JP2019536938A - Apparatus and method for injecting mixing gas into exhaust line - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for injecting a mixing gas into an exhaust line of an exhaust gas of an engine, the apparatus having one or more inlet openings, a first wall, and one or more outlet openings, and downstream of the first wall. A plurality of walls including a second wall located on the side, and an injection means for injecting a gas for mixing between the first wall and the second wall, wherein between the first wall and the second wall, The mixing gas and exhaust gas can be mixed.

Description

  The present invention relates generally to the injection of a gas mixture (GAZ A MELANGER), and more particularly to an apparatus for injecting, for example, exhaust gas of an engine into an exhaust line. The invention also relates to related assemblies, exhaust lines and methods.

The generation of pollutants from transport has been a major industry driving force (MOTEUR) for about 30 years. Four regulated pollutants (CO, HC, NO _x, particles) by progressively stricter emission regulations to, have especially in large urban areas, thereby enabling significant improvement in air quality.

With the ever-increasing use of vehicles, continuous efforts are needed to better reduce the emission of such pollutants. Therefore, highly efficient purification technology available under all operating conditions is a major challenge in the transportation industry. In this context, the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) in lean mixtures, ie mixtures containing excess oxygen, is an important issue with complex problems.

Furthermore, with directly discharging the CO _2, the consumption of fuel is noted for several years as a matter of concern largely with respect to automobiles. As a result, at the European level, the regulation to start with a 2012 with respect to CO ₂ emissions of passenger cars (VEHICULE PARTICULIER) have been established. To date, the cap has been gradually reduced over the coming decades. Therefore, the reduction of CO ₂ emissions can not be avoided as the driving force of the new progress for the entire transportation industry (S'EST IMPOSEE).

The dual problem of reducing local pollution (NO _x ) and reducing fuel consumption (CO ₂ ) is particularly difficult to solve for diesel engines. The combustion of the lean mixture, because with difficulty of NO _x emissions treatment.

In this context, the technique of SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) aftertreatment is used in both passenger cars and vehicles used to transport cargo. Therefore set to a state of operating the engine at optimum efficiency, strongly perform NO _x emissions, then processed for exhaust by SCR system makes it possible to reduce highly effectively the NO _x.

  The SCR comprises mixing an active substance, for example a gas or a liquid, in particular a reducing agent such as a reducing gas, for example gaseous ammonia, with the exhaust gas and passing the mixture through a catalyst arranged in the exhaust line, or Including passing through.

In the catalyst, the reducing agent converts nitrogen oxides to nitrogen and water. When the reducing agent is ammonia, NH _3, the reaction is as follows.
4 NO + 4 NH ₃ + O ₂ = 4 N ₂ + 6 H ₂ O

  Under the influence of the heat of the exhaust gas, a solution (or liquid) of urea can be injected, which changes to ammonia.

  The aqueous solution of urea that is actually adopted and standardized for the function of the system during the SCR process is identified as AUS32 (the trade name in Europe is Adblue®).

However, this very effective method has several disadvantages. In some cases, especially in the case of urban buses, the effect is limited during cold weather. Urea reservoirs typically have significant weight and volume, such as 15-30 liters for passenger vehicles and 40-80 liters for heavy freight vehicles. This bulk adds complexity when mounted on a slightly larger vehicle than when the vehicle is small. Fuel consumption of the vehicle, and the expense of emissions of CO _2, excessive weight along with, the cost of high purification can take.

  The reducing agent can be injected in the form of a mixing gas. This is made possible, for example, by storing the reducing agent, for example ammonia, as a solid, for example by absorbing gas in the material, for example salt. The storage of gas, for example ammonia, takes place in salt in the form of an amine-based chemical complex.

  Storage of the mixing gas, e.g. the reducing agent, in the form of absorbed gas, in particular in the colder months, with greater efficiency and with a more compact mixing zone containing the exhaust gas, also provides a liquid, e.g. an aqueous solution. Is advantageous in terms of volume.

  If the active substance is injected in the form of a mixing gas, it is difficult to mix it with the exhaust gas. This is because there is a risk of compromising the effectiveness of the targeted reaction, for example, SCR. The mixer may be located downstream from the injection, but the effectiveness of known devices is still limited.

  Another problem with injecting gas, for example, gaseous ammonia, into the exhaust line is that when certain elements (catalysts, filters, injectors, sensors, etc.) are added, the bulk in the line increases. to cause. This reduces the likelihood of producing the elements required for the reaction, eg, SCR.

  One goal of the present invention is to make the elements involved in injecting and mixing gas along the exhaust line more compact.

For this purpose, there is provided a device for injecting a mixing gas into an exhaust line of an exhaust gas of an engine, which device comprises
One or more inlet openings;
A plurality of walls, including a first wall and a second wall having one or more outlet openings and located downstream of the first wall;
Injection means for injecting a gas for mixing between the first wall and the second wall,
The mixing gas and the exhaust gas can be mixed between the first wall and the second wall.

  This device is particularly compact. In particular, this no longer requires a mixer downstream from the injection. The injection device ensures mixing of the mixing gas with the exhaust gas. In addition, the mixing becomes particularly efficient.

  The present invention is accomplished with superior advantages, using the following features alone or in any combination thereof that is technically possible.

The plurality of walls comprises at least one intermediate wall located between the first wall and the second wall, the intermediate wall including one or more openings;
Fluid between the at least one opening of the upstream wall of at least one of the plurality of walls and the at least one opening of the downstream wall of the plurality of walls without passing through the zone Configured to provide communication and comprising means for bypassing the zone at at least one opening;
Further comprising a side wall connecting the first wall and the second wall and defining an internal space by the first wall and the second wall;
The injection means is adapted to be located in the exhaust line and allows the passage of exhaust gases between the side wall and the wall of the exhaust line;
The side wall is separate from the exhaust line wall;
Further comprising attachment means for attaching the device to an exhaust line;
The device has an area that spans one cross section of the exhaust line (FORME UNE SECTION DE);
The side wall contacts the exhaust line and / or forms part of the wall of the exhaust line;
· Equipped with mixing gas supply means of the injection means;
The attachment means has mixing gas supply means;
The first wall and / or the side wall comprises one or more of the one or more inlet openings;
The infusion means is located on the first wall and / or extends from the first wall between the first and second walls;
The size of the opening, and / or the total opening area, and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings are at least one of the plurality of walls; Change with respect to;
The size of the opening and / or the total opening area and / or the total area density of the opening area and / or the total volume density of the opening area and / or the quantity of the opening of at least one of the plurality of walls; , With respect to at least one other of the plurality of walls.

  Furthermore, the invention relates to an exhaust line provided with this device.

  The invention further relates to an assembly comprising an engine and an exhaust system and / or exhaust line, the assembly comprising the device.

Furthermore, the present invention is achieved with excellent advantages, using the following features alone or in any combination thereof technically possible.
A selective catalytic reduction system for the exhaust gas and / or an oxidation catalyst.

  The invention further relates to a vehicle provided with the device and / or the exhaust line and / or the assembly.

Further, the present invention relates to a method of injecting a mixing gas into an exhaust gas exhaust line of an engine implemented using this device, the method comprising:
Introducing exhaust gas between the first and second walls;
Injecting a mixing gas between the first wall and the second wall;
Mixing the introduced exhaust gas with the injected mixing gas,
Discharging the mixed exhaust gas and the mixing gas through at least one opening of the second wall.

  Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent through the accompanying drawings and the following description of the invention.

1 schematically illustrates an exhaust line according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 schematically illustrates a heat engine with a selective catalytic reduction system for engine exhaust gas according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a side view schematically showing an injection device according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a front view schematically showing an injection device according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a rear view schematically showing an injection device according to one example of an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view showing roughly the injection device concerning other examples of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view showing roughly the injection device concerning other examples of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 schematically illustrates a wall according to an example embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing an injection device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention. 5 schematically illustrates an injection method according to yet another example of an embodiment of the present invention.

Exhaust Line and Assembly An exhaust line for exhaust gas of the engine 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The exhaust line is provided with a device for injecting a mixing gas into the exhaust line of the exhaust gas of the engine, as described below. Alternatively or additionally, an assembly including the engine and / or the exhaust line, ie, an assembly including the injector, will be described. Alternatively or additionally, a vehicle including the exhaust line or the assembly will be described. For example, the exhaust line has a wall.

  For example, the mixing gas (i.e., the addition gas) is a reducing gas, contains a reducing gas, or consists essentially of a reducing gas. The reducing gas is, for example, gaseous ammonia and / or gaseous hydrogen. The mixing gas is, for example, oxygen or contains oxygen.

  The engine 1 is, for example, a heat engine. The heat engine may be, for example, an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine or a lean gasoline engine, such as a direct injection stratified gasoline direct injection engine.

  The engine 1 includes, for example, a selective catalytic reduction system for exhaust gases, for example, using a reducing gas such as, for example, gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen, as described below.

  The exhaust line or assembly is configured, for example, at the outlet side of the engine 1 to flow the exhaust gas 12 generated from the engine toward, for example, the purification system 2. The exhaust line or assembly includes a purification system 2. The purification system 2 may include an oxidation catalyst, for example, a diesel oxidation catalyst, and / or a three-way catalyst. Further, the purification system 2 may include a particle filter.

  The device 3 for injecting a mixing gas, for example, gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen into an exhaust line of an exhaust gas of an engine described later is, for example, a downstream side of an outlet of the engine 1, for example, a purification system. It may be located upstream or downstream of 2. The exhaust line or assembly is provided with this device 3, for example.

  Downstream means the direction in which the exhaust gas flows along the exhaust line and the direction from the engine to the exhaust outlet.

  The upstream meaning is the direction opposite to the direction in which the exhaust gas flows along the exhaust line, that is, the direction from the exhaust outlet to the engine.

  The device 3 makes it possible to inject a mixing gas in the exhaust line of the engine and mix it with the exhaust gas. The device 3 makes it possible, for example, to form a mixing gas / exhaust gas mixture 13. An additional mixer (not shown) can be added, for example, downstream of the apparatus, to further mix the mixing gas with the exhaust gas. However, since the device 3 has already enabled mixing, this mixer is no longer necessary or its size can be significantly reduced.

  At least in the device 3, the exhaust line includes a section having a cross-sectional width through which the exhaust gas flows, the cross-sectional width being defined by walls of the exhaust line.

The SCR catalytic converter 4 may for example be located downstream of the device, for example downstream of the mixer. The exhaust line or assembly includes, for example, an SCR catalytic converter. The SCR catalytic converter 4 is therefore adapted to pass a mixing gas / exhaust gas mixture here. SCR catalytic converter 4, for example, are adapted to allow the reduction of the NO _x by the mixing gas. The device 3 may for example comprise an SCR catalytic converter, which may be reduced in size or omitted.

  At least one complementary aftertreatment element 5, for example a plurality of complementary elements, may be located downstream of the SCR catalytic converter 4. The exhaust line or assembly comprises, for example, a complementary element 5. The complementary element 5 may have a particle filter or an oxidation catalyst. The exhaust gas therefore exits at the outlet of the complementary element 5 in the form of purified exhaust gas 14. Alternatively or additionally, the SCR catalytic converter may include a supplementary element 5. Thus, the SCR catalytic converter 4 may include a particulate filter, particularly a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and constitutes an SCR catalytic converter with a filter (SCRF, or "selective catalytic reaction with a filter"). Therefore, it is feasible to build up an exhaust line or system without the complementary element 5 or with the complementary element 5 of reduced size, to save more space.

  This line may include an exhaust outlet 17 located downstream of the device 3, for example downstream of the SCR catalytic converter 4, for example downstream of the complementary element 5. The purified exhaust gas is sent to, for example, an exhaust outlet 17. The exhaust structure comprises, for example, from upstream of the engine 1 to downstream of the exhaust outlet 17, for example, a purification system 2, a device 3, for example, an SCR catalytic converter 4, and for example, a complementary element 5.

System and Assembly Referring to FIG. 2, a description will be given of a system for exhausting gas of the engine 1, for example, a selective catalytic reduction system, which is provided with an injection device described later. Alternatively or additionally, an assembly comprising the engine and system is also described. Alternatively or additionally, a vehicle provided with the system or assembly is also described.

  The engine 1 is controlled by, for example, an electronic control system (CALCULATEUR) 11. The system or assembly includes, for example, an electronic control system 11.

  The system or assembly may include a reservoir 8 for a mixing gas, for example gaseous ammonia, and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen. The storage container 8 may include the storage structure 7 and / or house the storage structure 7. The storage structure 7 may, for example, be controlled in terms of temperature by a heating means 9 in the system or assembly, for example a heating element. Thus, the supply and quantification of the mixing gas, for example the gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen and / or oxygen, can be ensured at the mixing gas inlet (16) of the device 3. Alternatively or additionally, the heating means is, for example, a means or element for reheating and / or cooling, or comprises such means or element. The heating means 9 includes, for example, a heat exchanger or an electric resistor to which a heat transfer fluid such as an engine coolant is supplied.

  The heating means 9 makes it possible, for example, to supply heat directly into the storage container 8. Alternatively or additionally, the heating means 9 makes it possible, for example, to conduct heat from outside the reservoir 8 into the reservoir 8.

  In particular, the heating means 9 makes it possible, for example, to supply heat to the storage structure 7.

  The storage structure 7 includes, for example, a material suitable for storing the mixed gas in a reliable state. This material includes, for example, salts such as alkaline earth metal salts. The storage structure 7 comprises for example a layer of container material, for example at least two layers of container material. The container material is, for example, a powdered salt, wherein at least two layers of the powdered salt are separated from each other, for example, by at least one layer of a material that is thermally conductive and / or deformable.

  The layers in the storage structure 7 may be rotationally symmetric about a common axis. The storage structure 7 has, for example, a concave portion therein, for example, a concave portion along an axis of rotational symmetry, and stores and / or removes the gas for mixing in each layer of the salt.

  The storage structure 7 may include a channel groove for flowing a mixing gas, for example gaseous ammonia, and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen from outside the storage container 8 to the salt layer and / or in the opposite direction. .

  The heating means 9 may include one or more heating modules (not shown), each heating module being independent of another heating module and / or independent of another salt layer, Is adapted to heat the layers.

  The storage container 8 is, for example, directed to a device for the determination of a mixing gas, for example gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen and / or oxygen, and / or to a pressure control 6 in the storage container, towards the device 3. It is connected. The pressure control unit 6 may be controlled by a dedicated electronic control unit 10 connected to an electronic control system 11 of the engine. In another configuration (not shown), the pressure control unit 6 may be directly controlled by the electronic control system 11.

  The pressure control unit 6 is, for example, a valve, for example, a solenoid valve.

  The system or assembly therefore uses, for example, the gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen and / or oxygen, from upstream to downstream in the direction of the mixing gas circulation, for example a storage vessel 8, for example a pressure control 6, and an exhaust for example. A mixing gas supply circuit (200, that is, a supply channel system) including a device 3 for injecting a mixing gas into the line may be included.

Equipment [whole structure]
With reference to FIGS. 3a to 3c to FIG. 7, a mixing gas, for example gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen and / or oxygen, is injected into the exhaust line of the exhaust gas of the engine, for example the above-mentioned exhaust line and / or the engine. An apparatus for performing the above will be described.

  The device includes, for example, a plurality of walls.

  The plurality of walls include, for example, a first wall 31.

  The device includes, for example, one or more inlet openings 311.

  The first wall 31 has, for example, one or more inlet openings 311, for example, a single inlet opening or a set of inlet openings. Therefore, the first wall 31 can constitute an entrance wall.

  The plurality of walls include, for example, the second wall 32. The second wall 32 includes, for example, one or more outlet openings 321. The second wall 32 is located, for example, downstream of the first wall 31. Therefore, the second wall 32 can constitute an outlet wall.

  The apparatus comprises, for example, injection means 36 for injecting a mixing gas, for example gaseous ammonia, and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen. The injection means is, for example, adapted to allow injection of a mixing gas between the first wall and the second wall.

  The injection means and / or the plurality of walls and / or the device are configured, for example, to allow mixing of the mixing gas and the exhaust gas between the first wall and the second wall.

  Further, the inlet opening allows exhaust gas to come from the upstream side in the exhaust line and flows into the space between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Here, a mixing gas is also introduced. The plurality of walls and the inlet opening 311 and the outlet opening 321 allow for space restriction and fluid circulation at the inlet and outlet of this space so as to form a mixing zone. The outlet opening 321 thus allows the mixture of the exhaust gas and the mixing gas to leave the mixing zone in the direction of the exhaust outlet 17.

  This device is particularly compact. In particular, it no longer requires a mixer downstream of the injection. The injector ensures mixing of the reducing gas and the exhaust gas. In addition to this, the mixing is particularly effective.

[Multiple walls]
The plurality of walls may include at least one intermediate wall, for example, a plurality of intermediate walls. Each intermediate wall is located, for example, between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Each intermediate wall may include a plurality of intermediate openings. Accordingly, the flow between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 is improved, for example by adjusting or controlling the flow, for example by limiting the reduction of the gas flow, so as to improve the mixing of the mixing gas with the exhaust gas. Can be adapted. The plurality of intermediate walls may include, for example, a third wall 33 having one or more intermediate openings 331 and a fourth wall 34 having one or more intermediate openings 341.

  Thus, the plurality of walls may include a total of at least three walls, e.g., four walls, e.g., five walls, e.g., five or more walls, e.g., ten walls, e.g., ten or more walls. .

  Each of the first wall 31, and / or the second wall 32, and / or at least one intermediate wall, for example, each of the plurality of walls is separated from, for example, an adjacent wall of the plurality of walls, and, for example, of the plurality of walls. Form a mixing zone, for example with each adjacent wall.

  Thus, the plurality of walls form a stack of walls separated from each other by at least one zone. For example, a zone located directly downstream of the first wall, whether between the first wall and the second wall if there is no intermediate wall, or otherwise between the first wall and the most upstream intermediate wall. Form, for example, a first zone. If the device has at least one intermediate wall, the next zone is the second zone, which in turn repeats as the n-th zone, so that the zone between the most downstream intermediate wall and the second wall is eventually The final zone. Thus, what is referred to as the n-th zone is at least one zone between the first zone and the last zone, including the first zone and the last zone. The at least one n-th zone forms, for example, an exchange zone between the exhaust gas flowing into the device and the mixing gas injected into the device.

  The first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32 and / or at least one intermediate wall, for example each wall of the plurality of walls, includes an upstream surface facing upstream and a downstream surface facing downstream. Is fine. The upstream surface may be an inlet surface. The downstream surface may be an exit surface.

  The first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32 and the at least one intermediate wall are, for example, flat and / or have a flat upstream surface and / or have a flat downstream surface.

  The first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32 and / or the at least one intermediate wall may for example have a curved and / or curved upstream and / or downstream surface, for example convex or concave I have. The first wall 31 is, for example, a concave plate whose concave shape faces the upstream side. Thus, for example, the flow of the exhaust gas can be concentrated toward the center of the cross-sectional width of the device and / or toward the center of the exhaust line. The second wall 32 is, for example, a concave plate whose concave shape faces the downstream side. Thus, for example, the flow of the exhaust gas can be distributed outwardly of the cross-sectional width of the device and / or outwardly of the exhaust line or over its entire cross-sectional width (TOUTE LA SECTION).

  The first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32 and / or at least one intermediate wall, for example each wall of the plurality of walls, has a size that is simply smaller than, for example, the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line, or It is almost equal to the size of the section width of the line. For example, the exhaust line of a motor vehicle has a diameter of, for example, between 25 mm and 75 mm, for example a diameter of about 50 mm.

  The device may not have side walls. In this case, the injection and / or mixing zone is defined by a plurality of walls, which influence the gas flow.

  Alternatively, the device may further include a side wall 35. For example, the side walls may connect the first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32, and / or at least one intermediate wall, and / or all of the plurality of walls to one another. The side wall 35 forms an internal space with, for example, the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. This internal space is, for example, a space in which the mixing gas is injected and the exhaust gas is mixed. The internal space comprises, for example, at least one n-th zone, for example all of the n-th zone.

  The side wall may be separate from the exhaust line and separate from the device with means for attaching the device to the exhaust line. In this case, the device may at least partially have a cross-sectional width smaller than the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The device may for example be in the form of a knob.

  The device 3 may extend over the entire cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The side wall may, for example, be in contact with and / or form part of the wall of the exhaust line.

  The side walls are, for example, substantially cylindrical. The side walls are, for example, rotationally symmetric. In a cross section through a central axis of part of the exhaust line and / or through the axis of the device and / or through the axis of symmetry of the side wall, the side wall may be straight and / or convex and / or concave May be included.

  The device 3 and / or the side wall 35 have, for example, a cross-sectional width, for example, an outer cross-sectional width and / or an inner cross-sectional width that is substantially constant, i.e. varies only at most 2% at the surface.

  The device 3 and / or the side wall 35 have, for example, a cross-sectional width, for example an outer cross-sectional width and / or an inner cross-sectional width, which monotonically increases or decreases from upstream to downstream. The device 3 and / or the side wall 35 have, for example, a cross-sectional width in the form of, for example, a truncated cone.

  The device 3 and / or the side wall 35 have, for example, a cross-sectional width, for example an outer cross-sectional width and / or an inner cross-sectional width, which increase or decrease and a substantially constant cross-section (SECTION SENSIBLEMENT CONSTANTTE). For example, it is provided with only two such parts. The device 3 and / or the side wall 35 have, for example, a cross-sectional width, for example an outer cross-sectional width and / or an inner cross-sectional width, which comprises an increasing portion that increases from upstream to downstream, for example with a top removed. It has an increasing portion in the shape of a cone and a substantially constant cross section.

  The side wall 35 has, for example, one or more inlet openings, for example a single inlet opening or a set of inlet openings. Therefore, the side wall 35 can form an entrance wall. These inlet openings may be located upstream of the outlet openings.

  The side walls are, for example, solid and have no side openings. Alternatively, the sidewall may include, for example, one or more side openings 351. Thus, the side opening 351 allows the exhaust gas coming from the upstream side of the exhaust line to proceed to the space between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 where the mixing gas is introduced. Alternatively or additionally, this side opening or some side opening further allows the mixture of the exhaust gas and the mixing gas to leave the mixing zone in the direction of the exhaust outlet 17.

  The side openings may vary along the sidewall 35, for example, from upstream to downstream. Therefore, in combination with a plurality of walls, for example, by adjusting or controlling the flow, for example, by limiting the decrease in the gas flow rate, the flow between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 is mixed with the gas for mixing. It can be further adapted for improved mixing with exhaust gas.

  The injection device is adapted, for example, to be located inside the exhaust line and allows the passage of exhaust gases, for example between the side walls and the wall of the exhaust line, out of the device. Thus, the exhaust gas can be directed directly downstream of the device 3 and can be mixed with the mixture coming out of the device 3, forming a second mixing zone downstream of the device 3.

  The first wall 31, and / or the second wall 32, and / or at least one intermediate wall, for example, each of the plurality of walls, and / or the side wall 35 are formed of, for example, a plate or include a plate. .

  The first wall 31, and / or the second wall 32, and / or at least one side wall, for example, each of the plurality of walls, and / or the side wall 35 are made of, for example, metal, and are made of, for example, stainless steel. It is a composite material, for example a ceramic, which is coated with a catalyst impregnation, for example for the in-situ purification of exhaust gases.

[Aperture]
At least one inlet opening 311, and / or outlet opening 321, and / or intermediate openings 331 and / or 341, and / or side openings 351, for example, each of the openings may be a through opening, May include it. In this specification, unless otherwise specified, what is meant by the term opening is specifically the inlet opening 311, and / or the outlet opening 321, and / or the intermediate opening 331 and / or 341, and / or the side opening 351. It is.

  For example, it is possible to modify the distribution and shape of the openings from one of the walls to another and / or along the side walls and / or from the nth zone to another zone. It is.

  Each inlet opening 311, and / or outlet opening 321, and / or intermediate openings 331 and / or 341, and / or side openings 351 may be of a size, eg, a substantially constant size on the same wall, and / or one It can have a substantially constant size from one wall to another. For example, the size is or includes a diameter, and / or a length, and / or a width.

  The size of at least one of the inlet opening 311, and / or the outlet opening 321, and / or the intermediate opening 331 and / or 341, and / or the side opening 351 is, for example, 5 cm or less, for example, 1 cm or less, for example, 5 mm or less, for example, 0.5 mm or less. It is of the order of at least 05 mm, for example at least 0.1 mm, for example at least 0.5 mm, for example of the order of 1 mm, for example substantially equal to 1 mm.

  For at least one of the plurality of walls, the size, eg, diameter, of the at least one opening may vary, eg, along a gradient, eg, from the center to the periphery.

  For example, the size of the opening in the central zone of at least one of the walls may be larger or equal to that of the peripheral zone of the same wall, for example it may simply be larger. For example, the size of the opening in the peripheral zone of at least one of the walls may be larger or equal, for example simply larger, than in the central zone of the same wall. In particular, the size of this wall opening may be such that the gradient increases or decreases from the center to the periphery.

  For example, the size of the opening in the central zone of at least one of the walls is larger or equal to that in the peripheral zone, or for example, one or more walls that are simply larger are staggered. A plurality of walls may be included. Also, a plurality of walls may have one or more walls in which the diameter of the opening in the peripheral zone is larger or equal to that in the center zone, or, for example, may be simply staggered. May be included. For example, the plurality of walls may include alternating one or more walls in which the diameter of the opening increases in gradient from the center toward the periphery. Also, the plurality of walls may include staggered one or more walls, the size of the opening decreasing in slope from the center toward the periphery.

  Alternatively or additionally, the size of at least one opening of one of the walls, for example, the size of at least one opening upstream of the downstream surface of the wall, may be At least one of the walls or the remaining walls, between the walls and / or with respect to another wall, may vary or be substantially the same.

  For example, the size of the opening in at least one of the walls may be larger or equal to the opening in the immediately upstream wall, for example it may simply be larger. Therefore, it is possible to facilitate the suction effect and the diffusion in the direction from the upstream to the downstream from the opening located on the upstream side. This improves the diffusion of the mixing gas and / or the exhaust gas from upstream to downstream and thus improves mixing.

  For example, the size of the opening of each wall of the plurality of walls is larger or equal to the opening of the wall among the plurality of upstream walls, for example, it may simply be larger. This can further enhance diffusion.

  For example, the size of the opening in at least one of the walls may be smaller or equal to the opening in the immediately upstream wall, for example, may simply be smaller. In this configuration, since the size of the opening area decreases from upstream to downstream, the pressure gradient is increased from upstream to downstream. This results in perturbations in the flow, avoiding or restricting a significant portion of the flow from passing directly through the device, as if by a bypass effect. The turbulent moving flow thus makes it possible to promote the mixing of the mixing gas with the exhaust gas in the device.

  For example, the size of the opening of each wall of the plurality of walls is smaller or equal to the opening of the upstream wall of the plurality of walls, and may be simply smaller, for example. This makes it possible in particular to increase the level of turbulence by setting up a number of recirculation zones.

  A total open area (SURFACE TOTALE VIDE) is defined for one of the walls or a part of the wall. The total open area can be defined as the area occupied by an opening in the surface of a wall, or part of a wall, on an upstream surface or a downstream surface, or as an average of the measured areas for the upstream surface and the downstream surface.

  For at least one of the plurality of walls or a part of the wall, a total area density (DENSITE SURFACIQUE TOTALLE VIDE) of the opening area is defined. The total area density of the open area is the opening of the wall or part of the wall at the upstream or downstream surface relative to the area occupied by the material at the upstream or downstream surface or the average of the measured area for the upstream and downstream surfaces. , Or the ratio of the average of the measured areas for the upstream and downstream surfaces.

  A total volume density (DENSITE VOLUMIQUE TOTAL VIDE) of the open area is defined for at least one of the plurality of walls or a part of the wall. The total volume density of the open area can be defined as the ratio of the volume occupied by the opening of the wall or part of the wall to the volume occupied by the material.

  For at least one of the walls, or a portion of the wall, the number of individual openings is defined as the number of openings.

  For at least one of the plurality of walls, the total opening area and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings may be, for example, along a gradient. For example, from the center to the periphery.

  For example, in a central zone of at least one of the plurality of walls, the total opening area and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings are the same. Is larger or equal to that of the peripheral zone, for example, it may simply be larger. The central zone is further away from the periphery than the peripheral zone. For example, the center zone is included on the smallest solid surface with the peripheral zone of the relevant (CONSIDEREE) wall. The central zone and / or the peripheral zone are, for example, annular zones. For example, in a peripheral zone of at least one of the plurality of walls, the total opening area and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings are the same. Is larger or equal to that of the central zone, for example, it may simply be larger. In particular, the total open area of the wall, and / or the total areal density of the open area, and / or the total volume density of the open area, and / or the number of openings has a gradient that increases or decreases from the center to the periphery. It may be.

  For example, the total opening area and / or the total areal density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of openings is greater or equal in the central zone than in the peripheral zone, or for example, The plurality of walls may include alternating one or more walls that are larger. Also, the total open area, and / or the total areal density of the open area, and / or the total volume density of the open area, and / or the number of openings is greater or equal in the peripheral zone than in the central zone, or A plurality of walls may include simply alternating one or more walls that are larger. Thus, as shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to alternately create a flow towards the periphery of the exhaust line and / or the periphery of the device and towards the center, allowing better mixing and Can be increased. One or more walls, for example, where the total opening area and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of openings increase the gradient from the center to the periphery The plurality of walls may include staggered. Also, the total opening area, and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings may have one or more of the gradients decreasing from the center toward the periphery. Multiple walls may include staggered walls.

  For example, the total opening area and / or the total area density of the opening area and / or the total volume density of the opening area and / or the number of the openings in at least one of the plurality of walls is immediately upstream. It can be larger or equal than at the wall, for example it can simply be larger. Therefore, from the opening located on the upstream side, the suction effect and diffusion from upstream to downstream can be facilitated, which improves the diffusion of the mixing gas and / or exhaust gas from upstream to downstream, and improves the mixing. To improve.

  For example, among the plurality of walls, the total opening area of each wall, and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings are the case of a plurality of walls on the upstream side. Is larger than or equal to, for example, it may simply be larger. Thereby, diffusion can be further enhanced.

  For example, among the plurality of walls, the total open area of each wall and / or the total areal density of the open area, and / or the total volume density of the open area, and / or the number of the open areas are equal to those of the wall immediately upstream. In comparison, it is smaller or equal, for example it may simply be smaller. In this configuration, the pressure gradient can increase from upstream to downstream. This creates disturbing movements in the flow and avoids or restricts a significant portion of the flow from passing directly through the device, as if by a bypass effect. The turbulent moving flow thus makes it possible to promote the mixing of the mixing gas with the exhaust gas in the device.

  For example, among the plurality of walls, the total opening area of each wall, and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings are the case of a plurality of walls on the upstream side. Is smaller or equal to, for example, may simply be smaller. This can further increase confusion.

  Referring to Figures 6a-6c, one of the plurality of walls may include a central portion, e.g., having a substantially elongated shape, e.g., an oval shape.

  Further, the wall includes at least one radial portion extending from the center portion to the peripheral portion, and may include, for example, a plurality of radial portions 621, 622, 623, and 624. The radial part is, for example, an arm, for example, a segment. The wall may include, for example, 1, 2, 3, 3 or 4 radial portions, each two perpendicular or parallel to each other.

  This wall may have at least one perimeter 63, for example a plurality of perimeters 63. It extends around the central portion 61, for example, without interruption and forms, for example, an annular strip and has, for example, an elongated shape, for example, egg-shaped. Each peripheral portion 63 includes, for example, a plurality of sections (SECTIONS) 631, 632, 633, and 634, and includes, for example, a curved section that connects different radial portions. The plurality of perimeters may form different annular strips that are nested.

  The central part 61 and / or at least one radial part and / or at least one peripheral part 63 are arranged, for example, so as to form a corresponding wall opening between them.

  Referring to FIG. 6a, the size of this wall opening may have a gradient that increases from the center to the periphery. From the center to the periphery, the total open area and / or the total areal density of the open area and / or the total volume density of the open area may vary according to a gradient that increases from the center to the periphery. In particular, the spacing between the perimeters may have a gradient that increases from the center toward the perimeter.

  Referring to Figure 6b, the spacing between the perimeters may have a decreasing slope from the center toward the perimeter.

  Referring to 6c of FIG. 6, the space setting between the perimeters may be constant from the center to the perimeter.

  As shown in FIGS. 3b and 3c, at least a part of the openings in one of the plurality of walls, for example, all the openings in the wall are arranged, for example, in concentric circles.

  At least a portion of the opening in one of the walls from one wall to another is, for example, staggered to regulate flow.

[catalyst]
The apparatus may comprise a catalyst located in at least one n-th zone, for example at least the last zone. The first wall 31, and / or the second wall 32, and / or at least one intermediate wall, for example, each of the plurality of walls, and / or the side wall 35 may be at least partially covered with a washcoat. . The washcoat has, for example, a porous structure. Also, the washcoat supports the catalyst and / or the catalyst impregnates the washcoat. For example, an SCR catalyst and / or an oxidation catalyst. Thus, the device can provide an SCR catalytic conversion function and can reduce or eliminate the need for an optional (EVENTUEL) SCR catalytic converter at a downstream location. The catalyst can form a washcoat. The catalyst is provided on at least one wall facing the inside of the device, i.e. a wall different from the one facing the outside of the first wall 31, the second wall 32 or the side wall 35, in particular the upstream face of the first wall 31. , The downstream surface of the second wall 32 and a surface different from the outer surface of the side wall 35 can be covered. Therefore, the zone where the catalyst is located can constitute an SCR catalytic converter.

[bypass]
The apparatus may include means for bypassing at least one of the n-th zones, eg, a plurality of n-th zones, in at least one opening, the means comprising a plurality of walls of the n-th zone. Between at least one opening of one wall on the upstream side and at least one opening of one wall on the downstream side of the plurality of walls of the nth zone, fluid communication is performed without passing through the nth zone. Is configured. The apparatus may include a plurality of means for bypassing the same or different n-th zone. This means of bypassing makes it possible to limit the mixing in one zone to a part of the stream. Another part of the stream is re-injected only in the zone located downstream of the device or only downstream of the device and mixed downstream.

  The apparatus may include means for bypassing or bypassing the first zone, and / or the second zone, and / or the third zone, and / or the nth zone, and / or the last zone.

  The bypass means comprises for example a duct, for example a tube connecting the upstream opening and the downstream opening.

[Injection means]
The injection means 36 includes, for example, an injection device, for example, a multipoint injection device. The injection means 36 includes, for example, one branch, for example, several branches. Each branch includes, for example, one opening, for example, a plurality of openings.

  The injection means 36 is located, for example, at least partially, for example, at the central part of the first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32, for example. Therefore, the mixing gas can be injected at the center of the apparatus.

  The injection means is adapted to inject the mixing gas between the first wall 31 and the intermediate wall, for example, the most upstream intermediate wall, for example, the intermediate wall immediately downstream of the first wall 31. I have. Thus, a first zone of the device, for example a first zone adapted for the injection and optionally a first mixing, and also a downstream, for example a second zone of the device for better mixing located downstream of the first zone. Two walls can be formed.

  The injection means is adapted, for example, to inject the mixing gas into a plurality of n-th zones, for example with respect to the flow, the injection varying, for example, from one zone to another.

  Alternatively or additionally, the injection means 36 is, for example, at least partially positioned on the side wall 35, for example. This makes it possible, for example, to simplify the injection and to reduce the amount of material required for production.

  The injection means 36 may not extend between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 or may not substantially extend. Accordingly, the injection means 36 may include one or more open areas communicating with the first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32 and / or the side wall 35.

  Alternatively or additionally, the injection means 36 may extend between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. For example, the injection means 36 may extend into or along the intermediate wall. For example, the injection means 36 may include an injection part extending between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. The injection section may include, for example, a perforated tube or a multi-perforated tube. Each perforated tube may include at least one open area for injecting a mixing gas, such as gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen, for example, a plurality of open areas for injecting a mixing gas. May include.

  The injection means 36 may for example extend from the center and / or the center of the first wall 31 and / or from the second wall 32.

  The device 3 and / or the exhaust line and / or the system may include a supply means 361 for the mixing gas of the injection means, for example gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen and / or oxygen. The supply means 361 includes, for example, a supply duct (supply pipe).

[attachment]
The apparatus comprises, for example, mounting means for mounting on the exhaust line and / or the system, for example mounting means for mounting on the wall of the exhaust line.

  The attachment means comprises, for example, injection means and / or supply means.

  The attachment means may comprise attachment means for attachment to, for example, the first wall and / or the second wall and / or at least one intermediate wall, for example being located at this wall or at the periphery of these walls.

  The first wall 31 and / or the second wall 32 and / or the at least one intermediate wall may be connected to another of the plurality of walls by, for example, connecting means and / or mounting means between dedicated walls. Connections and / or attachments are made. These means are separate from the side wall 35, for example. The connecting means and / or mounting means between the walls comprises, for example, connecting walls and / or mounting walls, for example, which are contacted and / or mounted on the central part of each connected and / or mounted wall. This connection wall forms, for example, a cylinder. The mounting means of the device are, for example, in contact with the mounting means and / or connecting means between the walls to effect the mounting of the device.

[Example of device]
The device 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. The arrows in FIG. 3a indicate the direction of flow. The first wall 31 and the second wall 32 are, for example, flat.

  The first wall 31 and the second wall 32 are simply smaller in size than, for example, the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The injection device is adapted, for example, to be located inside the exhaust line and allows, for example, the exhaust gas to pass outside the device, for example, between the side wall and the wall of the exhaust line.

  Further, the device may include a side wall 35. This side wall connects the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example. The side wall 35 defines an internal space with the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example. The internal space is, for example, a space in which a mixing gas is injected and mixed with an exhaust gas. This internal space includes, for example, a first zone. The side wall may be separate from the exhaust line and separate from the device with means for attaching the device to the exhaust line. In this case, the device may at least partially have a cross-sectional width smaller than the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The device may for example be in the form of a knob. The side walls are, for example, substantially cylindrical. The side walls are, for example, rotationally symmetric. The device 3, the side wall 35, for example, has a tapering cross-sectional width.

  Each of the plurality of walls is formed of, or includes, a plate, for example, a metal plate.

  Each inlet opening 311 and / or outlet opening 321 may be a through opening.

  The total open area at the second wall and / or the total areal density of the open area, and / or the total volume density of the open area, and / or the number of openings may simply be greater than for the first wall. Good. The first wall 31 may include less than 20 inlet openings 311, for example, less than 10 openings. The second wall 32 may include at least 40, such as at least 50, such as at least 60 outlet openings 321.

  The injection means 36 includes, for example, an injection device. The injection means 36 is located, for example, at the center of the first wall 31. The injection means 36 does not have to extend between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. The device 3 and / or the exhaust line and / or the system may include a gas supply means 361 for mixing of the injection means. The supply unit 361 includes, for example, a supply duct.

  The attachment means comprises, for example, injection means and / or supply means.

  Another device 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The arrows in FIG. 4 indicate the flow direction and the flow path. The first wall 31 and the second wall 32 are, for example, curved, for example, a convex plate or a concave plate. The first wall 31 is, for example, a concave plate whose concave shape faces the upstream side. Thus, for example, the flow of the exhaust gas can be concentrated toward the center of the cross-sectional width of the device and / or toward the center of the exhaust line. The second wall 32 is, for example, a concave plate whose concave shape faces the downstream side. Thus, for example, the flow of the exhaust gas can be distributed towards the outside of the section width of the device and / or towards the outside of the exhaust line or over its entire section width.

  The first wall 31 and the second wall 32 are simply smaller in size than, for example, the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The injection device is adapted, for example, to be located inside the exhaust line and allows, for example, the exhaust gas to pass outside the device, for example, between the side wall and the wall of the exhaust line.

  Further, the device may include a side wall 35. This side wall connects the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example. The side wall 35 defines an internal space with the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example. The internal space is, for example, a space in which a mixing gas is injected and mixed with an exhaust gas. This internal space includes, for example, a first zone. The side wall may be separate from the exhaust line and separate from the device with means for attaching the device to the exhaust line. In this case, the device may at least partially have a cross-sectional width smaller than the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The device may for example be in the form of a knob. The side walls are, for example, substantially cylindrical. The side walls are, for example, rotationally symmetric. The side wall may include a straight wall, with a cross section through the axis of the device and / or through the axis of symmetry of the side wall. The device 3, the side wall 35, for example, has a substantially constant cross-sectional width. The side wall has, for example, a plurality of side openings 351.

  Each of the plurality of walls is formed of, or includes, a plate, for example, a metal plate.

  Each inlet opening 311 and / or outlet opening 321 and / or side opening 351 may be a through opening.

  Each inlet opening 311, and / or outlet opening 321, and / or intermediate opening 331 and / or 341, and / or side opening 351 can have a substantially constant size.

  The injection means 36 includes, for example, an injection device. The injection means 36 may extend between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. For example, the injection means 36 may include an injection part extending between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. The injection part comprises, for example, a perforated tube. The device 3 and / or the exhaust line and / or the system may include a supply means 361 of the injection means. The supply unit 361 includes, for example, a supply duct.

  The attachment means comprises, for example, injection means and / or supply means.

  Still another example of the device 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The arrows in FIG. 5 indicate the flow direction and the flow path. The device 3 may include a plurality of intermediate walls. Each intermediate wall is located, for example, between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Each intermediate wall may include a plurality of intermediate openings. Thus, the flow between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 can be improved to improve the mixing of the mixing gas with the exhaust gas, for example by adjusting or controlling the flow or by limiting the reduction of the gas flow, for example. Can be adapted. The plurality of intermediate walls may include, for example, a third wall 33 having a plurality of intermediate openings 331 and a fourth wall 34 having a plurality of intermediate openings 341.

  The plurality of walls may further include a total of at least four plates, for example, exactly four plates.

  The first wall 31, the second wall 32, and the intermediate walls 33 and 34 are, for example, flat.

  The first wall 31 and the second wall 32 have, for example, a size substantially equal to the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The injection device may extend over the entire cross-sectional width of the exhaust line.

  Further, the device may include a side wall 35. This side wall connects, for example, a first wall 31, a second wall 32, and two intermediate walls 33 and 34. The side wall 35 defines an internal space with the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example. The internal space is, for example, a space in which a mixing gas is injected and mixed with an exhaust gas. This internal space includes, for example, first, second and third zones. The device 3 may extend over the entire cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The side wall 35 may be constituted by a part of the wall of the exhaust line. The side walls are, for example, substantially cylindrical. The side walls are, for example, rotationally symmetric. The side wall may include a straight wall, with a cross-section through a central axis of a portion of the exhaust line and through an axis of the device and / or through an axis of symmetry of the side wall. The device 3, the side wall 35, for example, has a substantially constant cross-sectional width.

  Each of the plurality of walls and the side walls 35 is, for example, made of, for example, a metal plate or is provided with each.

  The plurality of walls may include alternating one or more walls such that the gradient of the diameter of the opening increases from the center of the one or more walls to the periphery. For example, the intermediate wall 33 and / or the second wall 32. The plurality of walls may include alternating one or more walls such that the gradient of the diameter of the opening decreases from the center to the periphery. For example, the first wall 31 and the intermediate wall 34.

  Alternatively or additionally, from the center of one or more walls to the periphery, the total open area and / or the total areal density of the open area, and / or the total volume density of the open area, and / or Alternatively, the plurality of walls may include alternating one or more walls such that the gradient of the number of openings increases. For example, the intermediate wall 33 and / or the second wall 32. From the center to the periphery, one or more walls having a decreasing gradient of the total opening area and / or the total areal density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of openings are reduced. A plurality of walls may include staggered ones. For example, the first wall 31 and the intermediate wall 34.

  The injection means 36 includes, for example, an injection device. The injection means 36 injects, for example, a mixing gas, for example, gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen between the first wall 31 and the intermediate wall 33 immediately downstream of the first wall 31. Fit for that. The injection means 36 is located, for example, on the side wall 35. The injection means 36 does not have to extend between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Thus, the injection means 36 may include a through-opening leading to the side wall 35.

  Still another example of the device 3 will be described with reference to FIG. The arrows in FIG. 7 indicate the flow direction and the flow path. The device 3 may include a plurality of intermediate walls. Each intermediate wall is located, for example, between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Each intermediate wall may include a plurality of intermediate openings. Thus, the flow between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32 can be improved to improve the mixing of the mixing gas with the exhaust gas, for example by adjusting or controlling the flow or by limiting the reduction of the gas flow, for example. Can be adapted. The plurality of intermediate walls may include, for example, a third wall 33 having a plurality of intermediate openings 331 and a fourth wall 34 having a plurality of intermediate openings 341.

  The plurality of walls may further include a total of at least four plates, for example, exactly four plates.

  The first wall 31, the second wall 32, and the intermediate walls 33 and 34 are, for example, flat.

  The first wall 31 and the second wall 32 have, for example, a size substantially equal to the cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The injection device may extend over the entire cross-sectional width of the exhaust line.

  Further, the device may include a side wall 35. This side wall connects, for example, a first wall 31, a second wall 32, and two intermediate walls 33 and 34. The side wall 35 defines an internal space with the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example. The internal space is, for example, a space in which a mixing gas is injected and mixed with an exhaust gas. This internal space includes, for example, first, second and third zones. The device 3 may extend over the entire cross-sectional width of the exhaust line. The side wall 35 may be constituted by a part of the wall of the exhaust line. The side walls are, for example, substantially cylindrical. The side walls are, for example, rotationally symmetric. The side wall may include a straight wall, with a cross-section through a central axis of a portion of the exhaust line and through an axis of the device and / or through an axis of symmetry of the side wall. The device 3, the side wall 35, for example, has a substantially constant cross-sectional width.

  Each of the plurality of walls and the side wall 35 is made of, for example, a metal plate, for example, or includes a metal plate.

  From upstream to downstream, the openings in the walls are progressively smaller and progressively more, but do not cover a larger area. For example, the size of the opening in each of the plurality of walls may be smaller or equal to the opening in the immediately upstream wall, for example, may simply be smaller. The total open area of each wall and / or the total area density of the open area and / or the total volume density of the open area of the plurality of walls is, for example, simply smaller than that of the plurality of walls on the upstream side. You may. The number of openings in each of the plurality of walls may be, for example, simply larger than in the case of the plurality of walls on the upstream side.

  The apparatus may include means for bypassing or bypassing only the first zone. The apparatus may include means for bypassing or bypassing only the first and second zones. The apparatus may include means for bypassing or bypassing the first, second, and third zones. The bypass means comprises, for example, a duct, for example a tube, connecting the upstream opening and the downstream opening.

  The injection means 36 includes, for example, an injection device. The injection means 36 injects, for example, a mixing gas, for example, gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen between the first wall 31 and the intermediate wall 33 immediately downstream of the first wall 31. Fit for that. The injection means 36 is located, for example, on the side wall 35. The injection means 36 does not have to extend between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Thus, the injection means 36 may include a through-opening leading to the side wall 35.

Method Referring to FIG. 8, a method of injecting a mixing gas, for example, gaseous ammonia and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen into an exhaust gas exhaust line of an engine implemented using the above-described device 3 will be described. explain.

  The method comprises, for example, a first step 801 for introducing exhaust gas between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32, for example via at least one inlet opening 311 of the first wall 31. Thus, the exhaust gas is sent to the injection and mixing zone, for example, with a flow modified by the shape of the at least one inlet opening 311 and / or the first wall 31.

  The method includes, for example, a second step 802 of injecting a mixing gas, for example, gaseous ammonia, and / or hydrogen, and / or oxygen between the first wall 31 and the second wall 32. Therefore, the exhaust gas and the gas for mixing can be brought into contact in the same space.

  The method comprises, for example, a third step 803 of mixing the introduced exhaust gas with the injected mixing gas. Effective mixing during the injection is enabled by the configuration of the device that defines the mixing zone.

  The method includes, for example, a fourth step 804 of delivering a mixture of the exhaust gas and the mixing gas through at least one opening in the second wall. Thus, a homogeneous mixture of the mixing gas and the exhaust gas can be obtained, no additional mixing is required anymore, only a reduced size mixer is sufficient.

Claims (14)

A device for injecting a mixing gas into an exhaust line of an exhaust gas of an engine,
One or more inlet openings;
A plurality of walls including a first wall and a second wall having one or more outlet openings and located downstream of the first wall;
Injection means for injecting the mixing gas between the first wall and the second wall,
Apparatus for enabling mixing of the mixing gas and the exhaust gas between the first wall and the second wall.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of walls comprises at least one intermediate wall located between the first wall and the second wall, wherein the intermediate wall includes one or more openings.   Passing through the zone between at least one opening of an upstream wall of at least one zone of the plurality of walls and at least one opening of a downstream wall of the zone among the plurality of walls; 3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the apparatus is configured to provide fluid communication without any means and comprises means for bypassing the zone at at least one opening. Further, a side wall that connects the first wall and the second wall, and defines an internal space with the first wall and the second wall,
4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the injection means is adapted to be located in the exhaust line and allows the exhaust gas to pass between the side wall and a wall of the exhaust line. apparatus.   5. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising mounting means for attaching said apparatus to said exhaust line. The device has an area that spans one cross section of the exhaust line;
In particular, there is provided a side wall connecting the first wall and the second wall, and defining an internal space by the first wall and the second wall,
Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, whereby the side wall contacts the exhaust line and / or forms part of the wall of the exhaust line. A mixing gas supply unit for the injection unit,
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said mounting means includes said mixing gas supply means.   The apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first wall and / or side wall comprises one or more of the one or more inlet openings.   9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the injection means is located at the first wall and / or extends from the first wall between the first and second walls. 10. apparatus.   The size of the opening, and / or the total opening area, and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings are determined in at least one of the plurality of walls. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, which varies with respect to the apparatus.   The size of the opening, and / or the total opening area, and / or the total area density of the opening area, and / or the total volume density of the opening area, and / or the number of the openings of at least one of the plurality of walls are Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said apparatus varies with respect to at least one other of said plurality of walls. An engine and / or an exhaust gas exhaust line of the engine;
An assembly comprising the device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.   13. The assembly according to claim 12, comprising a selective catalytic reduction system for the exhaust gas and / or an oxidation catalyst. A method for injecting a mixing gas into an exhaust gas exhaust line of an engine implemented using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
Introducing the exhaust gas between the first wall and the second wall;
Injecting the mixing gas between the first wall and the second wall;
Mixing the introduced exhaust gas and the injected mixing gas,
Pumping the mixed exhaust gas and the mixing gas through at least one opening in the second wall.

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