JP2569306B2 - Figure measuring device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a planimeter of a linear type, a polar coordinate type or the like, and a figure measuring device such as a position of an arbitrary point on a coordinate or a line length along a figure therebetween.

[Conventional technology]

The planimeter traces a trace portion provided at one end of a measuring rod into a figure, and inputs the measured value to a computer to measure the area, line length, coordinate points, and the like of the figure.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Conventionally, when only a plurality of measurement points were measured in the discontinuous mode, the area, length, etc. were measured values of the figure when each point was connected by a straight line. It was different from the case of figures and was inaccurate.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention eliminates such a drawback, and is based on the operation of a trace portion, a switch for holding coordinates and a switch for setting an arc signal, which can be moved along a plane and can be placed at any point on a closed curve on the plane. In a planimeter comprising means for reading two-dimensional position coordinates of a point where a trace portion is placed by a measurement instruction signal and means for storing coordinate values read for a plurality of measurement points over the entire circumference of a figure, an arbitrary point on the closed curve In the above, a measurement instruction signal is generated, and an arc signal is generated in the curved portion on the closed curve to perform measurement.A computer is provided in the body of the planimeter, and the coordinate holding switch and the switch for setting the arc signal are provided. The signal is input to the computer together with the setting signal, and the computer receives the arc signal of the switch for setting the arc signal. At the curved portion on the closed curve, the coordinate value of the arbitrarily selected measurement point on the curved portion is read by an arc signal, and converted into an arc passing through the three points together with the coordinate values before and after this measurement point. A figure measuring device provided with means for calculating the area or length surrounding the closed curve by converting the signal between the other points to which the signal of the coordinate holding switch is input into a straight line.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b) and 1 (c) show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a straight-type planimeter, which is provided so as to reciprocate in one direction by a pair of wide wheels 1,1. One end of a measuring rod 3 is pivotally attached to the disc-shaped body 2 so as to rotate about a vertical axis 4, and an eccentric magnifying lens for tracing a figure is rotatably fitted to the other end of the measuring rod 3. A trace section 5 and a digital display section 6 for measured values are provided.

When the measuring rod 3 is at the reference position, a lock device 8 which engages with a pin 7 implanted in the body 2 is pivotally connected to the instrument body 2 by a shaft 9, and a switch D which is turned off in this locked state is provided. When removed, the switch D is turned on, and the measured value is returned to zero by the signal d at this time.

A computer 10 is provided in the body 2 of the planimeter provided in the body 2 or the measuring rod 3, and a keyboard for inputting commands such as scale, unit, four arithmetic operations, and measurement mode to the computer 10 on the surface thereof. 11 is provided, and the result is displayed on the display unit 6. A switch 13 for setting an adjustment signal is provided in the housing 2. A switch 14 for holding a coordinate position, a switch 15 for switching between continuous and discontinuous, and a switch 18 for setting an arc signal are provided at the tip of the rod 3. 15a is an indicator lamp of the switch 15. A second rotation angle of measuring lever 3 in the measurement signal b ₁ and the vertical axis 4 of rotation angle of the wheel 1, as illustrated measurement signals b ₂ and the switch 13, 1
The output signals s ₆ , s ₈ , s ₉ and the arc signal s _{7 of 4} , 15 and 18 and the output signal k of the keyboard 11 are input to the computer 10.

In the case of planimetry of some form of integration vehicle 12 is input to the computer 10 the measured signal a ₁ instead of the signal b _2. In the case of a polar coordinate type planimeter, the measurement signals c ₁ and c ₂ of the rotation angles at the respective axes are input to the computer 10 instead of the measurement signals b ₁ and b ₂ .

The switch 13 is, for example, four small switches s ₁ , s ₂ , s ₃ , s
₄ are turned on and off is to generate a 4-bit signal s _6. Or it may be a rotary switch s ₅ having 16 code generating terminal instead.

The switch 14 protrudes upward from the tip of the measuring rod 3 and has a height at which the forefinger just hits the trace portion when it is grasped. At the upper end of the cylinder fitted to rotate to the switch 14, there is a crescent-shaped fixing portion 16, and at the upper end of the switch 14, there is a movable portion 17 that moves downward, and when this movable portion 17 is pressed,
Shall signal s ₈ is generated from the switch 14. This switch 14 is used at the time of discontinuous measurement, and is pressed at the measurement point as shown in FIG. Switch 18 is pressed when converted into a circular arc shape at each measurement point in the measurement mode, generates an arc signal s _7.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the flow shown in FIG. The fractions in the circle in the figure are portions connected to each other in the same fraction.

Computer Upon actuation of the locking device 8 in Step P ₀
The ten start switches D are turned on, and the initialization is performed by the signal d.

Next is started measured in step P _1, all the values are spilled null in step P _2. That is, the total length L and the integrated area S are 0 in the register. Then switch 14 is pressed trace section 5 in Step P ₃ comes to the first point A of FIG. 4, by the signal s ₈ data X _1, Y ₁ of the coordinate input. Then the register memory of the start point is performed in step P _4. Next, the second tracing unit 5 in step P ₅ in FIG. 4
At the point B, the switch 14 or 18 is pressed. switch
14 signal s ₈ is generated when pressed, measurement is performed each point as in the prior art proceeds to step P ₅₀ as a figure in the case of connecting with a straight line. When the switch 18 is pressed arc signal s ₇ is generated, measurement is performed as a figure in the case of connecting the points with a circular arc. Proceeds to step P ₆ At this time the step P ₅ is yes, the data of coordinates of the second point B
X ₂ and Y ₂ are input. Then switch 14 trace portion come to the third point C of FIG. 4 is pressed in step P _6, the signal
The data X ₃ and Y ₃ of the coordinates are input by s ₈ . Then is whether the first point A and the third point C is the same is determined in step P _8, when the same fails and proceeds to different case step P _9. X ₂ = X ₁ in step P ₉ is determined, in step P ₁₀ if no Is calculated in step P ₁₁ Is performed calculations, X ₃ = X ₁ whether it is determined in step P _12, the process proceeds to a no if step P _13, yes if step P _16a. Immediately if yes in step P _9, the process proceeds to step P _13. In this step P ₁₃ Is calculated, and in step ₁₄ , Is performed calculations, X ₂ = X ₁ is determined in step P _15.
Proceeds to a no al Step P ₁₆ in step P _15, the process proceeds to YES if the step P _16b.

In step P ₁₆ X ₀ = K ₂ −N ₂ · Y ₀ is calculated in step _P16a . X ₀ = K ₁ −N ₁ · Y ₀ is calculated in step _P16b . X ₀ = K ₂ −N ₂ · Y ₀ is calculated, and all of the points A, B, and
The coordinates X ₀ and Y ₀ of the center O of the circle connecting C are obtained.

Thus, the process proceeds to step P _17, Is calculated, and the length of the radius of curvature R is obtained.

Next, the process proceeds to step P _18, Is calculated, and the angle θ (radian) between the first point A and the third point C is obtained.

Next inclination is determined with respect to X ₃ = X _1, that is, the Y-axis of the straight line AC passing through the first point A to third point C in step P _19. Straight line
Proceeds to step P ₂₀ If AC is inclined, if not tilted, the process proceeds to step P _40.

Then if the line segment AC is inclined at step P ₂₀ X = X
_2, in step P ₂₁ The calculation i.e. formula of the straight line AC is calculated through the first point A and the third point C, and the step P ₂₂ Y _A = Y i.e. the first point A
And Y on the straight line AC passing through the third point C when X = X ₂ is calculated.

In step P ₂₃ X = X _0, in step P ₂₄ That is, the line segment AC is calculated, Y _B = Y in step P ₂₅
That Y when the X = X ₀ on the line segment AC is calculated.

Then whether Y ₀ -Y _B = ₀ That is line segment AC in step P ₂₆ passes through the center O of the circle is determined. Immediately displays the angle theta in Step P _27c as theta = [pi in step P _27a when yes i.e. semicircular proceeds to step P _28. No If in step _{P 27 SGN ((Y 2 -Y} A) (Y 0 -Y B))> 0 is determined by performing the calculation of θ = 2π-θ in step P _27b if yes i.e. semicircular larger _Go to step _P27c
Is displayed. If no, keep the angle θ as it is in step P _27c
To display.

L ₁ = R a · theta calculation i.e. the arc AC length L ₁ in the step P ₂₈ is calculated and displayed.

Next, in step P ₂₉ Calculation i.e. first point A, point a 2 B, the area S ₁ of the sector surrounded by the third point C and the center O is calculated and displayed.

Next, in step P ₃₀ Calculation i.e. first point A, the third point C, and the area S ₂ of the triangle surrounded by the center O is calculated and displayed.

Then calculates the S ₃ = S ₁ -S ₂ calculation i.e. the area S ₃ surrounded by chord and an arc in a step P _31, which is displayed.

Next, in step P ₃₂ Calculation That triangle ABC of area S ₄ is calculated.

Then S ₅ = SGN (S ₄₎ is calculated in step P _33, to determine the sign of S _4.

Then calculates the S ₆ = S ₅ · S ₃ in step P _34, calculates the S ₆ that the same reference numerals as S ₄ to S _3. Then in step P ₃₅ Is calculated, and the integrated area S in the case of a circular arc is calculated from the currently obtained area. Then L = L + L ₁ is calculated in step P _36, the total length L is calculated. Next, in step _P37 ,
Point C is determined whether the same whether i.e. figure the starting point was round, Step P ₅ again changed every the third point C to the point A proceeds to step P ₃₈ when not cycled
Return to

If you round proceeds to step Q _1, is calculated the absolute value of the area S is the calculation result i.e. to display the total area S and the total length L in step Q _2, the flow returns to Step P _1.

If line segment AC as described above is not inclined with respect to the Y-axis, the process proceeds to step P _40, Is calculated, and the value of X when Y = Y _{2 on} the straight line AC is calculated. Next, in step P ₄₁ Is calculated, and X when Y = Y ₀ in the straight line AC is calculated. Then X ₀ -X _B = ₀ is determined in step P _42, if yes i.e. linear AC passes through the center O proceeds to step P _27a. No or straight
AC proceeds to step P ₄₃ If not pass through the center _{O, SGN ((X 2 -X} A) (X 0 -X B))> 0 is determined, X ₂ -X
_{When A} and X ₀ −X _B have the same sign, θ becomes larger than π, and the process proceeds to Step _P27b . Proceeds to X ₂ -X _A and X ₀ -X _B is the step P ₂₈ to display the angle θ in step P _27c so in the case of different signs θ is smaller than [pi.

Data X ₂ of the first that coordinates the flow proceeds to step P ₅₀ presses the switch 14, even the second point B, Y ₂ is input as described above.

In step P ₅₁ Is calculated, and the length L of the straight line between the two points AB is calculated.

Next, at P ₅₂ Is calculated, and the integrated area S when the arc is not a circular arc is calculated,
The length L and the integrated area S are displayed. Then the same or whether the second point B and the starting point in step P _53, i.e., it is determined whether the round or figure, the second point B proceeds to step P ₅₄ when not in round the first point A Change step P ₅ again
Return to If you round proceeds to step Q ₁ is the absolute value of the integrated area S is calculated and the total area S and the total length of the figure when the connecting points described above calculations i.e. measured in all linear in Step Q ₂ to display the L, the flow returns to step P _1.

In summary, points A ₁ , B ₁ , C ₁ , A
_2, move the planimetry as indicated by ...... C _4, A _1, point A _1,
A ₂ ……, C ₁ , C ₂ …… depresses the switch 14, and the intermediate points B ₁ , B ₂ ,
When the switch 18 is pressed by B ₃ or B ₄ , the total area S and length L of the figure when the adjacent points are connected by an arc are measured. When the switch 14 is pressed even at the intermediate points B ₁ , B _2, ..., The total area S and length L of the figure when all the points are connected by a straight line are measured as in the related art.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the switch for setting the arc signal is provided, and the arc signal is used to measure a figure converted from three adjacent measurement points on the closed curve into an arc passing through the three points. Therefore, an object close to an actual curved figure can be measured and can be accurately measured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) is a plan view of one embodiment of the present invention, (b) is a side view thereof, (c) is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, FIG. 2 is a block diagram thereof, and FIG. Figure 7 is a flow chart,
FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating the measured figure, and FIG. 1 ... body, 10 ... computer, 18 ... switch, s ₇
…… Arc signal, a ₁ , b ₁ , b ₂ , c ₁ , c ₂ …… Measurement signal, P _{5 to} P
₃₇ ...... Means for calculation.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tracing unit which is movable along a plane and can be placed at an arbitrary point on a closed curve on the plane, a tracing unit by a measurement instruction signal by operating a coordinate holding switch and an arc signal setting switch. Means for reading the two-dimensional position coordinates of the point where the mark is placed, and means for storing coordinate values read for a plurality of measurement points over the entire circumference of the figure, wherein the measurement instruction signal is sent at an arbitrary point on the closed curve. In the curved part on the closed curve, an arc signal is generated and measurement is performed.A computer is provided in the body of the planimeter, and the signals of the coordinate holding switch and the switch for setting the arc signal are measured together with the measurement signal. The computer inputs the arc signal of the arc signal setting switch to the computer. In the curved portion, the coordinate value of the measurement point arbitrarily selected on the curved portion is read by the arc signal, converted into an arc passing through the three points together with the coordinate values before and after the measurement point, and the coordinate holding switch is used. A figure measuring device comprising means for calculating the area or length surrounding the closed curve by converting the point between the other points to which the signal is input into a straight line.