JP2020025987A - Gap closing structure between cover and door in machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a gap closing structure capable of surely preventing cutting liquid from leaking from a gap between a cover and a door to the outside in a machine tool without taking much running cost and lowering productivity of the machine tool.SOLUTION: A gap closing structure 3 includes: a first shield wall 31 which extends from a tip edge of an opening edge section 11 of a cover 1 toward a door 2 side; a second shield wall 32 which extends from a tip edge of a door edge section 22 of the door 2 toward the cover 1 side; a third shield wall 33 which extends from a tip edge of the second shield wall 32 toward the first shield wall 31 side; a movable shield plate 34 which is arranged along one surface of the third shield wall 33 so as to close a gap between a tip edge of the third shield wall 33 and an external surface of the first shield wall 31 and is held to be slidable in the width direction on the third shield wall 33 by holding means 331; and an energization member 35 which energizes the movable shield plate 34 so that a tip edge of the movable shield plate 34 is pressed on the external surface of the first shield wall 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a gap closing structure for preventing a cutting fluid from leaking from a gap between a cover surrounding a processing area of a work and having an opening and a door that opens and closes the opening in a machine tool.

Generally, various types of machine tools such as lathes, grinders, and machining centers are provided with covers that surround the work area of the work and are separated from the outside. The powder is prevented from scattering to the outside. At the front of the cover or the like, a substantially rectangular opening for mounting or removing a work to or from a work table in a processing area is formed. The opening is opened and closed by a substantially rectangular door movably provided along the outer surface of the cover.
Here, in a state where the opening of the cover is closed by the door, a gap is formed between the opening edge of the cover in the opening direction of the door and the door edge of the opening in the opening direction facing the opening edge. Therefore, the cutting fluid may leak to the outside from the gap.

In order to prevent the cutting fluid from leaking from the gap, there is known a cover and a door provided with a gap closing structure called a labyrinth structure in the gap portion (for example, Patent Document 1 below). reference).
As shown in FIG. 4, the labyrinth structure (300) includes a first shielding wall (301) extending from the leading edge of the opening edge (101) of the cover (100) toward the door (200), and a door (200). A second shielding wall (302) extending from the leading edge of the edge (202) toward the cover (100); and a second shielding wall (302) facing the first shielding wall (301) from the leading edge of the second shielding wall (302). It comprises a third shielding wall (303) that extends, and a fourth shielding wall (304) that extends from the leading edge of the first shielding wall (301) toward the second shielding wall (302).
However, in the case of the above labyrinth structure (300), the positional relationship between the door (200) and the cover (100) changes due to a manufacturing error, an assembly error, a linear motion error when opening and closing the door (200). The gap between the shielding walls (301), (302), (303), and (304) constituting the (300) needs to be widened so as not to hinder opening and closing of the door (200). As a result, when the momentum of the cutting fluid (C) injected and supplied to the processing area is strong, the cutting fluid (C) may leak out beyond the labyrinth structure (300).

  Therefore, in order to more reliably prevent the leakage of the cutting fluid (C), as shown in FIG. 5, the first shielding wall (301) of the labyrinth structure (300) is provided with a wiper (500) made of a rubber material. Is mounted so that the leading edge thereof comes into contact with the inner surface of the door. The wiper (500) is attached to the first shielding wall (301) in a state protruding slightly longer from the leading edge of the first shielding wall (301) in order to absorb a change in the gap with the inner surface of the door (200). As a result, the state where the wiper (500) is in contact with the inner surface of the door (200) is maintained, and the sealing property is maintained.

JP 2010-228045 A

However, when the wiper (500) is attached, the door (200) slides with the tip edge of the wiper (500) always in contact with the inner surface of the door (200). Therefore, the wiper (500) wears due to friction with the inner surface of the door (200) and biting chips or the like adhered to the inner surface of the door (200) .The wiper (500) is made of a rubber material. Therefore, depending on the type of the cutting fluid (C) (for example, an oil-based cutting fluid), the wiper (500) is significantly deteriorated, and the sealing function is lost.
In order to prevent this, it is necessary to replace the wiper (500). However, running costs are increased, and the stoppage of the machine at the time of replacement leads to a decrease in productivity. Further, since it is difficult to predict the timing of the decrease in the sealing function of the wiper (500), there is a possibility that the leakage of the cutting fluid (C) cannot be prevented beforehand.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and prevents leakage of cutting fluid from a gap between a cover and a door in a machine tool to the outside without increasing running costs and improving productivity of the machine tool. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gap closing structure that can be reliably prevented without lowering.

  The present invention has the following aspects to attain the object mentioned above.

1) A machine tool provided with a cover provided so as to separate a processing area of a work from the outside and having an opening, and a door that is moved along the outer surface of the cover to open and close the opening. When the door is in the closed position, the gap formed between the opening edge of the cover on the opening direction side of the door and the door edge of the door on the opening direction facing the opening edge of the door, A gap closing structure for preventing cutting fluid supplied to the processing area from leaking outside,
A first shielding wall extending from a leading edge of the opening edge toward the door;
A second shielding wall extending from a front edge of the door edge toward the cover;
A third shielding wall extending from a leading edge of the second shielding wall toward the first shielding wall,
The third shielding wall is arranged along one surface of the third shielding wall so as to close a gap between a leading edge of the third shielding wall and an outer surface of the first shielding wall, and has a width equal to the width of the third shielding wall by holding means. A movable shielding plate slidably held in a direction,
A biasing member for biasing the movable shielding plate so that a leading edge of the movable shielding plate is pressed against an outer surface of the first shielding wall; a gap closing structure between the cover and the door in the machine tool.

2) The cover of the machine tool according to 1) above, wherein a leading edge of the movable shielding plate is formed to have a bent edge substantially bent in an L shape toward the door side along the outer surface of the first shielding wall. And a structure for closing the gap between the doors.

3) The structure for closing a gap between a cover and a door in a machine tool according to 1) or 2) above, wherein a plurality of the urging members are provided at intervals in a length direction of the movable shielding plate.

According to the structure for closing the gap between the cover and the door in the machine tool of the above 1), the movable shielding plate is slidably held on the third shielding wall by the holding means in a state of being urged by the urging member. Therefore, the movable shielding plate has a movable range in the horizontal direction, and the leading edge of the movable shielding plate is moved by the urging force of the urging member according to the distance between the outer surface of the first shielding wall and the leading edge of the third shielding wall. It is pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding wall.
Therefore, according to the above-described gap closing structure 1), even if the positional relationship between the door and the cover changes due to a door manufacturing error, an assembly error, a linear motion error at the time of opening and closing, etc. Even if the door or the cover rattles due to the above, it is possible to maintain the state where the leading edge of the movable shielding plate is in contact with the outer surface of the first shielding wall by the urging force of the urging member, and the cutting fluid is Leakage can be reliably prevented.
Further, according to the gap closing structure of 1), since a consumable wiper made of a rubber-based material is not used, running cost is not required, and stoppage of the machine tool due to replacement of the wiper is not required. , The productivity does not decrease.

  According to the structure for preventing a gap from being closed between the cover and the door in the machine tool of the above 2), the distal end edge of the movable shielding plate is bent in a substantially L shape toward the door along the outer surface of the first shielding wall. Since the cutting fluid is composed of the bent edges and hits the bent edges and rebounds inward, leakage of the cutting fluid can be more reliably prevented.

  According to the structure for preventing the gap between the cover and the door in the machine tool of the above 3), the door is in the closed position because a plurality of biasing members are provided at intervals in the length direction of the movable shielding plate. Sometimes, even when the distance between the outer surface of the first shielding wall and the leading edge of the third shielding wall is different in the length direction of the movable shielding plate, that is, even when both are not parallel to each other, the position at the position of each biasing member is Since the urging force of the urging member acts according to the distance between the outer surface of the first shielding wall and the leading edge of the third shielding wall, the entire leading edge of the movable shielding plate is pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding wall. Thus, leakage of the cutting fluid can be more reliably prevented.

1 is a horizontal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, omitting an internal structure. It is a horizontal sectional view which expands and shows the clearance gap closing structure between a cover and a door in the same machine tool. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2. It is a horizontal sectional view expanding and showing the labyrinth structure (gap closing structure) between the cover and the door in the conventional machine tool. FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view showing a conventional example in which a wiper is added to the labyrinth structure shown in FIG. 4.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
In the following description, “front” refers to each lower part in FIGS. 1 and 2, “rear” refers to each upper part in FIGS. 1 and 2, and “left and right” refer to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. The term “up and down” refers to the left and right, and “up and down” refers to the up and down in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, for example, a machine tool such as a lathe, a grinding machine, a machining center, and the like includes a substantially box-shaped cover (1) provided so as to surround a work area (X) of a work. The front cover (12) of the cover (1) is formed with a substantially rectangular opening (10) for mounting and unloading a work on a work table (not shown) in the processing area (X). I have.
A door (2) is attached to the front cover part (12) so as to be movable in the left-right direction along the outer surface thereof. The door (2) is of a single-sided type having a substantially rectangular shape slightly larger than the opening (10), and has a handle (21) provided on a door end side (here, left side) portion of an outer surface thereof. The opening (10) is opened and closed by moving it in the left-right direction.
When the door (2) is in the closed position, the front cover (12) and the door (2) have an opening edge ( 11) and a gap generated between the opening edge side of the door (2) facing the opening edge part (11), that is, the right door edge part (22), and the cutting injected and supplied to the processing area (X). A gap closing structure (3) is provided to prevent the liquid (C) from leaking to the outside.

The above-mentioned gap closing structure (3) is shown in detail in FIGS. A first shielding wall (31) is provided at the opening edge (11) on the right side of the front cover portion (12) and extends forward from the front edge toward the door (2). A second shielding wall (32) extending rearward from the leading edge toward the cover (1) is provided at the right door edge (22) of the door (2). ), A third shielding wall (33) extending leftward from the leading edge toward the first shielding wall (31).
On the surface of the third shielding wall (33) on the cover (1) side, that is, on the rear surface, a gap is formed along the same surface between the leading edge of the third shielding wall (33) and the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31). A movable shielding plate (34) is provided so as to be able to close and is slidably held in the third shielding wall (33) in the width direction, that is, in the left-right direction by the holding means. The leading edge of the movable shielding plate (34) extends from the door (2) side, that is, the bent edge (341) bent substantially in the forward direction along the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31). Become. The movable shielding plate (34) is urged by an urging member (35) such that the left side surface of the bent edge (341) is pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31). In this embodiment, the biasing member (35) is made of a compression coil spring.
In this embodiment, a case (331) fixed to the rear surface of the third shielding wall (33) is provided as a holding means. The case (331) is fastened and fixed to the rear surface of the third shielding wall (33) by bolts (332) at a plurality of (two in this case) height positions spaced vertically. The case (331) is a flat box having a length substantially equal to the length of the movable shielding plate (34) and the length of the third shielding wall (33).
The case (331) has a slit (333) that opens on the side surface on the first shielding wall (31) side, that is, the left side surface, and that can slidably accommodate a part of the movable shielding plate (34) in the left-right width direction. , Formed over the entire length.
The case (331) has a bottomed horizontal surface that is open on the side surface opposite to the first shielding wall (31), that is, the right side surface, and that can accommodate a compression coil spring that constitutes the urging member (35). The receiving hole (334) is formed so as to communicate with the slit (333). A plurality (three in this case) of receiving holes (334) are provided at intervals in the vertical direction (see FIG. 3). An internal thread is provided in an opening (335) of each accommodation hole (334).
Then, while the compression coil spring (35) is housed in the housing hole (334), the plug (336) having a male screw is screwed into the opening (335) of the housing hole (334), so that the compression coil spring ( The distal end of 35) is pressed against the base edge (right edge) of the movable shielding plate (34). Although not shown in the drawings, the movable shield plate (34) has, for example, a height of the base edge (right edge) located in each of the storage holes (334). It is preferable that a stopper is provided to prevent the movable shielding plate (34) from coming off the slit (333) by coming into contact with the bottom or the like.
At the base end (right end) of the movable shielding plate (34), a notch of a substantially horizontal U-shape is provided at a height position corresponding to each bolt (332) to avoid interference with the bolt (332) when sliding. (342) is formed.
The holding means is not limited to the case (331), but may be any as long as it can slidably hold the movable shielding plate (34) on the third shielding wall (33). The biasing member (35) may be a biasing material (for example, a leaf spring, an elastomer, etc.) other than the compression coil spring, and its mounting position may be other than the case (331), for example, the third shielding wall (33). It may be directly fixed to. The movable shielding plate (34) is provided along the surface of the third shielding wall (33) on the cover (1) side (rear side) as shown in FIG. 2) It may be provided along the side (front side).

In the above-described gap closing structure (3), when the door (2) is in the open position, the movable shielding plate (34) has its leading edge at the third shielding wall (33) by the urging force of the urging member (35). ) Is the most protruding state from the leading edge. In this state, since the urging forces of the plurality of urging members (35) act almost equally on the movable shielding plate (34), the leading edge of the third shielding wall (33) and the bending of the movable shielding plate (34) are bent. The edge (341) is substantially parallel when viewed from the front-back direction.
When the door (2) is moved from the open position to the closed position by operating the handle (21) of the door (2), the movable shielding plate (34) is moved shortly before the door (2) reaches the closed position. ), The bent edge portion (341) abuts on the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31). Thereafter, the door (2) is moved to the closed position against the urging force of the urging member (35), and the door (2) is fixed to the closed position by a lock mechanism (not shown). In this state, the bent edge portion (341) of the movable shielding plate (34) is kept pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31) by the urging force of the urging member (35).
Further, in the gap closing structure (3), the plurality of biasing members (35) are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the movable shielding plate (34) and the case (331), so that the door ( When the distance between the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31) and the leading edge of the third shielding wall (33) is different in the length direction when the second shielding wall (31) is in the closed position, The biasing force of each biasing member (35) is movable according to the inclination of the third shielding wall (33) even when the third shielding wall (33) is inclined with respect to the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31) when viewed from the front-back direction. By acting on the shielding plate (34), the bent edge (341) of the movable shielding plate (34) is pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31) over the entire length, and no gap is formed between the two.

  As described above, according to the gap closing structure (3) of this embodiment, when the door (2) is in the closed position, the bent edge portion (341) of the movable shielding plate (34) pushes the urging member (35). Is pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding plate (31) by the urging force of the first cover (31). Even if the distance between the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31) and the third shielding wall (33) changes due to the above, the rattling of the door (2) and the cover (1) due to vibrations during processing, etc. Even if there is, the movable shielding plate (34) can be kept pressed against the outer surface of the first shielding wall (31), so that the opening edge (11) of the cover (1) and the door (2) The cutting fluid (C) is reliably prevented from leaking to the outside through the gap with the door edge (22). Moreover, according to the above structure, the cutting fluid (C) rebounds inside the bent edge (341) by the bent edge (341) of the movable shielding plate (34), so that the above-described cutting fluid leakage prevention effect is obtained. Is further enhanced. Further, according to the gap closing structure (3), the initial operation force when the door (2) is slid in the opening direction is supported by the urging force of the urging member (35), thereby burdening the operator. In addition, when the door (2) is closed, the effect of absorbing the impact of the movable shielding plate (34) contacting the first shielding wall (31) can be obtained.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is suitably used as a gap closing structure for preventing a cutting fluid from leaking from a gap between a cover and a door in various machine tools such as a lathe, a grinding machine, and a machining center.

(1) Cover
(10) Opening
(11) Opening edge
(2) Door
(22) Door edge
(3) Clearance closure structure
(31) First shielding wall
(32) Second shielding wall
(33) Third shielding wall
(331) Case (holding means)
(34) Movable shielding plate
(341) Bent edge
(35) Compression coil spring (biasing member)

Claims (3)

A machine tool provided with a cover surrounding a work area of a workpiece and provided with an opening and having an opening, and a door that opens and closes the opening by being moved along an outer surface of the cover. When the door is in the closed position, the gap formed between the opening edge of the cover on the opening direction side of the door and the door edge of the door on the opening direction facing the opening edge of the door, A gap closing structure for preventing cutting fluid supplied to the processing area from leaking outside,
A first shielding wall extending from a leading edge of the opening edge toward the door;
A second shielding wall extending from a front edge of the door edge toward the cover;
A third shielding wall extending from a leading edge of the second shielding wall toward the first shielding wall,
The third shielding wall is arranged along one surface of the third shielding wall so as to close a gap between a leading edge of the third shielding wall and an outer surface of the first shielding wall, and has a width equal to the width of the third shielding wall by holding means. A movable shielding plate slidably held in a direction,
An urging member that urges the movable shielding plate such that a leading edge of the movable shielding plate is pressed against an outer surface of the first shielding wall,
A gap closing structure between a cover and a door in a machine tool.   The cover according to claim 1, wherein a front edge of the movable shielding plate includes a bent edge portion that is bent substantially in an L shape toward the door side along the outer surface of the first shielding wall. Closed structure between doors. The gap closing structure between a cover and a door in a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the urging members are provided at intervals in a length direction of the movable shielding plate.

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