JP2020131172A - Organic molecular catalyst and its use to achieve highly stereoselective asymmetric aldol reaction - Google Patents

Organic molecular catalyst and its use to achieve highly stereoselective asymmetric aldol reaction Download PDF

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JP2020131172A
JP2020131172A JP2019032112A JP2019032112A JP2020131172A JP 2020131172 A JP2020131172 A JP 2020131172A JP 2019032112 A JP2019032112 A JP 2019032112A JP 2019032112 A JP2019032112 A JP 2019032112A JP 2020131172 A JP2020131172 A JP 2020131172A
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proline
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JP7244905B2 (en
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松儀 真人
Masato Matsugi
真人 松儀
佑基 小林
Yuki Kobayashi
佑基 小林
稿太朗 石原
Kotaro Ishihara
稿太朗 石原
優樹 渡辺
Yuki Watanabe
優樹 渡辺
里帆 大林
Riho Obayashi
里帆 大林
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Meijo University
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Abstract

SOLUTION: There is provided an organic molecular catalyst, which is a proline derivative represented by the following formula (1) or a proline derivative which is an enantiomer thereof or a salt thereof. (Rrepresents a first substituent having a first fluorous group or a hydrocarbon group, and Rrepresents a second substituent having a second fluorous group.) Formula is shown below.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本明細書は、プロリンを利用した高立体選択的不斉アルドール反応のための有機分子触媒及びその利用に関する。 The present specification relates to organomolecular catalysts for highly stereoselective asymmetric aldol reactions using proline and their use.

天然プロリンを触媒として用いた分子間不斉アルドール反応が報告されて以来(非特許文献1)、プロリンを用いた触媒は、天然に豊富に存在するアミノ酸由来の不斉原を用いた触媒として注目され、その後、様々な有機分子触媒が開発されてきている。 Since the intermolecular asymmetric aldol reaction using natural proline as a catalyst was reported (Non-Patent Document 1), the catalyst using proline has attracted attention as a catalyst using an asymmetric source derived from naturally abundant amino acids. Since then, various organomolecular catalysts have been developed.

例えば、プロリンの4位を嵩高くしたり、2位のカルボキシ基をスルホンアミド基に変換することで、高エナンチオ面選択性が得られることが報告されている(非特許文献2,3)。また、プロリンの4位に酸素を介してペルフルオロアルキル基を導入したプロリン触媒による不斉アルドール反応も報告されている(非特許文献4)。また、プロリン触媒の2位をジトリフルオロメチルベンゼンスルホンアミド型としたプロリン触媒も報告されている(非特許文献5)。 For example, it has been reported that high enantioplane selectivity can be obtained by making the 4-position of proline bulky or converting the carboxy group at the 2-position into a sulfonamide group (Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3). In addition, an asymmetric aldol reaction using a proline catalyst in which a perfluoroalkyl group is introduced at the 4-position of proline via oxygen has also been reported (Non-Patent Document 4). In addition, a proline catalyst in which the 2-position of the proline catalyst is a ditrifluoromethylbenzenesulfonamide type has also been reported (Non-Patent Document 5).

B. List, R. A. Lerner, C. F. Barbas, J. Am. Chem. Soc.2000, 122, 2395-2396.B. List, R. A. Lerner, C. F. Barbas, J. Am. Chem. Soc.2000, 122, 2395-2396. Y. Hayashi, T. Sumiya, J. Takahashi, H. Gotoh, T. Urushima, M. Shoji, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 958-961.Y. Hayashi, T. Sumiya, J. Takahashi, H. Gotoh, T. Urushima, M. Shoji, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 958-961. A. Berkessel, B. Koch, J. Lex, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1141-1146.A. Berkessel, B. Koch, J. Lex, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1141-1146. F. Fache, O. Piva, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14, 139-143.F. Fache, O. Piva, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14, 139-143. M. Kinsella, P. G. Duggan, C. M. Lennon, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2011, 22, 1423-1433.M. Kinsella, P. G. Duggan, C. M. Lennon, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2011, 22, 1423-1433.

しかしながら、既に報告されているいずれのプロリン触媒も、アルドール反応におけるエナンチオ面選択性は未だ十分ではなかった。 However, none of the previously reported proline catalysts yet had sufficient enantioplane selectivity in the aldol reaction.

本明細書は、アルドール反応において高いエナンチオ面選択性を達成できるプロリン触媒及びその利用を提供する。 The present specification provides a proline catalyst and its utilization capable of achieving high enantioplane selectivity in the aldol reaction.

本発明者らは、プロリンのピロリジン骨格の4位にフルオラスタグを導入するとともに、2位にもフルオラスタグを導入したところ、不斉アルドール反応において高エナンチオ面選択性を達成できるという知見を得た。本明細書は、当該知見に基づき以下の手段を提供する。 The present inventors have found that when a fluorous tag is introduced at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton of proline and a fluorous tag is also introduced at the 2-position, high enantioplane selectivity can be achieved in the asymmetric aldol reaction. .. The present specification provides the following means based on the findings.

[1]以下の式(1)で表されるプロリン誘導体若しくはその鏡像体であるプロリン誘導体又はその塩である、有機分子触媒。
(R1は、第1のフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を有する第1の置換基を表し、R2は、第2のフルオラス基を有する第2の置換基を表す。)
[2]前記第1のフルオラス基は、炭素数が4〜16のポリフルオロオロアルキル基である、[1]に記載の有機分子触媒。
[3]前記ポリフルオロアルキル基は、パーフルオロアルキル基である、[2]に記載の有機分子触媒。
[4]前記第1の置換基は、アルキレン基を介して、ピロリジン骨格の4位に導入される前記第1のフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を備えている、[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒。
[5]前記第2のフルオラス基は、炭素数1〜4のポリフルオロアルキル基である、[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒。
[6]前記ポリフルオロアルキル基は、パーフルオロアルキル基である、[5]に記載の有機分子触媒。
[7]前記第2の置換基は、ピロリジン骨格の2位の炭素原子に結合するカルボニル炭素に結合する窒素原子を含むスルホンアミド部分を介して前記第2のフルオラス基を備える、[1]〜[6]のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒。
[8][1]〜[7]のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒を用いて、α水素を有するカルボニル化合物とケトン又はアルデヒドとのアルドール反応を行ってβ−ヒドロキシ化合物を合成する工程を備える、β−ヒドロキシ化合物製造方法。
[9]前記α水素を有するカルボニル化合物は、ニトロ基を有する、[7]又は[8]に記載の製造方法。
[1] An organomolecular catalyst which is a proline derivative represented by the following formula (1) or a proline derivative which is an enantiomer thereof or a salt thereof.
(R 1 represents a first substituent having a first fluorous group or a hydrocarbon group, and R 2 represents a second substituent having a second fluorolas group.)
[2] The organomolecular catalyst according to [1], wherein the first fluorous group is a polyfluorooloalkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms.
[3] The organomolecular catalyst according to [2], wherein the polyfluoroalkyl group is a perfluoroalkyl group.
[4] Any of [1] to [3], wherein the first substituent comprises the first fluorous group or a hydrocarbon group introduced at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton via an alkylene group. The organic molecular catalyst described in Crab.
[5] The organomolecular catalyst according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the second fluorous group is a polyfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
[6] The organomolecular catalyst according to [5], wherein the polyfluoroalkyl group is a perfluoroalkyl group.
[7] The second substituent comprises the second fluorus group via a sulfonamide moiety containing a nitrogen atom bonded to a carbonyl carbon bonded to a carbon atom at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, [1] to The organic molecular catalyst according to any one of [6].
[8] A step of synthesizing a β-hydroxy compound by performing an aldol reaction between a carbonyl compound having α-hydrogen and a ketone or aldehyde using the organic molecular catalyst according to any one of [1] to [7]. , Β-Hydroxy compound production method.
[9] The production method according to [7] or [8], wherein the carbonyl compound having α hydrogen has a nitro group.

本明細書の開示は、プロリンを利用した高立体選択的不斉アルドール反応のための有機分子触媒及びその利用に関する。本発明者らは、プロリンから誘導されるフルオラス有機分子触媒によって、従来にないほど不斉アルドール反応において高エナンチオ選択性を達成できることを見出した。従来、4位のみ又は2位のみにフルオラスタグを導入した触媒及び当該触媒によるアルドール反応は開示されていたが、いずれも、優れた反応生成物の立体選択性、具体的には、エナンチオ面選択性を達成することはできていなかった。本発明者らは、これら双方にフルオラスタグを導入することで、意外にも、高エナンチオ面選択性が得られることを見出した。 The disclosure herein relates to organocatalysts for highly stereoselective asymmetric aldol reactions using proline and their use. We have found that a fluorolas organocatalyst derived from proline can achieve unprecedentedly high enantioselectivity in asymmetric aldol reactions. Conventionally, a catalyst in which a fluorous tag is introduced only at the 4-position or only at the 2-position and an aldol reaction by the catalyst have been disclosed, but both have excellent stereoselectivity of the reaction product, specifically, enantioplane selection. I wasn't able to achieve sex. The present inventors have found that, surprisingly, high enantioplane selectivity can be obtained by introducing a fluorous tag into both of them.

また、本発明者らは、これらのフルオラスタグのハロゲン含有量を設計すること(例えば、ハロゲン含有量を40%以上60%以下程度とする。)で、リサイクルも容易な固相−液相間移動型有機分子触媒が得られることも併せて見出した。以下、有機分子触媒と当該触媒を用いたアルドール反応について説明する。 Further, the present inventors design the halogen content of these fluorolas tags (for example, the halogen content is set to about 40% or more and 60% or less), so that the solid-phase-liquid phase can be easily recycled. It was also found that a mobile organic molecular catalyst can be obtained. Hereinafter, an organic molecular catalyst and an aldol reaction using the catalyst will be described.

[有機分子触媒]
本明細書において開示する有機分子触媒(以下、単に、本触媒という。)は、以下の式(1)で表されるプロリン誘導体若しくはその鏡像体であるプロリン誘導体又はその塩である。
[Organocatalysis]
The organic molecular catalyst disclosed in the present specification (hereinafter, simply referred to as the present catalyst) is a proline derivative represented by the following formula (1) or a proline derivative or a salt thereof which is an enantiomer thereof.

すなわち、本触媒は、ピロリジン骨格の4位に第1のフルオラス基また例えば炭化水素基を含む第1の置換基「R」を備え、同2位に第2のフルオラス基を備える第2の置換基「R」を備える光学活性なプロリン誘導体又はその塩である。本触媒は、これら2つのフルオラス基(フルオラスタグ)を用いる。例えば、式(1)で示されるプロリン誘導体は、いわゆるプロリンのL体の誘導体といえ、その鏡像体はプロリンのD体の誘導体といえる。なお、本触媒は、プロリン誘導体であるが、プロリンから合成されるものに限定される趣旨ではない。 That is, the present catalyst has a second fluorous group at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, a first substituent "R 1 " containing, for example, a hydrocarbon group, and a second fluorous group at the 2-position. substituent is an optically active proline derivative or a salt thereof comprising the "R 2". This catalyst uses these two fluorous groups (fluorous tags). For example, the proline derivative represented by the formula (1) can be said to be a so-called L-form derivative of proline, and its enantiomer can be said to be a D-form derivative of proline. Although this catalyst is a proline derivative, it is not limited to those synthesized from proline.

第1の置換基は、ピロリジン骨格の4位の炭素原子に導入されている。第1の置換基は、第1のフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を備えることができる。 The first substituent is introduced into the carbon atom at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton. The first substituent can include a first fluorous group or a hydrocarbon group.

第1のフルオラス基は、例えば、直鎖状又は分岐状のポリフルオロアルキル基が挙げられる。直鎖状又は分岐状のポリフルオロアルキル基としては、同様のパーフルオロアルキル基が挙げられる。こうしたポリフルオロアルキル基としては、特に限定するものではないが、直鎖状である。また、ポリフルオロアルキル基は、例えば、炭素原子数が3〜12個、また例えば、4〜10個、また例えば、6〜10個のポリフルオロアルキル基であることが好ましい。炭素原子数等の選択については、例えば、フッ素含有量に基づいて選択することができる。フルオラス含有量が、アルドール反応における高エナンチオ面選択性に影響することがわかっている。また、フルオラス含有量によって、本触媒のリサイクル性にも影響する。例えば、フッ素含有量としては40%以上60%以下程度のミディアムフルオラス含有量のフルオラス基であることが好ましい。 The first fluorous group includes, for example, a linear or branched polyfluoroalkyl group. Examples of the linear or branched polyfluoroalkyl group include similar perfluoroalkyl groups. Such a polyfluoroalkyl group is not particularly limited, but is linear. Further, the polyfluoroalkyl group is preferably a polyfluoroalkyl group having, for example, 3 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and for example, 6 to 10 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms and the like can be selected based on, for example, the fluorine content. Fluorous content has been shown to affect high enantioplane selectivity in aldol reactions. In addition, the fluorolas content also affects the recyclability of this catalyst. For example, the fluorine content is preferably a fluorous group having a medium fluorolas content of about 40% or more and 60% or less.

炭化水素基は、例えば、直鎖状又は分岐状の炭化水素基であって、アルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基等が挙げられる。こうした炭化水素基としては、特に限定するものではないが、直鎖状である。また、炭化水素基は、例えば、炭素原子数が4〜18個であり、また例えば、4〜16個であり、また例えば、6〜14個であり、また例えば、6〜12個である。炭素原子数等の選択については、特に限定するものではないが、嵩高さが高エナンチオ面選択性に影響することがわかっているので適宜選択して用いることができる。 The hydrocarbon group is, for example, a linear or branched hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include an alkyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group. The hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but is linear. Further, the hydrocarbon group has, for example, 4 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, 4 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and for example, 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The selection of the number of carbon atoms and the like is not particularly limited, but since it is known that the bulkiness affects the high enantioplane selectivity, it can be appropriately selected and used.

第1のフルオラス基は、ピロリジン骨格の4位の炭素原子に対して直接導入されていてもよいが、連結基を介して導入されていてもよい。連結基としては、例えば、アルキレン基、アミノアルキレン基、ベンジル基など、プロリン不斉触媒に用いられる公知の連結基を適宜用いることができる。連結基は、特に限定するものではないが、例えば、炭素原子数が2〜6個、また例えば、同2〜4個の程度のアルキレン基を連結基とすることができる。なお、第1のフルオラス基が、パーフルオロアルキル基でないポリフルオロアルキル基の場合には、連結基部分は、完全にフルオロ化されていないアルキレン基を連結基に含めるものとする。なお、炭化水素基の場合には、連結基の一部か炭化水素基の一部かを構造からは判断できない場合もある。かかる場合においては、炭化水素基の一部に含めるものとする。 The first fluorous group may be introduced directly into the carbon atom at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, or may be introduced via a linking group. As the linking group, for example, a known linking group used for a proline asymmetric catalyst, such as an alkylene group, an aminoalkylene group, and a benzyl group, can be appropriately used. The linking group is not particularly limited, but for example, an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, 2 to 4 carbon atoms can be used as the linking group. When the first fluorous group is a polyfluoroalkyl group that is not a perfluoroalkyl group, the linking group portion includes an alkylene group that is not completely fluorolated. In the case of a hydrocarbon group, it may not be possible to determine from the structure whether it is a part of the linking group or a part of the hydrocarbon group. In such cases, it shall be included as part of the hydrocarbon group.

こうした第1のフルオラス基としては、例えば、C49基、C511基、C613基、C715基、C817基、C919基、C1021基、C1123基、C1225基等が挙げられる。また、炭化水素基としては、C613基、C715基、C817基、C919基、C1021基、C1123基、C1225、C1327基、C1429基、C1531基等が挙げられる。 Examples of such a first fluorous group include C 4 F 9 groups, C 5 F 11 groups, C 6 F 13 groups, C 7 F 15 groups, C 8 F 17 groups, C 9 F 19 groups, and C 10 F. 21 units, C 11 F 23 units, C 12 F 25 units, etc. can be mentioned. The hydrocarbon groups include C 6 H 13 groups, C 7 H 15 groups, C 8 H 17 groups, C 9 H 19 groups, C 10 H 21 groups, C 11 H 23 groups, C 12 H 25 , and C. Examples include 13 H 27 groups, C 14 H 29 groups, and C 15 H 31 groups.

第2の置換基は、ピロリジン骨格の2位の炭素原子に導入されている。第2の置換基が備える第2のフルオラス基は、例えば、直鎖状又は分岐状のポリフルオロアルキル基が挙げられる。直鎖状又は分岐状のポリフルオロアルキル基としては、同様のパーフルオロアルキル基が挙げられる。こうしたポリフルオロアルキル基及びポリフルオロアルキレン基としては、特に限定するものではないが、直鎖状である。また、ポリフルオロアルキル基は、炭素原子数が1〜6個程度、また例えば、炭素原子数が1〜4個、また例えば、同1〜3個,また例えば、同1〜2個のポリフルオロアルキル基、また例えば、トリフルオロメチル基である。 The second substituent is introduced into the carbon atom at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton. The second fluorous group included in the second substituent includes, for example, a linear or branched polyfluoroalkyl group. Examples of the linear or branched polyfluoroalkyl group include similar perfluoroalkyl groups. The polyfluoroalkyl group and the polyfluoroalkylene group are not particularly limited, but are linear. Further, the polyfluoroalkyl group has about 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and for example, 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and for example, 1 to 2 carbon atoms. It is an alkyl group, for example, a trifluoromethyl group.

第2のフルオラス基は、1個又は2個以上を備えることができる。例えば、ベンゼン環を含むアリール基やアラルキル基の水素原子を置換するように備えられていてもよい。アリール基に対する第2のフルオラス基の導入部位は、アリール基のピロリジン骨格側への連結部位に対して、o−位、m−位及びp−位のいずれかであってもよいし2以上であってもよい。 The second fluorous group can include one or more. For example, it may be provided to replace the hydrogen atom of an aryl group or an aralkyl group containing a benzene ring. The introduction site of the second fluorolas group for the aryl group may be any of the o-position, the m-position and the p-position with respect to the connection site of the aryl group to the pyrrolidine skeleton side, and may be 2 or more. There may be.

第2の置換基の導入形態は特に限定するものではない。直接導入されていてもよいし、連結基を介して導入されていてもよい。連結基としては、例えば、アルキレン基、アミノアルキレン基、ベンジル基など、プロリン不斉触媒に用いられる公知の連結基を適宜用いることができる。例えば、第2のフルオラス基及び第2のフルオラス基を有するアリール基やアラルキル基は、ピロリジン骨格の2位の炭素原子に直接導入されていてもよいが、ピロリジン骨格の2位の炭素原子に連結されるカルボニル基スルホンアミド部分(−NHSO2−)を介して導入されていてもよい。 The form of introduction of the second substituent is not particularly limited. It may be introduced directly or via a linking group. As the linking group, for example, a known linking group used for a proline asymmetric catalyst, such as an alkylene group, an aminoalkylene group, and a benzyl group, can be appropriately used. For example, an aryl group or an aralkyl group having a second fluorus group and a second fluorus group may be directly introduced into the carbon atom at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, but is linked to the carbon atom at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton. It may be introduced via the carbonyl group sulfonamide moiety (-NHSO 2- ).

こうした、第2のフルオラス基としては、例えば、以下の形態が挙げられる。なお、以下の形態では、ピロリジン骨格の2位のカルボニル基炭素原子に、スルホンアミド部分を連結基として導入した形態で例示する。 Examples of such a second fluorous group include the following forms. In the following form, a sulfonamide moiety is introduced as a linking group into the carbon atom of the carbonyl group at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton.

本触媒は、プロリン誘導体内に、ピロリジン骨格におけるNHなどの塩形成可能部位を備えるため、例えば、酸と塩を形成することができる。酸としては、特に限定するものではないが、例えば、カルボン酸誘導体、硫酸又はスルホン酸誘導体、リン酸誘導体、塩酸等が挙げられる。 Since this catalyst has a salt-forming site such as NH in the pyrrolidine skeleton in the proline derivative, for example, an acid and a salt can be formed. The acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a carboxylic acid derivative, a sulfuric acid or a sulfonic acid derivative, a phosphoric acid derivative, and hydrochloric acid.

[有機分子触媒の製造方法]
本触媒の製造方法は、特に限定するものではないが、公知の方法によって製造することができる。例えば、4位に水酸基を備えるのヒドロキシプロリンのNHの水素原子をベンジルオキシカルボニル基などで保護しておいた上で、4位に第1のフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を導入する。その後、この反応生成物のピロリジン骨格の2位のカルボニル基炭素に、第2のフルオラス基を備えるビストリフルオロメチルベンゼンスルホンアミドを導入するようにする。
[Manufacturing method of organic molecular catalyst]
The method for producing this catalyst is not particularly limited, but it can be produced by a known method. For example, the hydrogen atom of NH of hydroxyproline having a hydroxyl group at the 4-position is protected with a benzyloxycarbonyl group or the like, and then the first fluorus group or a hydrocarbon group is introduced at the 4-position. Then, a bistrifluoromethylbenzenesulfonamide having a second fluorolas group is introduced into the carbonyl group carbon at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton of this reaction product.

[有機分子触媒を用いたアルドール反応によるβ−ヒドロキシ化合物の合成する工程を備える、β−ヒドロキシ化合物の製造方法]
本明細書に開示されるβ−ヒドロキシ化合物の製造方法は、本触媒を用いて、α水素を有するカルボニル化合物を用いてとケトン又はアルデヒドとのアルドール反応を行って、β−ヒドロキシ化合物を合成する工程を備えることができる。本方法によれば、極めて高いエナンチオ面選択性により、光学活性であるβ−ヒドロキシ化合物を製造することができる。例えば、本製造方法によれば、光学活性アンチ型β−ヒドロキシ化合物を高い選択性で合成することができる。
[A method for producing a β-hydroxy compound, which comprises a step of synthesizing a β-hydroxy compound by an aldol reaction using an organic molecular catalyst]
The method for producing a β-hydroxy compound disclosed in the present specification is to synthesize a β-hydroxy compound by carrying out an aldol reaction with a ketone or an aldehyde using a carbonyl compound having α hydrogen using the present catalyst. A process can be provided. According to this method, an optically active β-hydroxy compound can be produced due to extremely high enantiomeric surface selectivity. For example, according to this production method, an optically active anti-β-hydroxy compound can be synthesized with high selectivity.

また、本触媒によれば、水などの水性媒体ほか、THFやトルエンなどの非水混和性溶媒においても、同様に、高い選択率で光学活性β−ヒドロキシ化合物を合成することができる。また、本触媒によれば、カルボニル化合物として、ニトロ基を有する化合物、例えば、p−ニトロベンズアルデヒドなどであっても、光学活性なβ−ヒドロキシ化合物を高い選択性で合成することができる。 Further, according to this catalyst, an optically active β-hydroxy compound can be synthesized with a high selectivity in an aqueous medium such as water as well as in a non-miscible solvent such as THF and toluene. Further, according to this catalyst, even a compound having a nitro group as a carbonyl compound, for example, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, an optically active β-hydroxy compound can be synthesized with high selectivity.

本触媒によるこのような高エナンチオ面選択性は、ピロリジン骨格の4位に嵩高いフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を有しつつ、ピロリジン骨格と同2位のフルオラス基によって、安定した不斉空間が形成されるものによると考えられる。 Such high enantioplane selectivity by this catalyst has a bulky fluorous group or hydrocarbon group at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, and a stable asymmetric space is formed by the fluorolas group at the same 2-position as the pyrrolidine skeleton. It is thought that it depends on what is done.

α水素を有するカルボニル化合物としては、特に限定するものではないが、種々のアルデヒド及びケトンを用いることができる。また、また、α水素を有するカルボニル化合物としては、エステルやアミドなどを用いることもできる。 The carbonyl compound having α-hydrogen is not particularly limited, but various aldehydes and ketones can be used. Further, as the carbonyl compound having α-hydrogen, an ester, an amide or the like can also be used.

以下、本明細書の開示をより具体的に説明するために具体例としての実施例を記載する。以下の実施例は、本明細書の開示を説明するためのものであって、その範囲を原知恵するものではない。 Hereinafter, examples as specific examples will be described in order to more specifically explain the disclosure of the present specification. The following examples are for the purpose of explaining the disclosure of the present specification, and are not intended to be the scope thereof.

<触媒の合成>
本実施例では、ピロリジン骨格の4位にフルオラス基(C817基)及び炭化水素基(C817基)をそれぞれ有し、同2位のカルボニル基炭素原子にスルホンアミド部分を介してm−ビストリフルオロメチルベンゼンを備えるプロリン触媒(1)及び(2)と、ピロリジン骨格の4位にフルオラス基(C817基)を有し、同2位のカルボニル基炭素原子にスルホンアミド部分を介してp−トリフルオロメチルベンゼンを備えるプロリン触媒(3)を合成した。また、別途、対照として、炭化水素基を同4位に備えるが、ビスメチルベンゼンをスルホンアミド部分を介して同2位のカルボニル基炭素原子に備える対照プロリン触媒(1)と、フルオラス基を同4位に備えるが、同2位のカルボキシ基のみを備える対照プロリン触媒(2)とを合成した。
<Catalyst synthesis>
In this example, it has a fluorus group (C 8 F 17 group) and a hydrocarbon group (C 8 H 17 group) at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, and the carbonyl group carbon atom at the 2-position via a sulfonamide moiety. Proline catalysts (1) and (2) with m-bistrifluoromethylbenzene and a fluorus group (C 8 F 17 group) at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton, and a sulfoamide at the carbonyl group carbon atom at the 2-position. A proline catalyst (3) containing p-trifluoromethylbenzene was synthesized via a moiety. Separately, as a control, a control proline catalyst (1) having a hydrocarbon group at the same 4-position but having bismethylbenzene at the carbonyl group carbon atom at the same 2-position via a sulfonamide moiety and a fluorolas group are provided. A control proline catalyst (2) having only a carboxy group at the 2-position while preparing for the 4-position was synthesized.

<プロリン触媒(1)の合成>
以下に、プロリン触媒(1)の合成スキームを示し、次に、それぞれの化合物の合成方法を順追って記載する。以下、他の触媒についても同様である。
<Synthesis of proline catalyst (1)>
The synthesis scheme of the proline catalyst (1) is shown below, and then the synthesis method of each compound is described step by step. Hereinafter, the same applies to other catalysts.

(2S,4R)-1-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidの合成
この化合物を以下の式に従って合成した。
Synthesis of (2S, 4R) -1-((Benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid This compound was synthesized according to the following formula.

trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline (1.64 g 12.6 mmol) と炭酸ナトリウム (3.33 g 31.5 mmol)をH2O(12 mL)とアセトン(2mL)の混合溶媒に溶かして10分間撹拌した。30分かけて系内にCbz-Cl (2.13 mL, 15.12 mmol) を 4 回に分けて滴下した。その後、室温で20.5時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液に H2O (30 mL) を加えて希釈した後、Et2O (15 mL) で 3 回洗浄した。水層を 0 °C に冷却し、6N HCl aq. をゆっくりと加えて pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチル (25 mL) で 3 回抽出した。さらに飽和食塩水 (20 mL) で 2 回洗浄し、酢酸エチル層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィー (酢酸エチル : メタノール = 5 : 1) により精製した。(3.27 g, 98%)
Colorless oil; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 7.38-7.28 (m, 5H), 5.19 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 2H), 4.64-4.54 (m, 2H), 3.66 (d, J= 18.9 Hz, 2H), 2.46-2.06 (m, 2H).
Trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline (1.64 g 12.6 mmol) and sodium carbonate (3.33 g 31.5 mmol) were dissolved in a mixed solvent of H 2 O (12 mL) and acetone (2 mL) and stirred for 10 minutes. Cbz-Cl (2.13 mL, 15.12 mmol) was added dropwise into the system over 30 minutes in 4 portions. Then, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20.5 hours. After completion of the reaction, H 2 O (30 mL) was added to the reaction solution to dilute it, and then the mixture was washed 3 times with Et 2 O (15 mL). The aqueous layer was cooled to 0 ° C., 6N HCl aq. Was slowly added to adjust the pH to 1-2, and the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate (25 mL). Further, the cells were washed twice with saturated brine (20 mL), the ethyl acetate layer was dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol = 5: 1). (3.27 g, 98%)
Colorless oil; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 7.38-7.28 (m, 5H), 5.19 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 2H), 4.64-4.54 (m, 2H), 3.66 (d, J) = 18.9 Hz, 2H), 2.46-2.06 (m, 2H).

(2S,4R)-4-(Allyloxy)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidの合成 Synthesis of (2S, 4R) -4- (Allyloxy) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

三ツ口フラスコに (2S,4R)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (2.1 g, 7.9 mmol) を量りとり、窒素置換した後に dry-THF (20 mL) を加えた。系内を 0 °C まで冷却した後、水素化ナトリウム (792 mg, 19.8 mmol) を 3 回に分けて加え、室温まで昇温して 15 分攪拌した。系内に臭化アリル (1.8 mL, 20.6 mmol) を滴下した後、還流条件下で 41 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、H2O (17 mL) を加え、さらに 1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣に NaOH (511 mg, 12.9 mmol)、H2O (3 mL)、および MeOH (3 mL) を加え、室温で 24 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、反応液を水で希釈し、酢酸エチルで 3 回洗浄した。水層を 1N HCl aq. を用いて pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮を行った。(1.66 g, 69%)
Colorless oil; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 7.29-7.26 (m, 5H), 5.92-5.81 (m, 1H), 5.92-5.11 (m, 2H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.17 (m, 1H), 3.97-3.96 (m, 2H), 3.75-3.61 (m, 2H), 2.44-2.04 (m, 2H).
Weigh (2S, 4R) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (2.1 g, 7.9 mmol) into a three-necked flask, replace with nitrogen, and then add dry-THF (20 mL). It was. After cooling the inside of the system to 0 ° C, sodium hydride (792 mg, 19.8 mmol) was added in 3 portions, the temperature was raised to room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. After allyl bromide (1.8 mL, 20.6 mmol) was added dropwise to the system, the mixture was stirred under reflux conditions for 41 hours. After completion of the reaction, H 2 O (17 mL) was added, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. NaOH (511 mg, 12.9 mmol), H 2 O (3 mL), and MeOH (3 mL) were added to the obtained residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was diluted with water and washed 3 times with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 1-2 with 1N HCl aq. And then extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. (1.66 g, 69%)
Colorless oil; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 7.29-7.26 (m, 5H), 5.92-5.81 (m, 1H), 5.92-5.11 (m, 2H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H) , 4.17 (m, 1H), 3.97-3.96 (m, 2H), 3.75-3.61 (m, 2H), 2.44-2.04 (m, 2H).

(2S,4R)-1-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoro-2-iodoundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidの合成 (2S, 4R) -1-((Benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4- ((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11) , 11-heptadecafluoro-2-iodoundecyl) oxy) Synthesis of pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

N2 雰囲気下 -78 °C で (2S,4R)-4-(allyloxy)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (3.85 g, 13 mmol) を脱気した後、室温で C8F17I (3.43 mL, 13 mmol) を加え、80 °C に昇温した。系内に AIBN (210 mg, 1.3 mmol) を加え、43 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、1N HCl aq. を用いて pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣を FSPE (メタノール : 水 = 68 : 32) によって精製した。(4.85 g, 43%)
Yellow oil; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 7.36-7.26 (m, 5H), 5.25-5.14 (m, 2H), 4.59-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.17 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.54 (m, 4H), 2.99-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.47-2.18 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl3); δ 176.28, 174.79, 155.98, 154.62, 136.36, 136.09, 128.62, 128.46, 118.37-108.49, 73.76, 67.85, 67.40, 58.21-57.65, 37.70, -34.99, 14.25; 19F NMR (466 MHz, CDCl3); δ, -125.96 (2F), -123.35 (2F), -122.56 (2F), -121.74 (4F), -121.41 (2F), -114.29--112.39 (2F), -80.61 (3F); HRMS (FAB+) m/z calcd for C24H20O5NF17I 852.0115, found: 852.0133.
After degassing (2S, 4R) -4- (allyloxy) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (3.85 g, 13 mmol) at -78 ° C under N 2 atmosphere, at room temperature C 8 F 17 I (3.43 mL, 13 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. AIBN (210 mg, 1.3 mmol) was added to the system, and the mixture was stirred for 43 hours. After completion of the reaction, the pH was adjusted to 1-2 with 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was purified by FSPE (methanol: water = 68: 32). (4.85 g, 43%)
Yellow oil; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 7.36-7.26 (m, 5H), 5.25-5.14 (m, 2H), 4.59-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.30 (m, 1H) , 4.30-4.17 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.54 (m, 4H), 2.99-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.47-2.18 (m, 2H); 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 176.28 , 174.79, 155.98, 154.62, 136.36, 136.09, 128.62, 128.46, 118.37-108.49, 73.76, 67.85, 67.40, 58.21-57.65, 37.70, -34.99, 14.25; 19 F NMR (466 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ,- 125.96 (2F), -123.35 (2F), -122.56 (2F), -121.74 (4F), -121.41 (2F), -114.29--112.39 (2F), -80.61 (3F); HRMS (FAB +) m / z calcd for C 24 H 20 O 5 NF 17 I 852.0115, found: 852.0133.

(2S,4R)-1-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidの合成 (2S, 4R) -1-((Benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4- ((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11) , 11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) Synthesis of pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

(2S,4R)-1-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoro-2-iodoundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (652.5 mg, 0.766 mmol) をエタノール (10 mL) に溶かした後、AIBN (12.6 mg, 0.0766 mmol)、次亜リン酸 (1.44 mL, 7.66 mmol)、炭酸水素ナトリウム (772.8 mg, 9.19 mmol) の順に加え、還流条件下で 4 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出を行った。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ジクロロメタン : メタノール = 15 : 1) によって精製した。(348.7 mg, 63%)
Yellow oil; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 7.31-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.22-5.08 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.09 (t, J = 3.3 Hz, 1H), 3.71-3.46 (m, 4H), 2.25-2.08 (m, 4H), 1.85-1.61 (m, 2H).
(2S, 4R) -1-((Benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4- ((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11) , 11-heptadecafluoro-2-iodoundecyl) oxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (652.5 mg, 0.766 mmol) dissolved in ethanol (10 mL), then AIBN (12.6 mg, 0.0766 mmol), hypophosphorous acid (1.44) mL, 7.66 mmol) and sodium hydrogen carbonate (772.8 mg, 9.19 mmol) were added in this order, and the mixture was stirred under reflux conditions for 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (dichloromethane: methanol = 15: 1). (348.7 mg, 63%)
Yellow oil; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 7.31-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.22-5.08 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.09 (t, J = 3.3 Hz) , 1H), 3.71-3.46 (m, 4H), 2.25-2.08 (m, 4H), 1.85-1.61 (m, 2H).

3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamideの合成 Synthesis of 3,5-Bis (trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide

3,5- Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyl chloride (2.0 g, 6.4 mmol) をH2O (10 mL) に溶かした後、25% アンモニア水 (2.5 mL, 33.4 mmol) を加えて、100 °C で 2 時間撹拌した。減圧濃縮した後、得られた粗生成物に 1N HCl aq. を加え、生じた沈殿物を吸引ろ過により回収した。(1.6 g, 85%)
White solid; m.p. 182-183 °C; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.39 (s, 2H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 5.00 (s, 2H).
Dissolve 3,5- Bis (trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonyl chloride (2.0 g, 6.4 mmol) in H 2 O (10 mL), add 25% aqueous ammonia (2.5 mL, 33.4 mmol), and add 2 at 100 ° C. Stirred for hours. After concentration under reduced pressure, 1N HCl aq. Was added to the obtained crude product, and the resulting precipitate was collected by suction filtration. (1.6 g, 85%)
White solid; mp 182-183 ° C; 1 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.39 (s, 2H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 5.00 (s, 2H).

Benzyl(2S,4R)-2-(((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)carbamoyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateの合成 Benzyl (2S, 4R) -2-(((3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) carbamoyl) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8) , 9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) Synthesis of pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

N2 雰囲気下にて、(2S,4R)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (348.8 mg, 0.48 mmol)、3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide (209.8 mg, 0.72 mmol)、DMAP (19.6 mg, 0.12 mmol)、および HOBt (110 mg, 0.72 mmol) を dry-CH2Cl2(10 mL) と dry-DMF (5 mL) の混合溶媒に溶かした。系内を 0 °C に冷却した後、EDCI (127 mL, 0.72 mmol) を滴下し、10 分間撹拌した。さらに室温で 32 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出を行った。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン : 酢酸エチル = 4 : 1) によって精製した。(400.8 mg, 83%)
Yellow oil; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.46 (s, 2H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.28-5.00 (m, 2H), 4.40 (s, 1H), 4.04 (s, 1H), 3.54-3.39 (m, 4H), 2.07-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.25-1.22 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl3); δ 135.49, 132.62-121.46, 118.53-108.00, 68.59, 67.76, 51.64, 27.82, 27.29, 20.91; 19F NMR (466 MHz, CDCl3); δ -125.73--126.58 (2F), -123.10--123.70 (2F), -122.44--122.98 (2F), -121.15--122.35 (6F), -113.92--114.84 (2F), -80.56--80.89 (3F), -62.40--3.58 (6F); HRMS (FAB+) m/z calcd for C32H24O6N2F23S 1001.0988, found: 1001.0948.
Under N 2 atmosphere, (2S, 4R) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9, 10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (348.8 mg, 0.48 mmol), 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide (209.8 mg, 0.72 mmol), DMAP (19.6 mg, 19.6 mg, 0.12 mmol) and HOBt (110 mg, 0.72 mmol) were dissolved in a mixed solvent of dry-CH 2 Cl 2 (10 mL) and dry-DMF (5 mL). After cooling the inside of the system to 0 ° C, EDCI (127 mL, 0.72 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 32 hours. After completion of the reaction, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 4: 1). (400.8 mg, 83%)
Yellow oil; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.46 (s, 2H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.28-5.00 (m, 2H), 4.40 (s) , 1H), 4.04 (s, 1H), 3.54-3.39 (m, 4H), 2.07-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.25-1.22 (m, 2H); 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 135.49, 132.62-121.46, 118.53-108.00, 68.59, 67.76, 51.64, 27.82, 27.29, 20.91; 19 F NMR (466 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ -125.73--126.58 (2F), -123.10--123.70 (2F) ), -122.44--122.98 (2F), -121.15--122.35 (6F), -113.92--114.84 (2F), -80.56--80.89 (3F), -62.40--3.58 (6F); HRMS (FAB +) ) m / z calcd for C 32 H 24 O 6 N 2 F 23 S 1001.0988, found: 1001.0948.

(2S,4R)-N-((3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamideの合成 (2S, 4R) -N-((3,5-Bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9) , 10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) Synthesis of pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

Benzyl(2S,4R)-2-(((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)carbamoyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (379.0 mg, 0.38 mmol) を MeOH (6 mL) に溶かし、5% 担持 Pd/C (161.76 mg, 0.076 mmol) を加えた後、H2 置換して室温で 17 時間撹拌した。MeOH を用いてセライトろ過を行い、濾液を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ジクロロメタン : メタノール = 19 : 1) によって精製した。(286.3 mg, 88%)
Yellow solid; m.p. 103.8-104.9 °C; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.39 (s, 2H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 4.51 (m, 1H), 4.20 (s, 1H), 3.62-3.46 (m, 4H), 2.59 (m, 1H), 2.18-2.02 (m, 3H), 1.85-1.71 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl3); δ 173.17, 146.40, 131.56-124.56, 77.88, 67.12, 61.10, 50.86, 35.09, 27.23, 20.36; 19F NMR (466 MHz, CDCl3); δ -127.19 (2F), -124.33 (2F), -123.65 (2F), -122.44--123.01 (6F), -115.33 (2F), -82.28 (3F), -64.32 (5F); HRMS (FAB+) m/z calcd for C24H18O4N2F23S 867.0620, found: 867.0625.
Benzyl (2S, 4R) -2-(((3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) carbide) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8) , 9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (379.0 mg, 0.38 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (6 mL) and 5% supported Pd / C (161.76 mg, After adding 0.076 mmol), the mixture was replaced with H 2 and stirred at room temperature for 17 hours. Celite filtration was performed using MeOH and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (dichloromethane: methanol = 19: 1). (286.3 mg, 88%)
Yellow solid; mp 103.8-104.9 ° C; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.39 (s, 2H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 4.51 (m, 1H), 4.20 (s, 1H), 3.62-3.46 (m, 4H), 2.59 (m, 1H), 2.18-2.02 (m, 3H), 1.85-1.71 (m, 2H); 13 C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 173.17, 146.40, 131.56-124.56, 77.88, 67.12, 61.10, 50.86, 35.09, 27.23, 20.36; 19 F NMR (466 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ -127.19 (2F), -124.33 (2F), -123.65 (2F), -122.44 --123.01 (6F), -115.33 (2F), -82.28 (3F), -64.32 (5F); HRMS (FAB +) m / z calcd for C 24 H 18 O 4 N 2 F 23 S 867.0620, found: 867.0625 ..

<プロリン触媒(2)の合成>
以下に、プロリン触媒(1)の合成スキームを示し、次に、それぞれの化合物の合成方法を順追って記載する。
<Synthesis of proline catalyst (2)>
The synthesis scheme of the proline catalyst (1) is shown below, and then the synthesis method of each compound is described step by step.

(2S,4R)-1-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(undecyloxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidの合成
Synthesis of (2S, 4R) -1-((Benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4- (undecyloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

三ツ口フラスコに (2S,4R)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (999.6 mg, 3.8 mmol) を量りとり、窒素置換した後に dry-DMF (10 mL) を加えた。系内を 0 °C まで冷却した後、水素化ナトリウム (565.5 mg, 9.4 mmol) を 2 回に分けて加え、室温まで昇温して 15 分間攪拌した。系内に 1-ヨードウンデカン (2.2 mL, 9.8 mmol) を滴下した後、還流条件下で 4 日間撹拌した。反応終了後、H2O を加え、さらに 1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (酢酸エチル : メタノール = 20 : 1) によって精製した。(1238.3 mg, 78%)
Yellow Oil; 1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δ = 7.36 (s, 5H), 5.12-5.19 (s, 2H), 4.49-4.55 (s, 1H), 4.06-4.14 (s,1H), 3.57-3.67 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.05-2.38 (m, 2H), 1.52 (s, 2H), 1.26 (s, 16H), 0.85 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).
Weigh (2S, 4R) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (999.6 mg, 3.8 mmol) into a three-necked flask, replace with nitrogen, and add dry-DMF (10 mL). It was. After cooling the inside of the system to 0 ° C, sodium hydride (565.5 mg, 9.4 mmol) was added in two portions, the temperature was raised to room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. 1-Iodoundecane (2.2 mL, 9.8 mmol) was added dropwise to the system, and the mixture was stirred under reflux conditions for 4 days. After completion of the reaction, H 2 O was added, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol = 20: 1). (1238.3 mg, 78%)
Yellow Oil; 1 H NMR (270MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ = 7.36 (s, 5H), 5.12-5.19 (s, 2H), 4.49-4.55 (s, 1H), 4.06-4.14 (s, 1H), 3.57- 3.67 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.05-2.38 (m, 2H), 1.52 (s, 2H), 1.26 (s, 16H), 0.85 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H) ..

Benzyl (2S,4R)-2-(((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)carbamoyl)-4-(undecyloxy)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateの合成 Synthesis of Benzyl (2S, 4R) -2-(((3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) carbamoyl) -4- (undecyloxy) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

N2 雰囲気下にて、(2S,4R)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(undecyloxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (303.3 mg, 0.72 mmol)、3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide (313.2 mg, 1.07 mmol)、DMAP (29.1 mg, 0.18 mmol)、および HOBt (163.1 mg, 1.07 mmol) を dry-CH2Cl2(10 mL) と dry-DMF (5 mL) の混合溶媒に溶かした。系内を 0 °C に冷却した後、EDCI (148 μL, 1.07 mmol) を滴下し、20 分間撹拌した。さらに室温で 28 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出を行った。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン : 酢酸エチル = 3 : 1) によって精製した。(63.9 mg, 64%)
Yellow Oil; 1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δ = 8.53 (s,2H), 8.11(s, 1H), 7.34(s, 5H), 5.11-5.22 (s, 2H), 4.37-4.42 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.37-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.03-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.51 (t, 2H), 1.25 (s, 16H), 0.85 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).
Under N 2 atmosphere, (2S, 4R) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4- (undecyloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (303.3 mg, 0.72 mmol), 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide Dissolve (313.2 mg, 1.07 mmol), DMAP (29.1 mg, 0.18 mmol), and HOBt (163.1 mg, 1.07 mmol) in a mixed solvent of dry-CH 2 Cl 2 (10 mL) and dry-DMF (5 mL). It was. After cooling the inside of the system to 0 ° C, EDCI (148 μL, 1.07 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 28 hours. After completion of the reaction, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 3: 1). (63.9 mg, 64%)
Yellow Oil; 1 H NMR (270MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ = 8.53 (s, 2H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.34 (s, 5H), 5.11-5.22 (s, 2H), 4.37-4.42 (m, 1H), 3.99-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.37-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.03-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.46- 1.51 (t, 2H), 1.25 (s, 16H), 0.85 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).

(2S,4R)-N-((3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)-4-(undecyloxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamideの合成 Synthesis of (2S, 4R) -N-((3,5-Bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) -4- (undecyloxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

Benzyl (2S,4R)-2-(((3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)carbamoyl)-4-(undecyloxy)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (50.0 mg, 0.07 mmol) を MeOH (600 μL) に溶かし、10% 担持 Pd/C (8.3 mg, 0.007 mmol) を加えた後、H2 置換して室温で 22 時間撹拌した。MeOH を用いてセライトろ過を行い、濾液を減圧濃縮した。(27.6 mg, 68%)
Yellow Oil; 1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δ =8.42 (s, 2H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 4.17 (s, 1H), 3.64-3.35 (m, 4H), 3.09 (s, 1H), 2.68-2.21 (m, 2H), 1.98 (s,2H), 1.53-1.51 (m,2H), 1.25 (s,16H), 0.80 (t, J = 6.5, 3H).
Benzyl (2S, 4R) -2-(((3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) carbamoyl) -4- (undecyloxy) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (50.0 mg, 0.07 mmol) in MeOH (600 μL) After adding 10% carrying Pd / C (8.3 mg, 0.007 mmol), the mixture was substituted with H 2 and stirred at room temperature for 22 hours. Celite filtration was performed using MeOH and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. (27.6 mg, 68%)
Yellow Oil; 1 H NMR (270MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ = 8.42 (s, 2H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 4.17 (s, 1H), 3.64-3.35 (m, 4H), 3.09 (s, 1H) , 2.68-2.21 (m, 2H), 1.98 (s, 2H), 1.53-1.51 (m, 2H), 1.25 (s, 16H), 0.80 (t, J = 6.5, 3H).

<プロリン触媒(3)の合成>
(2S,4R)-1-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acidの合成
<Synthesis of proline catalyst (3)>
(2S, 4R) -1-((Benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4- ((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11) , 11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) Synthesis of pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

三ツ口フラスコに (2S,4R)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (506.4 mg,1.9 mmol) を量りとり、窒素置換した後に dry-DMF (1 mL) を加えた。系内を 0 °C まで冷却した後、水素化ナトリウム (333.3 mg, 5.6 mmol) を 2 回に分けて加え、室温まで昇温して 15 分間攪拌した。系内にDMF (1 mL) に溶かした 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-heptadecafluoro-11-iodoundecane (2.2 mL, 9.8 mmol) を滴下した後、室温で 90 分間撹拌した。反応終了後、H2O を加え、さらに 1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、ジエチルエーテルで 3 回抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン : 酢酸エチル = 3 : 1) によって精製した。(631.8 mg, 46%)
Yellow oil; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 7.31-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.22-5.08 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.09 (t, J = 3.3 Hz, 1H), 3.71-3.46 (m, 4H), 2.25-2.08 (m, 4H), 1.85-1.61 (m, 2H).
Weigh (2S, 4R) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (506.4 mg, 1.9 mmol) into a three-necked flask, replace with nitrogen, and then add dry-DMF (1 mL). It was. After cooling the inside of the system to 0 ° C, sodium hydride (333.3 mg, 5.6 mmol) was added in two portions, the temperature was raised to room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-heptadecafluoro-11-iodoundecane dissolved in DMF (1 mL) in the system After dropping (2.2 mL, 9.8 mmol), the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 90 minutes. After completion of the reaction, H 2 O was added, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with diethyl ether. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 3: 1). (631.8 mg, 46%)
Yellow oil; 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 7.31-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.22-5.08 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.09 (t, J = 3.3 Hz) , 1H), 3.71-3.46 (m, 4H), 2.25-2.08 (m, 4H), 1.85-1.61 (m, 2H).

4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamideの合成 Synthesis of 4- (Trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide

4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyl chloride (500 mg, 2.04 mmol) をH2O (3.2 mL) に溶かした後、25% アンモニア水 (785 μL, 20.4 mmol) を加えて、100 °C で 2 時間撹拌した。減圧濃縮した後、得られた粗生成物に 1N HCl aq. を加え、生じた沈殿物を吸引ろ過により回収した。(386.0 mg, 84%)
White Solid; m.p. 166 -170 °C; 1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δ = 8.04-8.07 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 7.57-7.59 (d, J = 5.4, 2H), 4.93 (s, 2H).
4- (Trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonyl chloride (500 mg, 2.04 mmol) was dissolved in H 2 O (3.2 mL), 25% aqueous ammonia (785 μL, 20.4 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C for 2 hours. .. After concentration under reduced pressure, 1N HCl aq. Was added to the obtained crude product, and the resulting precipitate was collected by suction filtration. (386.0 mg, 84%)
White Solid; mp 166 -170 ° C; 1 1 H NMR (270MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ = 8.04-8.07 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 7.57-7.59 (d, J = 5.4, 2H), 4.93 (s , 2H).

Benzyl (2S,4R)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)-2-(((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylateの合成 Benzyl (2S, 4R) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy)- Synthesis of 2-(((4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) carbamoyl) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

N2 雰囲気下にて、(2S, 4R)-1-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (93.2 mg, 0.13 mmol)、4-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide (27.2 mg, 0.12 mmol)、および DMAP (46.1 mg, 0.38 mmol) を tBuOH (500 μL) と 1,2-C2H4Cl2 (500 μL) の混合溶媒に溶かした。室温で EDCI (56 μL, 0.32 mmol) を滴下し、28 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、1N HCl aq. を用いて系内を pH 1-2 に調製した後、酢酸エチルで 3 回抽出を行った。有機層を飽和食塩水で 3 回洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン : 酢酸エチル = 1 : 3) によって精製した。(56 mg, 47%)
Yellow oil: 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.14 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (s, 5H), 5.21 (s, 2H), 4.39 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (t, J = 4.9 1H), 3.62-3.44 (m, 4H), 2.10-1.81 (m, 4H), 0.88 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H).
Under N 2 atmosphere, (2S, 4R) -1-((benzyloxy) carbonyl) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9, 10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (93.2 mg, 0.13 mmol), 4- (trifluoromethyl) benzenesulfonamide (27.2 mg, 0.12 mmol), and DMAP (46.1 mg, 0.38 mmol) ) Was dissolved in a mixed solvent of t BuOH (500 μL) and 1,2-C 2 H 4 Cl 2 (500 μL). EDCI (56 μL, 0.32 mmol) was added dropwise at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 28 hours. After completion of the reaction, the pH of the system was adjusted to 1-2 using 1N HCl aq., And the mixture was extracted 3 times with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed 3 times with saturated brine, dehydrated and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 1: 3). (56 mg, 47%)
Yellow oil: 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.14 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (s, 5H), 5.21 (s, 2H), 4.39 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (t, J = 4.9 1H), 3.62-3.44 (m, 4H), 2.10-1.81 (m, 4H), 0.88 (t, J = 7.3) Hz, 2H).

(2S,4R)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)-N-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamideの合成 (2S, 4R) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy) -N -Synthesis of ((4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide

benzyl (2S,4R)-4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl)oxy)-2-(((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (56 mg, 0.06 mmol) を MeOH (1.5 mL) に溶かし、5% 担持 Pd/C (257.6 mg, 0.12 mmol) を加えた後、H2 置換して 50 °C で 15.5 時間撹拌した。MeOH を用いてセライトろ過を行い、濾液を減圧濃縮した。(31.9 mg, 67%)
Yellow Oil; 1H NMR (270MHz, CDCl3) δ = 8.12-8.05 (m, 2H), 7.80-7.65 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.76-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.48-3.40 (m, 4H), 2.87 (s, 1H), 2.45-2.41 (m,1H), 2.14-2.05 (m, 3H), 1.83-1.81 (m, 2H).
benzyl (2S, 4R) -4-((4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundecyl) oxy)- 2-(((4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) sulfonyl) palladiumyl) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (56 mg, 0.06 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (1.5 mL) and 5% supported Pd / C (257.6 mg, 0.12 mmol). After addition, H 2 was substituted and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C for 15.5 hours. Celite filtration was performed using MeOH and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. (31.9 mg, 67%)
Yellow Oil; 1 H NMR (270MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ = 8.12-8.05 (m, 2H), 7.80-7.65 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.76-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.48-3.40 (m, 4H), 2.87 (s, 1H), 2.45-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.14-2.05 (m, 3H), 1.83-1.81 (m, 2H).

<対照プロリン触媒(1)の合成>
以下に示す対照プロリン触媒(1)は、非特許文献3(Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1141.)に準じて、2位のスルホンアミド部位を構築し、通常のSN2反応を利用して4位のアルキル化を実施した。
<Synthesis of control proline catalyst (1)>
The control proline catalyst (1) shown below has a sulfonamide site at the 2-position constructed according to Non-Patent Document 3 (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1141.), And utilizes a normal SN2 reaction. Alkylation at the 4-position was carried out.

<対照プロリン触媒(2)の合成>
以下に示す対照プロリン触媒(2)は、非特許文献4(Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14, 139.)に準じて合成した。
<Synthesis of control proline catalyst (2)>
The control proline catalyst (2) shown below was synthesized according to Non-Patent Document 4 (Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2003, 14, 139.).

本実施例では、合成したプロリン触媒(1)〜(3)でアルドール反応を実施した。 In this example, the aldol reaction was carried out with the synthesized proline catalysts (1) to (3).

<プロリン触媒(1)を用いたアルドール反応>
2-(Hydroxy(4-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclohexan-1-oneの合成
<Aldol reaction using proline catalyst (1)>
Synthesis of 2- (Hydroxy (4-nitrophenyl) methyl) cyclohexan-1-one

プロリン触媒(1)(5.6 mg, 0.0065 mmol) に H2O (0.66 mL)、シクロヘキサノン (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol)、およびニトロベンズアルデヒド (100.3 mg, 0.66 mmol) を加え、23 °C で168 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、減圧濃縮して得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン : 酢酸エチル = 3 : 1) によって精製した (132.7 mg, 81%)。syn 体と anti 体の生成比は粗生成物の 1H NMR より算出した(anti 体 : syn 体 = 100 : 0)。anti 体のエナンチオマー過剰率は HPLC によって算出した (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex : iPrOH = 96 : 4, 1.0 mL/min, >99%ee)。
white solid; m.p. 97.7-98.8 °C; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).
H 2 O (0.66 mL), cyclohexanone (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol), and nitrobenzaldehyde (100.3 mg, 0.66 mmol) were added to the proline catalyst (1) (5.6 mg, 0.0065 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C for 168 hours. did. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by concentration under reduced pressure was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 3: 1) (132.7 mg, 81%). The production ratio of syn-form and anti-form was calculated by 1 H NMR of the crude product (anti-form: syn-form = 100: 0). The enantiomeric excess of the anti form was calculated by HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex: i PrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 mL / min,> 99% ee).
white solid; mp 97.7-98.8 ° C; 1 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz , 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).

2-(Hydroxy(4-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclohexan-1-oneの合成 Synthesis of 2- (Hydroxy (4-nitrophenyl) methyl) cyclohexan-1-one

プロリン触媒(1)(5.6 mg, 0.0065 mmol) に THF (0.66 mL)、シクロヘキサノン (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol)、およびニトロベンズアルデヒド (100.3 mg, 0.66 mmol) を加え、23 °Cので 96 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、減圧濃縮して得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン : 酢酸エチル = 3 : 1) によって精製した (143.9 mg, 87%)。syn 体と anti 体の生成比は粗生成物の 1H NMR より算出した(anti 体 : syn 体 = 100 : 0)。anti 体のエナンチオマー過剰率は HPLC によって算出した (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex : iPrOH = 96 : 4, 1.0 mL/min, >99%ee)。
white solid; m.p. 97.7-98.8 °C; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).
THF (0.66 mL), cyclohexanone (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol), and nitrobenzaldehyde (100.3 mg, 0.66 mmol) were added to the proline catalyst (1) (5.6 mg, 0.0065 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C for 96 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by concentration under reduced pressure was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 3: 1) (143.9 mg, 87%). The production ratio of syn-form and anti-form was calculated by 1 H NMR of the crude product (anti-form: syn-form = 100: 0). The enantiomeric excess of the anti form was calculated by HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex: i PrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 mL / min,> 99% ee).
white solid; mp 97.7-98.8 ° C; 1 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz , 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).

2-(Hydroxy(4-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclohexan-1-oneの合成 Synthesis of 2- (Hydroxy (4-nitrophenyl) methyl) cyclohexan-1-one

プロリン触媒(1)(5.6 mg, 0.0065 mmol) に toluene (0.66 mL)、シクロヘキサノン (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol)、およびニトロベンズアルデヒド (100.1 mg, 0.66 mmol) を加え、23 °Cで 120 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、減圧濃縮して得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン: 酢酸エチル = 3 : 1) によって精製した (152.0 mg, 92%)。syn 体と anti 体の生成比は粗生成物の 1H NMR より算出した(anti 体 : syn 体 = 97 : 3)。anti 体のエナンチオマー過剰率は HPLC によって算出した (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex : iPrOH = 96 : 4, 1.0 mL/min, >99%ee)。
white solid; m.p. 97.7-98.8 °C; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).
Toluene (0.66 mL), cyclohexanone (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol), and nitrobenzaldehyde (100.1 mg, 0.66 mmol) were added to proline catalyst (1) (5.6 mg, 0.0065 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C for 120 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by concentration under reduced pressure was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 3: 1) (152.0 mg, 92%). The production ratio of syn form and anti form was calculated by 1 H NMR of the crude product (anti form: syn form = 97: 3). The enantiomeric excess of the anti form was calculated by HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex: i PrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 mL / min,> 99% ee).
white solid; mp 97.7-98.8 ° C; 1 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz , 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).

2-(Hydroxy(4-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclohexan-1-oneの合成 Synthesis of 2- (Hydroxy (4-nitrophenyl) methyl) cyclohexan-1-one

プロリン触媒(1)(56.3 mg, 0.065 mmol) に toluene (0.66 mL)、シクロヘキサノン (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol)、およびニトロベンズアルデヒド (100.7 mg, 0.66 mmol) を加え、23 °C で 24 時間撹拌した。反応終了後、減圧濃縮して得られた残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー (ヘキサン: 酢酸エチル = 3 : 1) によって精製した (155.4 mg, 94%)。syn 体と anti 体の生成比は粗生成物の 1H NMR より算出した(anti 体 : syn 体 = 97 : 3)。anti 体のエナンチオマー過剰率は HPLC によって算出した (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex : iPrOH = 96 : 4, 1.0 mL/min, >99%ee)。
white solid; m.p. 97.7-98.8 °C; 1H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl3); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz, 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).
Toluene (0.66 mL), cyclohexanone (683.5 μL, 6.6 mmol), and nitrobenzaldehyde (100.7 mg, 0.66 mmol) were added to proline catalyst (1) (56.3 mg, 0.065 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the residue obtained by concentration under reduced pressure was purified by column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate = 3: 1) (155.4 mg, 94%). The production ratio of syn form and anti form was calculated by 1 H NMR of the crude product (anti form: syn form = 97: 3). The enantiomeric excess of the anti form was calculated by HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex: i PrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 mL / min,> 99% ee).
white solid; mp 97.7-98.8 ° C; 1 1 H NMR (270 MHz, CDCl 3 ); δ 8.23-8.19 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 2H), 4.91 (dd, J = 2.7, 8.1 Hz , 1H), 4.13 (d, J = 3.0 Hz, 1H), 2.66-2.31 (m, 3H), 2.16-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.23 (m, 5H).

<プロリン触媒(2)を用いたアルドール反応>
2-(Hydroxy(4-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclohexan-1-oneの合成
<Aldol reaction using proline catalyst (2)>
Synthesis of 2- (Hydroxy (4-nitrophenyl) methyl) cyclohexan-1-one

プロリン触媒(2)(9.7 mg, 0.017 mmol) に toluene (180 μL)、シクロヘキサノン (170 μL, 1.7 mmol)、ニトロベンズアルデヒド (26.1 mg, 0.17 mmol) を加え、室温で 24 時間撹拌した。減圧濃縮して得られた残渣を 1H NMR 測定することにより、変換率および syn 体と anti 体の生成比を算出した (変換率 = 99%, anti 体 : syn 体 = 100 : 0)。anti 体のエナンチオマー過剰率は HPLC によって算出した (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex : iPrOH = 96 : 4, 1.0 mL/min, >99%ee)。 Toluene (180 μL), cyclohexanone (170 μL, 1.7 mmol) and nitrobenzaldehyde (26.1 mg, 0.17 mmol) were added to proline catalyst (2) (9.7 mg, 0.017 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The conversion rate and the syn-form to anti-form formation ratio were calculated by 1 H NMR measurement of the residue obtained by concentration under reduced pressure (conversion rate = 99%, anti-form: syn-form = 100: 0). The enantiomeric excess of the anti form was calculated by HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex: i PrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 mL / min,> 99% ee).

2-(Hydroxy(4-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclohexan-1-oneの合成 Synthesis of 2- (Hydroxy (4-nitrophenyl) methyl) cyclohexan-1-one

プロリン触媒(2) (7.4 mg, 0.009 mmol) に toluene (93 μL)、シクロヘキサノン (96 μL, 0.9 mmol)、ニトロベンズアルデヒド (14.6 mg, 0.09 mmol) を加え、室温で 24 時間撹拌した。減圧濃縮して得られた残渣を 1H NMR 測定することにより、変換率および syn 体と anti 体の生成比を算出した (変換率 = 67%, anti 体 : syn 体 = 94 : 6)。anti 体のエナンチオマー過剰率は HPLC によって算出した (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex : iPrOH = 96 : 4, 1.0 mL/min, 91%ee)。 Toluene (93 μL), cyclohexanone (96 μL, 0.9 mmol) and nitrobenzaldehyde (14.6 mg, 0.09 mmol) were added to proline catalyst (2) (7.4 mg, 0.009 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. The conversion rate and the production ratio of syn-form and anti-form were calculated by 1 H NMR measurement of the residue obtained by concentration under reduced pressure (conversion rate = 67%, anti-form: syn-form = 94: 6). The enantiomeric excess of the anti form was calculated by HPLC (Daicel Chiralpak IB + OD-3 column, hex: i PrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 mL / min, 91% ee).

なお、対照プロリン触媒(1)及び(2)についても、非特許文献3(Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1141.)に準じて、実施例と同様の基質についてアルドール反応を実施した。 Regarding the control proline catalysts (1) and (2), the aldol reaction was carried out on the same substrate as in the examples according to Non-Patent Document 3 (Adv. Synth. Catal. 2004, 346, 1141.).

プロリン触媒(1)〜(3)及び対照プロリン触媒(1)〜(2)の結果を以下に示す。 The results of the proline catalysts (1) to (3) and the control proline catalysts (1) to (2) are shown below.

なお、*は1H NMRによる結果であり、**は、キラルHPLC(Daicel Chiralpack
IB+OD-3 カラム、Hex:iPrOH=96:4、1.0ml/min)による測定結果である。
* Is the result by 1 H NMR, and ** is the result of chiral HPLC (Daicel Chiralpack).
IB + OD-3 column, Hex: iPrOH = 96: 4, 1.0 ml / min).

表1に示すように、プロリン触媒(1)〜(3)によれば、極めて高い光学活性アンチ型のβ−ヒドロキシ化合物を合成することができるとともに、高い収率も同時に得ることができる。 As shown in Table 1, according to the proline catalysts (1) to (3), an extremely high optically active anti-type β-hydroxy compound can be synthesized, and a high yield can be obtained at the same time.

Claims (9)

以下の式(1)で表されるプロリン誘導体若しくはその鏡像体であるプロリン誘導体又はその塩である、有機分子触媒。
(R1は、第1のフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を有する第1の置換基を表し、R2は、第2のフルオラス基を有する第2の置換基を表す。)
An organomolecular catalyst which is a proline derivative represented by the following formula (1) or a proline derivative which is an enantiomer thereof or a salt thereof.
(R 1 represents a first substituent having a first fluorous group or a hydrocarbon group, and R 2 represents a second substituent having a second fluorolas group.)
前記第1のフルオラス基は、炭素数が4〜16のポリフルオロオロアルキル基である、請求項1に記載の有機分子触媒。 The organomolecular catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the first fluorous group is a polyfluorooloalkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms. 前記ポリフルオロアルキル基は、パーフルオロアルキル基である、請求項2に記載の有機分子触媒。 The organic molecular catalyst according to claim 2, wherein the polyfluoroalkyl group is a perfluoroalkyl group. 前記第1の置換基は、アルキレン基を介して、ピロリジン骨格の4位に導入される前記第1のフルオラス基又は炭化水素基を備えている、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒。 The organic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first substituent comprises the first fluorous group or hydrocarbon group introduced at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton via an alkylene group. Molecular catalyst. 前記第2のフルオラス基は、炭素数1〜4のポリフルオロアルキル基である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒。 The organic molecular catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second fluorous group is a polyfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 前記ポリフルオロアルキル基は、パーフルオロアルキル基である、請求項5に記載の有機分子触媒。 The organomolecular catalyst according to claim 5, wherein the polyfluoroalkyl group is a perfluoroalkyl group. 前記第2の置換基は、ピロリジン骨格の2位の炭素原子に結合するカルボニル炭素に結合する窒素原子を含むスルホンアミド部分を介して前記第2のフルオラス基を備える、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒。 Any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second substituent comprises the second fluorus group via a sulfonamide moiety containing a nitrogen atom attached to a carbonyl carbon attached to a carbon atom at the 2-position of the pyrrolidine skeleton. The organic molecular catalyst described in carbon. 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の有機分子触媒を用いて、α水素を有するカルボニル化合物とケトン又はアルデヒドとのアルドール反応を行ってβ−ヒドロキシ化合物を合成する工程を備える、β−ヒドロキシ化合物製造方法。 A β-hydroxy compound comprising a step of synthesizing a β-hydroxy compound by performing an aldol reaction between a carbonyl compound having α hydrogen and a ketone or an aldehyde using the organic molecular catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Production method. 前記α水素を有するカルボニル化合物は、ニトロ基を有する、請求項7又は8に記載の製造方法。 The production method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the carbonyl compound having α hydrogen has a nitro group.
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