JP2025140186A - Eaves and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide eaves capable of enhancing the designability of the eaves or a building.SOLUTION: Eaves (20) protruding from an outer surface (2 or 3) above an opening (12 or 14) formed on an outer surface of a skeleton of a building (1) include: a frame (30) fixed to the outer surface (2 or 3) and protruding from the outer surface (2 or 3); an upper-stage soffit board (65) mounted below the frame (30) on the outside of the opening (12 or 14) and near a tip of the frame (30); and a lower-stage soffit board (78 or 88) located on the side of the opening (12 or 14) from the upper-stage soffit board (65), adjacent to the upper-stage soffit board (65), mounted below the frame (30), arranged at a position lower than that of the upper-stage soffit board (65), and partially entering the opening (12 or 14).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a canopy and its manufacturing method.

Patent Document 1 discloses a building eaves that is attached above a building's entrance or window for the purpose of blocking rainwater and sunlight. This eaves is an assembly consisting of three components: a mounting member, a tip member, and a cover member. The mounting member is L-shaped. The base end of the mounting member is attached to the building's frame, and the mounting member extends from there to the outdoors. The base end of the tip member is joined to the tip of the mounting member, and the tip member extends from there toward the end of the mounting member. The cover member covers the mounting member from above. The thickness of the eaves at the tip end of the eaves is determined by the thickness of the tip member, and the thickness of the eaves at the base end of the eaves is determined by the thickness from the bottom surface of the mounting member to the top surface of the cover member. The thickness of the eaves at the base end of the eaves is thinner than the thickness of the eaves at the tip end of the eaves. Because the tip member is plate-shaped, the tip member is thin, and the eaves lack a sense of solidity in appearance. If the tip material is made thicker to improve the appearance of the eaves' solidity, the thickness of the eaves at the tip will also increase, making the eaves look unsophisticated and noticeable.

JP 2010-150805 A

The object of the present invention is to provide a canopy that enhances the design of the canopy or building.

The reference numbers in parentheses below refer to Figures 1 to 27.

In order to solve the above problems, according to claim 1,
A canopy (20) extending from an outer surface (2 or 3) of a building (1) above an opening (12 or 14) formed on the outer surface of the building's frame,
a frame (30) fixed to the outer surface (2 or 3) and extending from the outer surface (2 or 3);
An upper eaves top board (65) attached to the underside of the frame (30) outside the opening (12 or 14) and near the tip of the frame (30);
a lower eaves top board (78 or 88) adjacent to the upper eaves top board (65) in the direction from the upper eaves top board (65) to the opening (12 or 14), attached under the frame (30), positioned lower than the position of the upper eaves top board (65), and partially inserted into the opening (12 or 14);
A canopy (20) is provided, characterized in that it comprises:

According to claim 1 as described above, the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is adjacent to the upper eaves top board (65) from the upper eaves top board (65) toward the opening (12 or 14), and the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is positioned lower than the position of the upper eaves top board (65), so the thickness of the part of the eaves (20) corresponding to the upper eaves top board (65) can be made thinner than the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board (78 or 88). Since the part corresponding to the upper eaves top board (65) is mainly visible from outside, making the thickness of the part corresponding to the upper eaves top board (65) thinner than the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) reduces the unsophistication of the eaves (20) and contributes to improving the design of the eaves (20).
Since the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is partially inserted into the opening (12 or 14), the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) appears to be part of the building (1)'s frame, and the thickness of the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is not easily noticeable. This eliminates the unsophisticated look of the eaves (20) and enhances the design of the eaves (20). The fact that the eaves (20) appear to be integrated with the frame of the building (1) enhances the design of the building (1).

According to claim 2,
The canopy (20) according to claim 1,
A sheathing board (45) attached to the top of the frame (30) and inclined downward toward the tip of the frame (30)
A canopy (20) is provided, characterized in that it comprises:

According to claim 2, the sheathing board (45) is attached to the frame (30), which contributes to improving the appearance of the eaves (20).

According to claim 3,
The canopy (20) according to claim 1,
A hanger (70 or 80) is provided hanging from the frame (30),
A eaves (20) is provided, characterized in that the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is attached to the lower end of the hanging member (70 or 80).

According to claim 3, the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is attached to the lower end of the hanging member (70 or 80) hanging from the frame (30), so that the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is positioned lower than the upper eaves top board (65). Therefore, the thickness of the part corresponding to the upper eaves top board (65) can be made thinner than the thickness of the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board (78 or 88).

According to claim 4,
The canopy (20) according to claim 3,
A ceiling hanging member (75) is provided which hangs down from the underside of the slab (15) of the body inside the body,
A eaves (20) is provided in which the lower eaves top board (78) is attached to the lower end of the ceiling hanging member (75).

According to claim 4, the lower eaves top board (78) is attached to the lower end of the hanging member (75) hanging down from the underside of the slab (15) of the main body on the inside of the main body, so that the lower eaves top board (78) is positioned lower than the upper eaves top board (65). Therefore, the thickness of the part corresponding to the upper eaves top board (65) can be made thinner than the thickness of the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board (78 or 88).

According to claim 5,
The canopy (20) according to claim 4,
A canopy (20) is provided in which the lower eaves top board (78) is joined to the edge of the slab (15) and extends from the outside of the body to the inside of the body along the underside of the beam (10) of the body provided above the opening (12).

According to claim 5, the lower eaves top board (78) conceals the beams (10) of the building structure from below. This prevents the beams (10) from protruding downwards, improving the design of the building (1).

According to claim 6,
The canopy (20) according to claim 5,
The lower eaves top board (78) is erected from the opening (12) at a position recessed inside the main body and extends to the upper end of a partition section (6) with an opening/closing body that separates the indoor and outdoor spaces, thereby providing a eaves (20).

According to claim 6, the lower eaves top plate (78) extends to the top edge of the partition (6), creating the appearance of a unified eaves (20) and partition (6). This contributes to the design of the building (1).

According to claim 7,
The canopy (20) according to claim 3,
The frame (30) extends from the outer surface (2) forming the edge of the slab (15) of the structure that constitutes the floor of the inner balcony (9) above the opening (12);
The lower eaves top board (88) is erected inside the opening (12) and extends to the upper end of a partition section (8) with an opening/closing body that separates the indoor and outdoor spaces.

According to claim 7, the frame (30) projects from the outer surface (3) that forms the edge of the slab (15), so the upper surface of the eaves (20) makes the floor of the inner balcony (9) appear to extend outward, which contributes to an improved sense of openness in the inner balcony (9).
Since the lower eaves top plate (88) extends to the top end of the partition (8), the eaves (20) and the partition (8) appear to be one piece, which contributes to the design of the building (1).

According to claim 8,
The canopy (20) according to any one of claims 3 to 7,
The frame (30) has a horizontal flange (33c),
The hanging member (70 or 80) has a hook (71 or 81) at its upper end,
A canopy (20) is provided, characterized in that the hook (71 or 81) is hooked onto the flange (33c) and the upper end of the hanging material (70 or 80) is fixed to the flange (33c) by a bolt and nut fastener (72).

According to claim 9,
A method for manufacturing a canopy (20) according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
The frame (30) is installed on the outer surface (2 or 3),
Before attaching the hanging member (70 or 80) to the frame (30), a hanging board (90 or 95) is attached to the front surface of the hanging member (70 or 80);
After the hanging plate (90 or 95) is attached to the hanging member (70 or 80), the hanging member (70 or 80) is temporarily fastened to the flange (33c) by hooking the hook (71 or 81) onto the flange (33c);
The upper end of the hanging member (70 or 80) is fixed to the flange (33c) by the bolt and nut fastener (72),
A method for manufacturing a eaves (20) is provided, characterized in that the lower eaves top board (78 or 88) is attached to the lower end of the hanging material (70 or 80) before or after the hanging material (70 or 80) is attached to the frame (30).

According to claim 8 or 9, when attaching the hanging board (90 or 95) to the hanging member (70 or 80), the hanging member (70 or 80) is not yet attached to the flange (33c) of the frame (30), making the work of attaching the hanging board (90 or 95) easy. The hanging member (70 or 80) is temporarily fastened to the flange (33c) by hooking the hook (71 or 81) onto the flange (33c), and the upper end of the hanging member (70 or 80) can be easily secured using the bolt and nut fastener (72).

According to claim 10,
A method for manufacturing a canopy (20) according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
A method for manufacturing a eaves (20) is provided, characterized in that after the hanging material (70 or 80) is attached to the frame (30), the upper eaves top board (65) is attached under the frame (30).

According to claim 10, the upper eaves top plate (65) does not interfere with the process of securing the upper end of the hanging member (70 or 80) with the bolt and nut fastener (72).

This invention contributes to improving the design of eaves or buildings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the southeast corner of the first and second floors of the building and its surroundings. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the layout of the sheathing boards. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the layout of the eaves boards. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VV shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the metal frame. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the upper underlayment. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the siding support and the siding. FIG. 10 is a side view of the upper end of the hanger. FIG. 11 is a side view of the upper end of a hanging member in a modified example. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of one step in the manufacture of the canopy. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 18 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV during the step in FIG. FIG. 19 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VV during the step in FIG. FIG. 20 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI during the step in FIG. FIG. 21 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV during a step subsequent to the steps in FIGS. FIG. 22 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV during a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 23 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VV during a step subsequent to the steps in FIGS. FIG. 24 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VV during a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 25 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV during a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 26 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VV during a step subsequent to the step in FIG. FIG. 27 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VI--VI during a step subsequent to the step in FIG.

Embodiments will now be described with reference to the drawings. The features and technical effects of the embodiments will be understood from the detailed description and drawings below. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below. The drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples in the drawings.

<1. Overview of the building and eaves>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the southeast corners of the first and second floors of building 1 and their surrounding areas. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the top surface of eaves 20 installed on building 1. FIG. 2 mainly shows the layout of the sheathing boards 45 of eaves 20. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the underside of eaves 20. The area shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is the southeast corner of building 1 and its surrounding areas. FIG. 3 mainly shows the layout of eaves top boards 65, 78, and 88 of eaves 20. In FIG. 3, the eaves top boards 78, 88 are patterned to distinguish them from the eaves top board 65, while the eaves top board 65 is plain. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 2. Hereinafter, the underside of eaves 20 will be referred to as the eaves top surface.

Building 1 is multi-story. The skeleton of at least the first floor of Building 1 is made of reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete, either in a wall structure or rigid frame structure. The skeleton of all floors of Building 1 may be made of reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete. The skeleton of the lower floors of Building 1 may be made of reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete, and the skeleton of the upper floors may be made of wood.

As shown in Figure 1, the first entrance 5 is located on the east side of the first-floor structure. The partition 6 separating the indoor and outdoor areas at the first entrance 5 is recessed from the exterior surface 2 on the east side of the structure. The partition 6 is a curtain wall with an opening/closing mechanism such as a door or glass shoji screen, a fixture, or a French window sash. The second entrance 7 is located on the south side of the first floor structure, and the partition 8 separating the indoor and outdoor areas at the second entrance 7 is recessed from the exterior surface 3 on the south side of the structure. The partition 8 is a curtain wall with an opening/closing mechanism such as a door or glass shoji screen, a fixture, or a French window sash. An inner balcony 9 is located on the south side of the second floor structure and above the second entrance 7. The orientations of the exterior surfaces 2 and 3 are not limited to east and south, respectively, and may be other directions. The directions described below will also be changed to match the orientations of the exterior surfaces 2 and 3.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the skeleton of building 1 has a reinforced concrete exterior wall 11 erected along the east face of the first floor. The exterior wall 11 has an opening 12 at a position corresponding to the first entrance 5. The skeleton of building 1 has a reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete beam 10 extending north-south along the east face between the first and second floors. The beam 10 is provided on top of the exterior wall 11, and the upper end of the exterior wall 11 is joined to the beam 10. The exterior wall 11 and the beam 10 form the east face of the skeleton of building 1. The partition section 6 is erected at a position slightly shifted inward from the beam 10 on the skeleton. The skeleton of building 1 has a reinforced concrete exterior wall 13 erected along the south face of the first floor. The eastern end of the exterior wall 13 is joined to the southern end of the exterior wall 11. The exterior wall 13 has an opening 14 at a position corresponding to the second entrance 7. The skeleton of the building 1 has a horizontally extending reinforced concrete slab 15 between the first and second floors. The east end of the slab 15 is joined to the beam 10. The southeast and southeast corners of the slab 15 are joined to the upper ends of the exterior walls 11 and 13, and an opening 14 in the exterior wall 13 is located below the south end of the slab 15. The skeleton of the building 1 has a reinforced concrete rising portion 16 rising from the south end of the slab 15. The south end of the slab 15, the rising portion 16, and the exterior wall 13 form the south face of the skeleton of the building 1. The southern ends of the slab 15 and the rising portion 16 are positioned north of the south face of the exterior wall 13, and the opening 14 extends upward from the south edge of the underside of the slab 15. The southern part of the slab 15 forms the floor of the inner balcony 9. The partition section 8 is erected at a position slightly offset outdoors from the southern ends of the slab 15 and rising section 16, and slightly offset indoors from the south face of the exterior wall 13.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the eaves 20 are installed on the outer surfaces 2, 3 of the east and south sides of the building structure, extending from above the first entrance 5, past the southeast corner of the structure, and over the second entrance 7. Therefore, the eaves 20 are L-shaped when viewed from above. The eaves 20 extend eastward from the outer surface 2 of the east side, extend southward from the outer surface 3 of the south side, and extend southeastward from the southeast corner.

As shown in Figure 4, the eaves surface of the portion 21 of the eaves 20 above the first entrance 5 has a step, with the portion near the tip of the eaves 20 being the upper step surface 22 and the remaining portion being the lower step surface 23. The upper step surface 22 is positioned higher than the underside of the beam 10, and the lower step surface 23 is positioned lower than the underside of the beam 10. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the lower step surface 23 extends along the underside of the beam 10 from the outside of the structure through the opening 12 on the east side to the inside of the structure. The height of the lower step surface 23 is set to the height of the ceiling 5a of the first entrance 5. The tip of the eaves 20 is also called the nose.

As shown in Figure 5, the eaves surface of the portion 24 of the eaves 20 above the second entrance 7 has a step, with the portion near the tip of the eaves 20 being the upper step surface 25 and the remaining portion being the lower step surface 26. The upper step surface 25 is positioned higher than the underside of the beam 10, and the lower step surface 26 is positioned lower than the underside of the beam 10. As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the lower step surface 26 extends from the outside of the frame to the inside of the opening 14. The height of the lower step surface 26 is set to the height of the ceiling 7a of the second entrance 7.

As shown in Figure 6, there are no steps on the eaves surface of the eaves 20 in the portion 27 other than the portion 21 above the first entrance 5 and the portion 24 above the second entrance 7.

<2. Eaves structure>
As shown in Figures 2 to 6, the eaves 20 comprises a metal frame 30, an upper base material 40, a sheathing board 45, an upper surface finishing material 46, a nose base material 50, a fascia board 55, nose finishing materials 56, 57, upper soffits 60A, 60B, 60C, upper eaves top board 65, a first hanging material 70, a ceiling-hanging anchor 75, a first lower soffit support 76, a first lower soffit 77, a first lower eaves top board 78, a first hanging board 90, a first finishing material 91, a second hanging material 80, a second lower soffit support 86, a second lower soffit 87, a second lower eaves top board 88, a second hanging board 95, and a second finishing material 96.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the metal frame 30. As shown in Figure 7, the metal frame 30 is a lattice-framed framework. The metal frame 30 is made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The metal frame 30 is fixed to the exterior surfaces 2 and 3 of the building frame, extending from above the first entrance 5, past the southeast corner of the building 1, and above the second entrance 7, and also extends horizontally from the exterior surfaces 2 and 3.

As shown in Figures 4 to 7, the metal frame 30 has multiple cantilevers 31, multiple nose bridge members 32, multiple crosspiece members 33, and multiple auxiliary crosspiece members 34.

The cantilevers 31 are made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The cross section of the cantilevers 31 is H-shaped. The cantilevers 31 are fixed to the outer surface 2 or 3 of the structure by anchors. Specifically, the cantilevers 31 are fixed to the beams 10, the outer walls 11 and 13, or the slabs 15. These cantilevers 31 are arranged at the same height and are spaced apart in the horizontal direction. The cantilevers 31 extend horizontally from the outer surface 2 or 3 of the structure. The anchors may be either embedded anchors or post-installed anchors.

The nose bridge member 32 is made of a metal such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. It is installed horizontally between the tips of the cantilevers 31, and both ends of the nose bridge member 32 are fixed to the tips of the cantilevers 31 with bolt and nut fasteners.

The crosspiece 33 is made of a metal such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. It is horizontally installed between the cantilevers 31 at a position between the tip and base ends of the cantilevers 31, with both ends of the crosspiece 33 fixed to the cantilevers 31 with bolt and nut fasteners. The crosspiece 33 is groove-shaped. Specifically, the crosspiece 33 has a web 33a, an upper flange 33b, and a lower flange 33c. The web 33a is parallel to the outer surface 2 or 3, the upper flange 33b extends from the upper end of the web 33a toward the outer surface 2 or 3, and the lower flange 33c extends from the lower end of the web 33a toward the outer surface 2 or 3. Two parallel crosspieces 33 are installed between the cantilevers 31 at the end of the inner balcony 9, while a single crosspiece 33 is installed between the cantilevers 31 in other areas.

The auxiliary crosspiece 34 is made of a metal such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The auxiliary crosspiece 34 is installed horizontally between the outer surface 2 or 3 of the frame and the crosspiece 33, with one end of the auxiliary crosspiece 34 fixed to the outer surface 2 or 3 of the frame by an anchor and bracket, and the other end of the auxiliary crosspiece 34 fixed to the crosspiece 33 by a bolt and nut fastener. The anchor may be either an embedded anchor or a post-installed anchor.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the upper base material 40. As shown in Figure 8, the upper base material 40 is a frame material assembled in a lattice pattern. The upper base material 40 is made of wood. The upper base material 40 is attached to the metal frame 30, extending from above the first entrance 5, past the southeast corner of the building 1, and over the second entrance 7. The upper base material 40 slopes downward toward the eaves nose.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6 and 8, the upper base material 40 includes purlins 41 and rafters 42 made of wooden square bars. The purlins 41 are attached to the metal frame 30 parallel to the exterior surface 2 or 3. In particular, the purlins 41 are fixed to the cantilevers 31 of the metal frame 30 by brackets. Three purlins 41 are arranged parallel to each other at the end of the inner balcony 9, while two purlins 41 are arranged parallel to each other in other sections. The height from the top of the cantilevers 31 to the top of the purlins 41 decreases toward the eaves nose. The rafters 42 are joined to the purlins 41 so that they are perpendicular to the purlins 41. Either the rafters 42 or the purlins 41 may be attached to the metal frame 30. The rafters 42 slope downward toward the eaves nose.

As shown in Figures 2 and 4 to 6, the sheathing boards 45 are made of wooden plywood. The sheathing boards 45 are attached to the top surface of the upper base material 40 and slope downward toward the eaves nose. The sheathing boards 45 seal off the area enclosed by the purlins 41 and rafters 42 of the upper base material 40.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the top surface finishing material 46 is attached to the sheathing board 45. A waterproof sheet may also be sandwiched between the sheathing board 45 and the top surface finishing material 46.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the nose base material 50 is made of a wooden square bar. Multiple nose base materials 50 are attached in a vertical position to the eaves-side end of the metal frame 30 (i.e., the nose connecting material 32) using brackets, screws, etc. These nose base materials 50 are arranged horizontally at intervals.

The fascia board 55 is made of wooden plywood. The fascia board 55 is attached to the front of the fascia base material 50 in an upright position relative to a horizontal plane. The fascia board 55 spans between these fascia base materials 50, concealing the area between them.

The upper end of the fascia board 55 is spaced from the eaves-nose end of the sheathing board 45. The fascia finishing material 56 covers the gap between the upper end of the fascia board 55 and the eaves-nose end of the sheathing board 45. The fascia finishing material 56 and the top surface finishing material 46 overlap at the eaves-nose end face of the upper base material 40, and this overlapping portion is fixed to the eaves-nose end face of the upper base material 40 with screws or the like. The fascia finishing material 56 is also attached to the surface of the fascia board 55.

Figure 9 is a plan view of the upper tiered siding 60A, 60B, and 60C. As shown in Figures 4 to 9, the upper tiered siding 60A, 60B, and 60C are made of light gauge steel (LGS) or wooden square bars. The upper tiered siding 60A is fixed to the lower end of the nose base material 50 with screws or the like. The upper tiered siding 60A is installed horizontally between the lower ends of the nose base materials 50 and parallel to the outer surface 2 or 3 of the main body. The upper tiered siding 60B is fixed below the cantilever 31 with screws and brackets or the like. The upper tiered siding 60B is installed horizontally between the middle of the cantilevers 31 and parallel to the outer surface 2 or 3 of the main body. The upper tiered siding 60C is fixed below the cantilever 31 with screws and brackets or the like. The upper tier soffit 60C is installed horizontally between the cantilevers 31 and is parallel to the outer surface 2 or outer surface 3 of the building structure. There are no upper tier soffits 60C above the first entrance 5 or beyond the inner balcony 9. The upper tier soffits 60A, 60B, and 60C are arranged at intervals from the nose toward the outer surface 2 or outer surface 3. These upper tier soffits 60A, 60B, and 60C are arranged at the same height.

As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the upper eaves top board 65 is made of gypsum board or wooden plywood. The upper eaves top board 65 is attached to the underside of the upper joists 60A, 60B, and 60C and is installed horizontally. The upper surfaces 22 and 25 of the portion 21 above the first entrance 5 and the portion 24 above the second entrance 7 are formed by the underside of the upper eaves top board 65. The eaves top surface of the portion 27 other than the portion 21 above the first entrance 5 and the portion 24 above the second entrance 7 is formed by the underside of the upper eaves top board 65.

The eaves nose side edge of the upper eaves top board 65 is spaced apart from the lower edge of the fascia board 55. The fascia finishing material 57 covers the gap between the lower edge of the fascia board 55 and the eaves nose side edge of the upper eaves top board 65. The fascia finishing material 57 overlaps the fascia finishing material 56 on the surface of the fascia board 55 and is attached to the surface of the fascia board 55.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first hanging member 70 is made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The first hanging member 70 hangs down from the metal frame 30 in the upper portion 21 of the first entrance 5. The upper end of the first hanging member 70 is fixed to the crosspiece 33 of the metal frame 30. This fixation will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 10. The first hanging member 70 has a hook 71 at its upper end. The hook 71 is hooked onto the lower flange 33c of the crosspiece 33, temporarily fixing the first hanging member 70 to the crosspiece 33. Furthermore, the upper end of the first hanging member 70 abuts against the underside of the lower flange 33c, and a bolt and nut fastener 72 tightens the upper end of the first hanging member 70 to the underside of the lower flange 33c, fixing the upper end of the first hanging member 70 to the lower flange 33c by the bolt and nut fastener 72. Note that, as shown in FIG. 11, the hook 71 does not necessarily have to be provided at the upper end of the first hanging member 70.

As shown in Figure 4, the first drapery 90 is made of wooden plywood. The first drapery 90 is attached to the front of the first hanging member 70 in an upright position relative to a horizontal plane. The first drapery 90 spans between these first hanging members 70, concealing the area between them. The upper end of the first drapery 90 abuts against the rear end of the upper eaves top board 65. The gap between the upper end of the first drapery 90 and the rear end of the upper eaves top board 65 may be waterproofed with a waterproofing material. Side panels may also be attached to the sides of the first hanging members 70 on both sides.

As shown in Figure 4, the upper end of the ceiling-hanging anchor 75 is fixed to the slab 15 in the upper portion 21 of the first entrance 5, and the ceiling-hanging anchor 75 hangs down from the underside of the slab 15. The first lower tier soffit support 76 is made of a light-gauge steel frame or a wooden square bar. As shown in Figures 4 and 9, the first lower tier soffit support 76 is installed horizontally along the underside of the beam 10 between the lower end of the first hanging member 70 and the lower end of the ceiling-hanging anchor 75. The first lower tier soffit support 76 extends along the underside of the beam 10 from the outside of the beam 10 through the opening 12 on the east face to the inside of the beam 10. The first lower tier soffit 77 is made of a light-gauge steel frame or a wooden square bar. The first lower tier soffit 77 is installed horizontally between the undersides of the first lower tier soffit support 76 along the underside of the beam 10 and is arranged parallel to the outer surface 2 of the building frame. The first lower tier soffits 77 are arranged at intervals from the outside of the beam 10 through the opening 12 on the east side to the inside of the beam 10. These first lower tier soffits 77 are arranged at the same height. Note that instead of the first lower tier soffits 77 being joined to the underside of the first lower tier soffit support 76, either the first lower tier soffit 77 or the first lower tier soffit support 76 may be joined together, with the first lower tier soffit 77 and the first lower tier soffit support 76 being arranged at the same height.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the first lower eaves top board 78 is made of gypsum board or wooden plywood. The first lower eaves top board 78 is attached to the underside of the first lower joist 77. The first lower eaves top board 78 is adjacent to the upper eaves top board 65 on the side of the opening 12 on the east side from the upper eaves top board 65.

The first lower eaves top board 78 extends horizontally from the outside of the body through the opening 12 on the east side to the inside of the body. The edge of the first lower eaves top board 78 may be attached to the upper end of the partition section 6 of the first entrance 5. The lower surface 23 of the upper part 21 of the first entrance 5 is formed by the underside of the first lower eaves top board 78.

The edge of the first lower eaves top board 78 on the eaves nose side is spaced apart from the bottom edge of the first drapery board 90. The first finishing material 91 covers and conceals the gap between the edge of the first lower eaves top board 78 on the eaves nose side and the bottom edge of the first drapery board 90. The first finishing material 91 is also attached to the front surface of the first drapery board 90.

The second hanging member 80 hangs down from the metal frame 30 at the upper portion 24 of the second entrance 7. The upper end of the second hanging member 80 is fixed to the crosspiece 33 of the metal frame 30 in the same way that the first hanging member 70 is fixed to the crosspiece 33 of the metal frame 30.

As shown in FIG. 5, the second drapery 95 is made of wooden plywood. The second drapery 95 is attached to the front of the second hanging members 80 in an upright position relative to a horizontal plane. The second drapery 95 spans between these second hanging members 80, concealing the area between them. The upper end of the second drapery 95 abuts against the rear end of the upper eaves top board 65. The gap between the upper end of the second drapery 95 and the rear end of the upper eaves top board 65 may be waterproofed with a waterproofing material.

As shown in Figures 5 and 9, the second lower tier soffit supports 86 are made of light-gauge steel frame substructure or wooden square bars. The second lower tier soffit supports 86 are installed horizontally between the lower ends of the second hanging members 80. The second lower tier soffit supports 86 extend perpendicular to the outer surface 3 from the outside of the opening 14 on the south side to the inside of the opening 14. The second lower tier soffits 87 are made of light-gauge steel frame substructure or wooden square bars. The second lower tier soffits 87 are installed horizontally between the undersides of the second lower tier soffit supports 86 and are arranged parallel to the outer surface 3 of the main body. The second lower tier soffits 87 are arranged at intervals from the outside of the opening 14 on the south side to the inside of the opening 14. These second lower tier soffits 87 are arranged at the same height. Furthermore, rather than the second lower siding 87 being joined to the underside of the second lower siding support 86, either the second lower siding 87 or the second lower siding support 86 may be joined together, with the second lower siding 87 and the second lower siding support 86 positioned at the same height.

As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the second lower eaves top board 88 is made of gypsum board or wooden plywood. The second lower eaves top board 88 is attached to the underside of the second lower joist 87. The second lower eaves top board 88 is adjacent to the upper eaves top board 65 from the upper eaves top board 65 towards the opening 14 on the south side. The second lower eaves top board 88 extends horizontally from the outside of the main body to the inside of the opening 14 on the south side. The edge of the second lower eaves top board 88 may be attached to the upper end of the partition section 8 of the second entrance 7. The lower surface 26 of the upper part 24 of the second entrance 7 is formed by the underside of the second lower eaves top board 88.

The end of the second lower eaves top board 88 on the eaves nose side is spaced apart from the lower end of the second drapery board 95. The second finishing material 96 covers the gap between the end of the second lower eaves top board 88 on the eaves nose side and the lower end of the second drapery board 95. The second finishing material 96 is also attached to the front of the second drapery board 95. Side panels may also be attached to the sides of the second hanging members 80 on both sides.

<3. How to make eaves>
The method for manufacturing the canopy 20 will now be described. The order of the steps (1) to (17) listed below may be changed. Some of the steps (1) to (17) listed below may be performed in parallel.

(1) Assembly of the Metal Frame As shown in Fig. 12, a plurality of cantilevers 31 are erected against the outer surfaces 2 and 3 of the frame, and these cantilevers 31 are fixed to the outer surfaces 2 and 3 of the frame. At this time, the cantilevers 31 are adjusted to a horizontal position.
Next, as shown in FIG. 13, both ends of the nose bridge member 32 are connected to the tips of adjacent cantilevers 31, and the nose bridge member 32 is installed between the tips of the cantilevers 31.
14, both ends of the crosspiece 33 are connected to adjacent cantilevers 31, and the crosspiece 33 is installed between the middle of the cantilevers 31. In addition, an auxiliary crosspiece 34 is installed horizontally between the crosspiece 33 and the outer surfaces 2 and 3 of the frame.

(2) Assembling the Upper Base Member Next, as shown in Figure 15, the purlins 41 of the upper base member 40 are placed on the metal frame 30, parallel and horizontal to the outer surfaces 2 and 3, and the purlins 41 are fixed to the cantilevers 31 of the metal frame 30 with brackets. Furthermore, the rafters 42 of the upper base member 40 are tilted downward toward the eaves nose, and the rafters 42 are connected to the purlins 41. In this way, the lattice-shaped upper base member 40 is assembled. Note that after partially assembling the upper base member 40 on the ground, the assembly can be lifted and attached to the metal frame 30, and then these assemblies can be connected.

(3) Laying the Sheathing Board Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the sheathing board 45 is attached and fixed to the upper surface of the upper base material 40.

(4) Attaching the nose underlayment and upper siding Next, as shown in Figures 17 to 20, place multiple nose underlayment materials 50 in a vertical position and attach them to the nose connecting material 32 of the metal frame 30, arranging these nose underlayment materials 50 horizontally with intervals between them.

Next, the upper siding 60A is horizontally bridged between the lower ends of the nose base material 50 and fixed to the lower ends of the nose base material 50.
Next, the upper sills 60B and 60C are bridged between the cantilevers 31 and fixed below the cantilevers 31.
The upper siding 60A, 60B, and 60C may be attached at any time before the upper eaves top board 65 is attached.

(5) Installing the fascia board Next, place the fascia board 55 in an upright position relative to a horizontal plane, span the fascia board 55 between the front surfaces of the nose base materials 50, and attach and secure the fascia board 55 to the front surfaces of these nose base materials 50 using screws or the like.

(6) Attaching the First Hanging Board Next, as shown in Fig. 21, the first hanging board 90 is placed across the front surfaces of the first hanging members 70 on the ground and attached and fixed to the front surfaces of the first hanging members 70 with screws or the like. Also, the side panels are attached and fixed to the side surfaces of the first hanging members 70 with screws or the like.

(7) Attaching the first hanging member Next, the first hanging member 70, first hanging board 90, and side board assembled in (6) above are lifted up within or near the east-facing opening 12, and the hook 71 provided at the upper end of the first hanging member 70 is hooked onto the lower flange 33c of the crosspiece 33. This temporarily fastens the first hanging member 70 to the crosspiece 33. If the hook 71 is not provided at the upper end of the first hanging member 70, it is not necessary to hook the hook 71 onto the lower flange 33c of the crosspiece 33.
Next, the upper end of the first hanging member 70 is abutted against the lower surface of the lower flange 33c, and the upper end of the first hanging member 70 is fastened to the lower surface of the lower flange 33c by the bolt and nut fastener 72.
In addition, after fixing the upper end of the first hanging member 70 to the lower flange 33c as in this process, the first hanging plate 90 and side plate may be fixed to the first hanging member 70 as in the process (6) above.

(8) Installation of the first soffit support and first soffit Next, as shown in Figure 22, the upper end of the ceiling-hanging anchor 75 is fixed to the underside of the slab 15 near the opening 12 on the east side, and the ceiling-hanging anchor 75 is hung down from the slab 15.
Next, the first lower sill support 76 is placed along the underside of the beam 10 between the lower end of the first hanging member 70 and the lower end of the ceiling-hanging anchor 75, and the first lower sill support 76 is fixed to the lower end of the first hanging member 70 and the lower end of the ceiling-hanging anchor 75.
Next, the first lower siding 77 is positioned parallel to the outer surface 2 of the main body, and the first lower siding 77 is bridged along the underside of the beam 10 between the undersides of the first lower siding support 76, and the first lower siding 77 is fixed to the underside of the first lower siding support 76.

(9) Attaching the first lower eaves top board Next, attach the first lower eaves top board 78 to the underside of the first lower joist 77.

(10) Installation of the first finishing material The first finishing material 91 is used to cover the gap between the eaves nose end of the first lower eaves top board 78 and the lower end of the first drop board 90, and the first finishing material 91 is attached and fixed to the front surface of the first drop board 90.

(11) Attaching the Second Hanging Board Next, as shown in Fig. 23, the second hanging board 95 is placed across the front surfaces of the second hanging members 80 on the ground and attached and fixed to the front surfaces of the second hanging members 80 with screws or the like. Also, the side boards are placed across the side surfaces of the second hanging members 80 and attached and fixed to the side surfaces of the second hanging members 800 with screws or the like.

(12) Attaching the Second Hanging Member Next, the second hanging member 80, second hanging board 95, and side board assembled in (11) above are lifted up inside or near the opening 14 on the south side, and the hook 81 provided at the upper end of the second hanging member 80 is hooked onto the lower flange 33c of the crosspiece 33. This temporarily fastens the second hanging member 80 to the crosspiece 33. If the hook 81 is not provided at the upper end of the second hanging member 80, it is not necessary to hook the hook 81 onto the lower flange 33c of the crosspiece 33.
Next, the upper end of the second hanging member 80 is abutted against the lower surface of the lower flange 33c, and the upper end of the second hanging member 80 is fastened to the lower surface of the lower flange 33c with a bolt and nut fastener.
In addition, after fixing the upper end of the second hanging member 80 to the lower flange 33c as in this process, the second hanging plate 95 and side plate may be fixed to the second hanging member 80 as in the process (11) above.

(13) Installation of the second sill support and second sill Next, as shown in Figure 24, the second lower sill support 86 is positioned so that it extends perpendicular to the outer surface 3 from the outside of the opening 14 on the south side to the inside of the opening 14, and the second lower sill support 86 is spanned between the lower ends of the second hanging members 80, and the second lower sill support 86 is fixed to the lower ends of the second hanging members 80.
Next, the second lower siding 87 is positioned parallel to the outer surface 3 of the main body, and the second lower siding 87 is placed between the undersides of the second lower siding support 86, and the second lower siding 87 is fixed to the underside of the second lower siding support 86.
The step of attaching the second lower siding support 86 and the second lower siding 87 may be performed before step (12). In this case, the assembly consisting of the second lower siding support 86, the second lower siding 87, the second hanging member 80, the second hanging panel 95, and the side panel is attached under the metal frame 30 in step (12).

(14) Attaching the second lower eaves top board Next, attach the second lower eaves top board 88 to the underside of the second lower joist 87.
The step of attaching the second lower soffit support 86, the second lower soffit 87, and the second lower eaves top board 88 may be performed before the step (12) above. In this case, an assembly consisting of the second lower eaves top board 88, the second lower soffit support 86, the second lower soffit 87, the second hanging member 80, the second hanging board 95, and the side board is attached under the metal frame 30 by the step (12).

(15) Installing the second finishing material Next, the second finishing material 96 is used to cover the gap between the eaves nose end of the second lower eaves top board 88 and the lower end of the second drop board 95, and the second finishing material 96 is also attached and fixed to the front of the second drop board 95.
The step of attaching the second finishing material 96, the second lower soffit support 86, the second lower soffit 87, and the second lower eaves top board 88 may be performed before step (12). In this case, the assembly consisting of the second finishing material 96, the second lower eaves top board 88, the second lower soffit support 86, the second lower soffit 87, the second hanging material 80, the second hanging board 95, and the side board is attached under the metal frame 30 by step (12).

(16) Attaching the upper eaves top board Next, as shown in Figures 25 to 27, the upper eaves top board 65 is attached to the underside of the upper joists 60A, 60B, and 60C. Because the attachment process of the upper eaves top board 65 is carried out after steps (9) and (12), the upper eaves top board 65 does not interfere with the attachment work of the hanging members 70 and 80 in steps (9) or (12).

(17) Installing the finishing material Next, the gap between the lower end of the fascia board 55 and the end of the upper eaves top board 65 on the eaves nose side is covered with the fascia finishing material 57, and the fascia finishing material 57 is attached to the surface of the fascia board 55.
Next, the nose finishing material 56 is covered by the gap between the upper end of the fascia board 55 and the end of the sheathing board 45 on the eaves nose side, and the nose finishing material 56 is partially overlapped on the nose finishing material 57 and the fascia board 55, and the overlapping parts of the nose finishing materials 56, 57 are fixed to the fascia board 55 with screws or the like.
Next, the upper surface finishing material 46 is attached and fixed onto the sheathing board 45, and the upper surface finishing material 46 is partially overlapped with the nose finishing material 56 at the end face of the upper base material 40 on the eaves nose side, and these overlaps may be fixed to the end face of the upper base material 40 on the eaves nose side.

<4. Summary>
(1) Because the first lower eaves top board 78 is adjacent to the upper eaves top board 65 from the upper eaves top board 65 toward the opening 12 and is positioned lower than the upper eaves top board 65, the thickness of the portion of the eaves 20 corresponding to the upper eaves top board 65 can be made thinner than the thickness of the portion corresponding to the first lower eaves top board 78. Because the portion corresponding to the upper eaves top board 65 is primarily visible from outside, making the thickness of the portion corresponding to the upper eaves top board 65 thinner than the portion corresponding to the first lower eaves top board 78 reduces the unsophisticated appearance of the eaves 20 and contributes to improving the design of the eaves 20. If the upper eaves top board 65 were positioned at the same height as the first lower eaves top board 78, the entire eaves would be thick and would appear unsophisticated. However, this eaves 20 does not have such a disadvantage. The same can be said for the upper portion 24 of the second entrance 7 as for the upper portion 21 of the first entrance 5.

(2) Because the first lower eaves top board 78 is partially inserted into the opening 12, the part corresponding to the first lower eaves top board 78 appears to be part of the building 1's frame, and the thickness of the part corresponding to the lower eaves top board 78 is less noticeable. This eliminates the unsophisticated look of the eaves 20 and enhances the design of the eaves 20. The fact that the eaves 20 appear to be integrated with the building 1's frame enhances the design of the building 1. The same can be said for the upper part 24 of the second entrance 7 as for the upper part 21 of the first entrance 5.

(3) The fact that the sheathing board 45 is attached to the metal frame 30 via the upper base material 40 contributes to improving the appearance of the eaves 20.

(4) By attaching the first lower eaves top board 78 to the lower end of the first hanging member 70 hanging down from the metal frame 30, the first lower eaves top board 78 is positioned lower than the position of the upper eaves top board 65. Therefore, the thickness of the part corresponding to the upper eaves top board 65 can be made thinner than the thickness of the part corresponding to the first lower eaves top board 78. This eliminates the unsophisticated look of the eaves 20, and improves the design of the eaves 20. The same can be said for the upper part 24 of the second entrance 7 as for the upper part 21 of the first entrance 5.

(5) By attaching the first lower eaves top board 78 to the lower end of a ceiling-hanging anchor 75 hanging down from the underside of the slab 15 of the main body on the inside of the main body, the first lower eaves top board 78 is positioned lower than the position of the upper eaves top board 65. Therefore, the thickness of the part corresponding to the upper eaves top board 65 can be made thinner than the thickness of the part corresponding to the first lower eaves top board 78. This eliminates the unsophisticated look of the eaves 20 and gives the eaves 20 a high level of design appeal.

(6) Because the first lower eaves top board 78 extends from the outside of the frame to the inside of the frame along the underside of the beams 10 of the frame, the beams 10 are concealed by the first lower eaves top board 78. As a result, the downward protrusion of the beams 10 is not visible, improving the design of the building 1.

(7) Because the first lower eaves top board 78 extends to the top edge of the partition 6, the eaves 20 and the partition 6 appear to be integrated. This contributes to the design of the first entrance 5 of the building 1.

(8) Outside the inner balcony 9, the metal frame 30 protrudes from the outer surface 3 that forms the edge of the slab 15, so the upper surface of the eaves 20 makes the floor of the inner balcony 9 appear to extend outward. This contributes to an improved sense of openness on the inner balcony 9.

(9) Because the second lower eaves top 88 extends to the top edge of the partition 8, the eaves 20 and the partition 8 appear to be one unit. This contributes to the design of the second entrance 7 of the building 1.

(10) When attaching the hanging boards 90, 95 to the hanging members 70, 80 during the manufacture of the eaves 20, the hanging members 70, 80 have not yet been attached to the flanges 33c of the metal frame 30, making it easy to attach the hanging boards 90, 95 on the ground.

(11) When manufacturing the canopy 20, the hooks 71, 81 are hooked onto the flange 33c, temporarily fastening the hanging members 70, 80 to the flange 33c, making it easy to secure the upper ends of the hanging members 70, 80 with bolt and nut fasteners.

(12) When manufacturing the eaves 20, the upper eaves top plate 65 is attached to the bottom of the metal frame 30 after the hanging members 70, 80 are attached to the metal frame 30. Therefore, the upper eaves top plate 65 does not interfere with the work of securing the upper ends of the hanging members 70, 80 with bolt and nut fasteners.

(13) The base end of the metal frame 30 is fixed to the outer surfaces 2 and 3. This metal frame 30 has high strength due to its cantilever 31. The canopy 20 is manufactured by attaching various components to this metal frame 30, so the canopy 20 has high strength.

(14) The first floor structure of building 1 is made of reinforced concrete or steel-reinforced concrete, and metal frames 30 are fixed to the structure with anchors, and wood is attached to the metal frames 30 to create eaves 20. Eaves 20 created through woodworking or carpentry work have a craft-like quality, and the eaves 20 have a sense of solidity and design.

(15) Wood is used as the material for the eaves 20. The energy used from production to disposal and disposal of wood is less than the energy used from production to disposal and disposal of metal or concrete materials. Therefore, this eaves 20 contributes to the realization of a decarbonized society by promoting carbon neutrality, which reduces carbon dioxide emissions to virtually zero, and to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

1 Building 2, 3 Exterior 6, 8 Partition 9 Inner balcony 10 Beam 12, 14 Opening 15 Slab 20 Eaves 30 Metal frame 33c Lower flange 65 Upper eaves top plate 70 First hanging member 71 Hook 72 Bolt and nut fastener 75 Ceiling anchor (ceiling hanging member)
78 First lower eaves top board 80 Second hanging member 81 Hook 88 Second lower eaves top board

Claims (10)

A canopy extending from an outer surface of a building skeleton above an opening formed on the outer surface of the skeleton,
a frame fixed to the outer surface and extending from the outer surface;
An upper eaves top board attached under the frame outside the opening and near the tip of the frame;
A lower eaves top board is adjacent to the upper eaves top board from the upper eaves top board toward the opening, attached under the frame, positioned lower than the upper eaves top board, and partially inserted into the opening;
A canopy characterized by comprising: The canopy according to claim 1,
A eave characterized by having a sheathing board attached to the top of the frame and sloping downward toward the tip of the frame. The canopy according to claim 1,
A hanger member is provided that hangs down from the frame,
A eaves characterized in that the lower eaves top board is attached to the lower end of the hanging material. The canopy according to claim 3,
A ceiling-hanging member is provided that hangs down from the underside of the slab of the skeleton inside the skeleton,
A eaves characterized in that the lower eaves top board is attached to the lower end of the ceiling hanging material. The canopy according to claim 4,
A eave characterized in that the lower eaves top board is joined to the edge of the slab and extends from the outside of the body to the inside of the body along the underside of the beam of the body located above the opening. The canopy according to claim 5,
The lower eaves top board is erected at a position recessed inside the main body from the opening and extends to the upper end of a partition section with an opening and closing body that separates the indoor and outdoor areas. The canopy according to claim 3,
The frame extends from the outer surface forming the edge of the slab of the frame that constitutes the floor of the inner balcony above the opening,
The lower eaves top board is erected inside the opening and extends to the upper end of a partition with an opening and closing body that separates the indoor and outdoor areas. The canopy according to any one of claims 3 to 7,
the frame having a horizontal flange;
The hanging member has a hook at its upper end,
A canopy characterized in that the hook is hooked onto the flange and the upper end of the hanging material is fixed to the flange with a bolt and nut fastener. A method for manufacturing the canopy according to claim 8,
placing the frame on the outer surface;
Before attaching the hanging member to the frame, a hanging board is attached to the front surface of the hanging member;
After the hanging plate is attached to the hanging member, the hanging member is temporarily fastened to the flange by hooking the hook onto the flange;
The upper end of the hanging member is fixed to the flange by the bolt and nut fastener.
A method for manufacturing eaves, characterized in that the lower eaves top board is attached to the lower end of the hanging material before or after the hanging material is attached to the frame. A method for manufacturing the canopy according to claim 9,
A method for manufacturing eaves, characterized in that after attaching the hanging material to the frame, the upper eaves top board is attached under the frame.