JP2018020710A - Rudder for craft, and craft - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rudder for a craft, which can increase a lateral force of the rudder, generated when a rudder angle is made by pulling the rudder, by a relatively simple configuration, and the craft.SOLUTION: A rudder for a craft is provided with plate-like auxiliary rudder force generation members 21 and 31 which are arranged on both sides with respect to a rudder center surface Cd away from the rudder center surface Cd via holding members 22 and 32 joined to a downside or upside end 13 or 14 of the rudder 10 for the craft with respect to a vertical direction of the rudder 10 for the craft, and which have a tilt angle α of 45-90 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane so as to face each other on the other side of rudder faces 10a and 10b with respect to the vertical direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a marine rudder and a marine vessel that can increase the lateral force of the rudder generated when the rudder is turned and the rudder angle is obtained with a relatively simple configuration.

  In order to operate a ship safely and efficiently, it is essential that the ship maneuvering has sufficient turning performance and needle-keeping performance. Yes, in ship maneuvering, a rudder is provided behind a propeller such as a stern propeller, and during navigation, the rudder is turned by steering to generate lift and act on the rudder. By turning lateral force, the boat turns by turning the hull in the forward direction.

  On the other hand, the dimensions of this rudder are subject to many restrictions such as the required amount of drainage of the ship equipped with the rudder, total length restrictions, arrangement of various rooms, and prevention of interference with the propeller. In particular, increasing the rudder increases this lift, but generally the rudder is placed behind the propeller, so it is difficult to secure sufficient space, and the size of the rudder is limited. Yes. Therefore, even if the rudder is limited in size, a rudder that can generate a high rudder with a high lift force and a high lift coefficient is required.

  However, the conventional rudder has a problem that wing tip vortices are generated from the upper side and lower side of the rudder, and the lift is reduced by the outflow of the wing tip vortex. On the other hand, the technique which improves this problem by adding an end plate to the upper side and the lower side and suppressing the outflow of the blade tip vortex has been developed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). .

  The bottom end plates provided on the lower side generate lift due to the camber shape (see, for example, paragraphs [0021] and [0026] of Patent Document 1), and reduce the influence of the blade end surface to increase the lift. (For example, refer to paragraph [0003] of Patent Document 2), thrust is generated by the component in the propulsion direction. In addition, when a rudder angle is given to the rudder plate, the energy of the water flow is taken in between the top and bottom end plates of the rudder plate and acts strongly on the surface of the rudder plate, and the rudder plate generates lift as a normal wing. In addition, lift due to refraction of the water flow at the rear edge portion is generated and high lift is generated as a whole, and therefore it is said that high maneuverability is given to the ship (see, for example, paragraph [0035] of Patent Document 3).

  These bottom end plates have a shape in which both side end portions are slightly bent downward (see, for example, paragraph [0023] of Patent Document 3). Although there is no particular description regarding this shape, it is considered that the bottom end plate is bent in order to increase the strength, rather than being simply a flat plate. For this reason, the bending angle is also small and is estimated to be about 30 degrees from the figure.

JP 2002-177891 A JP 2002-274490 A JP-A-2005-247122

  On the other hand, the inventors have performed calculations such as an aquarium experiment and a fluid calculation simulation program for a boat rudder having a flat bottom end plate or, for example, an end plate bent at a maximum of about 40 degrees from a horizontal plane. As a result of examining the above data, etc., even with an end plate that is slightly bent downward on both sides of this flat plate, a high lift effect can be obtained, but the effect is limited and the influence of the outflow of the tip vortex is limited. We have found that there is still considerable room for improvement.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a marine rudder capable of increasing the lateral force of the rudder generated when the rudder angle is turned with a relatively simple configuration. To provide a ship.

  The ship rudder according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object is the center of the rudder via a holding member joined to the lower or upper end of the ship rudder in the vertical direction of the ship rudder. Arranged on both sides with respect to the rudder center plane away from the plane and having an inclination angle in a range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane on the side opposite to the rudder plane in the vertical direction. Plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating members facing each other are provided.

  According to the above configuration, when the ship rudder is turned off by setting the inclination angle of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member from the horizontal plane to 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less, preferably 50 degrees to 80 degrees or less. In addition, the vortex at the blade tip causes the water flow to go from the control surface on the pressure surface side that collides with the water flow to the control surface side plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member and to the control surface on the opposite suction surface side. Although it is going to flow in, the water flow hits the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member on the suction surface side that is largely inclined to the outside of the lower or upper end of the rudder main body immediately before that, and this Due to the collision, a force in the same direction as the steering force, that is, an auxiliary steering force is generated in the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member.

  In addition, when the boat rudder is turned off, the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member prevents the water flow from directly flowing into the suction surface side rudder surface. High differential pressure between the control surface and the control surface on the suction side can be maintained, resulting in a higher lift effect than an end plate with a slightly refracted shape on both sides of a conventional flat plate. You will be able to get

  In the marine rudder, when the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members are provided at both the lower and upper ends of the marine rudder, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force at the end of the marine rudder The action and effect of the generating member can be obtained on both the lower side and the upper side of the marine rudder, and a higher high lift effect can be obtained.

  Said ship rudder WHEREIN: The said plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member is arrange | positioned in the range whose separation distance with respect to the said rudder center plane is 5 to 15% of the length of the said ship rudder. The following effects can be obtained.

  When this separation distance is 5% or more of the length of the boat rudder, when the boat rudder is turned off, the water flow around the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member on the pressure surface sufficiently wraps around the suction surface. If the water flow can collide with the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member on the side substantially vertically, and the separation distance is 15% or less of the length of the boat rudder, the positive pressure surface will be obtained when the boat rudder is turned off. The water flow around the plate-type auxiliary rudder force generating member on the side can be reliably collided with the plate-type auxiliary rudder force generating member on the suction surface side before the momentum of the water flow decreases.

  In the ship rudder, when the length of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member is 40% or more and 100% or less of the length of the ship rudder, the suction surface is turned off when the ship rudder is turned off. The auxiliary steering force generated by the plate-type auxiliary steering force generating member on the side can be further increased.

  In the above-mentioned ship rudder, when the front-rear direction position of the rear end of the plate-type auxiliary rudder force generating member is set to a range 20% ahead of the length of the ship rudder from the rear edge of the ship rudder, There is an effect like this. When the boat rudder is turned off, the water flow from the pressure surface to the suction surface develops stronger toward the rear of the rudder.Therefore, the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member exists up to the vicinity of the rear edge of the rudder. Especially, a strong auxiliary rudder force can be obtained.

  In the ship rudder, the holding member is a plate-like holding member attached to the end of the ship rudder within an angle range of plus 10 degrees to minus 10 degrees at an angle at which the bow side becomes higher with respect to the horizontal. When the rudder for a ship is turned off, the plate-shaped holding member causes the water surface to reach the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member before the pressure surface side control surface is switched to the suction surface side control surface. Therefore, the differential pressure between the two rudder surfaces of the boat rudder can be maintained in a large state.

  In the marine rudder, the length of the holding member is 60% to 100% of the length of the marine rudder, and the width of the holding member is 10% to 30% of the length of the holding member. If it is set as below, it is possible to increase the water flow retention effect that prevents the water flow from flowing out to the control surface on the negative pressure surface side when the boat rudder is turned off.

  In the above-described marine rudder, when the plate-like auxiliary members connecting the vicinity of the tips of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members on both sides with respect to the rudder center plane are provided, the following effects can be exhibited. Even in a marine rudder having this plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member, some wing tip vortices are generated, and a part thereof exists between the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members. Since the blade tip vortex collides with the plate-like auxiliary member blocking the lower side between the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members in the latter half of the marine rudder, the outflow of the blade tip vortex can be suppressed. As a result, the action of the blade tip vortex can be further weakened, so that the differential pressure between the two control surfaces can be maintained larger.

  Furthermore, if a plate-like auxiliary member that joins the vicinity of the lower side of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member is provided, this can alleviate the bending load on the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member, thereby increasing the overall durability. A relatively large plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member can also be installed, and a large high lift effect can be obtained.

  In the above-mentioned ship rudder, the plate-like auxiliary member is provided in a range from 0% to 30% of the length of the ship rudder at a distance from the rear end side of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member. In this case, the plate-like auxiliary member does not diminish the effect of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member, and most of the flow flowing out from the pressure surface side is almost perpendicular to the plate-side auxiliary rudder force generating member on the suction surface side first. In addition, the plate-like auxiliary member can efficiently block the part where the blade tip vortex flows out from between the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members. And an increase in weight due to the provision of the plate-like auxiliary member can be reduced.

  In the marine rudder, when the plate-like auxiliary member is inclined at 1 degree or more and 15 degrees or less so that the front side of the plate-like auxiliary member faces the center of the rudder height with respect to the horizontal plane, The momentum that cancels the inclination of the flow is given to the water that is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane by the blade tip vortex and flows into the plate-like auxiliary member, and the flow can be rectified in a direction closer to the rear, and the rudder is counteracted as a reaction. It is possible to reduce the resistance of the entire rudder by obtaining forward thrust.

  Most of the inclined flow induced by the blade tip vortex at the position of the plate-like auxiliary member is inclined from above to below at the rudder upper part and from below to above at the rudder lower part. In the rudder upper part, the inclination of the auxiliary member in the front-rear direction is 1 degree or more and 15 degrees or less in the direction in which the front is down, and in the rudder lower part, the inclination is 1 degree or more in the direction in which the front is up. If it is less than 50 degrees, the momentum that cancels the inclination of the flow is given to most of the water flowing into the plate-like auxiliary member, and the flow can be rectified in a direction closer to the back, and the rudder is directed forward. A large thrust can be obtained to significantly reduce the resistance of the entire rudder.

  If the cross-section of the plate-like auxiliary member cut along a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction is an airfoil whose rear end forms an acute angle, even if the flow is inclined with respect to the plate-like auxiliary member, the flow is plate-like auxiliary It is difficult to peel off to the rear end on the surface of the member, so that the resistance force received by the plate-like auxiliary member is small and the thrust is large, and the resistance of the entire rudder can be greatly reduced.

  The ship of the present invention for achieving the above object is provided with the above-described ship rudder, and can exhibit the same effects as the above-described ship rudder.

  According to the marine rudder and marine vessel of the present invention, when the marine rudder is turned off, the water flow is on the lower side of the rudder main body or outside the upper end, and the plate-like auxiliary rudder force on the negative pressure surface side of the rudder main body. Colliding with the generating member almost perpendicularly, auxiliary steering force is generated, and the holding member and the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member prevent the direct inflow of water to the control surface on the suction side, which Since the differential pressure between the two control surfaces can be maintained in a large state, a high high lift effect can be obtained.

  Therefore, the lateral force of the rudder generated when the rudder is turned and the rudder angle is taken can be increased with a relatively simple configuration. As a result, a higher lateral force can be obtained with the same size as the existing conventional rudder to improve the rudder's effectiveness, so that it becomes possible to satisfy the maneuverability in stormy weather even with a small main horsepower. .

It is a side view of a stern part which shows typically composition of a rudder for ships of an embodiment concerning the present invention. It is the fragmentary perspective view of the rudder for ships which looked at the rudder for ships of FIG. 1 from back diagonally downward. It is a cross section of the rudder for ships for demonstrating the effect of the rudder for ships of FIG. It is a fragmentary perspective view of the rudder for ships seen from the back diagonally lower direction which shows arrangement of the tabular auxiliary member in the rudder for ships. It is a cross-sectional view of the ship rudder for demonstrating the effect of the plate-shaped auxiliary member of the ship rudder. It is a horizontal sectional view of the rudder for ships for demonstrating the direction of a water flow when turning the rudder for ships, the pressure surface side of a control surface, and the suction surface side. It is a cross-sectional view of the ship rudder which shows the water flow in the ship rudder of the comparative example 1 which is not provided with the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member. It is a cross-sectional view of the boat rudder showing the water flow in the boat rudder of Comparative Example 2 that does not include the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member but includes the bottom end plate. It is a cross-sectional view of the ship rudder which shows the water flow in the ship rudder of the comparative example 3 which is not provided with the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member, but is provided with the bottom end plate in which the both ends were bent.

  Hereinafter, a rudder for a ship and a ship according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The forward direction of the ship is the X direction, the port direction is the Y direction, and the upward direction is the Z direction. Further, the drawings are schematically shown, and the ratio of dimensions in the drawings is not necessarily the same as that of an actual machine. In addition, the length of this ship rudder means the front-rear maximum length in the whole rudder.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the boat 1 and the boat rudder 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention are disposed on the rear side of the propeller 2. The ship rudder 10 is rotated around the rudder pillar 15 by a rudder pillar 15 connected to a steering machine (not shown) disposed in the stern of the ship 1.

  And the ship rudder 10 of embodiment which concerns on this invention is each joined to both the lower edge part 13 and the upper edge part 14 regarding the up-down direction of this ship rudder 10, as shown in FIG. The plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21 (31) are arranged on both sides of the rudder center plane Cd so as to be separated from the rudder center plane Cd as shown in FIGS. doing.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the lower plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 is opposite to the rudder surfaces 10 a and 10 b in the vertical direction, that is, below the lower end 13. The port side auxiliary steering force generating member 21a and the star side auxiliary steering force generating member 21b are arranged so as to face each other. Furthermore, the lower plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b (generally 21) are formed with an inclination angle α of 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal plane.

  Further, the upper plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 31 is not particularly illustrated, but, similarly to the lower plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21, the side opposite to the rudder surface in the vertical direction, that is, the upper end portion. The port side auxiliary steering force generating member on the starboard side and the starboard auxiliary steering force generating member on the starboard side are arranged so as to face each other. Further, the upper plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 31a and 31b are formed so as to have an inclination angle of 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal plane.

  According to this configuration, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21 and 31 as shown in FIG. 3 have an inclination angle α from the horizontal plane in the range of 45 degrees to 90 degrees, preferably 50 degrees to 80 degrees. As a result, the following phenomenon occurs.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when the boat rudder 10 is cut so that the trailing edge is on the port side, the control surface 10 a on the pressure surface side where the water flow W collides with the water flow W due to the blade tip vortex. From the pressure surface side plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21a and trying to flow into the opposite negative pressure surface side rudder surface 10b, but the water flow W immediately before the lower end of the rudder body 13, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 b on the suction surface side that is largely inclined outwardly collides almost vertically. Therefore, a force in the same direction as the steering force, that is, an auxiliary steering force is generated in the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member 21 by this collision.

  Further, when the boat rudder 10 is turned off, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21b prevents the water flow W from flowing directly into the rudder surface 10b on the negative pressure surface side. As a result, a state in which the differential pressure between the rudder surfaces 10a and 10b of the boat rudder 10 is large can be maintained.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the hull is about to turn to the port side and is rotated clockwise (clockwise) when the boat rudder 10 is viewed from above. In this state, the port side rudder surface 10a is On the pressure side. On the contrary, when the hull is going to turn to starboard side, the ship rudder 10 is turned counterclockwise (counterclockwise) when viewed from above, and in this state, the starboard rudder surface 10b is a positive pressure surface. Become the side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, when the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21 and 31 are provided at both the lower end 13 and the upper end 14 of the marine rudder 10, the marine rudder 10. The effects of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21 and 31 at the end portions 13 and 14 can be obtained at both the lower end portion 13 and the upper end portion 14 of the boat rudder 10, resulting in higher lift. The effect can be obtained.

  Although not particularly illustrated, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 may be provided only at the lower end 13 of the marine rudder 10 or may be provided only at the upper end 14. In this case, a higher high lift effect can be obtained on the side where the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21 and 31 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21 and 31 have a separation distance D with respect to the rudder center plane Cd that is 5% (D1) or more of the length Lc of the boat rudder 10. It arrange | positions in the range area | region (Ra) of 15% or less (D2).

  When the separation distance D is 5% or more of the length Lc of the marine vessel rudder 10, as shown in FIG. 3, when the marine rudder 10 is turned off, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21a on the positive pressure surface 10a side. The water flow W that circulates sufficiently becomes able to collide substantially vertically with the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21b on the suction surface 10b side. Further, when the separation distance D is 15% or less of the length Lc of the marine vessel rudder 10, the water flow W that has wrapped around the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21a on the positive pressure surface 10a side when the marine vessel rudder 10 is turned off. Can be reliably caused to collide with the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21b on the suction surface 10b side before the momentum of the water flow W decreases.

  The length L1 of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 as shown in FIG. 2 is 40% or more and 100% or less of the length Lc of the marine rudder 10. Further, the position in the front-rear direction of the rear end P0 of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 is preferably 20% of the length Lc of the marine rudder 10 from the rear edge 11 of the marine rudder 10, more preferably 10% forward. Up to range. Preferably, the width B1 of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 is 5% or more and 20% or less of the length L1 of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21. These three configurations may be employed in combination, or any one or two of them may be employed. With this configuration, the auxiliary steering force generated by the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member 21b on the negative pressure surface side when the marine rudder 10 is turned off can be further increased.

  Further, the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 may be formed of a plate material whose longitudinal direction (X direction) cross section (cross section including the X direction) is a rectangular cross section, but is resistant to the water flow W. Since it is desirable to generate a small lift with a small amount, it is preferable that the longitudinal cross-section is formed in a streamlined shape (including an airfoil shape). In addition, the cross-sectional shape is formed in a trapezoidal shape or a triangular shape in which the rectangular cross section (longitudinal direction) and the tip end side are thin from the viewpoint of workability and strength.

  With respect to the holding member 22, it is disposed within an angle range of plus 10 degrees to minus 10 degrees at an angle at which the bow side becomes higher with respect to the horizontal, in other words, almost horizontally, and its end portions 13, 14 of the marine rudder 10 are arranged. It consists of a plate-like holding member attached to. As a result, when the boat rudder 10 is turned off, the holding member 22 changes the pressure surface side control surface 10a to the suction surface side control surface 10b before the water flow reaches the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21. Can be prevented from flowing out. Therefore, the differential pressure between the rudder surfaces 10a and 10b of the boat rudder 10 can be maintained in a large state.

  The length L2 of the holding member 22 is set to 60% or more and 100% or less of the length Lc of the boat rudder 10, and the width (width across both sides) B2 of the holding member 22 is equal to the length L2 of the holding member 22. 10% or more and 30% or less. Thereby, the holding | maintenance effect of the water flow W which prevents the outflow to the control surface 10b by the side of the negative pressure surface of the water flow W when the boat rudder 10 is cut can be enlarged.

  Further, the holding member 22 may be formed of a plate material whose longitudinal direction (X direction) cross section (cross section including the X direction) is a rectangular cross section, similarly to the shape of the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member 21. However, since it is desirable that the resistance to the water flow W is small and a large lift is generated, it is preferable that the longitudinal cross section be formed into a streamline shape (including an airfoil shape). In addition, the cross-sectional shape is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the rectangular cross section (longitudinal direction) and the front end side are thin from the viewpoint of workability and strength, but the strength capable of holding the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 is ensured. There is a need. The plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21 may be formed by bending the front end side of the holding member 22.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plate-like auxiliary member 23 in which the vicinity of the tips of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b on both sides with respect to the rudder center plane Cd of the boat rudder 10 is connected. Provide. Thereby, the following effects can be exhibited.

  That is, even in the ship rudder 10 having the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b, some wing tip vortices are generated, and a part of the vortex tip rudder force generating members 21a and 21b Will exist. This wing tip vortex collides with the plate-like auxiliary member 23 blocking the lower side between the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a, 21b in the latter half of the downstream side of the boat rudder 10 to prevent outflow. It is done. Therefore, the outflow of the blade tip vortex can be suppressed. As a result, the action of the blade tip vortex can be further weakened, so that the differential pressure between the two control surfaces 10a and 10b can be maintained larger.

  Furthermore, since the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b are structurally reinforced by the plate-like auxiliary member 23, the bending load on the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b can be alleviated. As a result, the relatively large plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b can be installed, so that a large high lift effect can be obtained.

  The plate-like auxiliary member 23 is provided in a range from 0% to 30% of the length Lc of the boat rudder 10 at a distance from the rear end P0 of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a and 21b. Further, the length L3 of the plate-like auxiliary member 23 is set to 5% or more and 30% or less of the length Lc of the boat rudder 10. As a result, the portion where the blade tip vortex flows out from between the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a, 21b without the effect of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members 21a, 21b being reduced by the plate-like auxiliary member 23. Since it can be efficiently blocked, a higher lift can be obtained, and an increase in weight due to the provision of the plate-like auxiliary member 23 can be reduced.

  Further, when the plate-like auxiliary member 23 is inclined at 1 to 15 degrees so that the front side of the plate-like auxiliary member 23 faces the center of the rudder height with respect to the horizontal plane, the horizontal plane is caused by the blade tip vortex. The water flow W inclined to the plate-like auxiliary member 23 is given momentum to cancel the inclination of the water flow W, and the water flow W can be rectified in a direction closer to the rear, and the reaction thereof is The rudder 10 can obtain forward thrust and reduce the resistance of the entire rudder.

  At the position of the plate-like auxiliary member 23, most of the inclined water flow W induced by the blade tip vortex is inclined from above to below at the rudder upper part and from below to above at the rudder lower part. The inclination of the plate-like auxiliary member 23 in the front-rear direction is 1 degree or more and 15 degrees or less in the direction in which the inclination with respect to the horizontal plane is downward in the rudder upper part, and the inclination with respect to the horizontal plane is forward in the lower rudder If the angle is 1 degree or more and 15 degrees or less in the upward direction, the momentum that cancels the inclination of the water flow W is given to the majority of the water flow W flowing into the plate-like auxiliary member 23, and the water flow W is oriented closer to the back. As a reaction, the marine vessel rudder 10 can obtain a large forward thrust and greatly reduce the resistance of the entire rudder.

  Further, if the cross-section obtained by cutting the plate-like auxiliary member 23 along a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction is an airfoil whose rear end forms an acute angle, even if the water flow W is inclined with respect to the plate-like auxiliary member 23, It is difficult for the flow to peel until reaching the rear end on the surface of the plate-like auxiliary member 23, so that the resistance force received by the plate-like auxiliary member 23 is small and the thrust is large, and the resistance of the entire rudder can be greatly reduced.

  And the ship 1 of embodiment which concerns on this invention is provided with said rudder 10 for ships, and can exhibit the same effect as the effect of the rudder 10 for ships of said embodiment.

  According to the marine rudder 10 and the marine 1 having the above-described configuration, when the marine rudder 10 is turned off, the water flow W is negative on the rudder main body on the lower side or the upper end portions 13 and 14 on the upper side of the rudder main body. Colliding almost perpendicularly with the pressure-side plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21b, auxiliary rudder force is generated, and the holding member 22 and the plate-like auxiliary rudder force-generating member 21b are applied to the pressure-side rudder surface 10b. Since direct inflow of the water flow W is hindered and the differential pressure between the two control surfaces 10a and 10b of the boat rudder 10 can be maintained in a large state, a high high lift effect can be obtained.

  Therefore, the lateral force of the rudder generated when the rudder is turned and the rudder angle is taken can be increased with a relatively simple configuration. As a result, a higher lateral force can be obtained with the same size as the existing conventional rudder to improve the rudder's effectiveness, so that it becomes possible to satisfy the maneuverability in stormy weather even with a small main horsepower. .

  When this is compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3 shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, as shown in FIG. 6, the ship rudder 10 is rotated clockwise as viewed from above so that the ship 1 turns to the left. When the water flow W is rotated, the water flow W collides with the port side, the pressure surface side becomes the port side control surface 10a, and the suction surface side becomes the starboard side control surface 10b.

  In the boat rudder 10X of the comparative example 1 that does not include the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member shown in FIG. 7, the water flow W passes from the rudder surface 10a on the positive pressure surface side via the lower end 13 to the negative pressure surface. It can easily flow into the control surface 10b on the side, and the tip vortex will also flow out.

  Moreover, in the boat rudder 10Y of the comparative example 2 which is not provided with the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member shown in FIG. 8 but is provided with the bottom end plate 40, the water flow W is from the rudder surface 10a on the positive pressure surface side. It can flow into the control surface 10b on the suction surface side via the bottom end plate 40 of the lower end portion 13, and the outflow prevention of the blade tip vortex is not sufficient.

  And the rudder 10Z of the ship of the comparative example 3 which is not equipped with the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generation member shown in FIG. 9, but is provided with the bottom end board 41 where the front-end | tip parts 41a of the both sides of a bottom end board bent a little Then, the water flow W does not have sufficient resistance to the extent that the tip portion 41a of the bottom end plate 41 is bent slightly, and passes through the bottom end plate 41 of the lower end portion 13 from the control surface 10a on the positive pressure surface side. It can flow into the control surface 10b on the negative pressure surface side, and the wing tip vortex is not sufficiently prevented from flowing out. In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the water flow W that has passed through the bottom end plate 41 of the lower end portion 13 from the control surface 10 a on the pressure surface side is as small as the inclination angle α of about 30 degrees. It flows along the tip 41a without colliding with the tip 41a.

  Therefore, like the boat rudder 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the water flow W collides with the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 21b on the negative pressure surface side of the rudder main body almost vertically to generate the auxiliary rudder force. In addition, the direct flow of the water flow W to the control surface 10b on the negative pressure surface side is prevented, and the differential pressure between the two control surfaces 10a and 10b of the marine rudder 10 cannot be maintained in a large state.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship 10, 10X, 10Y, 10Z Ship rudder 10a Port side rudder surface 10b Starboard side rudder surface 11 Ship rudder rear edge 12 Ship rudder front edge 13 Lower end 14 Upper end 15 Rudder pillar 21 Plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 22 Holding member 23 Plate-like auxiliary member 31 Plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member 32 Holding member 33 Plate-like auxiliary member 40 Bottom end plate 41 The bottom end where the front end portions on both sides are slightly bent Plate B1 Width of plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member B2 Width of holding member Cd Rudder center plane D Separation distance D1 Lower limit distance D2 Separation distance upper limit distance Lc Length of marine rudder Sa)
L1 Length of the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member L2 Length of the holding member L3 Length of the plate-like auxiliary member P0 Rear end position Ra of the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member Range of the separation distance of the plate-like auxiliary steering force generating member Region W Water current

Claims (11)

  Via a holding member joined to the lower or upper end of the ship rudder in the vertical direction of the ship rudder, arranged away from the rudder center plane on both sides with respect to the rudder center plane; and The plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating members facing each other at an inclination angle in the range of 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal plane on the opposite side to the control surface in the vertical direction are characterized in that Rudder for ships.   2. The ship rudder according to claim 1, wherein plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating members are respectively provided at both lower and upper ends of the ship rudder.   The plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member is disposed within a range in which a separation distance from the rudder center plane is not less than 5% and not more than 15% of the length of the marine rudder. Item 3. A rudder for a ship according to item 1 or 2.   The length of the plate-like auxiliary rudder force generating member is 40% or more and 100% or less of the length of the boat rudder, 4. Rudder.   The front-rear direction position of the rear end of the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member is set to a range 20% ahead of the length of the marine rudder from the rear edge of the marine rudder. The marine rudder according to any one of 4.   The holding member is constituted by a plate-like holding member attached to the end of the marine rudder within an angle range of plus 10 degrees to minus 10 degrees at an angle at which the bow side becomes higher with respect to the horizontal. The marine rudder according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   The length of the holding member is 60% or more and 100% or less of the length of the marine rudder, and the width of the holding member is 10% or more and 30% or less of the length of the holding member. The rudder for ships according to any one of 1 to 6.   The plate-shaped auxiliary member which connected the tip vicinity of the plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member which exists in the both sides with respect to the rudder center surface is provided. Ship rudder.   The said plate-shaped auxiliary member is provided in the range of 0% or more and 30% or less of the length of the said boat rudder at the distance from the rear end of the said plate-shaped auxiliary rudder force generating member. The marine rudder according to 8.   10. The plate-like auxiliary member is inclined at 1 to 15 degrees so that the front side of the plate-like auxiliary member faces the center of the rudder height with respect to a horizontal plane. The described ship rudder.   The ship provided with the rudder for ships of any one of Claims 1-10.

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