box shape. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of such housing units 1A are arranged along with the housing units 1B on the upper floor at intervals and have a plurality of floors, whereby the unit housing 3 is constructed. I have. A beam 5 is stretched between the lower ends of the columns 2B of the opposing housing unit 1B on the upper floor, and a floor panel 6 on the upper floor is installed on the beam. In FIG.
7 is a connecting member (horizontal member) stretched between the upper ends of the columns 2B of the opposing housing units 1B on the upper floor, and 8 is a straddle between the upper ends of the columns 2A of the opposing housing units 1A on the lower floor. The connected timber (horizontal member) 9 is the floor of the opposing housing unit 1A on the lower floor.

When a unit house 3 is constructed by using a plurality of housing units 1A and 1B as described above, first, a plurality of housing units 1A on the lower floor are arranged at an interval, and the lower floors are opposed to each other. The connecting member 8 is stretched between the upper ends of the pillars 2A of the housing unit 1A to be connected, and the pillars 2 of the opposite housing unit 1A on the lower floor in a direction orthogonal to the connecting material.
A another connecting material 11 is stretched between the upper end portions of A, and the floor panel 6 of the housing unit 1B on the upper floor is placed on these connecting materials 8 and 11.
(See FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 5A). Floor panel 6
As shown in FIG. 6, one of the four side surfaces of the thin beam portion 5a obtained by previously dividing the two types of long and short beams 5 into two in the thickness direction is not provided with an end adjacent to the right angle direction. It is fixed so as to form the part 12 (see FIG. 3). Also, the other thicker beam portion 5b of the short beam 5 is stretched and fixed to the lower end of the column 2B of the housing unit 1B on the upper floor facing the beam portion 5a of the floor panel 6. At both ends of the beam portion 5b, a protruding tenon 13 provided laterally over the lower end of the column 2B, and a concave notch 14 into which a tenon 15 described later fits,
When fitted, the surface of the beam portion 5b on the side of the concave notch 14 comes out
It is formed so as to be flush with the surfaces of 13 and 15.

Next, the upper-floor housing unit 1B suspended by, for example, a crane is placed on the lower-floor housing unit 1A on both sides of the floor panel 6, and the corners of the pillar 2B are brought into contact with the notches 12. (See FIGS. 4A and 5B). The other beam portion 5b of the short beam 5 fixed to the lower end of the column 2B of the opposite housing unit 1B on the upper floor and the one beam portion 5a fixed to the opposing side surface of the floor panel 6 are connected to the other beam portion 5.
b, butted together by appropriate means so that the recesses 14 at both ends fit into the protruding tenon 13, and the other beam 5a of the long beam 5 which does not face the floor panel 6 is attached to the other beam. The rest of the portion 5b is butt-joined in the same manner as described above so that the concave notch 14 fits into the protruding tenon 15 which is laterally extended at the lower end of the column 2B in a direction perpendicular to the protruding tenon 13. When the two types of long and short beams 5 are divided in advance in this manner, one of the beam portions 5a, which is a part of the beams 5, and the floor panel 6 are assembled in a factory in advance and transported to the site. And then assemble housing units. Further, since the unit housing 3 thus constructed does not require a connecting beam to be stretched over the upper end of the pillar 2A between the housing units 1A on the lower floor as in the related art, the ceiling height of the housing unit 1A on the lower floor is high. Become. H in FIG. 2 represents the ceiling height.

When a connecting wall panel is installed between the housing units 1A on the lower floor when the beam 5 is stretched, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the housing units on the lower floor are installed. The joining plate 18 assembled in a cross shape is not fitted in the cross groove 17 formed on the upper end surface of the column 2A of 1A. On the other hand, a connecting material 8 is provided in advance on an upper end of a wall panel (not shown) to be installed, and a groove 20 in which a joining plate 18 is fitted is formed on both sides of the connecting material facing the cross groove 17. . Then, a wall panel is fitted between the two pillars 2A, and a joining plate 18 is fitted and joined between the groove 20 of the connecting material 8 of the panel and the cross groove 17 at the upper end of the pillar 2A. Of course, in this case, the grooves formed in the same manner as the grooves 20 are fitted into the joining plates preliminarily fitted in the cross grooves formed in the same manner as the cross grooves 17 on both sides of the lower end of the column 2A. . still,
When installing the wall panel, as described above,
Since 18 is inserted after the panels are arranged, it is possible to arrange the suspended wall panels directly below and between the housing units 1A on the lower floor where the columns 2A are located. Therefore, if such a method is employed, the wall panels can be arranged even when there is no space in front of the connecting portion, and the construction is facilitated.

As described above, the portion of the joining plate 18 that is fitted into the cross groove 17 of the column 2A and protrudes from the column 2A becomes a protruding tenon 22, and the protruding tenon has an upper surface of the column 2A as is apparent from FIG. It becomes flush with the upper end surface and projects laterally at the upper end of the column 2A. This flush tenon 22 comes into contact with the beam 5 between the housing units 1B on the upper floor to be constructed later, and the beam 5
To receive the load. Therefore, in order to receive the load as in the prior art, the pillars 2 of the housing unit 1A on the lower floor are used.
It is not necessary to provide a pillar on A. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the protruding tenon 22 is flush with the upper end surface of the column 2A. However, this is not always necessary. May be. In addition, the load of the beam 5 is received by the protruding tenon 22, but the member for receiving the load is not necessarily a tenon.
The protrusion is not limited to 22, and may be any protrusion as long as a similar effect can be expected. Further, in this example, the connecting member 8 is stretched between the protruding tenons 22 in order to prevent the columns 2A of the opposing unit 1A on the lower floor from spreading, but this is optional.

As described above, a connecting wall panel is installed between the columns 2B of the opposing housing units 1B on the upper floor joined by the floor panel 6 and the beams 5 as in the lower floor. As shown in FIG. 4 (B), a connecting member 7 is attached to the upper end of the wall panel 25, and the other beam portion 5b of the long beam 5 is joined to the lower end of the wall panel 25 in advance to be integrated. At the time of installation, the other beam portion 5b at the lower end of the wall panel 25 is butted against the one beam portion 5a of the floor panel 6 in such a manner that the recesses 14 at both ends thereof fit into the tenon 15 as described above. To join. In FIG. 4 (B), only one side (the left side in the figure) is a wall panel
Although 25 is installed and is not installed on the other side, it goes without saying that it may be installed similarly. If the other beam portion 5b and the like are provided in advance on the wall panel 25 as in this example, the construction time can be shortened.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the upper-floor house unit 1B is a house unit with a roof (a house unit partially having a roof piece constituting a part of the roof of the unit house). A beam 5 is also stretched between the lower ends of the columns 2B of the unit 1B, and a floor panel 6 of a house unit with a roof is installed on the beam. The method of constructing the beams 5 and the floor panels 6 is substantially the same as described above. In this way, the floor below the covered housing unit (usually 2 floors)
The ceiling height of the residential unit on the floor can also be increased. In the example of FIG. 10, a beam 29 is joined between a base 28 provided on a foundation 27, and a lower-floor housing unit 1A is installed on the beam 29 and the base 28. In this way, there is no need to provide a beam between the lower ends of the columns 2A of the opposing housing units 1A on the lower floor, and the beam 29 can receive the load applied to the unit. 1
It is not necessary to provide a beam between the lower ends of the columns A of A. The ceiling height between the columns 2A of the opposing housing units 1A on the lower floor can be further increased.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, as described above, a beam is stretched between columns of opposed housing units on the upper floor, and a floor panel on the upper floor is installed on the beam. There is no need to stretch the connecting beams between the opposing housing units on the floor, and the ceiling height between the opposing housing units on the lower floor can be increased, improving the living performance of unit housing that was not possible or impossible in the past. be able to. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the same effect can be expected in the case of a house unit with a roof. According to the invention of claim 3, since the beams of the lower-floor housing units are provided on the foundation and need not be provided on the lower-floor housing units themselves, the ceiling height of the lower-floor housing units can be further increased. The invention of claim 4 is
The load of the beams of the housing units on the upper floor can be received by the projections provided on the pillars of the housing units on the lower floor.
The invention according to claim 5 can realize the effect of claim 4 by tenon.

According to the invention of claim 6, it is possible to construct such a unit house very easily and efficiently while avoiding structural overlap as much as possible. According to the construction method of the present invention, a beam is divided into a plurality of beams, and conventionally, for example, the beams are arranged so as to be overlapped with columns of adjacent housing units, thereby avoiding wasteful structural overlap. Space saving of the beam arrangement space can be achieved. In addition, it is possible to assemble one of the beams, which is a part of the beam, and the floor panel in advance in the factory, which facilitates transportation to the site and installation work at the site. According to the invention of claim 8, even when the wall panels are arranged between the housing units, the wall panels can be easily arranged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a substantially box-shaped house unit constituting a unit house according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a unit house constructed by arranging a plurality of house units at intervals and having a plurality of stories.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a floor panel of an upper-floor housing unit installed on a lower-floor housing unit and being constructed.

FIG. 4 (A) is a schematic front view during construction of the above, and FIG. 4 (B) is a schematic side view thereof.

FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C are partial perspective views illustrating the procedure of a construction method.

FIG. 6 is an exploded plan view showing an example of dividing a beam.

FIG. 7A is a partial perspective view for explaining connection of pillars between housing units on the lower floor, and FIG. 7B is a partial view before attachment of part B in FIG. 7A.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view between a lower floor housing unit and an upper floor housing unit.

9A is a schematic front view showing an example of a covered housing unit, and FIG. 9B is a schematic plan view thereof.

FIG. 10 is a schematic side view showing an example of the entire unit house constructed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A Lower-floor housing unit 1B Upper-floor housing unit 2A Lower-floor housing unit pillar 2B Upper-floor housing unit pillar 3 Housing unit 5 Beam 5a One beam part 5b The other beam part 6 Floor panel 13,15, 22 Outgoing tenon 25 Wall panel 27 Foundation 28 Base 29 Beam

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hidenori Komiya 1-13-1, Misuku, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo ES BYL Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Kazuyuki Kurata 1 Mitsuku, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Central 13th Research Center ES-B-L Inc. (72) Inventor Noriko Kojima 1-13-1 Misukujuku, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Inside the Central Research Laboratory ES-B-L Inc. (56) References JP-B 63-51226 (JP, B2)

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of housing units each formed in a substantially box shape by a plurality of pillars and a plurality of horizontal members spanning between upper ends and lower ends of the pillars. A unit house, comprising: a unit house constructed in a plurality of stories by arranging a plurality of floors, wherein a beam is stretched between columns of opposed housing units on the upper floor, and a floor panel of the upper floor is installed on the beam. 2. The unit house according to claim 1, wherein the house unit on the upper floor is a house unit with a roof. 3. The unit house according to claim 1, wherein a beam is joined between bases provided on the foundation, and a lower-floor house unit is installed on the beams and the base. 4. The projection according to claim 1, wherein a projection which abuts on the beam on the upper floor and receives the load is provided to protrude laterally at the upper end of the pillar of the housing unit on the lower floor. Unit housing. 5. The unit house according to claim 4, wherein the projection is a tenon. 6. When constructing a unit house, after arranging a plurality of lower-floor housing units at intervals, a horizontal member is stretched between upper ends of columns of the opposing housing units on the lower floor. At the same time, another horizontal member is stretched between the upper ends of the columns of the opposite housing units on the lower floor in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal member, and a floor panel is installed on these horizontal members, The upper-floor housing units are installed on the lower-floor opposing housing units that are on both sides of the lower-floor housing units, and beams are joined to the floor panels between the lower end portions of the columns of the opposing housing units on the upper floor and stretched. A method of constructing a unit house, characterized in that another beam is joined to the floor panel and stretched between lower end portions of the columns of the housing units on the upper floor, which are orthogonal to the beams. 7. A plurality of sets of beams divided into two in the thickness direction are prepared, and one of the divided beams is fixed to a side surface of the floor panel in advance, and a part of the other beam is partially fixed. When the upper floor housing unit is installed, it is stretched and fixed between the lower ends of the pillars facing the floor panel of the upper floor housing unit, and one of the opposing beams of the floor panel and the upper floor housing unit is installed. Part and the other beam part are joined so as to sandwich the protruding tenon provided laterally at the lower end of the pillar of the housing unit on the upper floor, and the other beam part remaining on the remaining one beam part of the floor panel 7. The method for constructing a unit house according to claim 6, wherein a joining tenon is provided at a lower end portion of the pillar of the housing unit on the upper floor so as to sandwich the tenon provided so as to extend laterally in a direction orthogonal to the tenon. 8. After arranging the housing units, a connecting wall panel is hung down from above and installed between the housing units, and a cross groove formed in an upper end portion of a pillar of the housing unit and an upper end portion of the wall panel. The method for constructing a unit house according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a cross-shaped joining plate is fitted between grooves formed in opposing portions of the provided horizontal member.