JP2019114442A - Heat transfer device - Google Patents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
この発明は、伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受熱体に伝える伝熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat transfer device for transferring cold or heat of a heat transfer medium to a heat receiving body.
この明細書および特許請求の範囲において、「アルミニウム」という用語には、純アルミニウムの他にアルミニウム合金を含むものとする。 In this specification and claims, the term "aluminum" includes aluminum alloys in addition to pure aluminum.
また、各図面の上下を上下というものとする。 Also, the upper and lower sides of each drawing are referred to as the upper and lower sides.
たとえばハイブリッド自動車、電気自動車等の電動機駆動用バッテリー装置として、たとえばリチウムイオン二次電池などの各種の二次電池からなる複数個の小型単電池を直列または並列に接続して組電池の形態としたものが用いられている。特に、電気自動車においては航続距離の延長のニーズから組電池の大容量化が求められるので、複数の組電池が直列または並列に接続されるように組み合わされている。 For example, as a battery device for driving a motor such as a hybrid car or an electric car, a plurality of small single cells composed of various secondary batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries are connected in series or in parallel to form an assembled battery. The thing is used. In particular, in the case of an electric vehicle, it is required to increase the capacity of a battery pack because of the need for extending the range, so a plurality of battery packs are combined to be connected in series or in parallel.
ところで、二次電池は、使用温度によって性能や寿命が変化するので、長時間にわたって効率良く使用するためには適正な温度で使用する必要がある。 By the way, since the performance and the life of the secondary battery change depending on the operating temperature, it is necessary to use the secondary battery at an appropriate temperature in order to use the battery efficiently for a long time.
そこで、上述したような組電池におけるすべての単電池の温度差を小さくすることを目的として、頂壁外面が平坦な伝熱面となっているとともに、内部に冷媒が流通する冷媒通路を有する金属製冷却部材を備えている冷却装置が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。 Therefore, for the purpose of reducing the temperature difference of all the cells in the assembled battery as described above, the top wall outer surface is a flat heat transfer surface, and a metal having a refrigerant passage through which the refrigerant flows A cooling device provided with a manufactured cooling member has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
特許文献１記載の冷却装置においては、多くの単電池を冷却する場合、冷却部材の数を増やす必要があり、部品点数が増えるとともに、全冷却部材に冷媒を供給するための配管接続の工数が増えてコストが高くなる。
In the cooling device described in
この発明の目的は、上記問題を解消し、伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受ける受熱体の数が増えた場合にもコストを低減しうる伝熱装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a heat transfer device which solves the above-mentioned problems and can reduce the cost even when the number of heat receiving members which receive cold heat or heat from the heat transfer medium increases.
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために以下の態様からなる。 The present invention comprises the following aspects in order to achieve the above object.
1)伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受熱体に伝える伝熱装置であって、
伝熱媒体が流通する伝熱媒体流通路を有するとともに、外面に伝熱面を有する伝熱媒体流通体と、伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面に熱的に接触しかつ伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受ける第１接触部、および受熱体に熱的に接触しかつ冷熱または温熱を受熱体に伝える平坦状の第２接触部を有する複数の熱伝導部材とを備えており、熱伝導部材が、アルミニウムと炭素粒子とが複合化されている複合材を含む板状の複合体によって形成されている伝熱装置。
1) A heat transfer device for transferring the cold or heat of a heat transfer medium to a heat receiver,
A heat transfer medium circulating body having a heat transfer medium flow passage through which the heat transfer medium flows and having a heat transfer surface on an outer surface, and a heat transfer medium in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body A plurality of heat conducting members having a first contact portion receiving cold or heat and a flat second contact portion in thermal contact with the heat receiving body and transferring the heat or heat to the heat receiving body; A heat transfer device, wherein the member is formed of a plate-like composite including a composite material in which aluminum and carbon particles are composited.
2)伝熱媒体流通体の横断面形状の外形が方形であり、伝熱媒体流通体の下面が伝熱面となり、熱伝導部材の端部に水平状の第１接触部が設けられ、第２接触部が第１接触部と同一水平面内に位置するように両接触部が一体に設けられ、第１接触部の上面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面に熱的に接触している上記1)記載の伝熱装置。 2) The heat transfer medium circulating body has a rectangular outer shape in cross-sectional shape, the lower surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body is a heat transfer surface, and a horizontal first contact portion is provided at the end of the heat conducting member; The two contact portions are integrally provided such that the two contact portions are located in the same horizontal plane as the first contact portion, and the upper surface of the first contact portion is in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body The heat transfer device as described in 1) above.
3)伝熱媒体流通体の横断面形状の外形が方形であり、伝熱媒体流通体の２つの垂直面のうちのいずれか一方の垂直面が伝熱面となり、熱伝導部材の端部に垂直状の第１接触部が設けられ、第２接触部が第１接触部と直角をなす水平面内に位置するように両接触部が一体に設けられ、第１接触部における第２接触部側を向いた側面とは反対の側面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面に熱的に接触している上記1)記載の伝熱装置。 3) The heat transfer medium circulating body has a rectangular outer shape in the cross sectional shape, and one of the two vertical surfaces of the heat transfer medium circulating body is the heat transfer surface, and the end of the heat conducting member is A vertical first contact portion is provided, and both contact portions are integrally provided such that the second contact portion is located in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the first contact portion, and the second contact portion side of the first contact portion The heat transfer device according to the above 1), wherein the side opposite to the side facing the is in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body.
4)伝熱媒体流通体の横断面形状の外形が方形であり、伝熱媒体流通体の下面が伝熱面の第１部分になるとともに、伝熱媒体流通体の２つの垂直面のうちのいずれか一方の垂直面が伝熱面の第２部分となり、熱伝導部材の端部に水平部および垂直部からなるアングル状の第１接触部が設けられ、第２接触部が第１接触部の水平部と同一水平面内に位置するように両接触部が一体に設けられ、第１接触部の水平部の上面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面の第１部分に熱的に接触しているとともに、同垂直部における第２接触部側を向いた側面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面の第２部分に熱的に接触している上記1)記載の伝熱装置。 4) The heat transfer medium circulating body has a rectangular outer shape in cross section, and the lower surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body becomes the first portion of the heat transfer surface, and of the two vertical surfaces of the heat transfer medium circulating body One of the vertical surfaces is the second portion of the heat transfer surface, and an angled first contact portion consisting of a horizontal portion and a vertical portion is provided at the end of the heat conduction member, and the second contact portion is the first contact portion The two contact portions are integrally provided so as to be positioned in the same horizontal plane as the horizontal portion of the heat transfer device, and the upper surface of the horizontal portion of the first contact portion thermally contacts the first portion of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body. The heat transfer device according to the above 1), wherein the side face of the vertical portion facing the second contact portion side is in thermal contact with the second portion of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body.
5)伝熱媒体流通体の横断面形状の外形が方形であり、伝熱媒体流通体の上面が伝熱面の第１部分になるとともに、伝熱媒体流通体の２つの垂直面のうちのいずれか一方の垂直面が伝熱面の第２部分となり、さらに伝熱媒体流通体の下面が伝熱面の第３部分となり、熱伝導部材の端部に上下方向に間隔をおいて配置された２つの水平部および両水平部の側縁部どうしを連結する垂直部からなるチャンネル状の第１接触部が設けられ、第２接触部が第１接触部の下水平部と同一水平面内に位置するように両接触部が一体に設けられ、第１接触部の上水平部の下面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面の第１部分に熱的に接触しているとともに同下水平部の上面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面の第３部分に熱的に接触しており、第１接触部の垂直部における第２接触部側を向いた側面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面の第２部分に熱的に接触している上記1)記載の伝熱装置。 5) The heat transfer medium circulating body has a rectangular outer shape in cross section, and the upper surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body is the first portion of the heat transfer surface, and of the two vertical surfaces of the heat transfer medium circulating body One of the vertical surfaces is the second portion of the heat transfer surface, and the lower surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body is the third portion of the heat transfer surface. A channel-shaped first contact portion comprising two horizontal portions and a vertical portion connecting the side edges of both horizontal portions, and the second contact portion is in the same horizontal plane as the lower horizontal portion of the first contact portion The two contact portions are integrally provided to be positioned, and the lower surface of the upper horizontal portion of the first contact portion is in thermal contact with the first portion of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body and the lower horizontal portion The upper surface of the heat transfer medium is in thermal contact with the third portion of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body, and the second contact at the vertical portion of the first contact portion The heat transfer apparatus of the above 1), wherein the parts side facing sides are in thermal contact with a second portion of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body.
6)伝熱媒体流通体の横断面形状の外形が円形であり、伝熱媒体流通体の外周面における下端から上端を越えるまでの優弧状部分が伝熱面となるとともに伝熱面の一側縁部が伝熱媒体流通体の外形の下端部に位置しており、熱伝導部材の端部に、側方に開口しかつ開口を挟んだ２つの側縁部のうちのいずれか一方が伝熱媒体流通体の下端部に位置する優弧状の第１接触部が設けられ、第２接触部が、第１接触部における開口を挟んだ２つの側縁部のうちの伝熱媒体流通体の下端部に位置する側縁部に連なった水平面内に位置するように両接触部が一体に設けられ、第１接触部の曲率中心側を向いた面が伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面に熱的に接触している上記1)記載の伝熱装置。 6) The heat transfer medium circulating body has a circular cross-sectional outer shape, and the arc-shaped portion from the lower end to the upper end in the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body serves as a heat transfer surface and one side of the heat transfer surface The edge is located at the lower end of the outer shape of the heat transfer medium circulating body, and at one end of the heat transfer member, one of two side edges opened laterally and sandwiching the opening is transmitted. An arc-shaped first contact portion positioned at a lower end portion of the heat medium circulating body, the second contact portion being a heat transfer medium circulating body of two side edges sandwiching the opening in the first contact portion Both contact parts are integrally provided so as to be located in a horizontal surface connected to the side edge located at the lower end, and the surface facing the center of curvature of the first contact part is the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body The heat transfer device according to the above 1), which is in thermal contact.
7)２つの伝熱媒体流通体が長手方向が同方向を向くように互いに平行になるように配置され、熱伝導部材の両端部に第１接触部が設けられ、熱伝導部材の第２接触部が両伝熱媒体流通体間に配置されている上記2)〜6)のうちのいずれかに記載の伝熱装置。 7) The two heat transfer medium circulating bodies are disposed parallel to each other so that the longitudinal direction is the same direction, the first contact portion is provided at both ends of the heat transfer member, and the second contact of the heat transfer member The heat transfer device according to any one of the above 2) to 6), wherein the unit is disposed between both heat transfer medium circulating bodies.
8)１つの伝熱媒体流通体と、伝熱媒体流通体の片側に配置された複数の熱伝導部材とよりなる上記2)〜6)のうちのいずれかに記載の伝熱装置。 8) The heat transfer device according to any one of the above 2) to 6), which comprises one heat transfer medium circulating body and a plurality of heat conducting members disposed on one side of the heat transfer medium circulating body.
9)１つの伝熱媒体流通体と、伝熱媒体流通体の両側にそれぞれ配置された少なくとも１つの熱伝導部材とよりなる上記3)記載の伝熱装置。 9) The heat transfer device according to the above 3), which comprises one heat transfer medium circulating body and at least one heat conducting member respectively disposed on both sides of the heat transfer medium circulating body.
10)熱伝導部材の第２接触部の上面に、受熱体を収容する収容区画が設けられ、当該収容区画が、熱伝導部材の第２接触部と熱的に接触するように立ち上がり状に設けられて隣り合う収容区画間を仕切り、かつ受熱体の側面の少なくとも一部に熱的に接触する仕切り壁を備えており、仕切壁がアルミニウムと炭素粒子とが複合化されている複合材を含む板状の複合体によって形成されている上記1)〜9)のうちのいずれかに記載の伝熱装置。 10) A storage compartment for receiving the heat receiving member is provided on the upper surface of the second contact portion of the heat transfer member, and the storage partition is provided in a rising shape so as to be in thermal contact with the second contact portion of the heat transfer member. Partition wall between adjacent storage compartments, and a partition wall in thermal contact with at least a part of the side surface of the heat receiver, the partition wall including a composite material in which aluminum and carbon particles are complexed The heat transfer device according to any one of the above 1) to 9), which is formed of a plate-like composite.
11)熱伝導部材を形成する複合体の複合材中の炭素粒子が、カーボンナノチューブ、グラフェン、黒鉛粒子および炭素繊維からなる群より選択される少なくとも１種類からなる上記1)〜10)のうちのいずれかに記載の伝熱装置。 11) The carbon particles in the composite material of the composite forming the heat conducting member may be at least one selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphite particles and carbon fibers; The heat transfer device according to any one.
12)熱伝導部材を形成する複合体の複合材が、アルミニウムマトリックスおよびアルミニウムマトリックス中に分散した炭素粒子からなる上記1)〜11)のうちのいずれかに記載の伝熱装置。 12) The heat transfer device according to any one of the above 1) to 11), wherein the composite material of the composite forming the heat conducting member comprises an aluminum matrix and carbon particles dispersed in the aluminum matrix.
13)熱伝導部材を形成する複合体の複合材が、前記アルミニウムマトリックスを構成するアルミニウム材料中に前記炭素粒子が面方向に分散した複数の炭素粒子分散層と、前記アルミニウムマトリックスを構成するアルミニウム材料で形成された複数のアルミニウム層とを有し、前記炭素粒子分散層と前記アルミニウム層とが、前記複合体の厚さ方向に交互に積層状に配列されている上記12)記載の伝熱装置。 13) A composite material of a composite forming a heat conducting member, a plurality of carbon particle dispersed layers in which the carbon particles are dispersed in the surface direction in an aluminum material constituting the aluminum matrix, and an aluminum material constituting the aluminum matrix The heat transfer device according to the above 12), wherein the carbon particle dispersed layer and the aluminum layer are alternately arranged in a stack in the thickness direction of the composite. .
14)複数の組電池と、上記1)〜13)のうちのいずれかに記載された伝熱装置とからなり、各組電池が複数の単電池により構成され、単電池が、伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱媒体流通路内を流れる伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受ける受熱体となっている組電池装置。 14) A plurality of battery packs, and the heat transfer device described in any one of the above 1) to 13), wherein each battery pack is composed of a plurality of single cells, and the single cells are An assembled battery device that is a heat receiving body that receives cold heat or heat of a heat transfer medium flowing in a heat transfer medium flow passage of a body.
上記1)〜13)の伝熱装置によれば、受熱体の数が増えた場合には、熱伝導部材の数を増やすことにより対応することができるので、伝熱媒体流通体の数の増加を抑制することが可能になる。したがって、特許文献１記載の冷却装置に比較して、部品点数の増加、および全冷却媒体流通体の伝熱媒体通路に伝熱媒体を供給するための配管接続の工数の増加を抑制することが可能となり、コストが安価になる。
According to the heat transfer device of the above 1) to 13), when the number of heat receiving members is increased, it can be coped with by increasing the number of heat conducting members, so the number of heat transfer medium circulating members is increased. Can be suppressed. Therefore, compared with the cooling device described in
また、熱伝導部材がアルミニウムと炭素粒子とが複合化されている複合材を含む板状の複合体によって形成されているので熱伝導率が極めて高くなり、伝熱媒体流通体と受熱体との間の熱伝導性が優れたものになる。したがって、比較的多くの受熱体をを効率良く冷却または加熱することができる。 Further, since the heat conducting member is formed of a plate-like complex containing a composite material in which aluminum and carbon particles are complexed, the thermal conductivity becomes extremely high, and the heat transfer medium circulating body and the heat receiving body The thermal conductivity between them is excellent. Therefore, a relatively large number of heat receiving members can be efficiently cooled or heated.
上記9)の伝熱装置によれば、１つの伝熱媒体流通体内を流れる伝熱媒体により多くの受熱体を冷却または加熱することが可能になり、部品点数が少なくなる。 According to the heat transfer device of the above 9), it is possible to cool or heat more heat receiving members by the heat transfer medium flowing in one heat transfer medium circulating body, and the number of parts is reduced.
上記10)の伝熱装置によれば、複数の受熱体を効率良く冷却または加熱することができるとともに、複数の受熱体の温度を均一化することができる。 According to the heat transfer device of the above 10), the plurality of heat receiving members can be efficiently cooled or heated, and the temperatures of the plurality of heat receiving members can be made uniform.
上記11)の伝熱装置によれば、複合体の熱伝導率を向上させることができる。また、複合体の複合材におけるアルミニウムと炭素粒子との複合化を確実に行うことができる。 According to the heat transfer device described in 11) above, the thermal conductivity of the composite can be improved. Further, the composite of aluminum and carbon particles in the composite material of the composite can be reliably performed.
上記12)の伝熱装置によれば、複合体の複合材におけるアルミニウムマトリックス中での炭素粒子の偏りが少なくなり、複合体の熱伝導性が全体に均一となる。 According to the heat transfer device of the above 12), the deviation of carbon particles in the aluminum matrix in the composite material of the composite is reduced, and the thermal conductivity of the composite becomes uniform throughout.
上記13)の伝熱装置によれば、複合材の炭素粒子分散層と前記アルミニウム層とが、板状複合体の厚さ方向の全体にわたって交互に積層状に配列されているので、炭素粒子分散層の厚みをなるべく薄くしつつ、炭素粒子分散層の数を多くすることが可能になり、複合体の熱伝導率を効果的に高めることができる。 According to the heat transfer device of the above 13), since the carbon particle dispersed layer of the composite material and the aluminum layer are alternately arranged in a layered form over the entire thickness direction of the plate-like composite, the carbon particle dispersed It is possible to increase the number of carbon particle dispersion layers while making the thickness of the layer as thin as possible, and it is possible to effectively increase the thermal conductivity of the composite.
以下、この発明の実施形態を、図面を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
また、全図面を通じて同一物および同一部分には同一符号を付す。 In addition, the same symbols are attached to the same items and the same parts throughout the drawings.
図１および図２はこの発明による伝熱装置を示し、図３は図１および図２の伝熱装置に用いられる熱伝導部材の構成を示す。 1 and 2 show a heat transfer device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows the configuration of a heat conducting member used in the heat transfer device of FIGS. 1 and 2.
図１において、伝熱装置(1)は伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を複数の受熱体、たとえば単電池に伝えるものであって、長手方向を同方向に向けた状態で互いに平行となるように配置された２つの伝熱媒体流通体(2)と、両伝熱媒体流通体(2)間に、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の長手方向に並んで配置された複数、ここでは２つの熱伝導部材(3)とを備えている。 In FIG. 1, the heat transfer device (1) transfers the cold or heat of the heat transfer medium to a plurality of heat receiving members, for example, single cells, and is parallel to one another with the longitudinal direction oriented in the same direction Between the two heat transfer medium flow bodies (2) arranged in the two heat transfer medium flow bodies (2), a plurality of the heat transfer medium flow bodies (2) arranged in the longitudinal direction, here And three heat conducting members (3).
図１および図２に示すように、伝熱媒体流通体(2)は金属、たとえばアルミニウムを用いて横断面形状の外形が方形となるように角筒状に形成されており、内部に伝熱媒体流通体(2)の長手方向に延びた伝熱媒体流通路(4)が設けられている。伝熱媒体流通体(2)の下面(2a)が伝熱面(5)となっている。伝熱媒体流通路(4)には受熱体に冷熱を付与したり、温熱を付与したりする伝熱媒体が流れる。 As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) is formed into a rectangular tube shape so that the outer shape of the cross sectional shape is square using metal, for example, aluminum, A heat transfer medium flow passage (4) is provided which extends in the longitudinal direction of the medium flow body (2). The lower surface (2a) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) is a heat transfer surface (5). In the heat transfer medium flow passage (4), a heat transfer medium for applying cold or heat to the heat receiver flows.
熱伝導部材(3)は、各伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱面(5)に熱的に接触しかつ伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受ける２つの第１接触部(6)、および複数の受熱体に熱的に接触しかつ冷熱または温熱を受熱体に伝える第２接触部(7)を有しており、アルミニウムと炭素粒子とが複合化されている複合材を含む板状の複合体(20)によって形成されている。 The heat conducting member (3) is in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface (5) of each heat transfer medium circulating body (2) and receives two cold or warm heat of the heat transfer medium, and the two first contact parts (6) , And a second contact portion (7) which is in thermal contact with a plurality of heat receiving members and transmits cold or warm heat to the heat receiving member, and includes a composite material in which aluminum and carbon particles are complexed Are formed by the complex (20).
熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(6)および第２接触部(7)はそれぞれ水平状であり、両接触部(6)(7)が同一水平面内に位置するように、複合体(20)を用いて一体に設けられている。第１接触部(6)の上面が伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱面(5)に熱的に接触している。熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(6)の上面は、ろう付、はんだ付、拡散接合、超音波接合、レーザー接合などの方法により伝熱媒体流通体(2)に接合されていることが好ましい。 The first contact portion (6) and the second contact portion (7) of the heat conducting member (3) are each horizontal, and the composite is such that both the contact portions (6) and (7) are located in the same horizontal plane It is integrally provided using (20). The upper surface of the first contact portion (6) is in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface (5) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2). The upper surface of the first contact portion (6) of the heat conducting member (3) is joined to the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) by a method such as brazing, soldering, diffusion bonding, ultrasonic bonding, laser bonding, etc. Is preferred.
図３に示すように、熱伝導部材(3)を形成する複合体(20)は、アルミニウムマトリックス(22)、およびアルミニウムマトリックス(22)中に分散した炭素粒子(23)を含む板状の複合材(21)と、複合材(21)の互いに反対側を向いた２つの主面(21a)を覆うアルミニウム製の主面表皮層(24)からなる。複合材(21)は、アルミニウムと炭素粒子(23)とが複合化されることにより形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the composite (20) forming the heat conducting member (3) is a plate-like composite including an aluminum matrix (22) and carbon particles (23) dispersed in the aluminum matrix (22). A material (21) and an aluminum main surface skin layer (24) covering two opposite main surfaces (21a) of the composite material (21). The composite material (21) is formed by combining aluminum and carbon particles (23).
複合材(21)は、アルミニウムマトリックス(22)を構成するアルミニウム材料中に炭素粒子(23)が平面方向に分散した複数の炭素粒子分散層(25)と、アルミニウムマトリックス(22)を構成するアルミニウム材料で形成された複数のアルミニウム層(26)とを積層状に備えている。 The composite material (21) comprises a plurality of carbon particle dispersed layers (25) in which carbon particles (23) are dispersed in a planar direction in an aluminum material constituting the aluminum matrix (22), and aluminum constituting the aluminum matrix (22). A plurality of aluminum layers (26) formed of a material are provided in a stacked manner.
炭素粒子分散層(25)とアルミニウム層(26)は、複合材(21)の厚さ方向の全体に亘って交互に積層された状態に配列されており、上下両端のうちの下端にアルミニウム層(26)が存在し、同上端に炭素粒子分散層(25)が存在するように配列されている。各炭素粒子分散層(25)において、炭素粒子(23)はアルミニウムマトリックス(22)中において複合材(21)の面方向に分散しており、複合材(21)の厚さ方向には殆ど分散していない。各アルミニウム層(26)中には炭素粒子(23)は実質的に存在していない。そして、複数の炭素粒子分散層(25)と複数のアルミニウム層(26)とが、たとえば焼結複合化により接合一体化されている。炭素粒子分散層(25)の厚さは、限定されるものではないが、１〜１００μｍであることが好ましい。アルミニウム層(26)の厚さは限定されるものではないが、５〜２００μｍであることが好ましい。 The carbon particle dispersion layer (25) and the aluminum layer (26) are arranged in an alternately laminated state over the entire thickness direction of the composite material (21), and an aluminum layer is formed at the lower end of the upper and lower ends. (26) is present, and the carbon particle dispersion layer (25) is arranged so as to be present at the top. In each carbon particle dispersed layer (25), the carbon particles (23) are dispersed in the surface direction of the composite (21) in the aluminum matrix (22), and are almost dispersed in the thickness direction of the composite (21) I did not. Carbon particles (23) are substantially absent in each aluminum layer (26). Then, the plurality of carbon particle dispersion layers (25) and the plurality of aluminum layers (26) are joined and integrated by, for example, sintering and combining. The thickness of the carbon particle dispersion layer (25) is preferably, but not limited to, 1 to 100 μm. The thickness of the aluminum layer (26) is not limited, but is preferably 5 to 200 μm.
複合体(20)の主面表皮層(24)は、複合材(21)とは別個に形成されかつ複合材(21)に、たとえば焼結により接合一体化されたアルミニウム板(27)からなる。すなわち、図３の上側の主面表皮層(24)は同図上端の炭素粒子分散層(25)と接合一体化され、同図の下側の主面表皮層(24)は同図下端のアルミニウム層(26)と接合一体化されている。なお、下側の主面表皮層(24)は必ずしも必要としない。 The main surface skin layer (24) of the composite (20) is formed of an aluminum plate (27) which is separately formed from the composite (21) and joined to the composite (21), for example, by sintering. . That is, the upper main surface skin layer (24) of FIG. 3 is joined and integrated with the carbon particle dispersion layer (25) at the upper end of the same drawing, and the lower main surface skin layer (24) of the same drawing is Jointly integrated with the aluminum layer (26). The lower main surface skin layer (24) is not necessarily required.
複合材(21)に用いられる炭素粒子の種類は限定されるものではないが、なるべく高い熱伝導率を有するもの、即ち高熱伝導性のものを用いることが望ましい。特に、炭素粒子としては、天然黒鉛粒子および人造黒鉛粒子が用いられることが好ましい。天然黒鉛粒子としては、鱗片状黒鉛粒子等が用いられる。人造黒鉛粒子としては、等方性黒鉛粒子、異方性黒鉛粒子、熱分解黒鉛粒子等が用いられる。炭素粒子が天然黒鉛粒子および人造黒鉛粒子である場合、平均粒子径が１０μｍ以上３ｍｍ以下の天然黒鉛粒子および人造黒鉛粒子が好適に用いられる。 The type of carbon particles used for the composite material (21) is not limited, but it is desirable to use one having as high thermal conductivity as possible, that is, one having high thermal conductivity. In particular, as the carbon particles, natural graphite particles and artificial graphite particles are preferably used. As natural graphite particles, scaly graphite particles and the like are used. As artificial graphite particles, isotropic graphite particles, anisotropic graphite particles, pyrolytic graphite particles and the like are used. When the carbon particles are natural graphite particles and artificial graphite particles, natural graphite particles and artificial graphite particles having an average particle diameter of 10 μm or more and 3 mm or less are suitably used.
また、複合材(21)の炭素粒子としては、炭素繊維、カーボンナノチューブおよびグラフェンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種が用いられることもある。 炭素繊維としては、ピッチ系炭素繊維、ＰＡＮ系炭素繊維などが用いられる。 カーボンナノチューブとしては、単層カーボンナノチューブ、多層カーボンナノチューブ、気相成長炭素繊維（ＶＧＣＦ（登録商標））等が用いられる。炭素粒子が炭素繊維である場合、平均繊維長が１０μｍ以上２ｍｍ以下の短炭素繊維が特に好適に用いられる。炭素粒子がカーボンナノチューブである場合、平均長さが１μｍ以上１０μｍ以下のカーボンナノチューブが特に好適に用いられる。 Moreover, as a carbon particle of a composite material (21), at least 1 type selected from the group which consists of carbon fiber, a carbon nanotube, and a graphene may be used. As carbon fibers, pitch-based carbon fibers, PAN-based carbon fibers and the like are used. As the carbon nanotubes, single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF (registered trademark)) and the like are used. When the carbon particles are carbon fibers, short carbon fibers having an average fiber length of 10 μm or more and 2 mm or less are particularly preferably used. When the carbon particles are carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotubes having an average length of 1 μm to 10 μm are particularly preferably used.
図示は省略したが、複合体(20)の製造方法は、アルミニウムマトリックス(22)を構成する材料からなるアルミニウム箔の片面に塗工液を塗布して炭素粒子層が形成された塗工箔を得る工程と、複数の塗工箔を炭素粒子層が同方向を向くように積層した状態の積層体を形成する工程と、当該積層体の積層方向の一端に位置しかつアルミニウム箔における炭素粒子層が外側を向いた塗工箔の炭素粒子層の上に、一方の主面表皮層(24)となるアルミニウム板(27)を積層するとともに、前記積層体の積層方向の他端に位置しかつアルミニウム箔における炭素粒子層が設けられていない側の面に他方の主面表皮層(24)となるアルミニウム板(27)を積層する工程と、前記積層体および主面表皮層(24)となるアルミニウム板(27)を、加圧加熱焼結装置などによって所定の焼結雰囲気（例：非酸化雰囲気）中にて加熱することにより焼結し、これにより複数の塗工箔を一括して焼結一体化するとともに、両アルミニウム板(27)と塗工箔とを焼結一体化する工程とを含む。 Although the illustration is omitted, in the method of manufacturing the composite (20), the coated foil in which the carbon particle layer is formed by applying the coating liquid on one side of the aluminum foil made of the material constituting the aluminum matrix (22) Forming a laminated body in a state in which the plurality of coated foils are laminated such that the carbon particle layers are directed in the same direction, and a carbon particle layer located at one end of the laminated direction of the laminated body and in the aluminum foil While laminating the aluminum plate (27) which becomes one main surface skin layer (24) on the carbon particle layer of the coated foil which turned to the outside, it is located in the other end of the lamination direction of the above-mentioned layered product Forming an aluminum plate (27) to be the other main surface skin layer (24) on the surface of the aluminum foil on which the carbon particle layer is not provided, and forming the laminate and the main surface skin layer (24) The aluminum plate (27) is specified by a pressure heating and sintering apparatus etc. Sintering is carried out by heating in a sintering atmosphere (eg, non-oxidizing atmosphere), whereby a plurality of coating foils are collectively sintered and integrated, and both the aluminum plate (27) and the coating foil And sintering.
塗工液は、炭素粒子(23)とバインダとバインダ用溶剤とを混合状態に含有するものであり、たとえば炭素粒子(23)とバインダと溶剤とを混合容器内に入れて撹拌混合器により撹拌混合することにより得られる。なお必要に応じて、塗工液には分散剤、表面調整剤などが添加される。 The coating liquid contains the carbon particles (23), the binder and the solvent for the binder in a mixed state, and for example, the carbon particles (23), the binder and the solvent are put in a mixing container and stirred by a stirring mixer. It is obtained by mixing. In addition, a dispersing agent, a surface control agent, etc. are added to a coating liquid as needed.
バインダは、炭素粒子(23)にアルミニウム箔の片面への付着力を付与して炭素粒子(23)がアルミニウム箔から脱落するのを抑制するためのものである。バインダは通常、有機樹脂等の樹脂からなる。具体的には、バインダとして、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリビニルアルコール、アクリル系樹脂などを使用できる。 The binder is for giving adhesion to one surface of the aluminum foil to the carbon particles (23) to suppress the carbon particles (23) from coming off the aluminum foil. The binder is usually made of a resin such as an organic resin. Specifically, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, an acrylic resin, etc. can be used as a binder.
溶剤はバインダを溶解するものである。具体的には、溶剤として、親水性溶剤（例：イソプロピルアルコール、水）、有機溶剤などを使用できる。 The solvent dissolves the binder. Specifically, hydrophilic solvents (eg, isopropyl alcohol, water), organic solvents and the like can be used as the solvent.
撹拌混合器としては、ディスパー、プラネタリーミキサー、ビーズミルなどを使用できる。 A disper, a planetary mixer, a bead mill etc. can be used as a stirring mixer.
前記積層体および両アルミニウム板(27)の焼結方法は、真空ホットプレス法、放電プラズマ焼結法（ＳＰＳ法）、熱間静水圧焼結法（ＨＩＰ法）、押出法、圧延法などから選択される。なお、放電プラズマ焼結法はパルス通電焼結法とも呼ばれている。 The laminate and both aluminum plates (27) can be sintered from vacuum hot pressing, spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot isostatic sintering (HIP), extrusion, rolling, etc. It is selected. The discharge plasma sintering method is also called a pulse current sintering method.
積層体中に存在するバインダは、この工程において積層体の温度が略室温から積層体の焼結温度まで上昇するように積層体を加熱する途中で昇華または分散等により消失して積層体から除去される。 The binder present in the laminate is removed from the laminate by disappearing by sublimation or dispersion while heating the laminate so that the temperature of the laminate rises from about room temperature to the sintering temperature of the laminate in this step Be done.
積層体および両アルミニウム板(27)を焼結する工程では、積層体が上述のように加熱されることにより、アルミニウム箔の金属材料の一部が炭素粒子層内に浸透して炭素粒子層内に存在する微細な空隙（例：炭素粒子層中の炭素粒子(23)間の隙間）に充填されて、当該空隙が略消滅する。これにより、複合材(21)の密度が上昇するとともに複合材(21)の強度が向上する。 In the step of sintering the laminate and the two aluminum plates (27), by heating the laminate as described above, a part of the metal material of the aluminum foil penetrates into the carbon particle layer, and the carbon particle layer is formed. The voids are substantially eliminated by being filled in the fine voids present in (for example, the gaps between the carbon particles (23) in the carbon particle layer). As a result, the density of the composite (21) is increased and the strength of the composite (21) is improved.
また、アルミニウム箔を構成する材料の一部が炭素粒子層内に浸透することによって、炭素粒子層中の炭素粒子(23)が、得られた複合体(20)の複合材(21)のアルミニウムマトリックス(22)中において平面方向に分散した状態になり、炭素粒子層が複合材(21)の炭素粒子分散層(25)になり、アルミニウム箔が複合材(21)のアルミニウム層(26)になる。さらに、アルミニウム板(27)が主面表皮層(24)になる。 In addition, the carbon particles (23) in the carbon particle layer can be obtained as aluminum of the composite material (21) of the composite (20) by allowing a part of the material constituting the aluminum foil to penetrate into the carbon particle layer. In the matrix (22), the carbon particles are dispersed in the planar direction, the carbon particle layer becomes the carbon particle dispersed layer (25) of the composite (21), and the aluminum foil becomes the aluminum layer (26) of the composite (21). Become. Furthermore, the aluminum plate (27) becomes the main surface skin layer (24).
したがって、複合材(21)においては、炭素粒子分散層(25)とアルミニウム層(26)は、上述したように複合材(21)の厚さ方向の全体に亘って交互に積層された状態に配列する。こうして、複合体(20)が作られる。 Therefore, in the composite material (21), the carbon particle dispersed layer (25) and the aluminum layer (26) are alternately laminated over the entire thickness direction of the composite material (21) as described above. Arrange. Thus, a complex (20) is formed.
以下、図４を参照して上述した伝熱装置(1)の使用例について説明する。 Hereinafter, the usage example of the heat-transfer apparatus (1) mentioned above with reference to FIG. 4 is demonstrated.
この使用例は、伝熱装置(1)の熱伝導部材(3)と同数の組電池(10)を構成する単電池(11)に、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱媒体流通路(4)内を流れる伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を伝えるものである。単電池(11)は、たとえば角形リチウムイオン二次電池などの複数の扁平状角形単電池からなり、上端に設けられた端子(12)を利用して全ての単電池(11)が直列状または並列状に接続されることにより組電池(10)が構成され、組電池(10)の下面、すなわち各単電池(11)の下面が受熱面となっている。 In this example of use, the heat transfer medium flow passage of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) in the unit cells (11) constituting the same number of assembled batteries (10) as the heat conduction members (3) of the heat transfer device (1) (4) It conveys the cold heat or heat of the heat transfer medium flowing inside. The unit cell (11) is formed of, for example, a plurality of flat prismatic unit cells such as a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery, and all the unit cells (11) are connected in series or by using the terminal (12) provided at the upper end. By being connected in parallel, the battery pack (10) is configured, and the lower surface of the battery pack (10), that is, the lower surface of each unit cell (11) is a heat receiving surface.
上述した組電池(10)を構成するすべての単電池(11)を冷却する場合、各組電池(10)を、下面の受熱面が各熱伝導部材(3)の第２接触部(7)の上面に熱的に接するように配置し、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱媒体流通路(4)に冷熱を供給しうる伝熱媒体である冷却液を供給する。すると、冷却液が伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱媒体流通路(4)を流れている間に、冷却液の有する冷熱が、各熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(6)および第２接触部(7)を経て各組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)に伝えられ、各組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)が冷却される。 When cooling all the unit cells (11) constituting the above-mentioned assembled battery (10), the heat receiving surface of the lower surface of each assembled battery (10) is the second contact portion (7) of each heat conducting member (3) The heat transfer medium flow path (4) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) is supplied with a cooling fluid which is a heat transfer medium capable of supplying cold heat. Then, while the coolant is flowing through the heat transfer medium flow passage (4) of the heat transfer medium flow body (2), the cold of the coolant is the first contact portion (6 of each heat conducting member (3) And the second contact portion (7) to all the cells (11) of each battery pack (10) to cool all the cells (11) of each battery pack (10).
寒冷地において、使用開始前に単電池(11)を適正温度まで加熱する必要がある場合には、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱媒体流通路(4)に温熱を供給しうる伝熱媒体である高温の加熱液を供給する。すると、加熱液が伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱媒体流通路(4)を流れている間に、加熱液の有する温熱が、冷却の場合と同様にして各組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)に伝えられ、組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)が適正温度に加熱される。 In a cold area, when it is necessary to heat the single cell (11) to an appropriate temperature before the start of use, the heat transfer medium flow path (4) of the heat transfer medium flow body (2) can be supplied with heat. Supply a high temperature heating liquid which is a heating medium. Then, while the heating liquid is flowing through the heat transfer medium flow passage (4) of the heat transfer medium flow body (2), the heat of the heating liquid is the same as in the case of cooling. All the cells (11) are transmitted, and all the cells (11) of the battery pack (10) are heated to the appropriate temperature.
なお、図１に示す伝熱装置(1)において、１つの伝熱媒体流通体(2)だけが用いられるとともに、熱伝導部材(3)の一方の端部のみに第１接触部(6)が設けられる場合もある。 In the heat transfer device (1) shown in FIG. 1, only one heat transfer medium circulating body (2) is used and the first contact portion (6) is formed only at one end of the heat conducting member (3). May be provided.
図５は図１の伝熱装置に用いられる熱伝導部材の変形例を示す。 FIG. 5 shows a modified example of the heat conducting member used in the heat transfer device of FIG.
図５に示す熱伝導部材(30)の場合、第２接触部(7)の上面に、組電池(10)の各単電池(11)を収容する収容する収容区画(31)が設けられている。隣り合う収容区画(31)どうしは、熱伝導部材(30)の第２接触部(7)と熱的に接触するように立ち上がり状に設けられて単電池(11)の側面の少なくとも一部に熱的に接触する仕切り壁(32)により区画されている。仕切壁(32)は、熱伝導部材(30)と同様に、がアルミニウムと炭素粒子とが複合化されている複合材を含む板状の複合体(20)によって形成されている。 In the case of the heat conduction member (30) shown in FIG. 5, a storage compartment (31) for storing each unit cell (11) of the battery pack (10) is provided on the upper surface of the second contact portion (7) There is. Adjacent storage compartments (31) are provided in a rising shape so as to be in thermal contact with the second contact portion (7) of the heat conducting member (30), and at least a part of the side surface of the unit cell (11) It is partitioned by a thermally contacting partition wall (32). The partition wall (32) is formed of a plate-like composite (20) including a composite material in which aluminum and carbon particles are composited, as in the case of the heat transfer member (30).
なお、図５に示す例では、組電池(10)における単電池(11)の並び方向の両端部のうち少なくともいずれか一端部に位置する収容区画(31)の伝熱媒体流通体(2)側の開口、および少なくともいずれか一方の組電池(10)の単電池(11)が収容される収容区画(31)の側方への開口は、それぞれ上述した複合体(20)により形成された閉鎖壁(33)により閉鎖されている。 In the example shown in FIG. 5, the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) of the storage compartment (31) positioned at least one end of both ends in the arrangement direction of the unit cells (11) in the assembled battery (10) The opening on the side and the opening to the side of the storage compartment (31) in which the unit cell (11) of at least one of the assembled batteries (10) is accommodated are each formed by the above-mentioned composite (20) It is closed by the closing wall (33).
その他の構成は、上述した実施形態の熱伝導部材(3)と同様である。 The other configuration is the same as the heat conducting member (3) of the embodiment described above.
図６〜図１０はこの発明による伝熱装置の他の実施形態を示す。 6 to 10 show another embodiment of the heat transfer device according to the present invention.
図６において、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の２つの垂直面のうちのいずれか一方、ここでは第２接触部(7)側を向いた垂直面(2b)が伝熱面(40)となっている。また、熱伝導部材(3)の両端部に垂直状の第１接触部(41)が設けられ、第１接触部(41)の一方の側面、ここでは第２接触部(7)側とは反対側を向いた側面が伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱面(40)に熱的に接触している。第２接触部(7)は第１接触部(41)と直角をなす水平面内に位置しており、両接触部(41)(7)が複合体(20)を用いて一体に設けられている。熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(41)は、ろう付、はんだ付、拡散接合、超音波接合、レーザー接合などの方法により伝熱媒体流通体(2)に接合されていることが好ましい。 In FIG. 6, one of the two vertical surfaces of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2), here, the vertical surface (2b) facing the second contact portion (7) side is the heat transfer surface (40) It has become. In addition, vertical first contact portions (41) are provided at both ends of the heat conducting member (3), and one side of the first contact portion (41), here, the second contact portion (7) side The opposite side faces are in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface (40) of the heat transfer medium flow body (2). The second contact portion (7) is located in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the first contact portion (41), and the two contact portions (41) and (7) are integrally provided by using the composite (20) There is. The first contact portion (41) of the heat conducting member (3) is joined to the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) by a method such as brazing, soldering, diffusion bonding, ultrasonic bonding, laser bonding, etc. preferable.
図７において、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の下面(2a)が伝熱面(45)の第１部分(45a)になるとともに、２つの垂直面のうちのいずれか一方、ここでは第２接触部(7)側とは反対側を向いた垂直面(2c)が伝熱面(45)の第２部分(45b)となっている。また、熱伝導部材(3)の両端部に、水平部(46a)および垂直部(46b)からなるアングル状の第１接触部(46)が設けられ、第１接触部(46)の水平部(46a)の上面が伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱面(45)の第１部分(45a)に熱的に接触しているとともに同垂直部(46b)の第２接触部(7)側を向いた面が伝熱面(45)の第２部分(45b)に熱的に接触している。第２接触部(7)は第１接触部(46)の水平部(46a)と同一水平面内に位置しており、両接触部(45)(7)が複合体(20)を用いて一体に設けられている。熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(46)の水平部(46a)および垂直部(46b)は、ろう付、はんだ付、拡散接合、超音波接合、レーザー接合などの方法により伝熱媒体流通体(2)に接合されていることが好ましい。 In FIG. 7, the lower surface (2a) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) becomes the first portion (45a) of the heat transfer surface (45), and one of the two vertical surfaces, here the second The vertical surface (2c) facing the side opposite to the contact portion (7) side is the second portion (45b) of the heat transfer surface (45). In addition, an angled first contact portion (46) comprising a horizontal portion (46a) and a vertical portion (46b) is provided at both ends of the heat conducting member (3), and the horizontal portion of the first contact portion (46) The upper surface of (46a) is in thermal contact with the first portion (45a) of the heat transfer surface (45) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) and the second contact portion (7 of the same vertical portion (46b) The side-facing surface is in thermal contact with the second portion (45b) of the heat transfer surface (45). The second contact portion (7) is located in the same horizontal plane as the horizontal portion (46a) of the first contact portion (46), and both contact portions (45) and (7) are integrated using the composite (20) Provided in The horizontal portion (46a) and the vertical portion (46b) of the first contact portion (46) of the heat conducting member (3) are heat transfer media by a method such as brazing, soldering, diffusion bonding, ultrasonic bonding, laser bonding, etc. It is preferable to be joined to the flow body (2).
図８において、伝熱媒体流通体(2)の上面(2d)が伝熱面(50)の第１部分(50a)になり、同じく伝熱媒体流通体(2)の２つの垂直面のうちのいずれか一方、ここでは第２接触部(7)側とは反対側を向いた垂直面(2c)が伝熱面(50)の第２部分(50b)となり、同じく下面(2a)が伝熱面(50)の第３部分(50c)となっている。熱伝導部材(3)の両端部に、上下方向に間隔をおいて配置された２つの水平部(51a)(51b)および両水平部(51a)(51b)の一側縁部どうしを連結する垂直部(51c)からなるチャンネル状の第１接触部(51)が設けられている。第１接触部(51)の上水平部(51a)の下面が伝熱媒体流通体(2)の伝熱面(50)の第１部分(50a)に熱的に接触し、同下水平部(51b)の上面が伝熱面(50)の第３部分(50c)に熱的に接触し、同垂直部(51c)の第２接触部(7)側を向いた面が伝熱面(50)の第２部分(50b)に熱的に接触している。第２接触部(7)は第１接触部(51)の下水平部(51b)と同一水平面内に位置しており、両接触部(51)(7)が複合体(20)を用いて一体に設けられている。熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(51)の上下両水平部(51a)(51b)および垂直部(51c)は、ろう付、はんだ付、拡散接合、超音波接合、レーザー接合などの方法により伝熱媒体流通体(2)に接合されていることが好ましい。 In FIG. 8, the upper surface (2d) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) is the first portion (50a) of the heat transfer surface (50), and similarly, of the two vertical planes of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2). Here, the vertical surface (2c) facing away from the second contact portion (7) is the second portion (50b) of the heat transfer surface (50), and the lower surface (2a) is also It is the third portion (50c) of the thermal surface (50). Connecting the two horizontal portions (51a) (51b) and one horizontal edge (51a) (51b) of the two horizontal portions (51a) (51b), which are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, at both ends of the heat conducting member (3) A channel-like first contact portion (51) consisting of a vertical portion (51c) is provided. The lower surface of the upper horizontal portion (51a) of the first contact portion (51) is in thermal contact with the first portion (50a) of the heat transfer surface (50) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (2). The upper surface of (51b) is in thermal contact with the third portion (50c) of the heat transfer surface (50), and the surface facing the second contact portion (7) side of the vertical portion (51c) is the heat transfer surface ( 50) in thermal contact with the second part (50b). The second contact portion (7) is located in the same horizontal plane as the lower horizontal portion (51b) of the first contact portion (51), and both contact portions (51) and (7) use the composite (20). It is provided integrally. The upper and lower horizontal parts (51a) (51b) and the vertical part (51c) of the first contact part (51) of the heat conducting member (3) may be brazed, soldered, diffusion bonded, ultrasonic bonded, laser bonded etc. It is preferable that the heat transfer medium circulating body (2) is joined by a method.
図９において、伝熱装置(55)の伝熱媒体流通体(56)の外形の横断面形状は円形であり、その内部に伝熱媒体流通路(4)が形成されている。伝熱媒体流通体(56)の外周面の下端から上端を越えて熱伝導部材(3)の第２接触部(7)側まで至る優弧状部分が伝熱面(57)となっている。すなわち、伝熱面(57)の一側縁部が伝熱媒体流通体(56)の横断面形状の外形の下端部に位置するとともに、他側縁部が同上端部よりも第２接触部(7)側に位置している。熱伝導部材(3)の両端部に、第２接触部(7)側に開口しかつ開口を挟んだ２つの側縁部のうちのいずれか一方が伝熱媒体流通体(56)の下端部に位置する優弧状の第１接触部(58)が設けられている。第２接触部(7)は、第１接触部(58)の下側縁部に連なった水平面内に位置しており、両接触部(58)(7)が複合体(20)を用いて一体に設けられている。熱伝導部材(3)の第１接触部(58)は、ろう付、はんだ付、拡散接合、超音波接合、レーザー接合などの方法により伝熱媒体流通体(56)に接合されていることが好ましい。 In FIG. 9, the cross-sectional shape of the outer shape of the heat transfer medium circulating body (56) of the heat transfer device (55) is circular, and the heat transfer medium flow passage (4) is formed therein. An arc-shaped portion extending from the lower end of the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body (56) to the second contact portion (7) side of the heat conducting member (3) beyond the upper end is a heat transfer surface (57). That is, one side edge portion of the heat transfer surface (57) is located at the lower end portion of the outer shape of the heat transfer medium circulating body (56) in cross-sectional shape, and the other side edge portion is the second contact portion than the upper end portion. (7) It is located on the side. At both ends of the heat conducting member (3), one of the two side edges opened on the second contact portion (7) side and sandwiching the opening is the lower end portion of the heat transfer medium circulating body (56) An arc-shaped first contact portion (58) located at The second contact portion (7) is located in a horizontal surface connected to the lower side edge portion of the first contact portion (58), and both contact portions (58) and (7) use the composite (20) It is provided integrally. The first contact portion (58) of the heat conducting member (3) is joined to the heat transfer medium circulating body (56) by a method such as brazing, soldering, diffusion bonding, ultrasonic bonding, laser bonding or the like preferable.
その他の構成は上述した実施形態と同様である。 The other configuration is the same as that of the embodiment described above.
図１０において、伝熱装置(60)は、１つの伝熱媒体流通体(61)と、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の両側に配置された複数の熱伝導部材(62)とを備えている。 In FIG. 10, the heat transfer device (60) comprises one heat transfer medium circulating body (61) and a plurality of heat conducting members (62) arranged on both sides of the heat transfer medium circulating body (61). There is.
伝熱媒体流通体(61)は金属、たとえばアルミニウムを用いて横断面形状の外形が上下方向に長い方形となるように角筒状に形成されており、内部に、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の長手方向に延びた複数の伝熱媒体流通路(63)が上下方向に並んで設けられ、両側面が伝熱面(64)となっている。各伝熱媒体流通路(63)には受熱体に冷熱を付与したり、温熱を付与したりする伝熱媒体が流れる。 The heat transfer medium circulating body (61) is formed of a metal, for example, aluminum and formed in a rectangular tube shape so that the outer shape of the cross sectional shape becomes a vertically long square, and the heat transfer medium circulating body (61) A plurality of heat transfer medium flow passages (63) extending in the longitudinal direction of the above are aligned in the vertical direction, and both side surfaces are heat transfer surfaces (64). In each heat transfer medium flow passage (63), a heat transfer medium for applying cold or heat to the heat receiving body flows.
熱伝導部材(62)は、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の伝熱面(64)に熱的に接触しかつ伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受ける垂直状の第１接触部(65)、および複数の受熱体に熱的に接触しかつ冷熱または温熱を受熱体に伝える水平状の第２接触部(66)を有しており、第２接触部(66)が第１接触部(65)と直角をなす水平面内に位置するように、両接触部が上述した複合体(20)によって一体に形成されている。 The heat transfer member (62) is in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface (64) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (61), and receives vertical heat or heat of the heat transfer medium, and a vertical first contact portion (65) And a horizontal second contact portion (66) which is in thermal contact with the plurality of heat receiving members and transfers cold or warm heat to the heat receiving member, and the second contact portion (66) is the first contact portion (66). Both contacts are integrally formed by the above-mentioned composite (20) so as to be located in a horizontal plane perpendicular to 65).
熱伝導部材(62)の第１接触部(65)の一方の側面、ここでは第２接触部(7)側とは反対側を向いた側面が伝熱媒体流通体(61)の伝熱面(64)に熱的に接触している。熱伝導部材(62)の第１接触部(65)は、ろう付、はんだ付、拡散接合、超音波接合、レーザー接合などの方法により伝熱媒体流通体(61)に接合されていることが好ましい。 The heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body (61): one side surface of the first contact portion (65) of the heat conducting member (62), here, the side surface facing away from the second contact portion (7) side It is in thermal contact with (64). The first contact portion (65) of the heat conducting member (62) may be joined to the heat transfer medium circulating body (61) by a method such as brazing, soldering, diffusion bonding, ultrasonic bonding, laser bonding, etc. preferable.
上述した伝熱装置(60)を用いて組電池(10)を構成する単電池(11)に、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の伝熱媒体流通路(63)内を流れる伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を伝える際の使用例は次の通りである。 The heat transfer medium flowing in the heat transfer medium flow passage (63) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (61) in the unit cell (11) constituting the battery assembly (10) using the heat transfer device (60) described above The example of use in transferring cold or warm heat is as follows.
上述した組電池(10)を構成するすべての単電池(11)を冷却する場合、各組電池(10)を、下面の受熱面が各熱伝導部材(62)の第２接触部(66)の上面に熱的に接するように配置し、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の全伝熱媒体流通路(63)に冷熱を供給しうる伝熱媒体である冷却液を供給する。すると、冷却液が伝熱媒体流通体(61)の伝熱媒体流通路(63)を流れている間に、冷却液の有する冷熱が、各熱伝導部材(62)の第１接触部(65)および第２接触部(66)を経て各組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)に伝えられ、各組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)が冷却される。 When cooling all the unit cells (11) constituting the above-mentioned assembled battery (10), the heat receiving surface of the lower surface of each assembled battery (10) is the second contact portion (66) of each heat conducting member (62) The heat transfer medium circulation path (63) of the heat transfer medium circulating body (61) is supplied with a cooling fluid which is a heat transfer medium capable of supplying cold heat. Then, while the coolant is flowing through the heat transfer medium flow passage (63) of the heat transfer medium flow body (61), the cold of the coolant is the first contact portion (65 of each heat conducting member (62). And the second contact portion (66) to all the cells (11) of each battery pack (10) to cool all the cells (11) of each battery pack (10).
寒冷地において、使用開始前に単電池(11)を適正温度まで加熱する必要がある場合には、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の全伝熱媒体流通路(63)に温熱を供給しうる伝熱媒体である高温の加熱液を供給する。すると、加熱液が伝熱媒体流通体(61)の伝熱媒体流通路(63)を流れている間に、加熱液の有する温熱が、冷却の場合と同様にして各組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)に伝えられ、組電池(10)のすべての単電池(11)が適正温度に加熱される。 In a cold area, when it is necessary to heat the single cell (11) to an appropriate temperature before the start of use, it is possible to supply the heat to all the heat transfer medium flow passages (63) of the heat transfer medium circulation body (61). The high temperature heating liquid which is a heat transfer medium is supplied. Then, while the heating liquid is flowing through the heat transfer medium flow passage (63) of the heat transfer medium flow body (61), the heating heat of the heating liquid is the same as in the case of cooling. All the cells (11) are transmitted, and all the cells (11) of the battery pack (10) are heated to the appropriate temperature.
なお、図１０に示す伝熱装置(60)において、伝熱媒体流通体(61)の片側のみに複数の熱伝導部材(62)が配置される場合もある。 In the heat transfer device (60) shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of heat transfer members (62) may be disposed only on one side of the heat transfer medium circulating body (61).
この発明による伝熱装置は、たとえば組電池におけるリチウム二次電池からなる単電池に冷熱または温熱を伝えることに好適に用いられる。 The heat transfer device according to the present invention is suitably used, for example, to transfer cold or heat to a unit cell consisting of a lithium secondary battery in a battery pack.
(1)(55)(60)：伝熱装置
(2)(56)(61)：伝熱媒体流通体
(3)(30)(62)：熱伝導部材
(4)(63)：伝熱媒体流通路
(5)(40)(45)(50)(57)(64)：伝熱面
(6)(41)(46)(51)(58)(65)：第１接触部
(7)(66)：第２接触部
(10)：組電池（受熱体）
(11)：単電池
(20)：複合体
(21)：複合材
(22)：アルミニウムマトリックス
(23)：炭素粒子
(25)：炭素粒子分散層
(26)：アルミニウム層
(1) (55) (60): Heat transfer device
(2) (56) (61): Heat transfer medium circulating body
(3) (30) (62): heat conducting member
(4) (63): Heat transfer medium flow passage
(5) (40) (45) (50) (57) (64): Heat transfer surface
(6) (41) (46) (51) (58) (65): first contact portion
(7) (66): second contact portion
(10): Battery assembly (heat receiving body)
(11): single cell
(20): complex
(21): Composite material
(22): Aluminum matrix
(23): carbon particles
(25): carbon particle dispersed layer
(26): Aluminum layer
Claims (14)
伝熱媒体が流通する伝熱媒体流通路を有するとともに、外面に伝熱面を有する伝熱媒体流通体と、伝熱媒体流通体の伝熱面に熱的に接触しかつ伝熱媒体の有する冷熱または温熱を受ける第１接触部、および受熱体に熱的に接触しかつ冷熱または温熱を受熱体に伝える平坦状の第２接触部を有する複数の熱伝導部材とを備えており、熱伝導部材が、アルミニウムと炭素粒子とが複合化されている複合材を含む板状の複合体によって形成されている伝熱装置。 What is claimed is: 1. A heat transfer device for transferring the cold or warm heat of a heat transfer medium to a heat receiver,
A heat transfer medium circulating body having a heat transfer medium flow passage through which the heat transfer medium flows and having a heat transfer surface on an outer surface, and a heat transfer medium in thermal contact with the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer medium circulating body A plurality of heat conducting members having a first contact portion receiving cold or heat and a flat second contact portion in thermal contact with the heat receiving body and transferring the heat or heat to the heat receiving body; A heat transfer device, wherein the member is formed of a plate-like composite including a composite material in which aluminum and carbon particles are composited.
A plurality of assembled batteries and the heat transfer device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein each assembled battery is constituted by a plurality of single cells, and the single cell is a heat transfer medium circulating body. An assembled battery device that is a heat receiving body that receives cold heat or heat of a heat transfer medium flowing in a heat medium flow passage.
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| JP2004103258A (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-04-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery pack |
| JP2013526766A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2013-06-24 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Cooling member having compact structure and excellent stability, and battery module having the same |
| JP2013537999A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2013-10-07 | アカソル・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Cooling module and method for manufacturing cooling module |
| JP2016502234A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-01-21 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Battery system and battery cell assembly cooling method |
| JP2016021278A (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2016-02-04 | 日立工機株式会社 | Backpack power source |
| JP2017007172A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-12 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Composite of aluminum and carbon particle and method for producing the same |
| JP2017088913A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-05-25 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Method for producing complex of aluminum and carbon particle |
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2017
- 2017-12-25 JP JP2017247596A patent/JP6978305B2/en active Active
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2018
- 2018-12-21 CN CN201822152514.5U patent/CN209655875U/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004103258A (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-04-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Battery pack |
| JP2013526766A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2013-06-24 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Cooling member having compact structure and excellent stability, and battery module having the same |
| JP2013537999A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2013-10-07 | アカソル・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | Cooling module and method for manufacturing cooling module |
| JP2016502234A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-01-21 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | Battery system and battery cell assembly cooling method |
| JP2016021278A (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2016-02-04 | 日立工機株式会社 | Backpack power source |
| JP2017007172A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-12 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Composite of aluminum and carbon particle and method for producing the same |
| JP2017088913A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-05-25 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Method for producing complex of aluminum and carbon particle |
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| JP6978305B2 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
| CN209655875U (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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