JP2019055049A - Vessel rotary type kneading device - Google Patents
Vessel rotary type kneading device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
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パン生地作成に用いる小麦粉をこねるための手動器具に関する技術であり、その応用として団子などに用いる米粉をこねたり、うどん粉やそば粉をこねるたり、また、ハンバーグや肉団子などのひき肉をこねることにも適用可能であり、さらにこの手動器具をモーター駆動として発展させることも可能な技術である。 It is a technique related to manual equipment for kneading flour used to make bread dough, and as an application it can knead rice flour used for dumplings, knead udon flour and buckwheat flour, and knead minced meat such as hamburger and meat dumplings It is a technology that can be applied, and can further develop this manual instrument as a motor drive.
本発明のきっかけは、調理用のボウルを用いて作る家庭での天然酵母パンを商業化する試みの中で生まれたものであり、小麦粉の手ごねあるいはこれに準じる捏ね方を合理化しようとする技術であり、家庭で作る天然酵母パンの制作方法を参考としている。 The opportunity of the present invention was born in an attempt to commercialize home-grown natural yeast bread made using a cooking bowl, and attempts to streamline the method of wheat flour or similar kneading. The technology refers to the production method of natural yeast bread made at home.
製パンや趣味で行うパン焼きなどにおいては、手ごねに代わるこね器が広く使用される。また、製麺などでも手ごねに代わる器具が使用されている。また、家庭など少量のハンバーグ材料の混ぜ合わせ等には手ごねに代わってフードプロセッサーが利用される。これら、利用されているこね器やフードプロセッサーでは、粉や材料を投入した容器の内部に攪拌用の羽を差し入れ、その羽を回転させることにより、材料と羽及び容器との相互作用で捏ねる作業を行わせる形態を取っている。 In bread making or baking as a hobby, a kneader that replaces hand-kneading is widely used. In addition, tools for replacing noodles are also used. In addition, food processors are used instead of hands for mixing small amounts of hamburger ingredients at home. In these kneaders and food processors that are used, work is carried out by inserting the wings for stirring into the container filled with powder or material, and rotating the wings so that the wings and containers interact with each other. It is taking the form to do.
天然酵母のパンを家庭で作ることは、通常のイーストのパン作りよりも一層手間がかかると考えられているだけでなく、家庭の主婦が働きに出なくてはならないような状況も生まれつつある中で、これまで主婦の手で作られてきたものが、次第になくなっていくのではないかという不安がある。このような中で、手づくりに近い天然酵母のパンを商品化しようとする。このためには、採算をとるために大型の機械を導入して行う方法があるが、大容量の生地発酵で家庭で作る味が再現できる保証はないため、家庭での作り方を応用する。しかし、これを採算が取れるように広く売り出していくには、いくつかの課題を解決する必要がある。矢野さき子が確立したパンの作り方は、生地をボウルに入れて発酵具合を見極めることに特徴がある。たくさんのパンを焼く場合には、多数のボウルを用いる。それぞれに捏ねた生地を投入することとなるが、大量に生地を捏ねれば、それをボウルごとに分割しなければならず、これはひと手間である。これを解決する方法がここに提示する容器回転型こね器である。手ごねでは材料が手指に付着し、捏ねる工程を連続して行うのでなければ、工程を終えるたびに手指を洗浄するか手袋を取り換えるかする必要があり、こね器使用の場合には、こね器の複雑な形状の羽に付着する材料をきれいに取り除く必要があった。また、捏ねられた生地は、ボウルの中で発酵させる工程に移るが、その際、これまでのこね器では、生地を移し替える必要があった。 Making natural yeast bread at home is not only thought to be more time-consuming than normal yeast bread making, but there are also situations where homewives have to go to work Among them, there is anxiety that what has been made by the housewives so far will gradually disappear. Under such circumstances, we will try to commercialize natural yeast bread that is close to handmade. For this purpose, there is a method to introduce a large machine to make a profit, but there is no guarantee that the taste made at home can be reproduced by large-capacity dough fermentation, so the method of making at home is applied. However, in order to sell this widely to be profitable, it is necessary to solve several problems. The method of making bread established by Sakiko Yano is characterized by putting the dough into a bowl and determining the fermentation condition. Use a large number of bowls when baking a lot of bread. Each kneaded dough will be thrown in, but if a large amount of dough is kneaded, it must be divided into bowls, which is a hassle. A method for solving this is the container rotating kneader presented here. If the material is attached to the fingers and the kneading process is not performed continuously, it is necessary to wash the fingers or replace the gloves every time the process is completed. It was necessary to cleanly remove the material adhering to the complex shaped wings of the vessel. In addition, the kneaded dough is transferred to a process of fermentation in a bowl. At that time, it has been necessary to transfer the dough with a conventional kneader.
小麦粉などの材料を入れたボウルをそのまま容器回転の器具に取り付け、容器を回転させることにより、生地を捏ねる。その際、手ごねに近い圧力が加わるようにボウルの対称軸を容器回転軸とずらしておき、半固定のへらを回転にブレーキがかかる向きに容器内部に挿入する。パン生地の場合、始めは水分と小麦粉が分離しており、ほとんど負荷を感じることなく容器を回転させることができ、小麦粉の中に均一に水分が拡散するように半固定へらを回転の動径方向あるいは垂直方向にわずかに動かしながら容器に回転を加える。さらに容器回転を続け攪拌が進むにつれ、生地に粘りが出て次第に生地全体が一体になるようになると、回転の抵抗力が増し、ここで手ごねに近い圧力を生地にかけ続けることができるようになる。これは、容器に引きずられて回転する生地が半固定へらに押しとどめられるためである。また、容器の回転軸が傾いているため、回転に合わせて生地が上下に入れ替わる運動が起きて来る。 A bowl containing materials such as flour is attached to a container rotating device as it is, and the dough is kneaded by rotating the container. At that time, the axis of symmetry of the bowl is shifted from the container rotation axis so that a pressure close to that of the hand is applied, and a semi-fixed spatula is inserted into the container so that the rotation is braked. In the case of bread dough, the moisture and flour are separated at the beginning, the container can be rotated with almost no load, and the radial direction of rotation of the semi-fixed spatula so that the moisture spreads uniformly in the flour Alternatively, rotate the container with slight vertical movement. As the container continues to rotate and the agitation progresses, the dough becomes sticky and the whole dough gradually becomes united. As a result, the resistance of the rotation increases, and it is possible to continue applying pressure close to the hand. become. This is because the cloth that is dragged and rotated by the container is held by the semi-fixed spatula. Moreover, since the rotation axis of the container is tilted, a movement occurs in which the dough is changed up and down in accordance with the rotation.
パン生地の場合、始めは水分と小麦粉が分離しており、ほとんど負荷を感じることなく容器を回転させることができ、半固定へらを回転の動径方向、垂直方向に動かしながら容器を回転させることで小麦粉の中に均一に水分を拡散させることができる。さらに容器回転を続けて攪拌が進むにつれ、生地に粘りが出て次第に生地全体が一体になるようになると、回転の抵抗力が増し、ここで手ごねに近い圧力を生地にかけ続けることができるようになる。直径27cmの市販のボウルに1kgの小麦粉、適量の塩、砂糖をいれて天然酵母の生だねを加えて撹拌を始め2分後には生地がまとなるようになり、5分後には一体化した塊となり、7〜8分後には捏ね上げることができた。これは、羽で捏ねる方式の市販のこね器を利用した場合に比べて約半分の時間である。この訳は加える力が効率的に材料に加えられるためである。 In the case of bread dough, moisture and flour are separated at the beginning, the container can be rotated with almost no load, and the container can be rotated by moving the semi-fixed spatula in the radial and vertical directions of rotation. Moisture can be evenly diffused in the flour. As the container continues to rotate and the agitation proceeds, the dough becomes sticky and the whole dough gradually becomes united, and the resistance to rotation increases, so it is possible to continue applying pressure close to the hand. It becomes like this. Add 1 kg of flour, appropriate amount of salt and sugar to a commercially available bowl with a diameter of 27 cm, add the raw yeast of natural yeast, and start stirring after 2 minutes. The dough will become solid after 5 minutes. It became a lump and could be lifted after 7 to 8 minutes. This is about half the time compared to using a commercially available kneader with a wing method. This is because the applied force is efficiently applied to the material.
本容器回転型こね器は、図1に示すそのままの状態でパン生地を捏ねる工程で使用される。ただし、回転軸の途中にベベルギアを取り付けて手回しハンドル軸を水平方向に変え、容器保持フォークの下横で回すようにすると、ハンドルを回しながら捏ねられる生地の観察を容易に行うことができるようになる。また、半固定へらを保持する横木の一方をヒンジによる固定として、横木を上方に開けることができるようにすると容器ボウルの装着の際に便利となる。さらに、手回しハンドルの代わりにこれを電動モーターによる駆動に変えることは省力化につながる。 This container rotating kneader is used in the process of kneading bread dough as it is as shown in FIG. However, by attaching a bevel gear in the middle of the rotating shaft, turning the handle shaft horizontally, and turning it under the container holding fork, it is possible to easily observe the fabric being kneaded while turning the handle. Become. In addition, it is convenient when the container bowl is mounted if one of the crosspieces holding the semi-fixed spatula is fixed by a hinge so that the crosspiece can be opened upward. Furthermore, instead of using a handwheel handle, changing this to drive by an electric motor leads to labor saving.
本容器回転型こね器は、図1に示すそのままの状態でパン生地を捏ねる工程で使用される。容器としては深いミキシングボウルを使用し、このボウルに材料を投入した容器を容器保持ベルトで固定し、半固定へらの位置を調節しながら回転ハンドルを回して捏ね上げる。捏ね上げたら、半固定へらを外して容器保持ベルトから容器ボウルを外して次の工程に移す。半固定へらに付着したパン生地の破片はへらが平らで容易に削り取ることができるため、作業性が良い。新しい材料を投入した次の容器ボウルを固定して次のこね作業に入ることができる。 This container rotating kneader is used in the process of kneading bread dough as it is as shown in FIG. A deep mixing bowl is used as the container, and the container in which the material is charged is fixed with a container holding belt, and the rotary handle is rotated while the position of the semi-fixed spatula is adjusted. When it is lifted up, remove the semi-fixed spatula, remove the container bowl from the container holding belt, and move to the next step. The bread dough pieces adhering to the semi-fixed spatula have good workability because the spatula is flat and can be easily scraped off. The next container bowl filled with new material can be fixed and the next kneading operation can be started.
試作品によるパン生地のこね作業では、手ごねに近い状態で生地が捏ね上がることが確認され、また、市販のニーダーによる捏ね時間の約半分の時間で捏ね上げることができた。また、ひき肉を用いた肉団子の作成にも利用したが、手ごねに比べてより滑らかなこね上がりが得られるなど、パン生地以外の材料にも応用できることが確認できている。市販のこね機械がほとんどすべて容器内に設置した撹拌の羽を使用しており、捏ねるために必要とされる力の伝達に羽と生地の塊との相互作用による、いわば、受け身の作用に頼っているのに対して、本容器回転型こね器では、捏ねるために必要とされる力が、容器に張り付いた生地の回転力とストッパーとなる半固定へらとの間で、より直接的になされる構造になっているため、今後、この方式は市販のニーダーにも革命を起こす可能性を秘めている。 In the kneading work of the bread dough by the prototype, it was confirmed that the dough kneaded in a state close to the hands, and kneaded in about half the time of kneading with a commercial kneader. Although it was also used to make meat dumplings using minced meat, it has been confirmed that it can be applied to materials other than bread dough. Almost all commercially available kneading machines use stirring wings installed in a container, relying on the passive action of the interaction between the wings and the dough mass to transmit the force required for kneading. On the other hand, in this container rotary kneader, the force required for kneading is more directly between the rotational force of the dough stuck to the container and the semi-fixed spatula that serves as a stopper. In the future, this system has the potential to revolutionize commercially available kneaders because of its structure.
1 容器ボウル
2 容器ボウルの対称軸
3 容器ボウル固定ベルト
4 容器ボウル保持フォーク
5 回転軸
6 回転ハンドル
7 回転軸
8 半固定へら
9 本体支柱
10 床面
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container bowl 2 Axis of symmetry of container bowl 3 Container bowl fixed belt 4 Container bowl holding fork 5 Rotating shaft 6 Rotating handle 7 Rotating shaft 8 Semi-fixed spatula 9 Main body column 10 Floor surface
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