JP2017184645A - Plant cultivation greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the outside air introduced into a house to be cooled in advance by using a simple cooling facility in a plant cultivation greenhouse in which the air (hot air) inside the house is replaced with the outside air by an exhaust fan. SOLUTION: A permeable insect-proof net 3 is stretched on a side surface 11 of a house body 1 having an upper part covered with a transparent covering material 2, and the air inside the house body 1 is placed outside the house at appropriate places. The air inside the house body 1 is provided with an exhaust fan 5 that discharges the air to the inside of the house body 1 and an external fine mist cooling device 8 that cools the air near the outside of the side surface 11 of the house body 1 on which the insect net is stretched. By forcibly exhausting the exhaust air with the exhaust fan 5, the cooling outside air that has been finely cooled by the external fine mist cooling device 8 is introduced into the house main body 1 through the insect repellent net 3. I am trying to maintain it at a lower temperature. [Selection diagram]

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation greenhouse for cultivating plants such as flowers, fruit vegetables and vegetables. In addition, the plant cultivation greenhouse which is the subject of this application is the one in which the outside of the skeleton assembled with pipe material, angle material, etc. is covered with a transparent coating material (vinyl sheet or glass plate), and is generally an agricultural house. It is called. And in the following description, the plant cultivation greenhouse of this application may be called an agricultural house or a house.

  As a basic agricultural house, the outside of the skeletal body (assembled with pipe material, angle material, etc.) is covered with a transparent covering material (vinyl sheet, glass plate, etc.) while preventing rainwater from entering, Insect insect nets are stretched at the bottom of the sides to ensure air permeability in the house.

  By the way, in the house as described above, it is customary that the inside of the house is heated to a high temperature of 40 ° C. or more due to solar heat through a transparent covering material, especially in the summertime. While adverse effects occur, the working environment of the workers engaged in the work is deteriorated. Therefore, at present, many farmers suspend house cultivation during the hot summer season.

  On the other hand, there are some things that cool the house with a refrigerator at high temperatures in the summer, but in that case, the equipment cost is high and the operation cost (electricity cost) is high, so it is not widely used.

  In recent years, as a facility for cooling the house relatively easily, there is a fine fog cooling facility in which mist-like water droplets (fine mist) are scattered in the house and cooled by the heat of vaporization. This fine fog cooling system is designed to spray fine mist from a number of fine mist jet nozzles scattered throughout the house at regular intervals to cool the inside of the house. When heated by heat, the fine mist is vaporized and the entire area of the house is in an abnormally high humidity state. When the house is in an abnormally high humidity state, crops are sick and the quality is lowered, resulting in a high-humidity working environment that does not allow long working hours.

  By the way, in order to eliminate such a high humidity state, it is necessary to quickly ventilate the house (replacement with outside air), but the high humidity state in the house has been reduced to a level where work can be performed in the house. In order to do this, it takes time to replace the outside air, and since the inside of the house continues to be heated by solar heat that passes through the covering material, the working environment in the house cannot be improved so much.

  Also, conventionally, in order to prevent the inside of the house from becoming too hot, there is also an exhaust fan provided on the wall surface of the house to forcibly replace the hot air in the house with the outside air. During the summer day, the outside air temperature may become abnormally high. Even if the high temperature outside air is introduced into the house, the air inside the house is replaced with the outside air, but various adverse effects due to the high temperature outside air are avoided. Can not.

  Accordingly, the present invention relates to a plant cultivation greenhouse (agriculture) in which air inside the house is replaced with outside air by an exhaust fan, and the outside air introduced into the house can be cooled in advance using a simple cooling facility. The purpose is to provide a house.

  The present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the above problems. The present invention is intended for a plant cultivation greenhouse (agricultural house) for cultivating plants, especially in the season with strong sunlight (mainly used in summer, but can also be used in spring and autumn) Suitable for daytime.

[Invention of Claim 1 of the Present Application]
In the plant cultivation greenhouse of the invention of claim 1 of the present application, a breathable insect net is stretched on the side surface of the house body, the upper part of which is covered with a transparent covering material, and the air inside the house body is placed at a suitable position of the house body. An exhaust fan for exhausting the outside of the house is provided, and an external fine air cooling device for finely cooling the air in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface is provided in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface of the house body with the insect nets stretched. The air inside the main body is forcibly exhausted with the exhaust fan, so that the cooled outside air that has been finely cooled by the external fine fog cooling device is introduced into the house body through the insect-proof net.

  The house body is configured by covering the outer upper part of a skeleton body assembled with a pipe material, an angle material or the like with a transparent coating material (vinyl sheet or glass plate).

  On the side of the house body, there is an insect net that allows ventilation and prevents the invasion (passing) of small pests, but recently, to prevent the invasion of micro pests such as Onsitsuna lice and Srips As the insect-proof net, a fine mesh having a mesh space of about 0.3 to 0.4 mm is frequently used. If such a fine insect repellent net is used, the effect is good in terms of insect repellent, but the air permeability is very poor at a normal wind level.

  The air in the house body is forcibly exhausted by the exhaust fan. However, if the house is long, an auxiliary blower fan is installed in the middle of the house length direction so that the air extends over the entire length of the house. Can flow smoothly.

  The external fine air conditioner cools the air in the vicinity of the outside of the side of the house (insect repellent net), but this external fine air conditioner cools water into fine water droplets (fine fog). By spraying in the outside air (high temperature air), the air in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface of the house can be cooled by the heat of vaporization when the fine mist evaporates in the air.

  The plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 1 functions as follows. First, when sunlight is irradiated into the house during the daytime, the air in the house is heated by solar heat, but when the exhaust fan is activated, the air in the house is forcibly exhausted into the outside air. The inside of the house becomes negative pressure, and deficient air (outside air) at that time is sucked into the house from the outside of the house through the insect net on the side of the house. When the above atmospheric pressure difference occurs inside and outside the house, the air will naturally flow from the high pressure side (outside the house) to the low pressure side (even if the net of the insect repellent net is very small (even if it has a poor air permeability in the natural state)). To flow into the house). Further, such an air flow is continuously performed during the operation of the exhaust fan, and the air in the house can be surely replaced even in a windless state.

  By the way, when the external fine mist cooling device is operated, the fine mist is released near the outside of the house side surface (insect repellent net installation part), and the fine mist is evaporated (vaporized) by the heat of the outside air. Air in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface of the house is cooled by the heat of vaporization (below the outside air temperature).

  When the exhaust fan is in operation, outside air is introduced (sucked) into the house through the insect net on the side of the house, but the introduced air is finely cooled by the external fine air cooling device as described above. Therefore, the hot air in the house is replaced with low-temperature air (below the outside air temperature) that has been finely cooled.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1, the inside of the house is heated by solar heat during sunshine, but the inside of the house is kept below the outside temperature only by operating the external fine air-cooling device and the exhaust fan. Can be maintained.

[Invention of claim 2 of the present application]
The invention of claim 2 of the present application is the plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the inside of the house body is partitioned into two upper and lower chambers, an upper chamber on the ceiling side and a lower chamber serving as a cultivation room, by a partition material capable of aerating vertically. The insect net is stretched on the side of the lower chamber, the exhaust fan is installed so as to exhaust the air in the upper chamber to the outside of the house, and an internal fine air cooling device is provided to cool the air in the upper chamber. In addition, the upper chamber can be finely cooled by the internal fine air cooling device, and the air in the upper chamber is forcibly exhausted by the exhaust fan, so that the air in the lower chamber is continuously sucked into the upper chamber. The cooling outside air finely cooled by the external fine air cooling device is introduced through the insect-proof net.

  In the plant cultivation greenhouse according to claim 2, the partition material for partitioning the inside of the house main body into two upper and lower chambers partitions the upper chamber and the lower chamber so as to allow ventilation. When a net having air permeability is used for itself or a non-air-permeable sheet is used, an opening for ventilation may be provided in the sheet within a predetermined area ratio. In addition, since this partition material needs to permeate | transmit sunlight from the upper direction (upper chamber side) to the lower chamber used as a cultivation room, the material with translucency (it may have a certain amount of light-shielding property) is used. Adopted.

  Similarly to the above external fine air cooling device, the internal fine air cooling device that finely cools the upper chamber can cool the air by the heat of vaporization when the atomized fine fog evaporates in the air. However, the fine mist from the internal fine mist cooling device is sprayed into the upper chamber.

  And the plant cultivation greenhouse of Claim 2 of this application functions as follows. First, when sunlight shines into the house during the day, the upper and lower rooms where the sunlight reaches are heated by solar heat, but if the internal fog cooling device is activated, it floats in the upper room. The fine mist that evaporates (vaporizes) with the heat in the upper chamber, and the upper chamber can be finely cooled with the heat of vaporization. Thus, when the air in the upper chamber is cooled by the fine fog cooling, heat conduction from the upper chamber side to the lower chamber (cultivation room) side hardly occurs. In particular, since the air in the upper chamber is exhausted outside the house by the exhaust fan, the air flow in the house is one-way from the lower chamber side to the upper chamber side, and if the air in the upper chamber is overheated Even if this is done, the heated air in the upper chamber will not flow into the lower chamber.

  On the other hand, when the exhaust fan is operated, the air in the upper chamber is forcibly exhausted into the outside air, so that the upper chamber becomes negative pressure, and the insufficient air is sucked from the lower chamber through the ventilation portion of the partition material, Furthermore, when the air in the lower chamber flows into the upper chamber (the lower chamber becomes negative pressure), the deficient air is sucked from outside the house through the insect net on the side of the lower chamber. The outside air introduced (sucked) into the air is cooled in advance by the external fine fog cooling device as described in claim 1 above.

  Therefore, as described above, the air in the upper chamber is cooled by the internal fine air cooling device, so that heat conduction from the upper chamber side to the lower chamber is less likely to occur, and the outside air introduced into the lower chamber is externally fine. By being cooled in advance by the fog cooling device, the temperature in the lower chamber serving as the cultivation room can be maintained in a state lower than the outside air temperature.

[Effect of the invention of claim 1 of the present application]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the invention of claim 1 of the present application has the following effects.

  That is, the plant cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1 is configured such that outside air is introduced into the house through an insect net on the side of the house by discharging the air inside the house to the outside by the exhaust fan. Since the outside air introduced into the inside is cooled from the outside air temperature by the heat of vaporization caused by the fine mist from the external fine mist cooling device, the air in the house can be maintained below the outside air temperature.

  Therefore, the crop cultivation environment due to the high temperature in the house and the work environment of the workers engaged in the work can be improved respectively, so that the house can be cultivated even in the season when the outside air is hot (mainly in summer) and good There is an effect that crops can be grown in the environment.

  In addition, since the external fine fog cooling device used in the plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 1 can cool the outside air with the heat of vaporization of the fine fog, the equipment cost is low and the operation cost is low as the cooling device. There is also an effect that it becomes cheaper.

[Effect of the invention of claim 2 of the present application]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the invention of claim 2 of the present application can finely cool the upper chamber of the house by the above-mentioned internal fine mist cooling device, so that heat conduction from the upper chamber to the lower chamber can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the air in the upper chamber is exhausted outside the house by the exhaust fan, the air flow in the house is one-way from the lower chamber side to the upper chamber side, and if the air in the upper chamber is overheated However, the heated air in the upper chamber does not flow into the lower chamber (the lower chamber does not rise in temperature due to the heated air on the upper chamber side).

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 2, in addition to the effect described in claim 1 by the external fine air cooling device, heat conduction and heating from the upper chamber to the lower chamber by the internal fine air cooling device. Since the inflow of air can be prevented, there is an effect that the temperature rise in the lower chamber serving as the cultivation room can be further suppressed.

It is a perspective view of the plant cultivation greenhouse (house) of the 1st example corresponding to claim 1 of this application. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (II-II sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of the longitudinal direction in the house of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (III-III sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of the width direction in the house of FIG. It is a perspective view of the plant cultivation greenhouse (house) of the 2nd example corresponding to claim 2 of this application. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (VV sectional drawing of FIG. 4) of the longitudinal direction in the house of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (VI-VI cross-sectional view of FIG. 4) of the width direction in the house of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIGS. 1 to 3 show a plant cultivation greenhouse according to the first embodiment corresponding to claim 1 of the present application, and FIGS. Shows a plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment corresponding to claim 2 of the present application. In the following description of each embodiment, the plant cultivation greenhouse of the present application may be simply referred to as a house.

[First Example of FIGS. 1 to 3]
First, the plant cultivation greenhouse (house) according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described. The house according to the first embodiment has a transparent covering material on the outside of the skeleton body assembled with pipe materials, angle materials, and the like. The house body 1 is formed by covering with 2. In each figure, the frame body (pipe material, angle material, etc.) of the house body 1 is not shown.

  Although the size and shape of the house body 1 employed in the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3) are not particularly limited, the house wife surface 12 (and 13) has a width of 6 to 10 m, for example. It has an area of about 4 to 5 m in height and has a front and back length of, for example, a size of about 30 to 50 m.

  The outer surface of the house body 1 uses a transparent sheet for the roof portion 2, and uses breathable insect nets 3, 3 for the left and right side surfaces 11, 11, and the upper portions 12 a, 13 a of the front and rear wife surfaces 12, 13. A transparent sheet is used, and a breathable insect net 3 is used for the lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear end faces 12 and 13, respectively. In this first embodiment, the insect net extending portions of the lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13 are also handled as the air-permeable side surface 11 in the house body 1.

  The lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13 are provided with doorways 15 and 16 (see FIG. 1) that can be opened and closed. In this embodiment, the insect nets 3, 3 of the lower portions 12 b, 13 b of the front and rear end faces 12, 13 are stretched at portions other than the entrances 15, 16. In other embodiments, insect nets may be provided at the entrances 15 and 16 of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13, or the insect nets may not be provided on the entire front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13. It is. In addition, when the width of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13 is large, an insect repellent net may be stretched only on the lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13, and in this case, the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13 are provided. The lower portions 12b and 13b are side surfaces in the claims.

The transparent sheet of the roof portion 2 and the transparent sheets of the upper portions 12a and 13a of the front and rear end faces 12 and 13 are made of a vinyl sheet having a waterproof property to prevent rainwater from transmitting and a light transmitting property to allow sunlight to pass through. Has been.

  In this embodiment, the insect net 3 used on the left and right side surfaces 11 and 11 of the house (and the lower portions 12a and 13a of the front and rear wives surfaces 12 and 13) also prevents the entry of minute pests such as white lice and slips. Therefore, a fine mesh having a mesh space of about 0.3 to 0.4 mm is used. If such a fine insect repellent net 3 is used, the effect is good in terms of insect repellent, but the air permeability is very poor at a normal wind level, but in this application, as will be described later, the exhaust fan 5 By forcibly discharging the air in the house, the outside air can be introduced into the house through the mesh of the insect-proof net 3.

  By the way, the transparent sheet portion (the entire roof portion 2 and the upper portions 12a and 13a of the front and rear wife surfaces) on the outer surface of the house main body 1 has a large sunlight transmittance (L0 in FIGS. 2 and 3), In many cases, the temperature in the house exceeds 40 ° C. during sunshine in summer, resulting in a severe environment.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment, in order to replace the air heated in the house with the outside air, the exhaust fan is placed at an appropriate place of the house body 1 (the upper portion 13a of the rear side face 13 in the illustrated example). 5 and the exhaust fan 5 discharges the air inside the house to the outside of the house, so that the shortage of air inside the house is discharged from the outside of the house on the side surfaces 11, 11 (and 12b, 13b) of the insect nets 3, 3,.・ It is introduced into the house through. The air in the house body 1 is forcibly exhausted into the outside air by the exhaust fan 5 of the rear side face 13. However, if the house is long, the house body 1 is located near the ceiling in the house body 1. By installing the auxiliary blower fans 9A and 9B (see FIG. 2) at appropriate positions in the length direction, air can flow smoothly over the entire length of the house.

  By the way, if the air in the house is forcibly replaced with the exhaust fan 5 in this way, the temperature in the house can be suppressed to the outside air temperature, but the outside air temperature is abnormally high (for example, over 35 ° C.) during summer sunshine. Even if the high temperature outside air is introduced into the house, various adverse effects due to the high temperature outside air are expected to occur.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the present application, the inside of the house is prevented from becoming abnormally high temperature by a simple technique called fine fog cooling. That is, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3), an external fine air conditioner for fine air cooling the outside air at positions near the outside of the house side faces 11, 11 (and 12b, 13b). Equipped with 8.

  The external fine fog cooling device 8 includes a water distribution pipe 80 disposed so as to surround a position near the outside of the side surfaces 11 and 11 (and 12b and 13b) of the house main body 1 on which the insect net 3 is stretched, and the water distribution pipe 80. And a plurality of fine mist jet nozzles 81, 81... Installed at predetermined intervals, and a pump 82 for pumping water to the fine mist jet nozzles 81, 81. In the first embodiment, two sets of external fine air-cooling devices 8 are used on the left and right sides of the house main body 1, but the number of sets of the external fine air-cooling devices 8 can be increased or decreased depending on the scale of the house.

  Each of the fine spray nozzles 81, 81,... Of the external fine fog cooling device 8 has a predetermined length in the length direction of the water distribution pipe 80 at a position near the outside of the side surface 11 (12b, 13b) on which the insect net 3 is stretched. Many are installed at intervals (for example, 50 to 100 cm).

  When the external fine fog cooling devices 8 and 8 operate the pump 82, fine fog F is ejected from the fine fog ejection nozzles 81, 81,... The air in the vicinity of the outside of the house side face 11 (insect repellent net) can be cooled to a temperature lower than the outside air temperature by the heat of vaporization.

  Thus, when the air temperature in the vicinity of the outside of the lower chamber side surface 11 can be lowered by the fine mist from the external fine mist cooling device 8, the air sucked into the house through the insect-proof net 3 as described above. Since the temperature is lower than the outside air temperature, the inside of the house can be maintained below the outside air temperature even during summer sunshine when the outside air temperature is high.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of 1st Example shown in FIGS. 1-3, since the crop cultivation environment by the high temperature in a house, the working environment of the worker engaged in work, etc. can each be improved, external air becomes high temperature. Houses can be cultivated even in the season (mainly in summer), and it has the function of growing crops in a favorable environment.

  Further, the external fine fog cooling device 8 used in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment can cool the outside air by the vaporization heat of the fine fog, so that the equipment cost is reduced and the operation is reduced as the cooling device. It has a function of reducing the cost.

[Second Embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 corresponds to claim 2 of the present application. In the second embodiment, the plant cultivation greenhouse is the one of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3). To which the following configuration is added.

  That is, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6, in addition to that of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3), a partition material 6 that can ventilate the interior of the house body 1 up and down. The upper chamber 21 on the ceiling side and the lower chamber 22 serving as a cultivation room are partitioned into two upper and lower rooms, and the insect net 3 is stretched on the side surface 11 (including 13b) of the lower chamber 22 so that the air in the upper chamber 21 is The exhaust fan 5 exhausts the outside of the house, and an internal fog cooling device 7 that cools the air in the upper chamber 21 is provided.

  The partition material 6 is installed in the entire length in the front-rear direction in the house body 1, and the upper chamber 21 and the lower chamber 22 are partitioned in a state where the entire length of the house body 1 is continuous. Moreover, the installation height of this partition material 6 is the height (for example, about 2 to 2.5 m) which does not interfere with a person's walking and work as the lower room (cultivation room) 22 in the house body 1. ) Is secured at such a high position.

  By the way, in order to cultivate crops in the house, a predetermined amount of solar radiation La (FIGS. 5 and 6) is also required in the lower room (cultivation room) 22, but in the season with strong sunlight such as summer, In order to prevent the temperature in the lower chamber 22 from rising excessively, it is desirable to limit the amount of solar radiation La into the lower chamber 22 to some extent. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the partition material 6 that divides the inside of the house body 1 up and down is used to limit the amount of solar radiation La that the solar radiation L1 irradiated into the upper chamber 21 permeates into the lower chamber 22 side. Like to do.

  As the partition material 6 used in the second embodiment, for example, a light shielding material 61 such as a light shielding net or a translucent light shielding sheet (or a reflection sheet) can be used. Although the suitable light-shielding rate by this division material 6 (light-shielding material 61) can be changed according to the kind of cultivation crop, a house installation environment, etc., the irradiation amount L1 irradiated to the upper surface of the division material 6 from the upper chamber 21 side is, for example A material that can be cut by about 50 to 70% (in other words, can be transmitted by 50 to 30% of the irradiation amount L1) is used (not particularly limited). That is, in FIGS. 5 and 6, the solar radiation amount L1 irradiated onto the partitioning material 6 (light shielding material 61) through the upper chamber 21 is partly shielded (or reflected) by the light shielding material 61, and the remaining amount Lb. Only the solar radiation amount La is transmitted into the lower chamber 22. Accordingly, the irradiation amount irradiated into the lower chamber 22 by part of the irradiation amount L1 transmitted through the covering material 2 etc. and irradiated onto the light shielding material 61 being shielded (or reflected) by the light shielding material 61. Since La can be reduced, an adverse effect (for example, leaf burning) on the crop P in the lower chamber 22 can be prevented, and an effect of increasing the temperature into the lower chamber 22 can be suppressed.

  Further, the partition material 6 is installed in a state where the upper chamber 21 and the lower chamber 22 can be ventilated. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. A gap 62 having a predetermined interval (for example, an interval of about 20 to 40 cm) is provided between the light-shielding materials (light-shielding sheets) 61 and 61 so that air can be passed through the gap 62 portion. In the case where a light shielding net (or punching sheet) is used as the light shielding material 61, the light shielding net 61 (or a hole in the punching sheet) can be vented, so that the gap 62 may not be provided.

  The insect net 3 for introducing outside air into the lower chamber 22 is used for the left and right side surfaces 11 and 11 of the lower chamber 22 and the lower portion 13a of the rear side face 13 in this second embodiment. The insect net 3 used in the second embodiment also has the same function as that of the first embodiment.

  The internal fog cooling device 7 that cools the air in the upper chamber 21 by the internal fog cooling device 7 includes an intake fan 4 that sucks outside air outside the house, and a fine fog jet nozzle 71 that jets the fine fog. , And a pump 72 for pumping water to the fine fog spray nozzle 71.

  The intake fan 4 of the internal fine fog cooling device 7 is provided in an upper portion 12 a (a portion corresponding to the upper chamber 21) in the front side face 12. The outside of the intake fan 4 is covered with a hood 14 installed on the outer surface of the front end face 12. The hood 14 is installed in a height range that reaches the ground surface from a height position that covers the intake fan 4. The upper half 14a of the hood 14 is made of a non-breathable transparent sheet, while the lower half 14b of the hood 14 is narrower than the insect net 3 on the side 11 of the house (a mesh space is provided). Insect nets of 0.3 to 0.4 mm) are used. When the intake fan 4 is operated, 0 is sucked into the hood 14 from the mesh of the lower half of the hood (insect-proof net) 14b, and then passes through the intake fan 4 to indicate the upper chamber 21 as indicated by reference numeral A1. It is blown into the start end portion 21a.

  A plurality of fine mist ejection nozzles 71 of the internal fine mist cooling device 7 are provided at predetermined intervals in the house width direction in the vicinity of the upper and lower intermediate heights in the hood 14 (in the vicinity of the height of the light shielding material 61). Then, the water from the pump 72 is pumped to each of the fine mist jet nozzles 71, 71,..., And the water is discharged from each of the fine mist jet nozzles 71, 71,. It is like that.

  The fine mist F discharged from each fine mist ejection nozzle 71, 71... Is mixed into the air flowing upward in the intake hood 14 to become fine mist mixed air, and the fine mist mixed air becomes the intake fan 4. As shown by the arrow AF (FIG. 5), the air is blown into the start end portion 21a of the upper chamber 21.

  When both the intake fan 4 and the exhaust fan 5 are operated, outside air A0 is sucked into the start end portion 21a of the upper chamber 21 through the hood 14 by the intake fan 4, while the air in the upper chamber 21 is As indicated by an arrow B (FIG. 5), it flows sequentially toward the end portion 21b of the upper chamber 21 and is finally discharged from the exhaust fan 5 into the outside air as indicated by an arrow C.

  In the second embodiment, the fine mist generated by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 is supplied from the front side face 12 to the start end 21a of the upper chamber 21, but in other embodiments The fine mist generated by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 may be jetted to the vicinity of the center in the house length direction, and distributed to the front side and the rear side in the upper chamber 21 to flow.

  By the way, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment, the air in the upper chamber 21 is discharged into the atmosphere by the exhaust fan 5 to make the upper chamber 21 into a negative pressure, and the insufficient air at that time is reduced to the lower chamber 22. The basic structure is that the air is sucked into the house through the portion of the insect repellent net 3 on the side surface 11 of the house. This is achieved by making the exhaust amount in the fan 5 portion larger than the intake amount in the intake fan 4 portion on the front side face 12. That is, in this second embodiment, the output difference between the fans 4 and 5 is not particularly limited, but the intake output of the intake fan 4 is set to about 350 to 400 watts, for example, while the exhaust output of the exhaust fan 5 is Can be set to about 700 to 800 watts, for example.

  The plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment has the following functions in addition to the functions of the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment.

  That is, the upper chamber 21 of the house body 1 is a portion heated to a high temperature by the solar heat L0, but the fine mist F generated by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 at the start end portion 21a in the upper chamber 21. Since the inside of the upper chamber 21 can be cooled by vaporization of fine mist, it is possible to suppress the inside of the upper chamber 21 from being heated to a high temperature by the solar heat L0. As described above, if the temperature increase in the upper chamber 21 can be suppressed by the internal fog cooling device 7, the lower chamber 22 is not easily heated by the temperature of the upper chamber 21, so that it is cultivated even at a high temperature such as summer. The inside of the lower chamber 22 serving as a chamber is not easily heated excessively. Further, the flow of air in the house is one-way from the lower chamber 22 side to the upper chamber 21 side, and even if the air in the upper chamber 21 is excessively heated, the heated air in the upper chamber 21 Does not flow into the lower chamber 22.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment, in addition to the function of the external fine fog cooling device 8 (cooling the outside air introduced into the house), the upper chamber 21 by the internal fine fog cooling device 7 is used. Since the heat conduction to the lower chamber 22 and the inflow of heated air can be prevented, the temperature increase in the lower chamber 22 serving as the cultivation room can be further suppressed.

  1 is a house body, 2 is a covering material, 3 is an insect net, 4 is an intake fan, 5 is an exhaust fan, 6 is a partition material, 7 is an internal fog cooling device, 8 is an external fog cooling device, 11 is a side surface, 12 and 13 are house wife surfaces, 21 is an upper chamber, 22 is a lower chamber, and 71 and 81 are fine fog jet nozzles.

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation greenhouse for cultivating plants such as flowers, fruit vegetables and vegetables. In addition, the plant cultivation greenhouse which is the subject of this application is the one in which the outside of the skeleton assembled with pipe material, angle material, etc. is covered with a transparent coating material (vinyl sheet or glass plate), and is generally an agricultural house. It is called. And in the following description, the plant cultivation greenhouse of this application may be called an agricultural house or a house.

  As a basic agricultural house, the outside of the skeletal body (assembled with pipe material, angle material, etc.) is covered with a transparent covering material (vinyl sheet, glass plate, etc.) while preventing rainwater from entering, Insect insect nets are stretched at the bottom of the sides to ensure air permeability in the house.

  By the way, in the house as described above, it is customary that the inside of the house is heated to a high temperature of 40 ° C. or more due to solar heat through a transparent covering material, especially in the summertime. While adverse effects occur, the working environment of the workers engaged in the work is deteriorated. Therefore, at present, many farmers suspend house cultivation during the hot summer season.

  On the other hand, there are some things that cool the house with a refrigerator at high temperatures in the summer, but in that case, the equipment cost is high and the operation cost (electricity cost) is high, so it is not widely used.

  In recent years, as a facility for cooling the house relatively easily, there is a fine fog cooling facility in which mist-like water droplets (fine mist) are scattered in the house and cooled by the heat of vaporization. This fine fog cooling system is designed to spray fine mist from a number of fine mist jet nozzles scattered throughout the house at regular intervals to cool the inside of the house. When heated by heat, the fine mist is vaporized and the entire area of the house is in an abnormally high humidity state. When the house is in an abnormally high humidity state, crops are sick and the quality is lowered, resulting in a high-humidity working environment that does not allow long working hours.

  By the way, in order to eliminate such a high humidity state, it is necessary to quickly ventilate the house (replacement with outside air), but the high humidity state in the house has been reduced to a level where work can be performed in the house. In order to do this, it takes time to replace the outside air, and since the inside of the house continues to be heated by solar heat that passes through the covering material, the working environment in the house cannot be improved so much.

  Also, conventionally, in order to prevent the inside of the house from becoming too hot, there is also an exhaust fan provided on the wall surface of the house to forcibly replace the hot air in the house with the outside air. During the summer day, the outside air temperature may become abnormally high. Even if the high temperature outside air is introduced into the house, the air inside the house is replaced with the outside air, but various adverse effects due to the high temperature outside air are avoided. Can not.

  Accordingly, the present invention relates to a plant cultivation greenhouse (agriculture) in which air inside the house is replaced with outside air by an exhaust fan, and the outside air introduced into the house can be cooled in advance using a simple cooling facility. The purpose is to provide a house.

  The present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the above problems. The present invention is intended for a plant cultivation greenhouse (agricultural house) for cultivating plants, especially in the season with strong sunlight (mainly used in summer, but can also be used in spring and autumn) Suitable for daytime.

[Invention of Claim 1 of the Present Application]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the invention of claim 1 of the present invention has a breathable insect net on each of the left and right sides facing the length direction of the house body, the upper part of which is covered with a transparent covering material. An exhaust fan for exhausting the air inside the house body to the outside of the house is provided, and water is sprayed into the outside air in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface of the house body where the insect net is stretched. While an external fine air cooling device is provided to finely cool the air by the heat of vaporization when evaporating at the outside , many external fine air cooling devices are installed at predetermined intervals over the extension range of each insect-proof net In addition , the air inside the house body is forcibly exhausted with the exhaust fan, so that the outside air that has been air-cooled with the above external fog cooling device is introduced into the house body through the insect-proof net. Configured to be Than is.

  The house body is configured by covering the outer upper part of a skeleton body assembled with a pipe material, an angle material or the like with a transparent coating material (vinyl sheet or glass plate).

The right and left sides of the house body, the insect net for preventing tolerance to small vermin entering the vent (the passage) respectively is stretched, recently, also penetration of small pests such as whitefly and thrips blocking For this purpose, a fine mesh with a mesh space of about 0.3 to 0.4 mm is frequently used as an insect-proof net. If such a fine insect repellent net is used, the effect is good in terms of insect repellent, but the air permeability is very poor at a normal wind level.

  The air in the house body is forcibly exhausted by the exhaust fan. However, if the house is long, an auxiliary blower fan is installed in the middle of the house length direction so that the air extends over the entire length of the house. Can flow smoothly.

The external fine air conditioner cools the air in the vicinity of the outside of the side of the house (insect repellent net), but this external fine air conditioner cools water into fine water droplets (fine fog). By spraying in the outside air (high temperature air), the air in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface of the house can be cooled by the heat of vaporization when the fine mist evaporates in the air. In this external fine fog cooling device, a wide range of parts surrounding the house main body are provided by installing a number of fine fog ejection nozzles at predetermined intervals over the extension range of each insect repellent net on the left and right sides of the house. It can be air-cooled with fine fog.

  The plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 1 functions as follows. First, when sunlight is irradiated into the house during the daytime, the air in the house is heated by solar heat, but when the exhaust fan is activated, the air in the house is forcibly exhausted into the outside air. The inside of the house becomes negative pressure, and deficient air (outside air) at that time is sucked into the house from the outside of the house through the insect net on the side of the house. When the above atmospheric pressure difference occurs inside and outside the house, the air will naturally flow from the high pressure side (outside the house) to the low pressure side (even if the net of the insect repellent net is very small (even if it has a poor air permeability in the natural state)). To flow into the house). Further, such an air flow is continuously performed during the operation of the exhaust fan, and the air in the house can be surely replaced even in a windless state.

By the way, when the external fine mist cooling device is operated, the fine mist is discharged from each fine mist jet nozzle to a position near the outside of a wide part (insect repellent net extending part) surrounding the house body , and the fine mist is The heat of the outside air evaporates (vaporizes), and the heat of vaporization cools the air in a wide range near the outside of the side surface of the house (below the outside air temperature).

When the exhaust fan is operating, outside air is introduced (sucked) into the house from a wide area surrounding the main body of the house through the insect net on the side of the house. Since it has been finely cooled by the cooling device, the high-temperature air in the house is replaced with low-temperature air (below the outside air temperature) that has been finely cooled.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1, the inside of the house is heated by solar heat during sunshine, but the inside of the house is kept below the outside temperature only by operating the external fine air-cooling device and the exhaust fan. Can be maintained.

[Invention of claim 2 of the present application]
The invention of claim 2 of the present application is the plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the inside of the house body is partitioned into two upper and lower chambers, an upper chamber on the ceiling side and a lower chamber serving as a cultivation room, by a partition material capable of aerating vertically. The insect net is stretched on the side of the lower chamber, the exhaust fan is installed so as to exhaust the air in the upper chamber to the outside of the house, and an internal fine air cooling device is provided to cool the air in the upper chamber. In addition, the upper chamber can be finely cooled by the internal fine air cooling device, and the air in the upper chamber is forcibly exhausted by the exhaust fan, so that the air in the lower chamber is continuously sucked into the upper chamber. The cooling outside air finely cooled by the external fine air cooling device is introduced through the insect-proof net.

  In the plant cultivation greenhouse according to claim 2, the partition material for partitioning the inside of the house main body into two upper and lower chambers partitions the upper chamber and the lower chamber so as to allow ventilation. When a net having air permeability is used for itself or a non-air-permeable sheet is used, an opening for ventilation may be provided in the sheet within a predetermined area ratio. In addition, since this partition material needs to permeate | transmit sunlight from the upper direction (upper chamber side) to the lower chamber used as a cultivation room, the material with translucency (it may have a certain amount of light-shielding property) is used. Adopted.

  Similarly to the above external fine air cooling device, the internal fine air cooling device that finely cools the upper chamber can cool the air by the heat of vaporization when the atomized fine fog evaporates in the air. However, the fine mist from the internal fine mist cooling device is sprayed into the upper chamber.

  And the plant cultivation greenhouse of Claim 2 of this application functions as follows. First, when sunlight shines into the house during the day, the upper and lower rooms where the sunlight reaches are heated by solar heat, but if the internal fog cooling device is activated, it floats in the upper room. The fine mist that evaporates (vaporizes) with the heat in the upper chamber, and the upper chamber can be finely cooled with the heat of vaporization. Thus, when the air in the upper chamber is cooled by the fine fog cooling, heat conduction from the upper chamber side to the lower chamber (cultivation room) side hardly occurs. In particular, since the air in the upper chamber is exhausted outside the house by the exhaust fan, the air flow in the house is one-way from the lower chamber side to the upper chamber side, and if the air in the upper chamber is overheated Even if this is done, the heated air in the upper chamber will not flow into the lower chamber.

  On the other hand, when the exhaust fan is operated, the air in the upper chamber is forcibly exhausted into the outside air, so that the upper chamber becomes negative pressure, and the insufficient air is sucked from the lower chamber through the ventilation portion of the partition material, Furthermore, when the air in the lower chamber flows into the upper chamber (the lower chamber becomes negative pressure), the deficient air is sucked from outside the house through the insect net on the side of the lower chamber. The outside air introduced (sucked) into the air is cooled in advance by the external fine fog cooling device as described in claim 1 above.

  Therefore, as described above, the air in the upper chamber is cooled by the internal fine air cooling device, so that heat conduction from the upper chamber side to the lower chamber is less likely to occur, and the outside air introduced into the lower chamber is externally fine. By being cooled in advance by the fog cooling device, the temperature in the lower chamber serving as the cultivation room can be maintained in a state lower than the outside air temperature.

[Effect of the invention of claim 1 of the present application]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the invention of claim 1 of the present application has the following effects.

  That is, the plant cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1 is configured such that outside air is introduced into the house through an insect net on the side of the house by discharging the air inside the house to the outside by the exhaust fan. Since the outside air introduced into the inside is cooled from the outside air temperature by the heat of vaporization caused by the fine mist from the external fine mist cooling device, the air in the house can be maintained below the outside air temperature.

  Therefore, the crop cultivation environment due to the high temperature in the house and the work environment of the workers engaged in the work can be improved respectively, so that the house can be cultivated even in the season when the outside air is hot (mainly in summer) and good There is an effect that crops can be grown in the environment.

  In addition, since the external fine fog cooling device used in the plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 1 can cool the outside air with the heat of vaporization of the fine fog, the equipment cost is low and the operation cost is low as the cooling device. Also has the effect of being inexpensive.

Furthermore, since the external fine fog cooling device has a large number of fine fog jet nozzles installed at predetermined intervals in the stretched area of the left and right insect repellent nets, a wide area surrounding the house side surface (insect repellent net stretched part) is provided. There is an effect that it can be air-cooled from the place

[Effect of the invention of claim 2 of the present application]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the invention of claim 2 of the present application can finely cool the upper chamber of the house by the above-mentioned internal fine mist cooling device, so that heat conduction from the upper chamber to the lower chamber can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the air in the upper chamber is exhausted outside the house by the exhaust fan, the air flow in the house is one-way from the lower chamber side to the upper chamber side, and if the air in the upper chamber is overheated However, the heated air in the upper chamber does not flow into the lower chamber (the lower chamber does not rise in temperature due to the heated air on the upper chamber side).

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of claim 2, in addition to the effect described in claim 1 by the external fine air cooling device, heat conduction and heating from the upper chamber to the lower chamber by the internal fine air cooling device. Since the inflow of air can be prevented, there is an effect that the temperature rise in the lower chamber serving as the cultivation room can be further suppressed.

It is a perspective view of the plant cultivation greenhouse (house) of the 1st example corresponding to claim 1 of this application. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (II-II sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of the longitudinal direction in the house of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (III-III sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of the width direction in the house of FIG. It is a perspective view of the plant cultivation greenhouse (house) of the 2nd example corresponding to claim 2 of this application. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (VV sectional drawing of FIG. 4) of the longitudinal direction in the house of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (VI-VI cross-sectional view of FIG. 4) of the width direction in the house of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. FIGS. 1 to 3 show a plant cultivation greenhouse according to the first embodiment corresponding to claim 1 of the present application, and FIGS. Shows a plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment corresponding to claim 2 of the present application. In the following description of each embodiment, the plant cultivation greenhouse of the present application may be simply referred to as a house.

[First Example of FIGS. 1 to 3]
First, the plant cultivation greenhouse (house) according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described. The house according to the first embodiment has a transparent covering material on the outside of the skeleton body assembled with pipe materials, angle materials, and the like. The house body 1 is formed by covering with 2. In each figure, the frame body (pipe material, angle material, etc.) of the house body 1 is not shown.

  Although the size and shape of the house body 1 employed in the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3) are not particularly limited, the house wife surface 12 (and 13) has a width of 6 to 10 m, for example. It has an area of about 4 to 5 m in height and has a front and back length of, for example, a size of about 30 to 50 m.

The outer surface of the house body 1 uses a transparent sheet for the roof portion 2, and uses breathable insect nets 3, 3 for the left and right side surfaces 11, 11, and the upper portions 12 a, 13 a of the front and rear wife surfaces 12, 13. A transparent sheet is used, and a breathable insect net 3 is used for the lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear end faces 12 and 13, respectively. In addition, in this 1st Example, the insect net installation part of each lower part 12b, 13b of the front-and-back wife surfaces 12 and 13 can also be handled as the air permeable side surface 11 in the house main body 1. FIG .

  The lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13 are provided with doorways 15 and 16 (see FIG. 1) that can be opened and closed. In this embodiment, the insect nets 3, 3 of the lower portions 12 b, 13 b of the front and rear end faces 12, 13 are stretched at portions other than the entrances 15, 16. In other embodiments, insect nets may be provided at the entrances 15 and 16 of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13, or the insect nets may not be provided on the entire front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13. It is. In addition, in the case where the widths of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13 are large, insect nets may be stretched only on the lower portions 12b and 13b of the front and rear wife surfaces 12 and 13.

The transparent sheet of the roof portion 2 and the transparent sheets of the upper portions 12a and 13a of the front and rear end faces 12 and 13 are made of a vinyl sheet having a waterproof property to prevent rainwater from transmitting and a light transmitting property to allow sunlight to pass through. Has been.

  In this embodiment, the insect net 3 used on the left and right side surfaces 11 and 11 of the house (and the lower portions 12a and 13a of the front and rear wives surfaces 12 and 13) also prevents the entry of minute pests such as white lice and slips. Therefore, a fine mesh having a mesh space of about 0.3 to 0.4 mm is used. If such a fine insect repellent net 3 is used, the effect is good in terms of insect repellent, but the air permeability is very poor at a normal wind level, but in this application, as will be described later, the exhaust fan 5 By forcibly discharging the air in the house, the outside air can be introduced into the house through the mesh of the insect-proof net 3.

  By the way, the transparent sheet portion (the entire roof portion 2 and the upper portions 12a and 13a of the front and rear wife surfaces) on the outer surface of the house main body 1 has a large sunlight transmittance (L0 in FIGS. 2 and 3), In many cases, the temperature in the house exceeds 40 ° C. during sunshine in summer, resulting in a severe environment.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment, in order to replace the air heated in the house with the outside air, the exhaust fan is placed at an appropriate place of the house body 1 (the upper portion 13a of the rear side face 13 in the illustrated example). 5 and the exhaust fan 5 discharges the air inside the house to the outside of the house, so that the shortage of air inside the house is discharged from the outside of the house on the side surfaces 11, 11 (and 12b, 13b) of the insect nets 3, 3,.・ It is introduced into the house through. The air in the house body 1 is forcibly exhausted into the outside air by the exhaust fan 5 of the rear side face 13. However, if the house is long, the house body 1 is located near the ceiling in the house body 1. By installing the auxiliary blower fans 9A and 9B (see FIG. 2) at appropriate positions in the length direction, air can flow smoothly over the entire length of the house.

  By the way, if the air in the house is forcibly replaced with the exhaust fan 5 in this way, the temperature in the house can be suppressed to the outside air temperature, but the outside air temperature is abnormally high (for example, over 35 ° C.) during summer sunshine. Even if the high temperature outside air is introduced into the house, various adverse effects due to the high temperature outside air are expected to occur.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the present application, the inside of the house is prevented from becoming abnormally high temperature by a simple technique called fine fog cooling. That is, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3), an external fine air conditioner for fine air cooling the outside air at positions near the outside of the house side faces 11, 11 (and 12b, 13b). Equipped with 8.

The external fine fog cooling device 8 includes a water distribution pipe 80 disposed so as to surround a position near the outside of each of the left and right side surfaces 11 and 11 (and 12b and 13b) on which the insect net 3 is stretched in the house body 1, and the distribution pipe. A number of fine mist jet nozzles 81, 81... Installed in the water pipe 80 at a predetermined interval, and a pump 82 that pumps water through the water distribution pipe 80 to the fine mist jet nozzles 81, 81. In the first embodiment, two sets of external fine air-cooling devices 8 are used on the left and right sides of the house main body 1, but the number of sets of the external fine air-cooling devices 8 can be increased or decreased depending on the scale of the house.

  Each of the fine spray nozzles 81, 81,... Of the external fine fog cooling device 8 has a predetermined length in the length direction of the water distribution pipe 80 at a position near the outside of the side surface 11 (12b, 13b) on which the insect net 3 is stretched. Many are installed at intervals (for example, 50 to 100 cm).

  When the external fine fog cooling devices 8 and 8 operate the pump 82, fine fog F is ejected from the fine fog ejection nozzles 81, 81,... The air in the vicinity of the outside of the house side face 11 (insect repellent net) can be cooled to a temperature lower than the outside air temperature by the heat of vaporization.

  Thus, when the air temperature in the vicinity of the outside of the lower chamber side surface 11 can be lowered by the fine mist from the external fine mist cooling device 8, the air sucked into the house through the insect-proof net 3 as described above. Since the temperature is lower than the outside air temperature, the inside of the house can be maintained below the outside air temperature even during summer sunshine when the outside air temperature is high.

Further, the external fine fog cooling device 8 has a large number of the fine fog jet nozzles 81, 81,... Installed at predetermined positions in the vicinity of the outside of the insect net extending portion of the house main body 1. Fine fog cooling from a wide range of surrounding areas.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of 1st Example shown in FIGS. 1-3, since the crop cultivation environment by the high temperature in a house, the working environment of the worker engaged in work, etc. can each be improved, external air becomes high temperature. Houses can be cultivated even in the season (mainly in summer), and it has the function of growing crops in a favorable environment.

  Further, the external fine fog cooling device 8 used in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment can cool the outside air by the vaporization heat of the fine fog, so that the equipment cost is reduced and the operation is reduced as the cooling device. It has a function of reducing the cost.

[Second Embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6]
The plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 corresponds to claim 2 of the present application. In the second embodiment, the plant cultivation greenhouse is the one of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3). To which the following configuration is added.

  That is, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 6, in addition to that of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 3), a partition material 6 that can ventilate the interior of the house body 1 up and down. The upper chamber 21 on the ceiling side and the lower chamber 22 serving as a cultivation room are partitioned into two upper and lower rooms, and the insect net 3 is stretched on the side surface 11 (including 13b) of the lower chamber 22 so that the air in the upper chamber 21 is The exhaust fan 5 exhausts the outside of the house, and an internal fog cooling device 7 that cools the air in the upper chamber 21 is provided.

  The partition material 6 is installed in the entire length in the front-rear direction in the house body 1, and the upper chamber 21 and the lower chamber 22 are partitioned in a state where the entire length of the house body 1 is continuous. Moreover, the installation height of this partition material 6 is the height (for example, about 2 to 2.5 m) which does not interfere with a person's walking and work as the lower room (cultivation room) 22 in the house body 1. ) Is secured at such a high position.

  By the way, in order to cultivate crops in the house, a predetermined amount of solar radiation La (FIGS. 5 and 6) is also required in the lower room (cultivation room) 22, but in the season with strong sunlight such as summer, In order to prevent the temperature in the lower chamber 22 from rising excessively, it is desirable to limit the amount of solar radiation La into the lower chamber 22 to some extent. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the partition material 6 that divides the inside of the house body 1 up and down is used to limit the amount of solar radiation La that the solar radiation L1 irradiated into the upper chamber 21 permeates into the lower chamber 22 side. Like to do.

  As the partition material 6 used in the second embodiment, for example, a light shielding material 61 such as a light shielding net or a translucent light shielding sheet (or a reflection sheet) can be used. Although the suitable light-shielding rate by this division material 6 (light-shielding material 61) can be changed according to the kind of cultivation crop, a house installation environment, etc., the irradiation amount L1 irradiated to the upper surface of the division material 6 from the upper chamber 21 side is, for example A material that can be cut by about 50 to 70% (in other words, can be transmitted by 50 to 30% of the irradiation amount L1) is used (not particularly limited). That is, in FIGS. 5 and 6, the solar radiation amount L1 irradiated onto the partitioning material 6 (light shielding material 61) through the upper chamber 21 is partly shielded (or reflected) by the light shielding material 61, and the remaining amount Lb. Only the solar radiation amount La is transmitted into the lower chamber 22. Accordingly, the irradiation amount irradiated into the lower chamber 22 by part of the irradiation amount L1 transmitted through the covering material 2 etc. and irradiated onto the light shielding material 61 being shielded (or reflected) by the light shielding material 61. Since La can be reduced, an adverse effect (for example, leaf burning) on the crop P in the lower chamber 22 can be prevented, and an effect of increasing the temperature into the lower chamber 22 can be suppressed.

  Further, the partition material 6 is installed in a state where the upper chamber 21 and the lower chamber 22 can be ventilated. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. A gap 62 having a predetermined interval (for example, an interval of about 20 to 40 cm) is provided between the light-shielding materials (light-shielding sheets) 61 and 61 so that air can be passed through the gap 62 portion. In the case where a light shielding net (or punching sheet) is used as the light shielding material 61, the light shielding net 61 (or a hole in the punching sheet) can be vented, so that the gap 62 may not be provided.

  The insect net 3 for introducing outside air into the lower chamber 22 is used for the left and right side surfaces 11 and 11 of the lower chamber 22 and the lower portion 13a of the rear side face 13 in this second embodiment. The insect net 3 used in the second embodiment also has the same function as that of the first embodiment.

The air in the upper chamber 21 is finely cooled by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 , and this internal fine frost cooling device 7 includes an intake fan 4 for sucking outside air outside the house, and a fine mist jet for jetting fine mist. It has a nozzle 71 and a pump 72 that pumps water to the fine mist jet nozzle 71.

  The intake fan 4 of the internal fine fog cooling device 7 is provided in an upper portion 12 a (a portion corresponding to the upper chamber 21) in the front side face 12. The outside of the intake fan 4 is covered with a hood 14 installed on the outer surface of the front end face 12. The hood 14 is installed in a height range that reaches the ground surface from a height position that covers the intake fan 4. The upper half 14a of the hood 14 is made of a non-breathable transparent sheet, while the lower half 14b of the hood 14 is narrower than the insect net 3 on the side 11 of the house (a mesh space is provided). Insect nets of 0.3 to 0.4 mm) are used. When the intake fan 4 is operated, 0 is sucked into the hood 14 from the mesh of the lower half of the hood (insect-proof net) 14b, and then passes through the intake fan 4 to indicate the upper chamber 21 as indicated by reference numeral A1. It is blown into the start end portion 21a.

  A plurality of fine mist ejection nozzles 71 of the internal fine mist cooling device 7 are provided at predetermined intervals in the house width direction in the vicinity of the upper and lower intermediate heights in the hood 14 (in the vicinity of the height of the light shielding material 61). Then, the water from the pump 72 is pumped to each of the fine mist jet nozzles 71, 71,..., And the water is discharged from each of the fine mist jet nozzles 71, 71,. It is like that.

  The fine mist F discharged from each fine mist ejection nozzle 71, 71... Is mixed into the air flowing upward in the intake hood 14 to become fine mist mixed air, and the fine mist mixed air becomes the intake fan 4. As shown by the arrow AF (FIG. 5), the air is blown into the start end portion 21a of the upper chamber 21.

  When both the intake fan 4 and the exhaust fan 5 are operated, outside air A0 is sucked into the start end portion 21a of the upper chamber 21 through the hood 14 by the intake fan 4, while the air in the upper chamber 21 is As indicated by an arrow B (FIG. 5), it flows sequentially toward the end portion 21b of the upper chamber 21 and is finally discharged from the exhaust fan 5 into the outside air as indicated by an arrow C.

  In the second embodiment, the fine mist generated by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 is supplied from the front side face 12 to the start end 21a of the upper chamber 21, but in other embodiments The fine mist generated by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 may be jetted to the vicinity of the center in the house length direction, and distributed to the front side and the rear side in the upper chamber 21 to flow.

  By the way, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment, the air in the upper chamber 21 is discharged into the atmosphere by the exhaust fan 5 to make the upper chamber 21 into a negative pressure, and the insufficient air at that time is reduced to the lower chamber 22. The basic structure is that the air is sucked into the house through the portion of the insect repellent net 3 on the side surface 11 of the house. This is achieved by making the exhaust amount in the fan 5 portion larger than the intake amount in the intake fan 4 portion on the front side face 12. That is, in this second embodiment, the output difference between the fans 4 and 5 is not particularly limited, but the intake output of the intake fan 4 is set to about 350 to 400 watts, for example, while the exhaust output of the exhaust fan 5 is Can be set to about 700 to 800 watts, for example.

  The plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment has the following functions in addition to the functions of the plant cultivation greenhouse of the first embodiment.

  That is, the upper chamber 21 of the house body 1 is a portion heated to a high temperature by the solar heat L0, but the fine mist F generated by the internal fine mist cooling device 7 at the start end portion 21a in the upper chamber 21. Since the inside of the upper chamber 21 can be cooled by vaporization of fine mist, it is possible to suppress the inside of the upper chamber 21 from being heated to a high temperature by the solar heat L0. As described above, if the temperature increase in the upper chamber 21 can be suppressed by the internal fog cooling device 7, the lower chamber 22 is not easily heated by the temperature of the upper chamber 21, so that it is cultivated even at a high temperature such as summer. The inside of the lower chamber 22 serving as a chamber is not easily heated excessively. Further, the flow of air in the house is one-way from the lower chamber 22 side to the upper chamber 21 side, and even if the air in the upper chamber 21 is excessively heated, the heated air in the upper chamber 21 Does not flow into the lower chamber 22.

  Therefore, in the plant cultivation greenhouse of the second embodiment, in addition to the function of the external fine fog cooling device 8 (cooling the outside air introduced into the house), the upper chamber 21 by the internal fine fog cooling device 7 is used. Since the heat conduction to the lower chamber 22 and the inflow of heated air can be prevented, the temperature increase in the lower chamber 22 serving as the cultivation room can be further suppressed.

  1 is a house body, 2 is a covering material, 3 is an insect net, 4 is an intake fan, 5 is an exhaust fan, 6 is a partition material, 7 is an internal fog cooling device, 8 is an external fog cooling device, 11 is a side surface, 12 and 13 are house wife surfaces, 21 is an upper chamber, 22 is a lower chamber, and 71 and 81 are fine fog jet nozzles.

Claims (2)

A breathable insect net (3) is stretched on the side surface (11) of the house main body (1) formed by covering the upper part with a transparent covering material (2),
An exhaust fan (5) for discharging the air in the house body (1) to the outside of the house is provided at a proper position of the house body (1),
External fine air conditioner (8) for finely air-cooling the air in the vicinity of the outside of the side surface (11) at a position near the outside of the side surface (11) of the house body (1) with the insect repellent net (3) stretched. As well as
By forcibly exhausting the air in the house main body (1) with the exhaust fan (5), the outside air cooled by the external fine air cooling device (8) in the house main body (1) is cooled. It is configured to be introduced through the insect repellent net (3),
Plant cultivation greenhouse characterized by that. In claim 1,
The above-mentioned house body (1) is partitioned into two upper and lower chambers, a ceiling-side upper chamber (21) and a lower chamber (22) serving as a cultivation room, by a partition material (6) capable of aerating vertically.
The insect net (3) is provided on the side surface (11) of the lower chamber (22),
The exhaust fan (5) is installed so as to exhaust the air in the upper chamber (21) to the outside of the house,
An internal fine air cooling device (7) for finely cooling the air in the upper chamber (21) is provided so that the inside of the upper chamber (21) can be finely air-cooled by the internal fine air cooling device (7). As well as
By forcibly exhausting the air in the upper chamber (21) by the exhaust fan (5), the air in the lower chamber (22) is sucked into the upper chamber (21) and then the lower chamber (22). ) Is configured such that the cooled outside air finely cooled by the external fine air cooling device (8) is introduced through the insect net (3).
Plant cultivation greenhouse characterized by that.

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