JP2020080688A - Coupling structure of tree falling prevention tool and tree falling prevention method - Google Patents

Coupling structure of tree falling prevention tool and tree falling prevention method Download PDF

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JP2020080688A
JP2020080688A JP2018217834A JP2018217834A JP2020080688A JP 2020080688 A JP2020080688 A JP 2020080688A JP 2018217834 A JP2018217834 A JP 2018217834A JP 2018217834 A JP2018217834 A JP 2018217834A JP 2020080688 A JP2020080688 A JP 2020080688A
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fallen tree
tree
fallen
connecting member
preventive
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JP7179287B2 (en
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隆三 山形
Ryuzo Yamagata
隆三 山形
文貴 西野
Fumitaka Nishino
文貴 西野
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GREEN ELM KK
Yamagata Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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GREEN ELM KK
Yamagata Kaihatsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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Abstract

To provide a coupling structure of a tree falling prevention tool capable of reinforcing a foundation on which a tree is planted, and preventing surely, falling of a tree.SOLUTION: There is provided a coupling structure 100 of a plurality of tree falling prevention tools 1 which are embedded in soil so that a root of a planted tree becomes entangled to the tools, each tree falling prevention tool 1 comprises: three or more vertical materials 2 extending in parallel; and annular holding bodies 4 supported by the vertical materials 2. The plurality of holding bodies 4 are fixed at an interval along the vertical materials 2, the plurality of tree falling prevention tools 1 arranged in proximity are coupled by a spiral coupling member 8.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、倒木防止具の連結構造体および倒木防止方法に関し、より詳しくは、植栽した樹木の生長により根が絡むように土壌内に埋設される倒木防止具の連結構造体、および、これを用いた倒木防止方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a fallen tree preventive connecting structure and a fallen tree preventing method, and more particularly, a fallen tree preventive connecting structure that is embedded in soil so that the roots are entangled by the growth of a planted tree, and this. The present invention relates to a method for preventing fallen trees.

土壌内に埋設して樹木を地面に固定するための構造体が、特許文献1に開示されている。この構造体は、支持脚を有する複数のモジュラー要素からなり、隣接するモジュラー要素の支持脚同士が管状体によって連結される。 Patent Document 1 discloses a structure for embedding in a soil to fix a tree to the ground. This structure is composed of a plurality of modular elements having supporting legs, and the supporting legs of adjacent modular elements are connected by a tubular body.

米国公開公報第2013/0139433号US Publication No. 2013/0139433

上記従来の構造体は、樹木の根がモジュラー要素内に進入することで樹木を支持することができるが、隣接するモジュラー要素同士が管状体によって強固に連結されるため、地震等の地盤変位によりモジュラー要素が大きな土圧を受けると、モジュラー要素が土圧を十分吸収できずに変形や損傷を生じるおそれがあり、良好な倒木防止効果が得られないという問題があった。 The above-mentioned conventional structure can support the tree by the root of the tree entering the modular element, but since the adjacent modular elements are firmly connected by the tubular body, they are modular due to ground displacement such as an earthquake. When the element is subjected to a large earth pressure, the modular element may not be able to absorb the earth pressure sufficiently and may be deformed or damaged, so that there is a problem that a good fall prevention effect cannot be obtained.

一方、津波・台風等の天災あるいは人災によって生じる宅地・農地等の被害を軽減するため、樹木が持つ防災機能の重要性が近年改めて認識されつつあり、樹木の根付きを向上させることが求められている。 On the other hand, the importance of the disaster prevention function of trees has been re-recognized in recent years in order to reduce the damage to residential land and farmland caused by natural disasters such as tsunamis and typhoons or human disasters, and it is required to improve the rooting of trees. There is.

そこで、本発明は、樹木を植栽する地盤を強化すると共に、樹木の倒木を確実に防止することができる倒木防止具の連結構造体および倒木防止方法の提供を目的とする。 Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a connection structure of a fall prevention tool and a fall prevention method capable of strengthening the ground for planting trees and surely preventing fall of trees.

本発明の前記目的は、植栽した樹木の生長により根が絡むように土壌内に埋設される複数の倒木防止具の連結構造体であって、前記各倒木防止具は、互いに平行に延びる3つ以上の支持部と、前記支持部に支持される環状の保持体とを備え、前記保持体は、複数が前記支持部に沿って間隔をあけて固定されており、複数の前記倒木防止具が、螺旋状の連結部材により連結された倒木防止具の連結構造体により達成される。 The object of the present invention is a connection structure of a plurality of fallen tree preventive tools embedded in soil so that roots are entangled by the growth of a planted tree, wherein each of the fallen tree preventers extends in parallel with each other. A plurality of supporting portions and an annular holding body supported by the supporting portions are provided, and a plurality of the holding bodies are fixed at intervals along the supporting portion, and the plurality of fallen tree preventive devices. Is achieved by the connection structure of the fallen tree preventing tool connected by the spiral connecting member.

上記の倒木防止具の連結構造体は、複数の前記倒木防止具が、互いに近接して平行に配置された前記支持部同士の周りに前記連結部材が装着されて連結されることが好ましい。あるいは、上記の倒木防止具の連結構造体は、複数の前記倒木防止具が、互いに近接して配置された前記各保持体の同方向に延びる部分の周りに前記連結部材が装着されて連結されることが好ましい。 In the connection structure of the fallen tree preventive tool described above, it is preferable that the plurality of the fallen tree preventive tools are connected to each other by mounting the connecting member around the supporting portions arranged in parallel with each other. Alternatively, in the connection structure of the fallen tree preventive tool described above, a plurality of the fallen tree preventive tools are connected to each other by attaching the connecting member around a portion extending in the same direction of each of the holding bodies arranged close to each other. Preferably.

また、本発明の前記目的は、植栽した樹木の生長により根が絡むように土壌内に埋設される複数の倒木防止具を用いた倒木防止方法であって、前記各倒木防止具は、互いに平行に延びる3つ以上の支持部と、前記支持部に支持される環状の保持体とを備え、前記保持体は、複数が前記支持部に沿って間隔をあけて固定されており、複数の前記倒木防止具を地面に近接配置して、螺旋状の連結部材により連結する連結ステップと、連結された前記倒木防止具を杭部材により地面に固定する固定ステップと、固定された前記倒木防止具を土壌内に埋設した後、前記倒木防止具の近傍に樹木を植栽する植栽ステップとを備える倒木防止方法により達成される。 Further, the object of the present invention is a fallen tree preventing method using a plurality of fallen tree preventing tools embedded in the soil so that the roots are entangled by the growth of a planted tree, wherein the respective fallen tree preventing tools are mutually A plurality of supporting portions extending in parallel and an annular holding body supported by the supporting portion are provided, and a plurality of the holding bodies are fixed at intervals along the supporting portion. A connecting step of arranging the fallen tree preventer close to the ground and connecting with a spiral connecting member, a fixing step of fixing the connected fallen tree preventer to the ground with a pile member, and the fixed fallen tree preventer And a step of planting a tree in the vicinity of the fallen tree preventer after the tree is buried in the soil.

上記の倒木防止方法において、前記連結ステップは、複数の前記倒木防止具のいずれかの前記支持部同士を互いに近接させて平行に配置し、前記連結部材を回転させながら前記支持部同士に沿って進出させることにより、前記支持部同士の周りに前記連結部材を装着することが好ましい。あるいは、上記の倒木防止方法において、前記連結ステップは、複数の前記倒木防止具のいずれかの前記保持体同士を互いに近接させて配置し、前記連結部材を回転させながら前記各保持体の同方向に延びる部分に沿って進出させることにより、前記保持体の周りに前記連結部材を装着することが好ましい。 In the above fallen tree prevention method, the connecting step arranges the supporting portions of any one of the plurality of fallen tree preventing tools in parallel with each other, and along the supporting portions while rotating the connecting member. It is preferable to mount the connecting member around the supporting parts by advancing. Alternatively, in the above-described fallen tree prevention method, the connecting step arranges the holding bodies of any one of the plurality of fallen tree prevention tools in close proximity to each other, and rotates the connecting member in the same direction of the respective holding bodies. It is preferable to mount the connecting member around the holding body by advancing along the portion extending to the.

本発明によれば、樹木を植栽する地盤を強化すると共に、樹木の倒木を確実に防止することができる倒木防止具の連結構造体および倒木防止方法を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the ground for planting trees can be strengthened, and the connection structure of the fall prevention tool and the fall prevention method that can surely prevent fall of trees can be provided.

本発明の一実施形態に係る倒木防止具の連結構造体に使用する倒木防止具の側面図である。FIG. 4 is a side view of a fallen tree preventive tool used in the connection structure of the fallen tree preventive tool according to the embodiment of the present invention. 図1に示す倒木防止具の平面図である。It is a top view of the fallen tree preventive tool shown in FIG. 図1に示す倒木防止具の連結構造体を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the connection structure of the fallen tree preventive tool shown in FIG. 図3に示す倒木防止具の連結構造体の平面図である。It is a top view of the connection structure of the fallen tree guard shown in FIG. 本発明の一実施形態に係る倒木防止方法の概略工程図である。It is a schematic process drawing of the fallen tree prevention method which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 図5に示す倒木防止方法により支持された樹木の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the tree supported by the fallen tree prevention method shown in FIG. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る倒木防止具の連結構造体を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the connection structure of the fallen tree guard which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の更に他の実施形態に係る倒木防止具の連結構造体を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the connection structure of the fallen tree|fall prevention tool which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 倒木防止具の変形例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the modification of a fallen tree preventive tool. 図9に示す倒木防止具の平面図である。FIG. 10 is a plan view of the fallen tree protector shown in FIG. 9. 倒木防止具の他の変形例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the other modification of a fallen tree preventive tool. 倒木防止具の更に他の変形例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the further another modified example of a fallen tree preventive tool. 本発明の他の実施形態に係る倒木防止方法を説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the fallen tree prevention method which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の更に他の実施形態に係る倒木防止方法を説明するための模式図である。It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the fallen tree prevention method which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の更に他の実施形態に係る倒木防止具の連結構造体を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the connection structure of the fallen tree|fall prevention tool which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る倒木防止具の連結構造体に使用する倒木防止具の側面図であり、図2は、図1に示す倒木防止具の平面図である。図1および図2に示すように、倒木防止具1は、4つの縦材2と、縦材2に支持される2つの保持体4とを備えており、全体として立方体状に形成されている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a fallen tree preventive tool used for a connection structure of a fallen tree protector according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fallen tree preventer shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fallen tree preventive tool 1 includes four vertical members 2 and two holding members 4 supported by the vertical members 2, and is formed into a cubic shape as a whole. ..

縦材2は、金属や樹脂等からなる中実棒状または中空筒状の部材であり、本実施形態においては直棒状の鉄筋からなる。各縦材2は、互いに平行に延びるように平面視矩形状の各角部に配置されており、長手方向全体が保持体4を支持する支持部を構成する。縦材2の表面には、鉄筋のリブや節などのように凹凸を有することが好ましく、これによって、表面積を増加させて埋設時の土壌との密着力を高めることができる。 The vertical member 2 is a solid rod-shaped or hollow cylindrical member made of metal, resin, or the like, and is made of a straight rod-shaped reinforcing bar in the present embodiment. Each of the vertical members 2 is arranged at each corner of the rectangular shape in plan view so as to extend in parallel to each other, and the entire longitudinal direction constitutes a supporting portion for supporting the holding body 4. It is preferable that the surface of the vertical member 2 has irregularities such as ribs and knots of reinforcing bars, which increases the surface area and enhances the adhesion to the soil when buried.

保持体4は、金属や樹脂等からなる環状の部材であり、本実施形態においては、各縦材2と直交する平面に沿って各縦材2を取り囲むように鉄筋を矩形枠状に折り曲げて形成され、両端のフック部4a,4bが縦材2に係止されている。保持体4の表面についても、縦材2と同様に凹凸が形成されていることが好ましい。 The holding body 4 is an annular member made of metal, resin, or the like. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing bars are bent in a rectangular frame shape so as to surround each vertical member 2 along a plane orthogonal to each vertical member 2. The hook portions 4a and 4b at both ends are engaged with the vertical member 2. As for the surface of the holding body 4, it is preferable that unevenness is formed similarly to the vertical member 2.

2つの保持体4,4は、縦材2に沿って間隔をあけて互いに平行に配置されており、それぞれ金属線等の結束具6により縦材2に固定されている。縦材2に対する保持体4の固定方法は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、クランプによる挟持、金属パイプのかしめ、溶接等により行ってもよい。 The two holding bodies 4 and 4 are arranged in parallel with each other at intervals along the vertical member 2, and are fixed to the vertical member 2 by a binding tool 6 such as a metal wire. The method of fixing the holding body 4 to the vertical member 2 is not particularly limited, and for example, clamping with a clamp, caulking of a metal pipe, welding, or the like may be performed.

図3および図4は、それぞれ図1に示す倒木防止具1の連結構造体を示す側面図および平面図である。図3および図4に示すように、倒木防止具1の連結構造体100は、近接配置された複数の倒木防止具1,1を、複数の連結部材8,8により連結して構成されている。連結部材8は、棒材を螺旋状に巻回させた形状を有しており、例えば、スパイラル筋を好適に使用することができる。 FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are a side view and a plan view showing a connecting structure of the fallen tree guard 1 shown in FIG. 1, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the connection structure 100 of the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of fallen tree preventive machines 1, 1 arranged in proximity by a plurality of connecting members 8, 8. .. The connecting member 8 has a shape in which a rod is spirally wound, and for example, a spiral streak can be preferably used.

倒木防止具1,1は、互いに近接する保持体4,4の一辺の両側で、縦材2,2;2,2同士がそれぞれ平行に延びるように配置され、各連結部材8は、これら縦材2,2同士の周りを取り囲むように装着される。支持部材2,2と連結部材8との間には、若干(例えば、0.5〜3cm程度)の隙間が生じることが好ましく、例えば、支持体2,2同士の外周間の最大距離が10cmである場合に、連結部材8の螺旋の内径を12cmにすることが好ましい。連結構造体100をこのように構成することで、土壌への埋設後に地盤変位が生じた場合でも、倒木防止具1,1間の任意の方向への位置ずれを、支持部材2,2と連結部材8との隙間によって吸収することができるので、倒木防止具1,1の結合状態を確実に維持しつつ、地盤変位に柔軟に対応することができる。但し、連結部材8は弾性変形可能であるため、連結部材8が支持体2,2同士の双方に接触する構成であってもよい。連結部材8の螺旋ピッチは、上下の保持体4,4と同時に干渉しないように、上下の保持体4,4の間隔に応じて適宜設定すればよい。 The fallen tree preventive tools 1, 1 are arranged on both sides of one side of the holding bodies 4, 4 that are close to each other so that the vertical members 2, 2; The materials 2 and 2 are mounted so as to surround them. It is preferable that a slight gap (for example, about 0.5 to 3 cm) be formed between the support members 2 and 2 and the connecting member 8. For example, the maximum distance between the outer peripheries of the support members 2 and 10 is 10 cm. In this case, the inner diameter of the spiral of the connecting member 8 is preferably 12 cm. By configuring the connecting structure 100 in this manner, even if the ground displacement occurs after being buried in the soil, the displacement of the fallen tree preventive tools 1, 1 in any direction is connected to the support members 2, 2. Since it can be absorbed by the gap with the member 8, it is possible to flexibly cope with the ground displacement while surely maintaining the coupled state of the fallen tree preventive tools 1, 1. However, since the connecting member 8 is elastically deformable, the connecting member 8 may be in contact with both of the supports 2 and 2. The spiral pitch of the connecting member 8 may be appropriately set according to the interval between the upper and lower holders 4 and 4 so as not to interfere with the upper and lower holders 4 and 4 at the same time.

図5は、本発明の一実施形態に係る植栽樹木の倒木防止方法を説明するための概略工程図である。防災林を植栽する場合のように広い植栽エリアに多数の樹木を植栽する場合、まず、図5(a)に示すように、植栽エリアの地面10を掘削して大きな植栽穴12を形成した後、植栽穴12の底部に、縦材2が鉛直方向となるように倒木防止具1を複数近接させて配置する。各倒木防止具1の大きさは特に限定されないが、例えば、各辺が1m程度の立方体状とすることができる。ついで、各倒木防止具1,1の互いに近接して平行に延びる縦材2,2に沿って、連結部材8を回転させながら矢示方向に進出させ、縦材2,2同士の周りに連結部材8を装着することにより、各倒木防止具1,1を連結する(連結ステップ)。 FIG. 5 is a schematic process diagram for explaining a fallen tree prevention method for planted trees according to an embodiment of the present invention. When a large number of trees are planted in a large planting area such as when planting a disaster prevention forest, first, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the ground 10 in the planting area is excavated to form a large planting hole. After forming 12, a plurality of fallen tree preventive tools 1 are arranged close to each other at the bottom of the planting hole 12 so that the vertical members 2 are in the vertical direction. The size of each fallen tree preventive tool 1 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a cubic shape with each side of about 1 m. Then, the connecting members 8 are advanced in the direction of the arrow along the vertical members 2 and 2 of the fallen tree preventive tools 1 and 1 that extend in close proximity to each other and are connected around the vertical members 2 and 2. By mounting the member 8, the fallen tree preventive tools 1 and 1 are connected (connection step).

次に、図5(b)に示すように、上記連結ステップで得られた倒木防止具1の連結構造体100を地面に固定する(固定ステップ)。すなわち、上部にフック状の係止部22を有する杭部材20を、植栽穴12の底部に矢示のように複数打ち込んで、それぞれの係止部22を各倒木防止具1の保持体4に係止させることにより、倒木防止具1を植栽穴12の底部の地面に固定する。杭部材20は、例えば鉄筋等からなり、倒木防止具1を確実に固定できるように、植栽穴12の底部から例えば0.5〜2.5m程度の深さで土壌内に打ち込むことが好ましい。本実施形態においては、杭部材20を連結部材8の外部に打ち込んでいるが、連結部材8の内部に螺旋軸に沿って杭部材20を打ち込んでもよい。連結部材8の内部には後述するように土が入り込むため、連結部材8の内部に杭部材20を配置することで、杭部材20を周囲から保持することができ、連結構造体100を確実に固定することができる。必ずしもフック状の係止部22を備える必要はなく、例えば直筋等を使用することも可能であり、埋設土を介して倒木防止具1を固定することができる。 Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the connection structure 100 of the fallen tree guard 1 obtained in the connection step is fixed to the ground (fixing step). That is, a plurality of pile members 20 each having a hook-shaped engaging portion 22 are driven into the bottom portion of the planting hole 12 as indicated by an arrow, and the respective engaging portions 22 are held by the holder 4 of each fall prevention tool 1. The fallen tree preventive 1 is fixed to the ground at the bottom of the planting hole 12 by locking the fallen tree preventive 1 to the ground. The pile member 20 is made of, for example, a reinforcing bar or the like, and is preferably driven into the soil at a depth of, for example, about 0.5 to 2.5 m from the bottom of the planting hole 12 so that the fall prevention tool 1 can be reliably fixed. .. In the present embodiment, the pile member 20 is driven into the outside of the connecting member 8, but the pile member 20 may be driven into the inside of the connecting member 8 along the spiral axis. Since soil enters the inside of the connecting member 8 as described later, by arranging the pile member 20 inside the connecting member 8, the pile member 20 can be held from the surroundings, and the connecting structure 100 can be securely held. Can be fixed. It is not always necessary to provide the hook-shaped locking portion 22, and it is possible to use, for example, a straight line or the like, and the fallen tree preventive tool 1 can be fixed through the buried soil.

そして、図5(c)に示すように、連結構造体100を掘削土や改良土等の土24で埋設した後、連結構造体100の上方に樹木30の苗木を複数植栽する(植栽ステップ)。植栽した樹木30は、生長に伴い根32が水分や養分を求めて土壌内に拡がるように伸びるため、図6に示すように、倒木防止具1の保持体4の内部や上下の保持体4,4の間に樹木30の根32を通過させて、保持体4に絡ませることができる。樹木30の根は、直下に配置された倒木防止具1に係合するだけでなく、これと隣接する倒木防止具1や、螺旋状の連結部材8にも係合するため、これによって倒木防止効果がより高められる。樹木30の植栽は、各倒木防止具1の直上であることが好ましいが、倒木防止具1の近傍であればよく、倒木防止具1の斜め上方や左右に樹木30を植栽してもよい。 Then, as shown in FIG. 5C, after burying the connecting structure 100 with soil 24 such as excavated soil or improved soil, a plurality of saplings of trees 30 are planted above the connecting structure 100 (planting). Step). As the planted tree 30 grows so that the roots 32 expand into the soil in search of water and nutrients as it grows, as shown in FIG. 6, the inside of the holder 4 of the fallen tree preventive tool 1 and the upper and lower holders The root 32 of the tree 30 can be passed through between 4 and 4 and entangled with the holding body 4. The root of the tree 30 not only engages with the fall prevention tool 1 arranged immediately below, but also engages with the fall prevention tool 1 and the spiral connecting member 8 which are adjacent to the root 30. The effect is enhanced. The tree 30 is preferably planted directly above each fall prevention tool 1, but may be in the vicinity of the fall prevention tool 1, and even if the tree 30 is planted diagonally above and to the left or right of the fall prevention tool 1. Good.

上記の倒木防止方法によれば、倒木防止具1の連結構造体100を、苗木の根の生長に伴い係合するように土壌に埋設することにより、地盤を強化できると共に、樹木30の根系の主として先端側を倒木防止具1に絡ませることができるので、生長あるいは分岐した多数の根(例えば、水平根や垂下根等)を、倒木防止具1により保持して樹木30を強固に支持して、倒木を確実に防止することができる。また、土砂災害や河川の浸食等が生じた場合でも、倒木防止具1の内部に土壌が保持され易いために地盤強化の役割を果たすため、これによっても倒木の防止を図ることができる。 According to the fallen tree prevention method described above, the connection structure 100 of the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is embedded in the soil so as to be engaged with the growth of the roots of the sapling, whereby the ground can be strengthened and mainly the root system of the tree 30. Since the tip side can be entwined with the fallen tree preventer 1, a large number of growing or branched roots (for example, horizontal roots or drooping roots) are held by the fallen tree preventer 1 to firmly support the tree 30. The fallen tree can be surely prevented. Further, even if a sediment disaster or erosion of a river occurs, the soil is easily retained inside the fallen tree preventive tool 1, which serves to strengthen the ground. Therefore, it is possible to prevent fallen trees.

更に、倒木防止具1の連結構造体100は、複数の倒木防止具1の連結が、螺旋状の連結部材8により行われるため、地震等により地盤変位が生じた場合でも、各倒木防止具1間の位置ずれを連結部材8によって吸収することができ、各倒木防止具1の損傷を防止しつつ良好な連結状態を維持することができる。この結果、多数の倒木防止具1を用いた広範囲の地盤強化および倒木予防を、容易且つ確実に行うことができる。 Further, in the connecting structure 100 of the fallen tree preventers 1, the plurality of fallen tree preventers 1 are connected by the spiral connecting member 8. Therefore, even if the ground displacement occurs due to an earthquake or the like, each fallen tree preventer 1 The positional deviation between them can be absorbed by the connecting member 8, and it is possible to maintain a good connected state while preventing damage to each fall prevention tool 1. As a result, a wide range of ground reinforcement and fallen tree prevention using a large number of fallen tree preventive tools 1 can be performed easily and reliably.

地面10から倒木防止具1の上側の保持体4までの深さは、大きすぎると、地表に沿って伸びる水平根が保持体4に係合し難くなる一方、小さすぎると、土壌表面の浸食等により倒木防止具1が露出し易くなることから、例えば30cm程度であることが好ましく、倒木防止具1の大部分が30〜130cm程度の深さに配置されることが好ましい。植栽する樹木30の種類は、特に限定されないが、根32の強度および深さ方向への広がりが大きい樹木30であることが好ましく、例えば、シラカシ、スダジイ、タブノキ、ヤブツバキ、マサキのような広葉樹等を挙げることができ、倒木防止具1を、防風林や防潮林等の防災林(防風林、防潮林、防砂林、防火林等)の倒木防止に好適に使用することができる。複数の樹木30を植栽する場合、同種の樹木30であってもよいが、根系の異なる複数種類の樹木30であることが好ましい。樹木30が単体であっても、倒木防止具1による良好な補強効果を得ることができるが、複数の樹木30を連結して使用することで、防災林としての機能をより確実に発揮させることができる。植栽する樹木30は、その土地本来に生息する在来種であることが好ましい。植栽する樹木30の種類は、スギ・ヒノキ・カラマツのような針葉樹であってもよく、倒木防止具1を、例えば、同種の植栽が多い人工林に使用することもできる。 If the depth from the ground 10 to the upper holding body 4 of the fallen tree guard 1 is too large, the horizontal root extending along the ground surface will be difficult to engage with the holding body 4, while if it is too small, erosion of the soil surface will occur. Since the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is more easily exposed, it is preferable that the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is, for example, about 30 cm, and most of the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is preferably arranged at a depth of about 30 to 130 cm. The type of the tree 30 to be planted is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the tree 30 has a large root 32 strength and a large spread in the depth direction. The fallen tree preventive tool 1 can be preferably used for preventing fallen trees in disaster prevention forests such as windbreak forests and tide forests (windbreak forests, tide forests, sand protection forests, fire protection forests, etc.). When a plurality of trees 30 are planted, the same kind of trees 30 may be used, but a plurality of kinds of trees 30 having different root systems are preferable. Even if the tree 30 is a single body, it is possible to obtain a good reinforcing effect by the fallen tree preventive tool 1. However, by connecting and using a plurality of trees 30, it is possible to more reliably exhibit the function as a disaster prevention forest. You can The tree 30 to be planted is preferably a native species that naturally lives in the land. The type of tree 30 to be planted may be a conifer such as cedar, cypress, larch, and the fallen tree preventive device 1 can be used, for example, in an artificial forest where many plants of the same type are planted.

以上、本発明の一実施形態について詳述したが、本発明の具体的な態様は上記実施形態に限定されない。例えば、本実施形態の連結構造体100は、隣接配置された倒木防止具1,1を、複数の連結部材8により連結しているが、単一の連結部材8により連結した構成であってもよい。また、3つ以上の倒木防止具1を単一の連結部材8により連結することも可能であり、例えば、倒木防止具1をマトリクス状に配置して、マトリクスの交点に対応する4つの縦材2の周りに連結部材8を装着することができる。 Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, a specific aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the connecting structure 100 of the present embodiment, the fallen tree guards 1 and 1 that are arranged adjacent to each other are connected by the plurality of connecting members 8. However, even if they are connected by a single connecting member 8. Good. It is also possible to connect three or more fall prevention tools 1 by a single connecting member 8. For example, the fall protection tools 1 are arranged in a matrix and four vertical members corresponding to the intersections of the matrix. A connecting member 8 can be mounted around the 2.

また、本実施形態の連結部材8は、複数の倒木防止具1,1における縦材2,2同士の周りに装着しているが、それぞれの保持体4,4の同方向に延びる部分の周りに装着してもよい。例えば、図7に側面図で示すように、複数の倒木防止具1,1を、保持体4,4の一辺が同じ直線に沿って延びるように配置し、螺旋軸がこの直線に沿うように連結部材8を保持体4,4の周りに装着することができる。あるいは、図8に平面図で示すように、複数の倒木防止具1,1を、保持体4,4の一辺が近接して互いに平行になるように配置し、この平行な部分の周りに連結部材8を装着することができる。 Further, the connecting member 8 of the present embodiment is mounted around the vertical members 2, 2 of the plurality of fall prevention tools 1, 1, but around the portions of the holding bodies 4, 4 extending in the same direction. May be attached to. For example, as shown in a side view in FIG. 7, a plurality of fallen tree protectors 1 and 1 are arranged so that one side of the holding bodies 4 and 4 extends along the same straight line, and the spiral axis follows the straight line. The connecting member 8 can be mounted around the holders 4, 4. Alternatively, as shown in the plan view of FIG. 8, a plurality of fall prevention tools 1, 1 are arranged such that one sides of the holding bodies 4, 4 are close to each other and are parallel to each other, and are connected around the parallel portions. The member 8 can be attached.

また、倒木防止具1についても、本実施形態の構成の他、種々の構成にすることができる。例えば、本実施形態においては、倒木防止具1を全体として立方体状に形成しているが、その形状は特に限定されるものではなく、樹木を列状に植栽する場合には、列方向に長い直方体状としてもよい。 Further, the fallen tree preventive tool 1 may have various configurations other than the configuration of the present embodiment. For example, in the present embodiment, the fallen tree protector 1 is formed in a cube shape as a whole, but the shape is not particularly limited, and when trees are planted in a row, they are arranged in a row direction. It may be a long rectangular parallelepiped.

また、本実施形態の倒木防止具1は、保持体4を支持する支持部を構成する縦材2の数をそれぞれ4つとしているが、環状の保持体4を支持できるように3つ以上であればよい。例えば、保持体4が三角形以上の多角形状である場合には、多角形状の各頂部にそれぞれ縦材2を配置することが好ましい。また、保持体4が円形状や楕円状の場合には、保持体4の周方向に沿って等間隔に適宜の数の縦材2を配置することが好ましい。 Further, the fallen tree preventive tool 1 according to the present embodiment has four vertical members 2 constituting the support portion that supports the holding body 4, but three or more vertical members 2 can support the annular holding body 4. I wish I had it. For example, when the holding body 4 has a polygonal shape of a triangle or more, it is preferable to arrange the vertical members 2 at the tops of the polygonal shapes. When the holder 4 is circular or elliptical, it is preferable to arrange an appropriate number of the vertical members 2 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the holder 4.

また、本実施形態においては、2つの保持体4を縦材2に沿って間隔をあけて配置することで、両者の間に樹木30の根32を通過させることができ、それぞれの保持体4が異なる深さ位置に延びる根と係合するため、樹木30を確実に支持することができる。保持体4の数は3つ以上であってもよく、植栽する樹木30の根32の太さや、根32が生長する深さ等を考慮して、保持体4の数や間隔を適宜設定することが好ましい。 Further, in the present embodiment, by disposing the two holding bodies 4 at intervals along the vertical member 2, the roots 32 of the tree 30 can be passed between the two holding bodies 4 and the respective holding bodies 4 can be passed. Engage with roots extending to different depth positions, so that the tree 30 can be reliably supported. The number of holding bodies 4 may be three or more, and the number and spacing of the holding bodies 4 are appropriately set in consideration of the thickness of the root 32 of the tree 30 to be planted, the depth at which the root 32 grows, and the like. Preferably.

また、倒木防止具1において保持体4を支持する支持部は、本実施形態のように直棒状の縦材2以外によって形成することも可能である。例えば、図9および図10にそれぞれ側面図および平面図で示すように、U字状の湾曲部材40の両側で互いに平行に延びる両側部をそれぞれ支持部42,42として、倒木防止具1を構成することもできる。図9および図10に示す倒木防止具1は、4つの湾曲部材40を互いに平行に等間隔で配置すると共に、これらと直交するように他の4つの湾曲部材40を互いに平行に等間隔で配置することにより、8つの湾曲部材40から16個の支持部42が構成されている。このように、支持部42を、複数のU字状湾曲部材40の両側部により構成することで、倒木防止具1の強度を確保して、樹木をより確実に支持することができる。湾曲部材40は、枠状に形成された部材の一部であってもよい。 Further, the supporting portion for supporting the holder 4 in the fallen tree preventive tool 1 can be formed by a member other than the straight rod-shaped vertical member 2 as in the present embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 in a side view and a plan view, respectively, both sides of the U-shaped bending member 40 extending in parallel to each other are used as supporting portions 42, 42, and the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is configured. You can also do it. In the fallen tree guard 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the four bending members 40 are arranged in parallel with each other at equal intervals, and the other four bending members 40 are arranged in parallel with each other at equal intervals. By doing so, 16 supporting portions 42 are formed from the eight bending members 40. As described above, by configuring the support portion 42 by the both side portions of the plurality of U-shaped bending members 40, it is possible to secure the strength of the fallen tree preventive tool 1 and more reliably support the tree. The bending member 40 may be a part of a frame-shaped member.

各支持部42には、平面視正方形状の環状体からなる保持体4が3つ支持されている。各保持体4の上部には、それぞれ補助体50が支持されている。補助体50は、平面視長方形状の環状体からなり、保持体4の内側に配置されるように(すなわち、平面視において保持体4の外方にはみ出さないように)、補助体50の環状内部の開口面積が、保持体4の環状内部の開口面積よりも小さく形成されている。補助体50は、図1等に示す構成と同様に結束具(図9および図10においては図示せず)を用いて、支持部42および保持体4の双方に固定されている。 Each of the support portions 42 supports three holders 4 made of an annular body having a square shape in plan view. An auxiliary body 50 is supported on the upper portion of each holding body 4. The auxiliary body 50 is composed of a ring-shaped body having a rectangular shape in plan view, and is arranged so as to be arranged inside the holding body 4 (that is, not to protrude outside the holding body 4 in plan view). The opening area inside the ring is smaller than the opening area inside the ring of the holder 4. The auxiliary body 50 is fixed to both the support portion 42 and the holding body 4 by using a binding tool (not shown in FIGS. 9 and 10) similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 1 and the like.

図9および図10に示す倒木防止具1によれば、保持体4の他に補助体50を備えることによって、生長した樹木の根が倒木防止具1に絡み易くなるため、樹木をより確実に支持することができる。各補助体50は、上下に隣接するもの同士で平面視における長方形の向きが互いに相違しており、これによって、樹木の根を上下の補助体50で支持し易くすることができる。倒木防止具1が大型化するにつれて、保持体4の上下に配置する補助体50の数を更に増やしてもよく、倒木防止具1の高密度化を図ると共に土壌との接触面積を増加させて、地盤強化および倒木防止の効果を高めることができる。補助体は、環状のもの以外にスパイラル状のものであってもよく、図11に示すように、環状の補助体50およびスパイラル状の補助体52を、保持体4の内側に(すなわち、平面視において全体またはその主要部が保持体4の外方にはみ出さないように)配置して、倒木防止具1を構成することもできる。 According to the fallen tree preventive tool 1 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, by providing the auxiliary body 50 in addition to the holding body 4, the roots of the grown tree are easily entangled with the fallen tree preventive machine 1, so that the tree is more reliably supported. can do. Each of the auxiliary bodies 50 is vertically adjacent to each other, and the directions of the rectangles in a plan view are different from each other, whereby the roots of the tree can be easily supported by the upper and lower auxiliary bodies 50. As the fallen tree preventer 1 becomes larger, the number of the auxiliary bodies 50 arranged above and below the holding body 4 may be further increased to increase the density of the fallen tree preventer 1 and increase the contact area with the soil. , The effect of ground reinforcement and fallen trees can be enhanced. The auxiliary body may be a spiral one other than the annular one, and as shown in FIG. 11, the annular auxiliary body 50 and the spiral auxiliary body 52 are provided inside the holding body 4 (that is, in a plane). The fallen tree preventive tool 1 can also be configured by arranging the whole body or its main part so that it does not protrude to the outside of the holding body 4 when viewed.

倒木防止具1の連結構造体100の設置個所は、図5に示すような植栽穴12の底部の地面に限定されるものではなく、地盤面(GLライン)等であってもよく、例えば、地盤の嵩上工事、河川の護岸工事、生育地盤造成工事等を行う際に、連結構造体100を使用することができる。 The installation location of the connection structure 100 of the fallen tree preventive tool 1 is not limited to the ground at the bottom of the planting hole 12 as shown in FIG. 5, and may be the ground surface (GL line) or the like. The connection structure 100 can be used when performing ground uplifting work, river bank protection work, growing ground construction work, and the like.

本発明の倒木防止具の連結構造体を、盛土の法面に埋設する場合、図12に示す構成の倒木防止具1’を好適に使用することができる。この倒木防止具1’は、互いに大きさが相違する矩形枠状の2つの保持体4a,4bが、上下に間隔をあけて平行に配置されており、2つの保持体4a,4bは、これと直交する3つの枠状部材40a,40b,40cの支持部42a,42b,42cによって支持されている。更に、2つの保持体4a,4bには、内側から支持するように三角環状の補助体44および矩形環状の補助体46が挿通されている。三角環状の補助体44は、直角三角形状に形成されて、保持体4a,4bおよび枠状部材40a,40b,40cの双方と直交するように配置されている。また、矩形環状の補助体46は、保持体4a,4bに対して傾斜するように配置されている。三角環状の補助体44は、下方に突出する挿入部44aを備えており、倒木防止具1’を地面に固定する際に、挿入部44aを地面に挿入して倒木防止具1’の姿勢を安定させることにより、その後の杭部材20の打ち付けによる固定を容易に行うことができる。 When the connection structure of the fallen tree preventive tool of the present invention is embedded in the slope of the embankment, the fallen tree preventive tool 1'having the configuration shown in Fig. 12 can be preferably used. In this fallen tree preventive tool 1', two rectangular frame-shaped holding bodies 4a and 4b having different sizes are arranged in parallel with each other at a vertical interval, and the two holding bodies 4a and 4b are It is supported by the support portions 42a, 42b, 42c of the three frame-shaped members 40a, 40b, 40c orthogonal to the. Further, a triangular annular auxiliary body 44 and a rectangular annular auxiliary body 46 are inserted through the two holding bodies 4a and 4b so as to support them from the inside. The triangular annular auxiliary body 44 is formed in the shape of a right triangle and is arranged so as to be orthogonal to both the holding bodies 4a, 4b and the frame-shaped members 40a, 40b, 40c. Further, the rectangular annular auxiliary body 46 is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the holding bodies 4a and 4b. The triangular ring-shaped auxiliary body 44 includes an insertion portion 44a that protrudes downward, and when fixing the fallen tree preventive tool 1'to the ground, insert the insertable portion 44a into the ground to change the posture of the fallen tree preventive tool 1'. By making it stable, it is possible to easily fix the pile member 20 by subsequent driving.

図12に示す倒木防止具1’は、図13に示すように、小さい方の保持体4aが上方となる姿勢で、螺旋状の連結部材8により複数を連結して連結構造体100’を構成した後、杭部材20により地表面(地面)10に固定することができる。倒木防止具1’は、盛土26で埋設する際に、大きさが互いに相違する各保持体4a,4bを、盛土26の法面26a,26bの傾斜に沿うようにそれぞれ配置することができるので、盛土26の地盤強化を図ると共に、法面26a,26bに植栽した樹木30の倒木を確実に防止することができる。倒木防止具1’が備える保持体4a,4bは、本実施形態では2つとしているが、3つ以上の保持体を大きさが段階的に変化するように配置してもよい。傾斜する法面26a,26bに針葉樹を植栽する場合、法面26a,26bの下方に常緑広葉樹を植栽することが好ましい。図12に示す倒木防止具1’は、図1等に示す倒木防止具1と組み合わせて螺旋状の連結部材8で連結することにより、例えば、図14に示す連結構造体100’にすることもできる。 As shown in FIG. 13, the fallen tree preventive tool 1′ shown in FIG. 12 is a posture in which the smaller holding body 4a is in the upper position, and a plurality of spiral coupling members 8 are coupled to form a coupling structure 100′. After that, it can be fixed to the ground surface (ground) 10 by the pile member 20. When the fallen tree preventive tool 1'is embedded in the embankment 26, the holders 4a and 4b having different sizes can be arranged along the slopes of the slopes 26a and 26b of the embankment 26, respectively. The ground of the embankment 26 can be strengthened, and the fall of the trees 30 planted on the slopes 26a and 26b can be reliably prevented. In the present embodiment, the number of the holding bodies 4a and 4b provided in the fallen tree preventive tool 1'is two, but three or more holding bodies may be arranged so that the size thereof changes stepwise. When planting a coniferous tree on the slopes 26a and 26b, it is preferable to plant an evergreen broad-leaved tree below the slopes 26a and 26b. The fallen tree preventer 1'shown in FIG. 12 may be combined with the fallen tree preventer 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the like and connected by a spiral connecting member 8 to form a connecting structure 100' shown in FIG. 14, for example. it can.

また、図15に示すように、倒木防止具1,1’を複数積み上げて、それぞれを連結部材8で連結することにより、連結構造体100’を構成することも可能である。図15に示す連結部材8は、互いに近接して上下に延びるように平行に配置された縦材(支持部)の周りに装着されているが、図7や図8に示すように、連結部材8を保持体4の同方向に延びる部分の周りに装着してもよく、あるいは、これらを併用してもよい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 15, it is also possible to construct a connecting structure 100' by stacking a plurality of fallen tree preventive tools 1 and 1'and connecting them with a connecting member 8. The connecting member 8 shown in FIG. 15 is mounted around vertical members (supporting portions) arranged in parallel so as to extend vertically in close proximity to each other, but as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 may be mounted around the portion of the holding body 4 extending in the same direction, or these may be used together.

図15に示す連結構造体100’は、最下段の1段目の倒木防止具1,1’が、杭部材20により地面10に固定される。杭部材20の上端部は、2段目の倒木防止具1,1’の内部に入り込むように構成されている。2段目の倒木防止具1,1’については、係合される杭部材20’の下端部が、1段目の倒木防止具1,1’の内部に入り込むように構成されている。杭部材20,20’の上端部または下端部が倒木防止具1,1’の内部に入り込む長さは、倒木防止具1,1’の高さの2/3以上であることが好ましい。杭部材20,20’は、直筋状のものを使用することができるが、上端部が外部に露出するおそれがある杭部材20,20’については、上端部を湾曲させることが好ましい。 In the connecting structure 100 ′ shown in FIG. 15, the first-stage fallen tree preventive tools 1, 1 ′ at the bottom are fixed to the ground 10 by the pile members 20. The upper end of the pile member 20 is configured to enter the inside of the second-stage fallen tree preventive tool 1, 1'. The second-stage fall prevention tools 1, 1 ′ are configured such that the lower end portions of the pile members 20 ′ that are engaged with each other enter the inside of the first-stage fall prevention devices 1, 1 ′. It is preferable that the length of the upper end or the lower end of the pile members 20, 20' to enter the inside of the fallen tree preventive tools 1, 1'is ⅔ or more of the height of the fallen tree preventive tools 1, 1'. The pile members 20, 20 ′ may be straight streak-shaped members, but the pile members 20, 20 ′ whose upper ends may be exposed to the outside are preferably curved at the upper ends.

1 倒木防止具
2 縦材(支持部)
4 保持体
8 連結部材
20 杭部材
30 樹木
32 根
40 湾曲部材
42 支持部
44,46 補助体
50,52 補助体
100 倒木防止具の連結構造体
1 Fallen tree preventive device 2 Vertical member (supporting part)
4 holding body 8 connecting member 20 pile member 30 tree 32 root 40 curving member 42 supporting portions 44, 46 auxiliary body 50, 52 auxiliary body 100 connection structure of fallen tree preventive tool

Claims (6)

植栽した樹木の生長により根が絡むように土壌内に埋設される複数の倒木防止具の連結構造体であって、
前記各倒木防止具は、互いに平行に延びる3つ以上の支持部と、前記支持部に支持される環状の保持体とを備え、前記保持体は、複数が前記支持部に沿って間隔をあけて固定されており、
複数の前記倒木防止具が、螺旋状の連結部材により連結された倒木防止具の連結構造体。
A connecting structure of a plurality of fallen tree preventive devices embedded in soil so that the roots are entangled by the growth of planted trees,
Each of the fallen tree protectors includes three or more supporting portions extending in parallel to each other and an annular holding body supported by the supporting portions, and a plurality of the holding bodies are spaced along the supporting portion. Is fixed,
A connection structure of a fallen tree guard, wherein a plurality of the fallen tree guards are connected by a spiral connecting member.
複数の前記倒木防止具が、互いに近接して平行に配置された前記支持部同士の周りに前記連結部材が装着されて連結された請求項1に記載の倒木防止具の連結構造体。 The connection structure for a fallen tree guard according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of the fallen tree guards are connected by mounting the connecting member around the supporting portions arranged in parallel with each other. 複数の前記倒木防止具が、互いに近接して配置された前記各保持体の同方向に延びる部分の周りに前記連結部材が装着されて連結された請求項1に記載の倒木防止具の連結構造体。 The connection structure for a fallen tree preventer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of the fallen tree preventers are connected by attaching the connecting member around a portion of each of the holding bodies arranged in proximity to each other and extending in the same direction. body. 植栽した樹木の生長により根が絡むように土壌内に埋設される複数の倒木防止具を用いた倒木防止方法であって、
前記各倒木防止具は、互いに平行に延びる3つ以上の支持部と、前記支持部に支持される環状の保持体とを備え、前記保持体は、複数が前記支持部に沿って間隔をあけて固定されており、
複数の前記倒木防止具を地面に近接配置して、螺旋状の連結部材により連結する連結ステップと、
連結された前記倒木防止具を杭部材により地面に固定する固定ステップと、
固定された前記倒木防止具を土壌内に埋設した後、前記倒木防止具の近傍に樹木を植栽する植栽ステップとを備える倒木防止方法。
A method for preventing fallen trees using a plurality of fallen tree preventives embedded in the soil so that the roots are entangled by the growth of the planted tree,
Each of the fallen tree protectors includes three or more supporting portions extending in parallel to each other and an annular holding body supported by the supporting portions, and a plurality of the holding bodies are spaced along the supporting portion. Is fixed,
A connecting step in which the plurality of fallen tree preventive devices are arranged close to the ground, and are connected by a spiral connecting member,
A fixing step of fixing the fallen tree preventive tool connected to the ground by a pile member,
A method for preventing fallen trees, comprising a step of burying the fixed fallen tree preventer in soil and then planting trees in the vicinity of the fallen tree preventer.
前記連結ステップは、複数の前記倒木防止具のいずれかの前記支持部同士を互いに近接させて平行に配置し、前記連結部材を回転させながら前記支持部同士に沿って進出させることにより、前記支持部同士の周りに前記連結部材を装着する請求項4に記載の倒木防止方法。 In the connecting step, the supporting portions of any one of the plurality of fallen tree preventive devices are arranged in parallel with each other in close proximity to each other, and the supporting members are advanced by advancing along the supporting portions while rotating the connecting member. The fallen tree prevention method according to claim 4, wherein the connecting member is attached around the parts. 前記連結ステップは、複数の前記倒木防止具のいずれかの前記保持体同士を互いに近接させて配置し、前記連結部材を回転させながら前記各保持体の同方向に延びる部分に沿って進出させることにより、前記保持体の周りに前記連結部材を装着する請求項4に記載の倒木防止方法。 In the connecting step, the holding bodies of any one of the plurality of fallen tree preventive devices are arranged close to each other, and the connecting members are advanced along the portions extending in the same direction while rotating the connecting members. The fallen tree prevention method according to claim 4, wherein the connecting member is mounted around the holding body.
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