JP2022151192A - Grinding device and ground product manufacturing method with use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a grinding device which efficiently suppresses single-sided grinding, and consequently, enables efficient grinding, a ground product manufacturing method with use of the same.SOLUTION: A grinding device 1 has: a grinding component 4 including a grinding surface 4a for grinding a surface 2a to be processed of a work-piece 2, and a support head 5 which tiltably supports the grinding component 4 so that the grinding surface 4a of the grinding component 4 and the surface 2a to be processed of the work-piece 2 approach in parallel by being pressed against each other. A ground product manufacturing method has a process in which the work-piece 2 is ground while tilting the grinding component 4 so that the grinding surface 4a of the grinding component 4 and the surface 2a to be processed of the work-piece 2 approach in parrel by being pressed against each other by use of the grinding device 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a grinding apparatus and a method of manufacturing a ground product using the same.

2. Description of the Related Art Grinding apparatuses are known that have a support head that supports a grinding member (see, for example, Patent Document 1) made of a grindstone, abrasive cloth, or the like, and that grinds a work such as a steel plate or steel pipe by pressing the grinding member against the work by the support head. ing.

JP-A-6-155314

If the grinding member is in uneven contact with the workpiece during grinding, the surface to be machined is in a state of one-sided grinding, which lowers the grinding accuracy. For this reason, it is common practice to adjust the inclination angle of the entire support head with respect to the surface to be machined of the workpiece via an alignment adjustment mechanism before grinding so as to suppress the uneven contact as much as possible. However, there are cases where the inclination angle of the surface to be processed varies from workpiece to workpiece, and the inclination angle may be uneven even within the surface to be processed of the workpiece. was inefficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a grinding apparatus and a method for manufacturing a ground product using the same, which can efficiently suppress single-sided grinding and thereby enable efficient grinding. .

The gist of the present invention is as follows.

1. a grinding member having a grinding surface for grinding a surface to be processed of a work;
a support head that tiltably supports the grinding member so that the grinding surface of the grinding member and the surface to be processed of the workpiece are pressed against each other and become parallel to each other;
A grinding device.

2. 1. The grinding member is tilted by a reaction force from the work. Grinding device according to.

3. 1. The support head has a base, a holder for holding the grinding member, and a pivot connection member for pivotally connecting the holder to the base. or 2. Grinding device according to.

4. 3. above, wherein a regulating member for regulating tilting of the grinding member via the rotary connection member is provided; Grinding device according to.

5. 4. The regulating member has an urging member that tilts the grinding member toward a predetermined position via the rotary connecting member. Grinding device according to.

6. 3. The rotatable connection member rotatably connects the holder to the base via a shaft member extending along a rotation axis. ~ 5. The grinding device according to any one of 1.

7. 6. above, wherein the pivot axis is located on the opposite side of the workpiece as viewed from the grinding member; Grinding device according to.

8. 6. wherein said pivot axis passes through said grinding member; Grinding device according to.

9. 1. The grinding member has an outer peripheral surface that grinds the workpiece by rotation. ~8. The grinding device according to any one of 1.

10. 1 above. ~ 9. Using the grinding apparatus according to any one of the above items, the grinding surface of the grinding member and the surface to be processed of the work are pressed against each other, so that the grinding member is tilted so that they are nearly parallel to each other, and the work is ground. A method for manufacturing a ground product, comprising the step of grinding.

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a grinding apparatus and a method for manufacturing a ground product using the same, which can efficiently suppress single-sided grinding and thereby enable efficient grinding.

1 is an external view showing a grinding device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a rotary connecting member of the grinding device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 2B is a perspective view of the pivot coupling member shown in FIG. 2A; FIG. It is an outline view showing a grinding device concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an external view of a portion of the grinding apparatus shown in FIG. 3 viewed from an angle different by 90°; FIG. 4 is an external view showing a state when a grinding member of the grinding apparatus shown in FIG. 3 starts to be pressed against a surface to be processed; 5B is an external view showing a state when pressing is completed from the state shown in FIG. 5A. FIG. It is an external view which shows the grinding apparatus as a comparative example. FIG. 4 is an external view showing a surface to be machined produced using the grinding apparatus shown in FIG. 3 as an example; It is experimental data showing the single-cutting suppression effect of the example with respect to the comparative example, and is a graph showing the number of passes on the horizontal axis and the grinding width of the surface to be machined on the vertical axis. It is experimental data which shows the single-cutting suppression effect of the Example with respect to a Comparative example, and is a graph which shows a horizontal axis|shaft as a grinding width direction position, and a vertical axis|shaft as a grinding depth.

Embodiments of the present invention will be exemplified below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the front-rear direction is the X direction, the direction perpendicular to the X direction (horizontal direction) is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the X and Y directions (vertical direction) is the Z direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the grinding apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention grinds a workpiece 2 (workpiece) which is a flat plate-shaped steel material, so that the surface of the workpiece is ground. This is a device for manufacturing steel plates. The workpiece 2 is not limited to a flat plate shape, and may be curved plate shape or tubular shape. The work 2 is not limited to steel, and may be made of metal other than steel.

The grinding device 1 has a grinding head 3 comprising a grinding member 4 and a support head 5 .

The grinding member 4 is composed of, for example, a grinding wheel made of a grindstone, and can grind the workpiece 2 with its cylindrical outer peripheral surface by rotating around a rotation axis O extending in the Y direction in FIG. In other words, the grinding member 4 has a grinding surface 4a configured by an outer peripheral surface for grinding the workpiece 2 by rotation. The grinding member 4 is rotationally driven via a rotary shaft 7 extending along the rotation axis O by a driving device 6 including an actuator (not shown). The rotary shaft 7 has two protrusions 7a that protrude from the grinding member 4 on both sides thereof in a direction along the rotation axis O (hereinafter also referred to as a left-right direction for convenience of explanation). The outer peripheral surface constituting the grinding surface 4a of the grinding member 4 has a linear belt shape extending linearly in the circumferential direction (or Z direction) as shown in the figure, but is not limited to this, for example, the circumferential It may have a wavy belt shape extending in a zigzag direction to the left and right.

The support head 5 has a base 8 , a holder 9 that holds the grinding member 4 via a rotation shaft 7 , and a rotary connection member 10 that rotatably connects the holder 9 to the base 8 .

The base 8 includes a support member 11, an actuator 12, and a pressing direction toward the surface 2a to be processed by the actuator 12 as indicated by a double-headed arrow extending in the Z direction in FIG. and a movable member 13 that is relatively moved linearly in a direction (hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the pressing direction is also referred to as downward, and the opposite direction is also referred to as upward). That is, the movable member 13 can be moved in parallel relative to the work 2 along the vertical direction by the actuator 12 . Note that the pressing direction is, for example, vertically downward. The support member 11 supports the actuator 12 and is attached to a head moving device (not shown), and is movable in any direction perpendicular to the pressing direction via the head moving device. The head moving device includes a first translation mechanism that translates the support member 11 in a first direction (for example, one of the X direction and the Y direction) perpendicular to the pressing direction, and a first translation mechanism that is perpendicular to both the pressing direction and the first direction. and a second translation mechanism that translates the support member 11 in two directions (eg, the other of the X direction and the Y direction). Note that the head moving device is not limited to this, and may be configured by, for example, a robot arm. The inclination angle of the entire base 8 is appropriately adjusted through an alignment adjustment mechanism (not shown) so that the pressing direction is substantially perpendicular to the surface 2a of the workpiece 2 to be processed.

The holder 9 includes two flat plate-like side members 9a perpendicular to the left-right direction (Y direction) for rotatably supporting the two projecting portions 7a of the rotating shaft 7 via bearing portions, and these side members 9a. and a flat plate-shaped upper member 9b perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z direction) that integrally connects the upper ends of the . One side member 9a faces the grinding member 4 from one side in the left-right direction and supports one projection 7a. supports the projecting portion 7a. The upper member 9 b faces the grinding member 4 from above and is positioned below the movable member 13 . The side members 9a are not necessarily provided on both sides of the grinding member 4 in the left-right direction, and may be provided only on one side of the grinding member 4 (for example, only on the side where the driving device 6 is provided). .

The rotary connecting member 10 is arranged along a rotary axis P (an axis extending in the X direction in FIG. 1) perpendicular to both the vertical direction (the direction along the pressing direction) and the horizontal direction (the direction along the rotation axis O). The upper member 9b is rotatably connected to the movable member 13 via a rotating shaft 14, which is a shaft member extending along the vertical axis. Therefore, the holder 9 and the grinding member 4 held by the holder 9 can tilt about the rotation axis P with respect to the surface 2a of the work 2 to be machined.

Further, the rotary connecting member 10 acts as a regulating member for regulating tilting of the grinding member 4 via the rotary connecting member 10, and acts as an urging force for tilting the grinding member 4 toward a predetermined position via the rotary connecting member 10. It has a member 15 . The biasing member 15 is composed of two tension springs provided on both sides of the rotation axis P in the left-right direction. The predetermined position is preferably as close as possible to a neutral position where the rotation axis O is perpendicular to the pressing direction, that is, the vertical direction (Z direction), and is the neutral position in this embodiment. By providing the regulating member, it is possible to keep the grinding surface 4a substantially parallel to the surface to be processed 2a within a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction (or the rotation axis P) when the grinding member 4 is not pressed against the surface to be processed 2a. can.

The driving device 6, the actuator 12, and the head moving device are integrally controlled by a control device composed of a computer (not shown). By the control device, the grinding member 4 is pressed against the surface to be processed 2a of the workpiece 2 (the surface on one side in the plate thickness direction) of the workpiece 2 in a rotating state by means of the actuator 12, for example, by position control or force control, and the grinding head 3 is pressed against the surface to be processed. While grinding the surface 2a, it is scanned along a predetermined path in a direction perpendicular to the up-down direction (for example, left-right direction and front-rear direction) via a head moving device. Scanning is performed, for example, at a constant speed.

In the first embodiment, as described above, the urging member 15 of the rotary connecting member 10 is composed of two tension springs located on both sides of the rotation axis P in the left-right direction. As in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A to 2B, it may be configured by a block-like elastic member made of rubber or the like including portions positioned on both sides of the rotation axis P in the left-right direction. The elastic member may consist of two parts as shown, or may consist of one part in which these two parts are joined together. Alternatively, an elastic member in the form of a compression coil spring or the like may be used instead of the lump. Instead of the biasing member 15, a damper member such as an oil damper may be provided as the restricting member. In the second embodiment, the rotating shaft 14 is composed of two parts separated in the front-rear direction. In addition, these parts constitute two hinges 16 separated in the front-rear direction (only one hinge 16 is shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B).

Further, in the first embodiment, the rotation axis P is located on the opposite side of the workpiece 2 when viewed from the grinding member 4 , so that the rotation axis P is located above the grinding member 4 . However, as in the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 3-5B, the pivot axis P passes through the grinding member 4 so that it is at or below the upper end of the grinding member 4. may

In the third embodiment, the holder 9 has two plate-shaped opposed members 9c perpendicular to the front-rear direction (X direction). One opposing member 9c faces the grinding member 4 from one side in the front-rear direction, and the other opposing member 9c faces the grinding member 4 from the other side in the front-rear direction. The upper ends of the two opposing members 9c are integrally connected by an upper member 9b. The movable member 13 includes two flat support walls 13a perpendicular to the front-rear direction, and a flat top wall 13b perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z direction) that integrally connects the upper ends of the support walls 13a. ,have. The top wall 13b faces the upper member 9b from above, and two opposing members 9c are positioned between the two support walls 13a. The rotary shaft 14 is composed of two portions (hereinafter also referred to as partial shafts 14a) located on both sides of the grinding member 4 in the front-rear direction. Further, two hinges 16 separated in the front-rear direction are configured by these partial shafts 14a. One hinge 16 is constituted by the partial shaft 14a positioned on one side in the front-rear direction with respect to the grinding member 4, the opposing member 9c, and the support wall 13a, and the partial shaft positioned on the other side in the front-rear direction with respect to the grinding member 4. The other hinge 16 is composed of 14a, opposing member 9c and support wall 13a.

Between the upper member 9b and the ceiling wall 13b, a biasing member 15 is provided as a restricting member. there is

As shown in FIG. 5A, the surface to be machined 2a of the workpiece 2 is inclined with respect to the grinding surface 4a in the plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction (or the rotation axis P) during grinding (that is, not perpendicular to the pressing direction). ), the reaction force F received from the surface to be machined 2a when the grinding member 4 is pressed against the surface to be machined 2a is as follows: A rotational moment is generated to tilt toward parallel, that is, to tilt in a direction to suppress partial contact. 5B, the grinding member 4 is tilted together with the holder 9 via the rotary shaft 14 against the biasing force of the biasing member 15, as indicated by the white arrow in FIG. 5B. In this manner, the grinding surface 4a of the grinding member 4 and the surface to be processed 2a of the workpiece 2 are pressed against each other, and the grinding member 4 is tilted via the rotary connecting member 10 so as to approach parallelism, that is, the surface to be processed is tilted. Grinding is performed by scanning the grinding head 3 while the grinding member 4 is passively tilted by the reaction force F from 2a. be able to.

In the first and second embodiments, it is the same as in the third embodiment in that it is possible to suppress the one-sided shaving. As a result, the rotation axis P is positioned further downward, so that the displacement of the grinding surface 4a in the left-right direction during tilting is smaller. Since it can follow and tilt more smoothly with respect to, one-sided shaving can be suppressed more efficiently. In addition, it is preferable that the rotation axis P is positioned at the same height as the rotation axis O or lower than it.

From the viewpoint of suppressing the one-sided cutting regardless of which way the surface 2a to be machined is inclined, the rotation axis P is within the width range of the grinding surface 4a (left side of the right end of the grinding surface 4a and the width of the grinding surface 4a). It is preferably located on the right side of the left edge). That is, when the rotation axis P is positioned at the same height as or lower than the upper end of the grinding member 4, it is preferable that the rotation axis P passes through the grinding member 4 as in the third embodiment. When the axis P is located above the upper end of the grinding member 4, it is preferable that the rotation axis P is located on the opposite side of the workpiece 2 as viewed from the grinding member 4, as in the first and second embodiments.

In addition, from the viewpoint of making the load acting on the surface 2a to be processed from the ground surface 4a during grinding more uniform, thereby further suppressing single-sided cutting, the rotation axis P is positioned as close as possible to the center of the width range of the ground surface 4a. preferably.

As described above, the grinding surface 4a of the grinding member 4 and the surface to be processed 2a of the workpiece 2 are pressed against each other by using the grinding apparatus 1 of any one of the first to third embodiments so as to approach parallelism. By going through the step of grinding the workpiece 2 while tilting the grinding member 4, it is possible to efficiently suppress single-sided grinding, thereby enabling efficient grinding.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be modified in various ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

Therefore, the grinding apparatus 1 of the embodiment and the method of manufacturing a ground product using the same can be modified in various ways, for example, as described below.

The grinding apparatus 1 of the above-described embodiment includes a grinding member 4 having a grinding surface 4a for grinding a surface 2a to be processed of the workpiece 2, and the grinding surface 4a of the grinding member 4 and the surface 2a to be processed of the workpiece 2 being pressed against each other. Various modifications are possible as long as the support head 5 tiltably supports the grinding member 4 so as to approach parallelism.

For example, the grinding member 4 may be of a type that rotates around a rotation axis O extending in the vertical direction (Z direction) and has a planar grinding surface 4a that is perpendicular to the rotation axis O. Alternatively, the grinding member 4 may be of a belt type. may be of a type in which the abrasive is driven by a plurality of rollers. As for the material and shape of the grinding member, the whole may be composed of a grindstone, or a disc wheel type in which a plurality of coated abrasives with abrasive grains are laminated in the direction along the rotation axis O. , or a flap wheel type in which a plurality of abrasive coated papers with abrasive grains are arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotation axis O and fixed (that is, a plurality of radially arranged and fixed) may be used.

In addition, in the grinding device 1 , it is preferable that the grinding member 4 is tilted by the reaction force from the workpiece 2 .

Further, in the grinding apparatus 1, the support head 5 preferably has a base 8, a holder 9 that holds the grinding member 4, and a rotary connection member 10 that rotatably connects the holder 9 to the base 8. .

For example, the rotary connecting member 10 may be a universal joint such as a ball joint, or may be a mass elastic member made of rubber or the like.

Further, the grinding device 1 preferably has a restricting member that restricts the tilting of the grinding member 4 via the rotary connecting member 10 .

Further, in the grinding apparatus 1 , the regulating member preferably has a biasing member 15 that tilts the grinding member 4 toward a predetermined position via the rotary connection member 10 .

Further, in the grinding apparatus 1, it is preferable that the rotary connecting member 10 rotatably connects the holder 9 to the base 8 via a shaft member extending along the rotary axis P. As shown in FIG.

Further, it is preferable that the grinding device 1 has the rotation axis P located on the opposite side of the workpiece 2 when viewed from the grinding member 4 .

Further, it is preferable that the grinding device 1 has the rotation axis P passing through the grinding member 4 .

In the grinding device 1, the grinding member 4 preferably has an outer peripheral surface for grinding the workpiece 2 by rotation.

In the method of manufacturing a ground product according to the above-described embodiment, the grinding surface 4a of the grinding member 4 and the surface to be processed 2a of the work 2 are pressed against each other by using the grinding device 1, and the grinding member 4 is tilted so that they become parallel to each other. Various changes are possible as long as there is a step of grinding the workpiece 2 while the workpiece 2 is being ground.

The grinding apparatus of the third embodiment was used as an example of the present invention, and the effect of suppressing single shaving in the case of using the grinding apparatus as a comparative example shown in FIG. 6 was evaluated. The evaluation was performed with respect to the grinding width W at the center of the grinding marks in the longitudinal direction and its profile, which are hatched in FIG. The comparative example has the same structure as the example except that the movable member is integrally connected to the holder without the rotation connecting member. Grinding marks were created under the same conditions for both the examples and the comparative examples. Specifically, the surface of a flat steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa and a thickness of 10 mm is ground on one side in the thickness direction using a grinding wheel having a diameter of 300 mm and a width of 100 mm as a grinding member, and the longitudinal direction is 1000 mm. A belt-shaped grinding mark with a length of . At that time, the actuator was set so that the pressing load was 40 N, the driving device was set so that the rotation speed of the grinding member was 3000 rpm, and the head moving device was set so that the grinding head moved in the longitudinal direction at 10 mm/s. was set to the control device and operated.

In the example and the comparative example, the same place was repeatedly ground in the same direction, and the grinding width W was measured for each number of times of grinding (hereinafter also referred to as the number of passes). At that time, in both the example and the comparative example, the alignment was precisely adjusted via an alignment adjustment mechanism so that the measured value of the digital gradiometer with a resolution of 0.1 degrees was the same for the surface to be processed and the rotating shaft. In the comparative example, measurements were also performed when the alignment was roughly adjusted visually. The results are shown in FIG.

It can be seen that in the example, the grinding width is remarkably widened from the first pass as compared with the comparative example (precise adjustment), and that the grinding member has already been ground over substantially the entire width in the third pass. On the other hand, in the comparative example (precise adjustment), the results were lower than the results of the example in all the number of passes, and even the sixth pass reached only about 60% of the total width of the grinding member. Comparing the results of the comparative example (precise adjustment) and the comparative example (rough adjustment), extremely precise alignment adjustment is required in order to grind the grinding member with a width of 100 mm in contact with the surface to be processed as wide as possible. It turns out that

Further, FIG. 9 shows the grinding cross-sectional profile in the fourth pass of the example and the comparative example (precise adjustment). As can be seen from FIG. 9, in the comparative example, the grinding depth is uneven in the width direction, whereas in the example, the grinding depth is uniform over substantially the entire width in the width direction.

From the above evaluation results, it was confirmed that according to the example, a remarkable effect of suppressing single shaving can be obtained.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Grinding device 2 Work 2a Work surface 3 Grinding head 4 Grinding member 4a Grinding surface 5 Support head 6 Driving device 7 Rotating shaft 7a Protruding portion 8 Base 9 Holder 9a Side member 9b Upper member 9c Opposing member 10 Rotating connecting member 11 Support member 12 Actuator 13 Movable member 13a Support wall 13b Ceiling wall 14 Rotating shaft 14a Partial shaft 15 Biasing member 16 Hinge F Reaction force O Rotation axis P Rotation axis W Grinding width

Claims (10)

a grinding member having a grinding surface for grinding a surface to be processed of a work;
a support head that tiltably supports the grinding member so that the grinding surface of the grinding member and the surface to be processed of the workpiece are pressed against each other and become parallel to each other;
A grinding device. 2. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said grinding member is tilted by reaction force from said workpiece. 3. The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said support head has a base, a holder for holding said grinding member, and a pivot connection member for pivotally connecting said holder to said base. 4. The grinding apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a regulating member for regulating tilting of said grinding member via said rotary connecting member. 5. The grinding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said regulating member has an urging member that tilts said grinding member toward a predetermined position via said rotary connection member. The grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein said rotary connecting member rotatably connects said holder to said base via a shaft member extending along a rotary axis. 7. The grinding device of claim 6, wherein said pivot axis is located on the opposite side of said workpiece from said grinding member. 7. The grinding device of claim 6, wherein said pivot axis passes through said grinding member. The grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the grinding member has an outer peripheral surface that grinds the workpiece by rotation. By using the grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the grinding member is tilted so that the grinding surface of the grinding member and the surface to be processed of the workpiece are pressed against each other and become parallel to each other. A method for manufacturing a ground product, comprising a step of grinding the workpiece while the workpiece is being ground.

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