JP2020098163A - Starting torque measurement method of bearing device - Google Patents

Starting torque measurement method of bearing device Download PDF

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JP2020098163A
JP2020098163A JP2018236833A JP2018236833A JP2020098163A JP 2020098163 A JP2020098163 A JP 2020098163A JP 2018236833 A JP2018236833 A JP 2018236833A JP 2018236833 A JP2018236833 A JP 2018236833A JP 2020098163 A JP2020098163 A JP 2020098163A
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bearing
starting torque
hub
ring
torque
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良雄 神谷
Yoshio Kamiya
良雄 神谷
達男 若林
Tatsuo Wakabayashi
達男 若林
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2229/00—Setting preload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

To accurately measure the preload applied to a bearing device without being affected by a moment of inertia of a bearing ring to be rotated and started.SOLUTION: A bearing device includes: one bearing ring having one locus; the other bearing ring having the other locus; and a rolling element disposed between the one locus and the other locus. A torque meter is connected to the one bearing ring existing in a static state, the other bearing ring is rotated and started, and the starting torque of the bearing device is measured. The preload of the bearing device is determined by converting the starting torque.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、軸受装置、特に自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持するハブユニット軸受における、起動トルク測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for measuring a starting torque in a bearing device, particularly a hub unit bearing that rotatably supports an automobile wheel with respect to a suspension device.

自動車の車輪を回転自在に支持するブユニット軸受においては、路面反力として負荷される荷重がモーメント荷重である為、軸受寿命と軸受剛性を考慮して、適切な予圧が付与されている。ハブユニット軸受の予圧荷重を測定する場合、代用特性として起動トルクを測定し、その起動トルクの値を予圧荷重に換算する方法が一般的に用いられている。 In a unit bearing that rotatably supports the wheels of an automobile, a load applied as a road surface reaction force is a moment load, so an appropriate preload is applied in consideration of bearing life and bearing rigidity. When measuring the preload of the hub unit bearing, a method of measuring the starting torque as a substitute characteristic and converting the value of the starting torque into the preload is generally used.

図３は、特許文献１に記載された、ハブユニット軸受の起動トルクを測定する方法の従来構成を示している。ハブユニット軸受１は、内周面に複列の外輪軌道６、６を有する外輪２と、外周面に複列の内輪軌道８、８を有するハブ輪３と、複列の外輪軌道６、６と複列の内輪軌道８、８との間にそれぞれ複数個ずつ転動自在に配置された玉４と、を備えている。駆動輪用であるハブユニット軸受１は、ハブ輪３の径方向中央部に、駆動軸を結合する為のスプライン孔１０を有している。
転動体として玉４を使用したハブユニット軸受１の場合、複列に構成された各玉列は、背面（ＤＢ）組み合わせ型の接触角により予圧が付与されて、複列アンギュラ玉軸受を形成している。この様な構成により、ハブユニット軸受１は、モーメント荷重に対する剛性を高めて、自動車の操縦安定性を向上させている。 FIG. 3 shows a conventional configuration of the method for measuring the starting torque of the hub unit bearing described in Patent Document 1. The hub unit bearing 1 includes an outer ring 2 having double row outer ring raceways 6 and 6 on an inner peripheral surface, a hub wheel 3 having double row inner ring raceways 8 and 8 on an outer peripheral surface, and double row outer ring races 6 and 6. And a plurality of balls 4 each rotatably arranged between the inner ring raceways 8 and 8 of the double row. The hub unit bearing 1 for the drive wheel has a spline hole 10 for connecting the drive shaft at the center of the hub wheel 3 in the radial direction.
In the case of the hub unit bearing 1 using the balls 4 as rolling elements, each row of balls configured in a double row is preloaded by the contact angle of the back (DB) combination type to form a double row angular ball bearing. ing. With such a configuration, the hub unit bearing 1 enhances the rigidity against a moment load and improves the steering stability of the automobile.

特許文献１は、ハブユニット軸受１を縦置きした状態で、外輪２の外周面に設けられた静止フランジ７に回転体２０を載置している。そして、回転体２０を静止フランジ７に形成された取付孔１８に係合させて回転させることにより、トルク測定器２１による安定した起動トルクの測定を可能としている。 In Patent Document 1, in a state in which the hub unit bearing 1 is placed vertically, the rotating body 20 is placed on the stationary flange 7 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 2. Then, by engaging the rotating body 20 with the mounting hole 18 formed in the stationary flange 7 and rotating the rotating body 20, the torque measuring device 21 can stably measure the starting torque.

しかしながら、上述した起動トルクの測定方法により得られた測定値は、測定誤差を含む可能性がある。即ち、アンギュラ玉軸受の起動トルクは、玉と各軌道の接触面におけるスピン摩擦によるトルクが大部分であり、接触面の滑り摩擦係数や転動体荷重などを変数とする式から求められる。この式には回転速度に関する変数はないので、本来、測定に使用される回転体２０の回転速度は測定誤差の要因にはならない。しかし、図３の測定方法の場合、トルク測定器２１により起動トルクを測定する軌道輪（外輪２）と、回転体２０により回転起動される軌道輪（外輪２）が同一である為、トルク測定器２１により測定されるトルクには、純粋な起動トルクの他に、慣性モーメントを有する外輪２及び回転体２０に角速度を与えるためのトルクが加算されている。そして、外輪２の慣性モーメントが大きいほど、外輪２（軌道輪）を回転させる為のトルクが大きくなり、測定誤差が大きくなる。更に、外輪２に加えて回転体２０が回転する図３の構成の場合、回転体２０が有する慣性モーメントが、トルクの測定値に影響を与える。 However, the measurement value obtained by the above-described starting torque measurement method may include a measurement error. That is, most of the starting torque of the angular ball bearing is the torque due to the spin friction on the contact surface between the ball and each raceway, and it is obtained from an equation having variables such as the sliding friction coefficient of the contact surface and the rolling element load. Since there is no variable relating to the rotation speed in this equation, the rotation speed of the rotating body 20 used for the measurement originally does not cause a measurement error. However, in the case of the measurement method of FIG. 3, since the bearing ring (outer ring 2) whose starting torque is measured by the torque measuring instrument 21 and the bearing ring (outer ring 2) rotationally activated by the rotating body 20 are the same, torque measurement is performed. In addition to pure starting torque, torque for giving angular velocity to the outer ring 2 and the rotating body 20 having a moment of inertia is added to the torque measured by the device 21. The larger the moment of inertia of the outer ring 2 is, the larger the torque for rotating the outer ring 2 (orbital ring) is, and the larger the measurement error is. Furthermore, in the case of the configuration of FIG. 3 in which the rotating body 20 rotates in addition to the outer ring 2, the moment of inertia of the rotating body 20 affects the torque measurement value.

特開２００６−０５２８０１号公報JP, 2006-052801, A

回転体２０を使用しない起動トルクの測定方法として、図４（ａ）（ｂ）に示す測定方法が考えられる。図４（ａ）に示すハブユニット軸受１ａは従動輪用であり、ハブ輪３ａは、中実体（図３のスプライン孔１０が形成されていない）であるハブ本体１３と、ハブ本体１３の小径段部１５に外嵌固定された内輪１４とにより構成されている。加締め部１６により内輪１４の軸方向端面を抑え付けることにより、複列の外輪軌道６と複列の内輪軌道８との間に配置された複列の玉４に対して予圧が付与されている。ハブ本体１３に形成された回転フランジ９には、複数のハブボルト１７が圧入固定されている。各玉４が配置されたハブユニット軸受１ａの内部空間１１は、軸方向両端部を、各密封装置１２ａ，１２ｂによりそれぞれ密封されている。 As a measuring method of the starting torque without using the rotating body 20, the measuring method shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B can be considered. The hub unit bearing 1a shown in FIG. 4A is for a driven wheel, and the hub ring 3a has a hub body 13 that is a solid body (the spline hole 10 of FIG. 3 is not formed) and a small diameter of the hub body 13. The inner ring 14 is externally fitted and fixed to the step portion 15. By pressing the axial end surface of the inner ring 14 by the caulking portion 16, a preload is applied to the double-row balls 4 arranged between the double-row outer ring raceway 6 and the double-row inner ring raceway 8. There is. A plurality of hub bolts 17 are press-fitted and fixed to the rotary flange 9 formed on the hub body 13. The inner space 11 of the hub unit bearing 1a in which the balls 4 are arranged has both axial ends sealed by respective sealing devices 12a and 12b.

起動トルクを測定する場合、固定台２３に取付孔１８を係合させた状態で、外輪２の静止フランジ７を固定台２３の上に設置する。ハブ輪３ａに固定されたハブボルト１７に紐２２の一端を係止し、紐２２の他端をプッシュプルゲージなどのトルク測定器２１ａに係止させた状態で、トルク測定器２１ａをハブ輪３ａの接線方向に引く。そして、ハブ輪３ａの回転起動時（矢印Ｂ）の接線力を測定し、測定半径を乗じて起動トルク値とする。本測定方法の場合、上述した図３に対して回転体２０の慣性モーメントの影響を排除して、起動トルクの測定精度を高めることができる。
ただし、回転するハブ輪３ａの慣性モーメントの影響は排除できず、起動トルクの測定値の誤差要因となっている。また、図４に示した従動輪用のハブユニット軸受１ａの場合、ハブ輪３ａは中実体であり、図３に示した駆動輪用のハブユニット軸受１よりも慣性モーメントの影響が大きい。
また、ハブ輪３ａに係止する紐２２は、慣性は極めて小さいが、その長さや、係止方法、紐の伸び（エネルギの溜め）などが、上記接線力（起動トルク）の測定誤差に繋がる可能性がある。 When measuring the starting torque, the stationary flange 7 of the outer ring 2 is set on the fixed base 23 with the mounting hole 18 engaged with the fixed base 23. With the hub bolt 17 fixed to the hub wheel 3a, one end of the string 22 is locked, and the other end of the string 22 is locked to the torque measuring device 21a such as a push-pull gauge. In the tangential direction of. Then, the tangential force at the time of starting rotation of the hub wheel 3a (arrow B) is measured and multiplied by the measurement radius to obtain the starting torque value. In the case of this measuring method, the influence of the moment of inertia of the rotating body 20 can be eliminated with respect to FIG. 3 described above, and the measurement accuracy of the starting torque can be improved.
However, the influence of the moment of inertia of the rotating hub wheel 3a cannot be eliminated, which causes an error in the measured value of the starting torque. Further, in the case of the driven wheel hub unit bearing 1a shown in FIG. 4, the hub wheel 3a is a solid body, and the influence of the moment of inertia is larger than that of the drive wheel hub unit bearing 1 shown in FIG.
The inertia of the cord 22 that is locked to the hub wheel 3a is extremely small, but the length, the locking method, the elongation of the string (energy storage), etc. lead to an error in measuring the tangential force (starting torque). there is a possibility.

本発明は、回転起動される軌道輪の慣性モーメントの影響を受けずに、軸受装置に付与された予圧を精度良く測定できる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法を提供することを目的とする。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a starting torque measuring method for a bearing device, which can accurately measure the preload applied to the bearing device without being affected by the inertia moment of the bearing ring that is rotationally activated.

本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法は、周面に一方の軌道を有する一方の軌道輪と、周面に他方の軌道を有する他方の軌道輪と、前記一方の軌道と前記他方の軌道との間に配置された複数の転動体と、を備えた軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法である。 A starting torque measuring method for a bearing device according to the present invention includes a bearing ring having one raceway on a peripheral surface, another raceway ring having another raceway on a peripheral surface, the one raceway and the other raceway. And a plurality of rolling elements arranged between and, and a starting torque measuring method for a bearing device.

特に、本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法は、静止状態にある前記一方の軌道輪にトルク測定器を接続し、前記他方の軌道輪を回転起動して起動トルクを測定する。
更に、本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法は、前記一方の軌道輪の接線力を測定して起動トルクを求める。
また、本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法は、前記一方の軌道輪と前記トルク測定器との間に、予め、引張力または圧縮力が作用している。 Particularly, in the method for measuring the starting torque of the bearing device according to the present invention, a torque measuring device is connected to the one bearing ring in a stationary state, and the other bearing ring is rotationally activated to measure the starting torque.
Further, in the method for measuring the starting torque of the bearing device according to the present invention, the starting torque is obtained by measuring the tangential force of the one bearing ring.
Further, in the method for measuring the starting torque of the bearing device according to the present invention, a tensile force or a compressive force is applied in advance between the one bearing ring and the torque measuring device.

本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法によれば、回転起動される軌道輪の慣性モーメントの影響を受けずに、軸受装置に付与された予圧を精度良く測定することができる。 According to the method for measuring the starting torque of the bearing device according to the present invention, the preload applied to the bearing device can be accurately measured without being affected by the moment of inertia of the bearing ring that is rotationally started.

本発明の第１実施形態の起動トルク測定方法を示す説明図であり、（ａ）回転台に外輪を設置した軸受装置の断面図、（ｂ）軸受装置をインボード側から見た図。It is explanatory drawing which shows the starting torque measuring method of 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) Sectional drawing of the bearing apparatus which installed the outer ring on the rotary stand, (b) The figure which looked at the bearing apparatus from the inboard side. 本発明の第２実施形態の起動トルク測定方法を示す説明図であり、（ａ）回転台にハブ輪を設置した軸受装置の断面図、（ｂ）軸受装置をインボード側から見た図。It is explanatory drawing which shows the starting torque measuring method of 2nd Embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) The sectional view of the bearing apparatus which installed the hub wheel in the rotary stand, (b) The figure which looked at the bearing apparatus from the inboard side. 従来構成の１例を示す、起動トルク測定方法の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the starting torque measuring method which shows an example of a conventional structure. 従来構成の他の１例を示す、起動トルク測定方法の説明図。Explanatory drawing of the starting torque measuring method which shows another example of a conventional structure.

［第１実施形態］
図１は、本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法の第１実施形態を示している。本実施形態は、自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持するハブユニット軸受を、測定対象の軸受装置としている。ハブユニット軸受１ａは、外輪２と、ハブ輪３ａと、転動体である複数個の玉４と、１対の密封装置１２ａ、１２ｂと、を備えている。
尚、軸方向に関してアウトボード側とは、自動車への組み付け状態で車両の幅方向外側となる、図１（ａ）の上側を言う。反対に、車両の幅方向中央側となる、図１（ａ）の下側を、軸方向に関してインボード側と言う。 [First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a starting torque measuring method for a bearing device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a hub unit bearing that rotatably supports a vehicle wheel with respect to a suspension device is a bearing device to be measured. The hub unit bearing 1a includes an outer ring 2, a hub ring 3a, a plurality of balls 4 as rolling elements, and a pair of sealing devices 12a and 12b.
The outboard side with respect to the axial direction means the upper side in Fig. 1(a), which is the outer side in the width direction of the vehicle when mounted on the vehicle. On the contrary, the lower side of FIG. 1A, which is the center side in the width direction of the vehicle, is referred to as the inboard side in the axial direction.

他方の軌道輪である外輪２は、内周面に複列（２列）の外輪軌道６、６を有し、外周面に静止フランジ７を有している。外輪２は、静止フランジ７を図示しない懸架装置のナックルに結合固定することにより、懸架装置に支持されており、使用時に回転しない。インボード側（下側）の外輪軌道６は、断面円弧形であり、アウトボード側のみに溝肩部を有する軌道面に形成されている。アウトボード側（上側）の外輪軌道６は、断面円弧形であり、インボード側のみに溝肩部を有する軌道面に形成されている。 The outer race 2, which is the other race, has double-row (two rows) outer races 6, 6 on its inner peripheral surface and a stationary flange 7 on its outer peripheral surface. The outer ring 2 is supported by the suspension by connecting and fixing the stationary flange 7 to the knuckle of the suspension not shown, and does not rotate during use. The outer ring raceway 6 on the inboard side (lower side) has an arc-shaped cross section, and is formed on a raceway surface having a groove shoulder portion only on the outboard side. The outer ring raceway 6 on the outboard side (upper side) has an arcuate cross section, and is formed on a raceway surface having a groove shoulder portion only on the inboard side.

一方の軌道輪であるハブ輪３ａは、外輪２と同心に設けられており、外輪軌道６、６と径方向に対向する外周面に、複列（２列）の内輪軌道８、８を有している。ハブ輪３ａは、外輪２よりもアウトボード側に突出した部分に、回転フランジ９を有している。回転フランジ９には、円周方向等間隔となる位置に、複数（図示の例では４本）のハブボルト１７が圧入固定されている。ハブボルト１７にナット（不図示）を羅合することにより、車輪及び制動用回転部材（不図示）が、回転フランジ９に支持固定される。ハブ輪３ａは、使用時に、車輪及び制動用回転部材と共に回転する。ハブユニット軸受１ａは従動輪用である為、ハブ輪３ａは、径方向中心部にスプライン孔１０（図４参照）を有さない、中実体である。 The hub ring 3a, which is one of the raceways, is provided concentrically with the outer ring 2, and has a double row (two rows) of inner ring raceways 8 and 8 on the outer circumferential surface that faces the outer raceways 6 and 6 in the radial direction. doing. The hub wheel 3 a has a rotary flange 9 at a portion protruding toward the outboard side with respect to the outer ring 2. A plurality of (four in the illustrated example) hub bolts 17 are press-fitted and fixed to the rotary flange 9 at positions at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. By combining a nut (not shown) with the hub bolt 17, the wheel and the braking rotary member (not shown) are supported and fixed to the rotary flange 9. During use, the hub wheel 3a rotates together with the wheel and the braking rotation member. Since the hub unit bearing 1a is for the driven wheel, the hub wheel 3a is a solid body that does not have the spline hole 10 (see FIG. 4) at the center in the radial direction.

ハブ輪３ａは、ハブ本体１３と内輪１４とを組み合わせて構成されている。具体的には、ハブ本体１３のインボード側に形成された小径段部１５に内輪１４を外嵌圧入した状態で、ハブ本体１３のインボード側端部に加締め加工を施して、加締め部１６を形成している。加締め部１６は、ハブ本体１３のインボード側端部を径方向外側に塑性変形させることにより形成されており、内輪１４のインボード側端面をアウトボード側に向けて押さえ付けている。
インボード側の内輪軌道８は、断面円弧形であり、インボード側のみに溝肩部を有する軌道面として、内輪１４の外周面に形成されている。アウトボード側の内輪軌道８は、断面円弧形であり、アウトボード側のみに溝肩部を有する軌道面として、ハブ本体１３の外周面に形成されている。 The hub wheel 3a is configured by combining the hub body 13 and the inner ring 14. Specifically, with the inner ring 14 externally press-fitted into the small-diameter step portion 15 formed on the inboard side of the hub body 13, the inboard side end portion of the hub body 13 is subjected to caulking processing to be caulked. The part 16 is formed. The caulking portion 16 is formed by plastically deforming the inboard-side end portion of the hub body 13 outward in the radial direction, and presses the inboard-side end surface of the inner ring 14 toward the outboard side.
The inner ring raceway 8 on the inboard side has an arcuate cross section, and is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 14 as a raceway surface having a groove shoulder portion only on the inboard side. The inner ring raceway 8 on the outboard side has an arcuate cross section, and is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hub body 13 as a raceway surface having a groove shoulder portion only on the outboard side.

転動体である玉４は、複列の外輪軌道６、６と複列の内輪軌道８、８との間に、各列に複数個ずつ、転動自在に配置されている。複列に配置された玉４は、背面（ＤＢ）組み合わせ型の接触角により予圧が付与された、複列アンギュラ玉軸受を構成している。加締め部１６により内輪１４のインボード側端面をアウトボード側に向けて押さえ付けることにより、予圧が付与されている。 A plurality of balls 4, which are rolling elements, are arranged between the double row outer ring raceways 6 and 6 and the double row inner ring raceways 8 and 8 such that a plurality of balls are rollable in each row. The balls 4 arranged in a double row constitute a double row angular ball bearing in which a preload is applied by a contact angle of a back surface (DB) combination type. Pre-load is applied by pressing the inboard side end surface of the inner ring 14 toward the outboard side by the caulking portion 16.

密封装置１２ａ、１２ｂは、外輪２の内周面とハブ輪３ａの外周面との間に存在する内部空間１１の、軸方向両端開口をそれぞれ塞いでいる。密封装置１２ａ、１２ｂにより、内部空間１１の内部に泥水等の異物が入り込むことを防止すると共に、内部空間１１に封入したグリースが外部に漏洩することを防止している。 The sealing devices 12a and 12b respectively close both axial ends of the internal space 11 existing between the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the hub wheel 3a. The sealing devices 12a and 12b prevent foreign matter such as muddy water from entering the inside of the internal space 11 and prevent grease contained in the internal space 11 from leaking to the outside.

ハブユニット軸受１ａの起動トルクを測定する方法（測定装置）について説明する。まず、ハブユニット軸受１ａの回転中心が鉛直方向（静止フランジ７が水平方向）で、インボード側が鉛直方向下側となる状態で、外輪２（静止フランジ７のインボード側側面）を回転台２４ａの上面に設置する。このとき、回転台２４ａの一部を静止フランジ７の任意の取付孔１８に係合させ、静止フランジ７からインボード側に突出したパイロット部１９ａを、回転台２４ａの内周面に嵌合又は僅かな隙間を有して係合させている。これにより、回転台２４ａの回転中心とハブユニット軸受１ａの回転中心を同心の状態にして、軌道輪である外輪２と回転台２４ａとが一体的に回転するようにしている。回転台２４は、不図示のモータを含んだ駆動機構により、回転駆動される。 A method (measuring device) for measuring the starting torque of the hub unit bearing 1a will be described. First, with the center of rotation of the hub unit bearing 1a in the vertical direction (the stationary flange 7 is in the horizontal direction) and the inboard side being the lower side in the vertical direction, the outer ring 2 (the side surface of the stationary flange 7 on the inboard side) is placed on the rotary base 24a. Installed on the upper surface of. At this time, a part of the rotary base 24a is engaged with an arbitrary mounting hole 18 of the stationary flange 7, and the pilot portion 19a protruding from the stationary flange 7 toward the inboard side is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the rotary base 24a or They are engaged with each other with a slight gap. As a result, the center of rotation of the rotary base 24a and the center of rotation of the hub unit bearing 1a are concentric with each other so that the outer ring 2 which is a bearing ring and the rotary base 24a rotate integrally. The rotary base 24 is rotationally driven by a drive mechanism including a motor (not shown).

ハブ輪３ａに於いては、各ハブボルト１７のピッチ円（各ハブボルト１７の中心を通る仮想円）の接線方向の延長上に、トルク測定器２１ａを設置している。トルク測定器２１ａは、プッシュプルゲージ、ロードセル等の力（引張力、圧縮力）を測定可能な測定器であり、上述した接線方向への変位（移動）を阻止された状態で、測定装置の基部に固定されている。トルク測定器２１ａと任意のハブボルト１７とを、連結部材である紐２２により繋いでいる。紐２２は、ハブボルト１７とトルク測定器２１ａを、水平方向に連結している。紐２２の材料は特に問わないが、測定する起動トルクの力による伸縮が殆ど発生しない（無視できる程度の伸縮）、軽量な材質（例えば、ナイロン、ポリプロピレン等）が好ましい。 In the hub wheel 3a, the torque measuring device 21a is installed on the tangential extension of the pitch circle of each hub bolt 17 (virtual circle passing through the center of each hub bolt 17). The torque measuring device 21a is a measuring device capable of measuring the force (tensile force, compressive force) of a push-pull gauge, a load cell, etc., and is a measuring device of the measuring device in the state in which the displacement (movement) in the tangential direction is blocked. It is fixed to the base. The torque measuring device 21a and the arbitrary hub bolt 17 are connected by a string 22 which is a connecting member. The string 22 horizontally connects the hub bolt 17 and the torque measuring device 21a. The material of the string 22 is not particularly limited, but a lightweight material (for example, nylon, polypropylene or the like) that hardly expands or contracts due to the force of the starting torque to be measured (negligible expansion and contraction) is preferable.

軸受装置であるハブユニット軸受１ａの起動トルクを測定する場合、図１（ｂ）の矢印Ａで示す方向に、他方の軌道輪である外輪２（回転台２４ａ）を回転起動する。この時、ハブボルト１７に紐２２が連結された、一方の軌道輪であるハブ輪３ａは、紐２２により回転を阻止されており、静止した状態を保っている。そして、外輪２が回転起動する瞬間のトルク測定器２１ａの測定値（接線力）に、上述したハブボルト１７のピッチ円の半径を乗じて、起動トルク値とする。そして、代用特性である起動トルクから換算して、ハブユニット軸受１ａの予圧荷重を得る。
尚、起動トルクの測定時（外輪２の回転起動時）、紐２２には予め引張力を付与している。具体的には、紐２２に引張力を付与していない状態で、予備的に接線力（起動トルク）の測定を行い、この時に測定された接線力未満の引張力（例えば、予備測定値の６０〜８０％の力）を予め紐２２に付与する。これにより、測定時における紐２２の伸縮の影響を抑制して、起動トルクの測定精度を高めている。 When measuring the starting torque of the hub unit bearing 1a which is the bearing device, the outer ring 2 (turntable 24a) which is the other bearing ring is rotationally started in the direction indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 1(b). At this time, the hub ring 3a, which is the one raceway in which the string 22 is connected to the hub bolt 17, is prevented from rotating by the string 22 and remains stationary. Then, the measurement value (tangential force) of the torque measuring device 21a at the moment when the outer ring 2 is rotationally activated is multiplied by the radius of the pitch circle of the hub bolt 17 described above to obtain the activation torque value. Then, the preload of the hub unit bearing 1a is obtained by converting from the starting torque that is the substitute characteristic.
When the starting torque is measured (when the outer ring 2 is started to rotate), a tension force is applied to the cord 22 in advance. Specifically, the tangential force (starting torque) is preliminarily measured in a state where no tensile force is applied to the cord 22, and a tensile force less than the tangential force measured at this time (for example, a preliminary measurement value A force of 60 to 80%) is applied to the string 22 in advance. As a result, the influence of expansion and contraction of the cord 22 at the time of measurement is suppressed, and the accuracy of measuring the starting torque is improved.

上述した実施形態では、連結部材である紐２２を介してハブボルト１７（ハブ輪３ａ）とトルク測定器２１ａとを連結させたが、紐２２を廃して、トルク測定器２１ａを直接ハブボルト１７に接続する構成とすることもできる。
また、紐２２に替えて剛体（例えば、鋼鉄製の棒）の連結部材によりハブボルト１７とトルク測定器２１とを連結すると共に、外輪の回転方向を逆方向（図１（ｂ）矢印Ａの逆方向）とすることもできる。この場合、連結部材には圧縮力が作用しており、測定時、連結部材に予め圧縮力を付与しておけば、連結部材の縮みの影響を抑制して、精度良く起動トルクを測定できる。更に、剛体の連結部材を廃して、ハブボルト１７に直結されたトルク測定器２１ａにより、圧縮力（接線力）を測定する構成とすることもできる。
また、回転台２４ａとして、コレットチャック、三爪チャック等により、外輪２のパイロット部１９ａを直接把持する構成とすることもできる。 In the above-described embodiment, the hub bolt 17 (hub ring 3a) and the torque measuring device 21a are connected via the string 22 that is a connecting member. However, the string 22 is eliminated and the torque measuring device 21a is directly connected to the hub bolt 17. It can also be configured to.
Further, the hub bolt 17 and the torque measuring device 21 are connected by a rigid (for example, steel rod) connecting member instead of the string 22, and the outer ring is rotated in the opposite direction (the arrow A in FIG. 1B). Direction). In this case, a compressive force acts on the connecting member, and if a compressive force is applied to the connecting member in advance during measurement, the effect of contraction of the connecting member can be suppressed and the starting torque can be measured accurately. Further, it is possible to eliminate the rigid connecting member and measure the compressive force (tangential force) by the torque measuring device 21a directly connected to the hub bolt 17.
Alternatively, the rotary table 24a may be configured to directly grip the pilot portion 19a of the outer ring 2 by a collet chuck, a three-jaw chuck, or the like.

以上のような構成を有する本実施形態の軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法によれば、回転起動される軌道輪の慣性モーメントの影響を受けずに、軸受装置に付与された予圧を精度良く測定することができる。
即ち、本実施形態の場合、起動トルク（接線力）を測定する一方の軌道輪と、回転起動される他方の軌道輪とを別にすることにより、回転起動される軌道輪が有する慣性モーメントが、起動トルクの測定値に与える影響を排除している。具体的には、トルク測定器２１ａが接続されたハブ輪３ａ（一方の軌道輪）は、測定中は静止状態（非回転状態）であり、回転台２４ａに設置された外輪２（他方の軌道輪）が回転起動される。従って、ハブ輪３ａの慣性モーメントは、起動トルクの測定に影響を与えない。外輪２は回転起動されるだけであり、測定装置は接続されていない。
また、測定時、連結部材である紐２２も静止状態を保っており、紐２２が有する質量が接線力の測定に影響を与えることはない。 According to the starting torque measuring method for the bearing device of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the preload applied to the bearing device is accurately measured without being affected by the inertia moment of the bearing ring that is rotationally started. be able to.
That is, in the case of the present embodiment, by separating one raceway ring for measuring the starting torque (tangential force) and the other raceway ring that is rotationally activated, the moment of inertia of the raceway ring that is rotationally activated is The influence on the measured value of the starting torque is eliminated. Specifically, the hub wheel 3a (one raceway ring) to which the torque measuring device 21a is connected is in a stationary state (non-rotating state) during measurement, and the outer ring 2 (the other raceway) installed on the rotary table 24a is in a stationary state. (Wheel) is activated to rotate. Therefore, the moment of inertia of the hub wheel 3a does not affect the measurement of the starting torque. The outer ring 2 is only rotationally activated and the measuring device is not connected.
Further, at the time of measurement, the cord 22 which is the connecting member is also kept stationary, and the mass of the cord 22 does not affect the measurement of the tangential force.

［第２実施形態］
図２は、本発明に係わる軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法の第２実施形態を示している。本実施形態の場合、第１実施形態に対して、回転起動する軌道輪と接線力を測定する軌道輪とを逆の構成とし、ハブ輪３ａが回転起動する他方の軌道輪であり、外輪２が接線力を測定する一方の軌道輪である。ハブユニット軸受１ａ自体の構成は、第１実施形態と同じである。 [Second Embodiment]
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the starting torque measuring method for a bearing device according to the present invention. In the case of the present embodiment, the bearing ring that is rotationally activated and the bearing ring that measures the tangential force are opposite to those of the first embodiment, and the hub ring 3a is the other bearing ring that is rotationally activated. Is a bearing ring for measuring tangential force. The configuration of the hub unit bearing 1a itself is the same as that of the first embodiment.

以下に、起動トルク測定方法（測定装置）について説明する。ハブユニット軸受１ａは、アウトボード側を鉛直方向下側に向けた状態で、ハブ輪３ａの回転フランジ９を回転台２４ｂの上面に設置している。ハブ輪３ａのアウトボード側端部に設けたパイロット部１９ｂを回転台２４ｂの内周面に嵌合又は僅かな隙間を有して係合させることにより、ハブ輪３ａと回転台２４ｂは、同心の状態で、一体的に回転するようにしている。 The starting torque measuring method (measuring device) will be described below. In the hub unit bearing 1a, the rotating flange 9 of the hub wheel 3a is installed on the upper surface of the rotating table 24b with the outboard side facing downward in the vertical direction. By fitting the pilot portion 19b provided at the end portion of the hub wheel 3a on the outboard side to the inner peripheral surface of the rotary table 24b or engaging the pilot table 19b with a slight gap, the hub wheel 3a and the rotary table 24b are concentric. In this state, they rotate together.

外輪２の静止フランジ７に形成された任意の取付孔１８に、紐２２を係止する為の係止部材であるアンカー２５を固定している。各取付孔１８のピッチ円（各取付孔１８の中心を通る仮想円）の接線方向の延長上で、水平方向には、トルク測定器２１ａが設置されている。アンカー２５とトルク測定器２１ａは、紐２２により連結されている。 An anchor 25, which is a locking member for locking the cord 22, is fixed to an arbitrary mounting hole 18 formed in the stationary flange 7 of the outer ring 2. A torque measuring device 21a is installed in a horizontal direction on a tangential extension of a pitch circle of each mounting hole 18 (a virtual circle passing through the center of each mounting hole 18). The anchor 25 and the torque measuring device 21a are connected by a string 22.

紐２２に対して、予備測定した接線力未満の引張力を予め付与した状態で、ハブ輪３ａを、図２（ｂ）の矢印Ｂが示した方向（紐２２に引張力が発生する方向）に回転起動する。ハブ輪３ａが回転起動した瞬間の接線力をトルク測定器２１ａにより測定する事により、ハブユニット軸受１ａの起動トルクを求める。 In a state in which a tensile force less than the tangential force measured in advance is applied to the string 22 in advance, the hub wheel 3a is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 2B (the direction in which the tensile force is generated in the string 22). Start rotating to. The starting torque of the hub unit bearing 1a is obtained by measuring the tangential force at the moment when the hub wheel 3a starts to rotate by the torque measuring device 21a.

本実施形態の場合、規格化されているホイールの取付面（回転フランジ９のアウトボード側側面）を回転の基準面としているので、１つの回転台２４ｂで各種ハブユニット軸受を測定可能（部品の共通化）として、測定装置のコスト上昇を抑制している。
また、紐２２を廃してアンカー２５にトルク測定器２１ａを直結したり、ハブ輪３ａの回転方向を変えて、引張力に変えて圧縮力により接線力を測定したりする構成としてもよい。その他の構成及び作用効果は、前述した第１実施形態と同様である。 In the case of the present embodiment, since the standardized wheel mounting surface (outboard side surface of the rotary flange 9) is used as the rotation reference surface, it is possible to measure various hub unit bearings with one rotary table 24b (of parts). As a result, the cost increase of the measuring device is suppressed.
Alternatively, the cord 22 may be eliminated and the torque measuring device 21a may be directly connected to the anchor 25, or the tangential force may be measured by compressing force instead of tensile force by changing the rotation direction of the hub wheel 3a. Other configurations and operational effects are similar to those of the above-described first embodiment.

本発明の軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法は、自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持するための軸受装置の他、各種軸受装置を対象として、好適に利用できる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The method for measuring the starting torque of a bearing device according to the present invention can be suitably used for various bearing devices as well as a bearing device for rotatably supporting a vehicle wheel with respect to a suspension device.

１、１ａ ハブユニット軸受
２ 外輪
３、３ａ ハブ輪
４ 玉（転動体）
６ 外輪軌道
７ 静止フランジ
８ 内輪軌道
９ 回転フランジ
１０ スプライン孔
１１ 内部空間
１２ａ、１２ｂ 密封装置
１３ ハブ本体
１４ 内輪
１５ 小径段部
１６ 加締め部
１７ ハブボルト
１８ 取付孔
１９ａ，１９ｂ パイロット部
２０ 回転体
２１、２１ａ トルク測定器
２２ 紐（連結部材）
２３ 固定台
２４ａ，２４ｂ 回転台
２５ アンカー（係止部材）
1, 1a Hub unit bearing 2 Outer ring 3, 3a Hub ring 4 balls (rolling elements)
6 Outer ring raceway 7 Stationary flange 8 Inner ring raceway 9 Rotating flange 10 Spline hole 11 Inner space 12a, 12b Sealing device 13 Hub body 14 Inner ring 15 Small diameter step portion 16 Caulking portion 17 Hub bolt 18 Mounting hole 19a, 19b Pilot portion 20 Rotating body 21 , 21a Torque measuring instrument 22 String (connecting member)
23 fixed base 24a, 24b rotary base 25 anchor (locking member)

Claims (3)

周面に一方の軌道を有する一方の軌道輪と、
周面に他方の軌道を有する他方の軌道輪と、
前記一方の軌道と前記他方の軌道との間に配置された複数の転動体と、
を備えた軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法であって、
静止状態にある前記一方の軌道輪にトルク測定器を接続し、前記他方の軌道輪を回転起動して起動トルクを測定することを特徴とする軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法。 One raceway ring having one raceway on the circumferential surface,
The other race having the other race on the circumferential surface,
A plurality of rolling elements arranged between the one track and the other track,
A method for measuring a starting torque of a bearing device comprising:
A starting torque measuring method for a bearing device, comprising connecting a torque measuring device to the one bearing ring in a stationary state, and rotationally starting the other bearing ring to measure a starting torque. 前記一方の軌道輪の接線力を測定して起動トルクを求める、請求項１に記載した軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法。 The starting torque measuring method for a bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the starting torque is obtained by measuring a tangential force of the one bearing ring. 前記一方の軌道輪と前記トルク測定器との間に、予め、引張力または圧縮力が作用している、前記請求項１又は２に記載した軸受装置の起動トルク測定方法。
The starting torque measuring method for a bearing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tensile force or a compressive force is applied in advance between the one bearing ring and the torque measuring device.
JP2018236833A 2018-12-19 2018-12-19 Starting torque measurement method of bearing device Pending JP2020098163A (en)

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WO2022039204A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-24 Ntn株式会社 Rotational torque inspection method for wheel bearing device, and rotational torque inspection device for wheel bearing device
JP2022034922A (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-03-04 Ntn株式会社 Preload inspection method of wheel bearing device
JP2022034927A (en) * 2020-08-19 2022-03-04 Ntn株式会社 Method for inspecting rotation torque of wheel bearing device and device for inspecting rotation torque of wheel bearing device
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