JP2671616B2 - Exhaust filter for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust filter for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JP2671616B2 JP2671616B2 JP3027066A JP2706691A JP2671616B2 JP 2671616 B2 JP2671616 B2 JP 2671616B2 JP 3027066 A JP3027066 A JP 3027066A JP 2706691 A JP2706691 A JP 2706691A JP 2671616 B2 JP2671616 B2 JP 2671616B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mesh
- exhaust
- metal plate
- filter element
- shaped metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0217—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters the filtering elements having the form of hollow cylindrical bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0214—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with filters comprising movable parts, e.g. rotating filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
- F01N2330/04—Methods of manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
- F01N2330/324—Corrugations of rectangular form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/42—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details made of three or more different sheets, foils or plates stacked one on the other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、内燃機関、特にディ
ーゼル機関で問題となるカーボン等の排気微粒子を捕集
除去するための排気フィルタに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust filter for collecting and removing exhaust particles such as carbon which are problematic in an internal combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ディーゼル機関で問題となるカーボン等
の排気微粒子を、排気系に介装した排気フィルタにて捕
集除去することは従来から考えられており、種々の形式
の排気フィルタが既に提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art It has been conventionally considered to collect and remove exhaust particulates such as carbon, which is a problem in diesel engines, with an exhaust filter interposed in an exhaust system, and various types of exhaust filters have already been proposed. Have been.
【0003】この排気フィルタの代表的なものは、いわ
ゆる目封じ型フィルタに代表される濾過捕集形式のもの
である。上記目封じ型フィルタは、例えば特開昭56−
124417号公報に示されているように、セラミック
ス製のブロックに排気流方向に沿った多数の微細な流路
を形成し、かつ各流路の端部を交互にセラミックスにて
閉塞した構成であって、流路間のセラミックスの隔壁を
排気が通過することにより、排気微粒子を濾過捕集する
ようにしたものである。[0003] A typical example of this exhaust filter is a filtration and collection type represented by a so-called plug-in type filter. The plugged type filter is disclosed in, for example,
As shown in JP-A-124417, a large number of fine channels are formed in a ceramic block along the exhaust flow direction, and the ends of each channel are alternately closed with ceramics. The exhaust gas passes through the ceramic partition between the flow paths, thereby filtering and collecting the exhaust fine particles.
【0004】この濾過捕集形式のものでは、非常に高い
捕集効率が得られる反面、排気微粒子を過剰捕集し易
く、微粒子捕集量がフィルタの焼損限界を越え易い。つ
まり、バーナー等を用いた強制再生や排気熱による再生
の時期が多少でも遅れたりした場合に、多量の排気微粒
子が急激に燃焼し、フィルタの焼損を招く可能性があ
る。しかも焼却除去が不可能なAsh成分(オイル添加
剤の酸化物等)までも捕集してしまい、いずれは目詰ま
り状態に至る可能性がある。[0004] In this filter-collection type, although a very high collection efficiency is obtained, exhaust particulates are easily collected excessively, and the particulate collection amount easily exceeds the burnout limit of the filter. In other words, if the timing of forced regeneration using a burner or the like or regeneration by exhaust heat is slightly delayed, a large amount of exhaust particulates may rapidly burn, resulting in burnout of the filter. In addition, even Ash components (such as oxides of oil additives) that cannot be removed by incineration are collected, which may eventually lead to clogging.
【0005】そこで、この濾過捕集形式のものに代え
て、付着捕集形式の排気フィルタが提案されている。そ
の一例としては、特開昭62−45309号公報に見ら
れるようなセラミックスの三次元多孔体いわゆるセラミ
ックスフォームをフィルタエレメントとしたものや、実
開昭51−23615号公報に見られるように、触媒を
担持した薄い耐熱性繊維板を多数積層してフィルタエレ
メントとしたものなどが知られている。この付着捕集形
式のものでは、フィルタエレメント内に生じる複雑な流
路を排気ガスが通流する際に、その流路表面に排気微粒
子が付着して捕集されるのである。[0005] Therefore, an exhaust filter of an adhesion collection type has been proposed in place of the filtration and collection type. As one example thereof, a three-dimensional porous body of ceramics, that is, a so-called ceramics foam used as a filter element, as disclosed in JP-A-62-45309, and a catalyst as disclosed in JP-A-51-23615. It is known that a plurality of thin heat-resistant fiberboards carrying the are laminated to form a filter element. In this adhering and collecting type, when exhaust gas flows through a complicated flow path generated inside the filter element, exhaust particulates are adhered and collected on the surface of the flow path.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のような付着捕集
形式のものでは、過剰捕集は生じにくく、かつAsh成
分による目詰まりも生じにくい。しかし、その反面、捕
集密度が排気の入口側表面のみで高くなり、フィルタエ
レメント全体に亙って広く排気微粒子を分布させること
が難しい。そのため、再生時に局部的に高温となって焼
損する虞れがある。In the case of the above-mentioned adhesion trapping type, excessive trapping is unlikely to occur and clogging due to the Ash component is unlikely to occur. However, on the other hand, the collection density becomes high only on the surface of the exhaust gas on the inlet side, and it is difficult to distribute the exhaust gas particles widely throughout the filter element. As a result, there is a risk that the temperature will rise locally during regeneration, causing burnout.
【0007】また、局部的に排気微粒子が多く存在して
いる箇所では、フィルタ材料の表面に排気微粒子が直接
付着せずに、捕集された微粒子の上に更に排気微粒子が
付着した状態となって、その付着強度が弱いため、機関
を急加速したような場合に多量の排気微粒子が外部へ急
激にブローオフし、黒煙となって排出されるという欠点
がある。Further, at a place where a large amount of exhaust particulates exist locally, the exhaust particulates do not directly adhere to the surface of the filter material, but the exhaust particulates further adhere to the collected particulates. However, since the adhesion strength is weak, a large amount of exhaust particulates are suddenly blown off to the outside and black smoke is emitted when the engine is rapidly accelerated.
【0008】すなわち、この付着捕集形式のフィルタの
利点を十分に生かすためには、フィルタ内部での緩慢な
ブローオフを許容し、フィルタエレメント全体に広く、
かつより均一に排気微粒子を分布させることが望まし
い。That is, in order to fully utilize the advantage of this filter of the adhering and collecting type, a slow blow-off inside the filter is allowed, and the filter element is widely spread over the entire filter element.
Moreover, it is desirable to distribute the exhaust particulates more uniformly.
【0009】また実開昭51−23615号公報のよう
に、耐熱性繊維板をそのまま多数積層した構成では、通
気抵抗が無意味に増大するばかりで、排気微粒子の捕集
効率はそれ程高く得られない、という欠点もある。Further, as in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 51-23615, in a structure in which a large number of heat-resistant fiber boards are laminated as they are, the ventilation resistance is meaninglessly increased, and the collection efficiency of exhaust particulates is so high. There is also a drawback that it does not exist.
【0010】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明に係る内燃機関
の排気フィルタは、平坦な網目状金属板と、断面が略方
形波状をなすように凹凸に形成された網目状金属板と、
を重ね合わせて一層とし、かつこれを複数層円筒状に積
層してフィルタエレメントを構成するとともに、この円
筒状フィルタエレメントを、その半径方向に排気が通流
するようにケーシング内に収容したことを特徴としてい
る。An exhaust gas filter for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention comprises a flat mesh-shaped metal plate and a mesh-shaped metal plate formed in a concavo-convex shape so that a cross section has a substantially square wave shape.
To form a filter element by stacking them in a single layer, and stacking them in a cylindrical shape in a plurality of layers, and accommodating the cylindrical filter element in a casing so that exhaust gas flows in the radial direction thereof. It has a feature.
【0011】[0011]
【作用】上記構成では、円筒状に多数巻回された平坦な
網目状金属板の間に、凹凸状の網目状金属板が挟まれて
いるため、平坦な網目状金属板の間にそれぞれ適宜な空
間が確保される。そして、この平坦な網目状金属板と凹
凸網目状金属板の凹部もしくは凸部が接している箇所で
は、複数板の網目状金属板が直接重なり合っている形と
なるため、排気は通りにくくなる。これに対し、凹凸網
目状金属板と重なっていない箇所、あるいは凹凸網目状
金属板の屈曲した立ち上がり部などでは、網目状金属板
が1枚となっている部分が生じ、ここは排気が通り易
い。In the above construction, since the uneven mesh-shaped metal plate is sandwiched between the flat mesh-shaped metal plates wound in a large number of cylindrical shapes, an appropriate space is secured between the flat mesh-shaped metal plates. To be done. At the place where the flat mesh-shaped metal plate and the concave or convex portion of the concave-convex mesh-shaped metal plate are in contact with each other, a plurality of mesh-shaped metal plates are directly overlapped with each other, which makes it difficult for exhaust gas to pass through. On the other hand, in a portion that does not overlap with the uneven mesh-shaped metal plate or in a bent rising portion of the uneven mesh-shaped metal plate, there is a part in which the mesh-shaped metal plate is one, and exhaust gas can easily pass through here. .
【0012】従って、円筒状フィルタエレメントを半径
方向に通流しようとする排気は、微視的に見れば、通路
抵抗の小さな部分を通ろうとするため、半径方向および
周方向に何回も屈曲しながら乱れた流れとなり、網目状
金属板を何回も通過することになる。[0012] Therefore, the exhaust gas that attempts to flow through the cylindrical filter element in the radial direction attempts to pass through a portion having a small passage resistance in a microscopic view, and therefore is bent many times in the radial direction and the circumferential direction. However, the flow becomes turbulent and passes through the mesh metal plate many times.
【0013】そのため、フィルタエレメントの排気入口
側で捕集しきれなかった排気微粒子あるいは加速時等に
排気入口側の部分からブローオフした排気微粒子は、屈
曲しつつ網目状金属板を何回も通過する間に確実に捕集
される。つまり内部での緩慢なブローオフによってフィ
ルタエレメントに広く排気微粒子が分布するようにな
る。Therefore, the exhaust particulates that cannot be completely collected on the exhaust inlet side of the filter element or the exhaust particulates blown off from the exhaust inlet side during acceleration or the like pass through the mesh metal plate many times while bending. Collected in the meantime. That is, exhaust gas particles are widely distributed in the filter element due to the slow blow-off inside.
【0014】また各網目状金属板の間に適宜な空間を有
するため、排気との実質的な接触表面積が増し、捕集効
率が高くなる。Further, since there is an appropriate space between each mesh-shaped metal plate, the substantial contact surface area with exhaust gas is increased, and the collection efficiency is increased.
【0015】[0015]
【実施例】以下、この発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて
詳細に説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【0016】図5は、この発明に係る排気フィルタの全
体的構成を示す断面図であり、円筒状をなすケーシング
1の一端に排気入口管2が一体に形成されている。また
ケーシング1他端の開口を覆うようにカバー3が溶接さ
れており、該カバー3の中心部に排気出口管4が形成さ
れている。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the overall construction of the exhaust filter according to the present invention, in which an exhaust inlet pipe 2 is integrally formed at one end of a cylindrical casing 1. A cover 3 is welded to cover the opening at the other end of the casing 1, and an exhaust outlet pipe 4 is formed at the center of the cover 3.
【0017】そして、円筒状をなすフィルタエレメント
5が上記ケーシング1内に収容されている。このフィル
タエレメント5は、排気出口管4側の端面が円板状のス
プリングシート6によって閉塞されており、かつこのス
プリングシート6と上記カバー3との間に圧縮状態で配
設されたコイルスプリング7によって、排気入口管2側
のケーシング1端面に押し付けられている。尚、ケーシ
ング1壁面とフィルタエレメント5端面との間には、環
状をなす緩衝材8が介装されている。またフィルタエレ
メント5外周とケーシング1内周面との間には、排気流
路となる十分な間隙が与えられている。A cylindrical filter element 5 is housed in the casing 1. The filter element 5 has an end face on the exhaust outlet pipe 4 side closed by a disc-shaped spring seat 6, and a coil spring 7 arranged in a compressed state between the spring seat 6 and the cover 3. Is pressed against the end surface of the casing 1 on the exhaust inlet pipe 2 side. An annular cushioning material 8 is interposed between the wall surface of the casing 1 and the end surface of the filter element 5. Further, a sufficient gap serving as an exhaust flow path is provided between the outer periphery of the filter element 5 and the inner peripheral surface of the casing 1.
【0018】従って、排気の概略的な流れとしては、矢
印で示すように、排気入口管2からフィルタエレメント
5の中心部に流入し、かつフィルタエレメント5を半径
方向に流れて、外周の間隙から排気出口管2へと流れ出
るようになっている。Therefore, as a general flow of the exhaust gas, as shown by an arrow, it flows into the central portion of the filter element 5 from the exhaust inlet pipe 2 and flows in the radial direction of the filter element 5 from the outer peripheral gap. It is designed to flow out to the exhaust outlet pipe 2.
【0019】図4は、上記フィルタエレメント5を示す
斜視図であり、図1,図2はその要部の断面を示してい
る。FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the filter element 5, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show a cross section of a main part thereof.
【0020】このフィルタエレメント5は、図3に示す
ように3枚の網目状金属板11,12,13を重ね合わ
せて一層とし、これを円筒状に多数積層した構成となっ
ている。As shown in FIG. 3, the filter element 5 has a structure in which three mesh-shaped metal plates 11, 12 and 13 are superposed on each other to form one layer, and a large number of these are laminated in a cylindrical shape.
【0021】詳述すると、これらの網目状金属板11〜
13は、いずれも薄い金属板に多数のスリットを切り込
み、かつこれをスリットと直交する方向に引き伸ばして
網目状に形成したものであって、その第1の網目状金属
板11は平坦に形成されている。また中間に位置する第
2の網目状金属板12は、一定ピッチPでもってフィル
タエレメント5軸方向に沿った多数の凹部12aを形成
した凹凸状をなしている。上記凹部12aは、一定高さ
の方形波状の断面を有しており、その幅Tは、ピッチP
の1/4程度となっている。また、第3の網目状金属板
13は、一定ピッチP´でもってフィルタエレメント5
軸方向に沿った多数の凸部13aを形成した凹凸状をな
している。上記凸部13aは、上記凹部12aと同一の
高さの方形波状断面を有しており、その幅T´は、ピッ
チP´の1/4程度となっている。この第3網目状金属
板13のピッチP´は、第2網目状金属板12における
ピッチPと同一でも良いが、円筒状に巻回した際に円周
の長さが若干異なるものとなるので、相対的に内周側と
なる第3網目状金属板13のピッチP´を極く僅か小さ
く設定しておけば一層望ましい。More specifically, these mesh metal plates 11 to 11 will be described.
13 is a thin metal plate in which a large number of slits are cut, and these slits are stretched in a direction orthogonal to the slits to form a mesh shape, and the first mesh-shaped metal plate 11 is formed flat. ing. Further, the second mesh-shaped metal plate 12 located in the middle has an uneven shape in which a large number of concave portions 12a are formed at a constant pitch P along the axial direction of the filter element 5. The recess 12a has a rectangular wave-shaped cross section with a constant height, and the width T thereof is the pitch P.
It is about 1/4 of that. In addition, the third mesh-shaped metal plate 13 has the filter element 5 with a constant pitch P ′.
It has a concavo-convex shape in which a large number of convex portions 13a are formed along the axial direction. The convex portion 13a has a rectangular wave-shaped cross section having the same height as the concave portion 12a, and its width T'is about 1/4 of the pitch P '. The pitch P ′ of the third mesh-shaped metal plate 13 may be the same as the pitch P of the second mesh-shaped metal plate 12, but since the circumference length is slightly different when wound in a cylindrical shape. It is more desirable to set the pitch P ′ of the third mesh-shaped metal plate 13 on the relatively inner peripheral side to a very small value.
【0022】尚、これらの網目状金属板11〜13は、
個々にあるいは組立状態において触媒を含むセラミック
スのコーティングがなされ、触媒を担持した状態となっ
ている。The mesh-shaped metal plates 11 to 13 are
A ceramic containing a catalyst is coated individually or in an assembled state to support the catalyst.
【0023】上記の3枚の網目状金属板11〜13は、
互いに重ね合わされ、フィルタエレメント5の一層を構
成している。このとき、図1,図2に示すように、第2
網目状金属板12の凹部12aと第3網目状金属板13
の凸部13aとがなるべく等間隔に位置するように互い
に重ね合わされている。そして、比較的剛性の高い網目
状の金属製内筒14を中心として、3枚一層とした網目
状金属板11〜13が多数積層され、フィルタエレメン
ト5を構成している。尚、長く連続した網目状金属板1
1〜13を渦巻状に巻き付けていっても良く、あるいは
所定長さにカットしたものを一層づつ積層するようにし
ても良い。また、このように積層した各層は、例えばス
ポット溶接等により固定される。The above three mesh-shaped metal plates 11 to 13 are
They are superposed on each other and form one layer of the filter element 5. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
The recess 12a of the mesh metal plate 12 and the third mesh metal plate 13
And the convex portions 13a are overlapped with each other so that they are located at equal intervals. A large number of three-layered mesh-shaped metal plates 11 to 13 are laminated around the mesh-shaped metal inner cylinder 14 having a relatively high rigidity to form the filter element 5. In addition, a long continuous mesh metal plate 1
1 to 13 may be spirally wound or may be cut into a predetermined length and laminated one by one. The layers thus laminated are fixed by spot welding or the like.
【0024】上記のように3枚一層となった網目状金属
板11〜13を多数積層した状態では、平坦な第1網目
状金属板11の外周に、次の層の第3網目状金属板13
が重なることになり、図1もしくは図2に示すような断
面状態となる。つまり、各層の平坦な第1網目状金属板
11の間に、第2,第3網目状金属板12,13によっ
て適宜な間隙16が確保されているとともに、この間隙
16が第2,第3網目状金属板12,13の立ち上がり
部および立ち下がり部によって略等間隔に区画された形
となっている。また第2網目状金属板12の凹部12a
先端部あるいは第3網目状金属板13の凸部13a先端
部が第1網目状金属板11と接している箇所では、各層
の重なり具合により、2〜4枚の網目状金属板が密に重
なり合った状態となっている。逆に、各層の重なり具合
によっては、図2のように、上下の層の間隙16が第1
網目状金属板11の1枚で仕切られた形となる箇所も生
じる。In the state where a large number of three-layer mesh metal plates 11 to 13 are stacked as described above, the third mesh metal plate of the next layer is provided on the outer periphery of the flat first mesh metal plate 11. Thirteen
Are overlapped with each other, resulting in a cross sectional state as shown in FIG. 1 or 2. That is, an appropriate gap 16 is secured by the second and third mesh-shaped metal plates 12 and 13 between the flat first mesh-shaped metal plates 11 of each layer, and the gap 16 is the second and third mesh plates. The mesh-shaped metal plates 12 and 13 are divided into substantially equal intervals by the rising and falling portions. In addition, the concave portion 12a of the second mesh-shaped metal plate 12
At the position where the tip portion or the tip portion of the convex portion 13a of the third mesh-shaped metal plate 13 is in contact with the first mesh-shaped metal plate 11, 2 to 4 mesh-shaped metal plates are closely overlapped due to the overlapping condition of each layer. It is in a state of On the contrary, depending on how the layers overlap, as shown in FIG. 2, the gap 16 between the upper and lower layers is the first.
A part of the mesh-shaped metal plate 11 that is partitioned by one sheet also occurs.
【0025】従って、フィルタエレメント5全体を概ね
半径方向にながれようとする排気は、図1,図2に矢印
で示すように、網目状金属板の重なり枚数の少ない箇所
つまり通気抵抗の少ない箇所を選んで流れようとするた
め、微視的に見れば、半径方向に直線的に流れることは
なく、半径方向および周方向に非常に乱れた形で流れて
行く。そして、半径方向へ直線的に流れる場合に比して
遥かに多くの回数だけ網目状金属板11〜13を通過す
ることになる。Therefore, as for the exhaust gas which flows toward the entire filter element 5 in the substantially radial direction, as shown by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2, the exhaust gas is applied to a place where the number of mesh metal plates is small, that is, a place where the ventilation resistance is low. Microscopically, it does not flow linearly in the radial direction because it tries to flow selectively, but it flows in a very disturbed form in the radial and circumferential directions. Then, it passes through the mesh-like metal plates 11 to 13 much more times than the case of linearly flowing in the radial direction.
【0026】そのため、初期にフィルタエレメント5内
周部に多く付着した排気微粒子が急加速時等にブローオ
フしたとしても、これより外周側の網目状金属板11〜
13において再度付着捕集され、外部へ急激にブローオ
フすることがない。For this reason, even if exhaust particulate matter that adheres to the inner peripheral portion of the filter element 5 initially blows off at the time of sudden acceleration, etc., the mesh-shaped metal plates 11 to 11 on the outer peripheral side than this.
It is adhered and collected again at 13 and does not suddenly blow off to the outside.
【0027】つまり、緩慢な内部ブローオフが行われ、
排気微粒子がフィルタエレメント5全体に広く分布する
ようになる。そのため再生時の局部的な過熱が防止され
る。That is, a slow internal blow-off is performed,
Exhaust particles are widely distributed throughout the filter element 5. Therefore, local overheating during regeneration is prevented.
【0028】また、各層の網目状金属板11〜13の間
に十分な間隙16が確保されるため、排気との実質的な
接触面積が増え、通気抵抗の大幅な増大を来すことなく
捕集効率を高めることができる。尚、表面にセラミック
スコーティングを施すことによって捕集効率は一層向上
する。Further, since the sufficient gap 16 is secured between the mesh-like metal plates 11 to 13 of each layer, the substantial contact area with the exhaust gas is increased, and the ventilation resistance is not significantly increased. Collection efficiency can be improved. The collection efficiency is further improved by applying a ceramic coating on the surface.
【0029】そして、上記のように排気微粒子の分布が
比較的均一であり、かつ内部に多数の間隙16が存在す
ることから、触媒との接触効率が良好となり、触媒作用
による再生能力や排気浄化作用が向上する。As described above, since the distribution of exhaust particulates is relatively uniform and a large number of gaps 16 are present inside, the contact efficiency with the catalyst becomes good, and the regeneration ability by catalyst action and exhaust purification. The action is improved.
【0030】しかも、上記フィルタエレメント5は、全
体が金属製であるから、熱容量を非常に小さくでき、機
関始動時等における昇温特性に優れたものとなる。Moreover, since the filter element 5 is entirely made of metal, the heat capacity can be made extremely small, and the temperature rising characteristics at the time of engine start and the like can be excellent.
【0031】尚、上記構成では、捕集そのものは付着捕
集の形で行われるため、濾過捕集のような過剰捕集が防
止され、またAsh成分による目詰まりも生じにくい。In the above construction, since the collection itself is carried out in the form of adhering collection, excessive collection such as filtration collection is prevented, and clogging due to the Ash component hardly occurs.
【0032】以上、この発明の一実施例を説明したが、
この発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、例え
ば凹凸網目状金属板を1枚とした構成も可能である。The embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and may have, for example, a configuration in which one corrugated metal plate is used.
【0033】また、上記実施例では、網目状金属板11
〜13に触媒を担持させているが、この触媒担持は必須
ではない。In the above embodiment, the mesh metal plate 11 is used.
Although the catalyst is supported on ~ 13, this catalyst support is not essential.
【0034】[0034]
【発明の効果】以上の説明で明らかなように、この発明
に係る内燃機関の排気フィルタにおいては、網目状金属
板からなるフィルタエレメント内を排気流が半径方向お
よび周方向に複雑に屈曲しながら流れるため、通気抵抗
の大幅な増大を来すことなく捕集効率を高めることがで
きる。そして、緩慢な内部ブローオフを実現でき、フィ
ルタエレメント全体に広く排気微粒子を分布させること
ができるとともに、加速時等における外部への急激なブ
ローオフが防止される。As is clear from the above description, in the exhaust gas filter of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention, the exhaust flow is complicatedly bent in the radial direction and the circumferential direction in the filter element made of the mesh metal plate. Since it flows, the trapping efficiency can be improved without significantly increasing the ventilation resistance. Then, a slow internal blow-off can be realized, exhaust particulates can be widely distributed over the entire filter element, and abrupt blow-off to the outside during acceleration or the like can be prevented.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図1】この発明に係る排気フィルタのフィルタエレメ
ントの要部断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a filter element of an exhaust filter according to the present invention.
【図2】同じくフィルタエレメントの異なる部分の要部
断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an essential part of a different part of the filter element.
【図3】フィルタエレメントの一層を分解状態で示す説
明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing one layer of the filter element in a disassembled state.
【図4】フィルタエレメントの斜視図。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a filter element.
【図5】排気フィルタ全体の断面図。FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the entire exhaust filter.
1…ケーシング 5…フィルタエレメント 11〜13…網目状金属板 16…間隙 1 ... Casing 5 ... Filter element 11-13 ... Mesh metal plate 16 ... Gap
Claims (1)
状をなすように凹凸に形成された網目状金属板と、を重
ね合わせて一層とし、かつこれを複数層円筒状に積層し
てフィルタエレメントを構成するとともに、この円筒状
フィルタエレメントを、その半径方向に排気が通流する
ようにケーシング内に収容したことを特徴とする内燃機
関の排気フィルタ。1. A flat reticulated metal plate and a reticulated metal plate formed in a concave-convex shape so that the cross section has a substantially square wave shape are stacked to form a single layer, and the multi-layered cylindrical plates are laminated. An exhaust filter for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a cylindrical filter element is housed in a casing so that exhaust gas flows in a radial direction thereof.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3027066A JP2671616B2 (en) | 1991-02-21 | 1991-02-21 | Exhaust filter for internal combustion engine |
DE4205357A DE4205357C2 (en) | 1991-02-21 | 1992-02-21 | Engine exhaust filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3027066A JP2671616B2 (en) | 1991-02-21 | 1991-02-21 | Exhaust filter for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04265410A JPH04265410A (en) | 1992-09-21 |
JP2671616B2 true JP2671616B2 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
Family
ID=12210701
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP3027066A Expired - Lifetime JP2671616B2 (en) | 1991-02-21 | 1991-02-21 | Exhaust filter for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2671616B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE4205357C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4417815C1 (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1995-10-12 | Inventa Ag | Filter for polymer melts or solns. |
DE19633896A1 (en) * | 1996-08-22 | 1998-02-26 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Housing filter |
DE19908397A1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2000-08-31 | Hans W Eitschberger | Filter-interceptor holder used in textile, plastic and paper industries has air-flowing cross-section of pipes blocked by a holder with fixed mesh aperture |
DE19919928C2 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2001-04-26 | Oberland Mangold Gmbh | Filter structure for filtering solids from a gas stream as well as particle filters |
DE20205520U1 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-08-08 | Filterwerk Mann + Hummel GmbH, 71638 Ludwigsburg | Filters in a filter housing |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2064360B (en) * | 1979-12-03 | 1984-05-16 | Gen Motors Corp | Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods for making such filters |
DE3330020A1 (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-02-28 | Interatom Internationale Atomreaktorbau Gmbh, 5060 Bergisch Gladbach | DIESEL EXHAUST GAS FILTER |
US4913712A (en) * | 1987-11-18 | 1990-04-03 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Filter for cleaning exhaust gases of diesel engines |
JPH05123615A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-21 | Toto Ltd | Opening/closing mechanism device in multipurpose water ejecting apparatus |
JPH06245309A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-09-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Current collector and vehicle mounting the same |
-
1991
- 1991-02-21 JP JP3027066A patent/JP2671616B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-02-21 DE DE4205357A patent/DE4205357C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4205357A1 (en) | 1992-08-27 |
DE4205357C2 (en) | 1996-07-11 |
JPH04265410A (en) | 1992-09-21 |
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