JP2017182982A - Method of manufacturing lithium ion secondary battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery in which metal ions are suppressed from being dissolved and precipitated.SOLUTION: In a method of manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery, a liquid pouring port 13 is sealed, and a negative electrode external terminal 1' is connected to the outer wall of a battery container 5 using a conducting wire when three hours have elapsed after the completion of liquid pouring. On this occasion, a negative electrode external terminal 1' side is fastened with bolts, and an outer wall side of the battery container 5 is mounted with a tape. An initial charge/discharge cycle is performed while the negative electrode external terminal and the outer wall are connected in this way.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a method for producing a lithium ion secondary battery.

  Lithium ion batteries are secondary batteries with high energy density, and are used as power sources for portable devices such as notebook computers and mobile phones, taking advantage of their characteristics. There are various types of lithium ion batteries. Cylindrical lithium ion batteries adopt a wound structure of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. For example, a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material are respectively applied to two strip-shaped metal foils, a separator is sandwiched therebetween, and these laminated bodies are wound in a spiral shape to form a wound group. The wound group is accommodated in a cylindrical battery can serving as a battery container, and after injecting an electrolytic solution, the cylindrical lithium ion battery is formed.

  However, a polyolefin-based separator suitably used for a lithium secondary battery has a limit in strength due to the characteristics of the resin material. For example, if an unexpected foreign object enters between the positive and negative electrodes and the separator during battery manufacture, the positive and negative electrodes repeatedly expand and contract as the battery is charged and discharged. The separator is gradually broken by the stacking pressure or the winding pressure, and eventually a hole that reaches the counter electrode may be formed. In particular, when the foreign matter is a metal or a positive and negative electrode constituent material having a large particle size, the foreign matter has conductivity, causing an internal short circuit of the battery and abnormally lowering the battery voltage.

Japanese Patent No. 3541723

  However, the battery having the battery structure of Patent Document 1 is not sufficient to suppress the dissolution and precipitation of metal ions when the initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed. When the initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed, copper is precipitated in the electrolytic solution by an oxidation reaction. Thereafter, iron is eluted by an oxidation-reduction reaction between copper and iron which is a component of the battery container. Thereafter, there is a problem that iron is deposited on the separator due to a reduction reaction at the negative electrode. In the above-described battery, a minute amount of metal ions is deposited, thereby reducing the capacity of the battery and reducing the lifetime. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure reliability over many years. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress metal foreign matters from the inside of the battery.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a lithium secondary battery that suppresses dissolution and precipitation of metal ions when an initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed.

  A lithium ion battery produced according to the present invention is a winding in which a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material is held in a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode in which the negative electrode current material is held in a negative electrode current collector are wound through a separator. A mold type electrode group is housed in a battery can made of a material containing iron. The positive electrode external terminal that is electrically connected to the positive electrode and disposed outside the battery can and the negative electrode external terminal that is electrically connected to the negative electrode and disposed outside the battery can are electrically connected to the battery can via an electrically insulating material. The electrolyte solution is injected into the battery can.

  In the present invention, the initialization charge / discharge cycle is carried out in a state where the battery can and the negative electrode external terminal are connected by a conductive wire. According to the inventor's research, iron in the battery can dissolves and precipitates on the separator as ions move in the initialization charge / discharge cycle, and an internal short circuit occurs when the precipitate grows by subsequent charge / discharge. I found out. Therefore, the inventor conducted an initialization charge / discharge cycle in a state where the battery can and the negative electrode external terminal were connected by a conductive wire (with the battery can and the negative electrode at the same potential). Although it has not been elucidated, it has been confirmed that a phenomenon in which the number of precipitates deposited on the separator is reduced can be obtained. The present invention is based on this confirmation. As an inventor, according to the present invention, the oxidation reaction of the metal contained in the negative electrode current collector is moderated, and the phenomenon that iron is deposited on the separator by the reduction reaction at the negative electrode may be suppressed. thinking.

  The aging is performed after the initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed, but the conductor may be removed after the initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed or after the aging is performed. No difference was observed in the amount of precipitates, regardless of whether the conductor was removed before or after aging.

  In particular, it has been confirmed that a large amount of the deposit appears when the negative electrode current collector is formed of a material containing copper. This is because copper contained in the negative electrode current collector is also easily dissolved during the initialization charge / discharge cycle. By connecting the conductive wire, the voltage of the negative electrode is set to 0 ± 0.3 V, so that the oxidation reaction of copper contained in the negative electrode is moderated. By relieving the dissolution of copper in the electrolyte solution by the oxidation reaction, it is possible to relieve the elution of iron by the oxidation-reduction reaction between copper and iron, which is a component of the battery container, and the iron is separated by the reduction reaction at the negative electrode. It is considered that the precipitation on the surface is moderated. In other words, when copper is included in the negative electrode current collector, the present invention suppresses the precipitation of copper contained in the negative electrode into the electrolyte.

  The material containing iron used for forming the battery can is preferably a stainless material. When stainless steel is used, the life of the battery can can be extended.

  The initialization charge / discharge cycle is preferably performed a plurality of times, with constant current / constant voltage charge, rest, and constant current discharge as one cycle. According to the present invention, it has been confirmed that there is an effect even when a plurality of charge / discharge cycles are performed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, melt | dissolution of the metal contained in a negative electrode electrical power collector can be suppressed, and it can suppress that iron precipitates on a separator by the reduction reaction in a negative electrode.

It is sectional drawing of the lithium ion battery of this Embodiment.

  In the following embodiments, when ranges are shown as A to B, A or more and B or less are shown unless otherwise specified.

(Embodiment)
First, an outline of the lithium ion battery will be briefly described. The lithium ion battery has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolytic solution in a battery container. A separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

  When charging the lithium ion battery, a charger is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. At the time of charging, lithium ions inserted into the positive electrode active material are desorbed and released into the electrolytic solution. The lithium ions released into the electrolytic solution move in the electrolytic solution, pass through a separator made of a microporous film, and reach the negative electrode. The lithium ions that have reached the negative electrode are inserted into the negative electrode active material constituting the negative electrode.

  When discharging, an external load is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. At the time of discharging, the lithium ions inserted into the negative electrode active material are desorbed and released into the electrolytic solution. At this time, electrons are emitted from the negative electrode. Then, the lithium ions released into the electrolytic solution move in the electrolytic solution, pass through a separator made of a microporous film, and reach the positive electrode. The lithium ions reaching the positive electrode are inserted into the positive electrode active material constituting the positive electrode. At this time, when lithium ions are inserted into the positive electrode active material, electrons flow into the positive electrode. In this way, discharge is performed by the movement of electrons from the negative electrode to the positive electrode.

  In this manner, charging / discharging can be performed by inserting and desorbing lithium ions between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material. A configuration example of an actual lithium ion battery will be described later (see, for example, FIG. 1).

1. Positive electrode In this embodiment mode, the positive electrode shown below is applicable to a high-capacity, high-input / output lithium ion battery. The positive electrode (positive electrode plate) of the present embodiment is composed of a current collector and a positive electrode mixture (positive electrode mixture) formed thereon. The positive electrode mixture is a layer including at least a positive electrode active material provided on the current collector. In the present embodiment, the layered lithium / nickel / manganese / cobalt composite oxide (NMC) and the spinel type lithium are used. -It contains a mixed active material with manganese oxide (spinel type lithium-manganese composite oxide, sp-Mn). The positive electrode mixture is formed (applied) on both surfaces of the current collector, for example.

  Hereinafter, the positive electrode mixture and the current collector will be described in detail. The positive electrode mixture contains a positive electrode active material, a binder, and the like, and is formed on the current collector. Although there is no restriction | limiting in the formation method, it forms as follows, for example. A positive electrode active material, a binder, and other materials such as a conductive material and a thickener used as needed are mixed in a dry form to form a sheet, which is pressure-bonded to a current collector (dry method). In addition, a positive electrode active material, a binder, and other materials such as a conductive material and a thickener used as necessary are dissolved or dispersed in a dispersion solvent to form a slurry, which is applied to a current collector and dried. (Wet method).

  As described above, layered lithium / nickel / manganese / cobalt composite oxide (NMC) and spinel lithium / manganese oxide (sp-Mn) are used as the positive electrode active material. These are used in powder form (granular) and mixed.

  A substance having a composition different from that of the substance constituting the main cathode active material may be adhered to the surface of the cathode active material. Surface adhesion substances include aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, boron oxide, antimony oxide, bismuth oxide, lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid Examples thereof include sulfates such as calcium and aluminum sulfate, carbonates such as lithium carbonate, calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, and carbon.

  There are the following methods for attaching the surface adhering substance. For example, the surface active substance is impregnated and added to the positive electrode active material by adding the positive electrode active material to a liquid in which the surface adhesive substance is dissolved or suspended in a solvent. Thereafter, the positive electrode active material impregnated with the surface adhering substance is dried. In addition, the positive electrode active material is added to a liquid obtained by dissolving or suspending the precursor of the surface adhesion material in a solvent, so that the precursor of the surface adhesion material is impregnated and added to the positive electrode active material. Thereafter, the positive electrode active material impregnated with the precursor of the surface adhering material is heated. Further, a liquid obtained by dissolving or suspending the precursor of the surface adhesion substance and the precursor of the positive electrode active material in a solvent is baked. By these methods, the surface adhering substance can be attached to the surface of the positive electrode active material.

  Examples of the conductive material for the positive electrode include metal materials such as copper and nickel; graphite such as natural graphite and artificial graphite (graphite); carbon black such as acetylene black; and carbonaceous materials such as amorphous carbon such as needle coke. Is mentioned. Of these, one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.

  Regarding the content (addition amount, ratio, amount) of the conductive material, the range of the content of the conductive material relative to the weight of the positive electrode mixture is as follows. The lower limit of the range is 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 1% by weight or more, and the upper limit is 50% by weight or less, preferably 30% by weight or less, more preferably 15%. % By weight or less. If it is less than the above lower limit, the conductivity may be insufficient. Moreover, when the said upper limit is exceeded, there exists a possibility that battery capacity may fall.

  The binder for the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited, and when the positive electrode mixture is formed by a coating method, a material having good solubility and dispersibility in the dispersion solvent is selected.

  Regarding the content (addition amount, ratio, amount) of the binder, the range of the content of the binder relative to the weight of the positive electrode mixture is as follows. The lower limit of the range is 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 1% by weight or more, more preferably 3% by weight or more, and the upper limit is 80% by weight or less, preferably 60% by weight or less, more preferably 40% by weight. Hereinafter, it is particularly preferably 10% by weight or less. If the content of the binder is too low, the positive electrode active material cannot be sufficiently bound, the positive electrode has insufficient mechanical strength, and battery performance such as cycle characteristics may be deteriorated. On the other hand, if it is too high, battery capacity and conductivity may be reduced.

  In order to improve the packing density of the positive electrode active material, the layer formed on the current collector using the wet method or the dry method is preferably consolidated by a hand press, a roller press, or the like.

  The material of the current collector for the positive electrode is not particularly limited, and specific examples include metal materials such as aluminum, stainless steel, nickel plating, titanium, and tantalum; and carbonaceous materials such as carbon cloth and carbon paper. Of these, metal materials, particularly aluminum, are preferred.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a shape of an electrical power collector, The material processed into various shapes can be used. Specific examples of the metal material include a metal foil, a metal plate, and a metal thin film. Examples of the carbonaceous material include a carbon plate, a carbon thin film, and a carbon cylinder. Among these, it is preferable to use a metal thin film. In addition, you may form a thin film suitably in mesh shape. The thickness of the thin film is arbitrary, but the range is as follows. The lower limit of the range is 1 μm or more, preferably 3 μm or more, more preferably 5 μm or more, and the upper limit is 1 mm or less, preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less. If it is less than the said minimum, intensity | strength required as a collector may be insufficient. Moreover, when the said upper limit is exceeded, flexibility will fall and workability may deteriorate.

2. Negative electrode In this embodiment, the negative electrode shown below is applicable to a high-capacity, high-input / output lithium-ion battery. The negative electrode (negative electrode plate) of the present embodiment is composed of a current collector and a negative electrode mixture (negative electrode mixture) formed on both surfaces thereof. The negative electrode mixture contains a negative electrode active material that can electrochemically occlude and release lithium ions.

  Examples of the negative electrode active material include carbonaceous materials, metal oxides such as tin oxide and silicon oxide, metal composite oxides, lithium alloys such as lithium alone and lithium aluminum alloys, metals that can form alloys with lithium such as Sn and Si, and the like Is mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, a carbonaceous material or a lithium composite oxide is preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

  The metal composite oxide is not particularly limited as long as it can occlude and release lithium, but Ti (titanium), Li (lithium) or a material containing both Ti and Li has a high current density charge / discharge. It is preferable from the viewpoint of characteristics.

  Carbonaceous materials include amorphous carbon, natural graphite, composite carbonaceous materials in which a film formed by dry CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method or wet spray method is formed on natural graphite, resins such as epoxy and phenol Carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite and amorphous carbon material obtained by firing using raw materials or pitch materials obtained from petroleum or coal as raw materials can be used.

  In addition, lithium metal that can occlude and release lithium by forming a compound with lithium, and oxidation of Group 4 elements such as silicon, germanium, and tin that can occlude and release lithium by forming a compound with lithium and inserting it into the crystal gap Or nitride may be used.

  In particular, the carbonaceous material is a material having high conductivity, and excellent in terms of low temperature characteristics and cycle stability. Among the carbonaceous materials, a material having a wide carbon network surface layer (d002) is excellent in rapid charge / discharge and low-temperature characteristics, and is preferable. However, a material having a wide carbon network surface layer (d002) may have a low capacity and charge / discharge efficiency in the initial stage of charging, and therefore it is preferable to select a material having a carbon network surface layer (d002) of 0.39 nm or less. . Such a carbonaceous material is sometimes referred to as pseudo-anisotropic carbon.

  The negative electrode mixture is formed on the current collector. Although there is no restriction | limiting in the formation method, it forms using a dry method and a wet method similarly to a positive electrode compound material. The negative electrode active material is used in the form of powder (granular).

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a material of the electrical power collector for negative electrodes, As a specific example, metal materials, such as copper, nickel, stainless steel, nickel plating steel, are mentioned. Among these, copper is preferable from the viewpoint of ease of processing and cost.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a shape of an electrical power collector, The material processed into various shapes can be used. Specific examples include metal foil and metal thin film. Among these, a metal thin film is preferable, and a copper foil is more preferable. The copper foil includes a rolled copper foil formed by a rolling method and an electrolytic copper foil formed by an electrolytic method, both of which are suitable for use as a current collector.

  The thickness of the current collector is not limited, but when the thickness is less than 25 μm, its strength can be increased by using a strong copper alloy (phosphor bronze, titanium copper, Corson alloy, Cu—Cr—Zr alloy, etc.) rather than pure copper. Can be improved.

  The binder for the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that is stable to the non-aqueous electrolyte and the dispersion solvent used when forming the electrode. Specifically, resin-based polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, aromatic polyamide, cellulose, nitrocellulose; SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber), isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, NBR ( Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As the dispersion solvent for forming the slurry, any type of solvent can be used as long as it can dissolve or disperse the negative electrode active material, the binder, and the conductive material and the thickener used as necessary. There is no restriction, and either an aqueous solvent or an organic solvent may be used. Examples of the aqueous solvent include water, a mixed solvent of alcohol and water, and examples of the organic solvent include N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran (THF). ), Toluene, acetone, diethyl ether, and the like. In particular, when an aqueous solvent is used, it is preferable to use a thickener. A dispersing agent or the like is added to the thickener, and a slurry such as SBR is made into a slurry. In addition, the said dispersion solvent may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

  Regarding the content (addition amount, ratio, amount) of the binder, the range of the content of the binder with respect to the weight of the negative electrode mixture is as follows. The lower limit of the range is preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more, and further preferably 0.6% by weight or more. The upper limit is 20% by weight or less, preferably 15% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less, and still more preferably 8% by weight or less.

  When the upper limit is exceeded, the proportion of the binder that does not contribute to the battery capacity increases, which may lead to a decrease in battery capacity. Moreover, if it is less than the said minimum, there exists a possibility of causing the fall of the intensity | strength of negative electrode compound material.

  In particular, the range of the binder content with respect to the weight of the negative electrode mixture when a rubbery polymer typified by SBR is used as the main component as the binder is as follows. The lower limit of the range is 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, more preferably 0.6% by weight or more, and the upper limit is 5% by weight or less, preferably 3% by weight or less, more preferably. Is 2% by weight or less.

  In addition, the range of the binder content relative to the weight of the negative electrode mixture when a fluorine-based polymer typified by polyvinylidene fluoride is used as the main component as the binder is as follows. The lower limit of the range is 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more, more preferably 3% by weight or more, and the upper limit is 15% by weight or less, preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 8% by weight or less. is there.

  The thickener is used to adjust the viscosity of the slurry. The thickener is not particularly limited, and specific examples include carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, oxidized starch, phosphorylated starch, casein, and salts thereof. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The range of the content of the thickener relative to the weight of the negative electrode mixture when the thickener is used is as follows. The lower limit of the range is 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, more preferably 0.6% by weight or more, and the upper limit is 5% by weight or less, preferably 3% by weight or less, more preferably. Is 2% by weight or less.

  If it is less than the said minimum, there exists a possibility that the applicability | paintability of a slurry may fall. On the other hand, when the above upper limit is exceeded, the ratio of the negative electrode active material to the negative electrode mixture decreases, and there is a risk of a decrease in battery capacity and an increase in resistance between the negative electrode active materials.

3. Electrolytic Solution The electrolytic solution of the present embodiment is composed of a lithium salt (electrolyte) and a non-aqueous solvent that dissolves the lithium salt. You may add an additive as needed.

  The lithium salt is not particularly limited as long as it is a lithium salt that can be used as an electrolyte of a non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium ion battery. For example, the following inorganic lithium salts, fluorine-containing organic lithium salts, oxalate borate salts, etc. Is mentioned.

Examples of the inorganic lithium _{salt, LiPF 6, LiBF 4, LiAsF} 6, LiSbF inorganic fluoride salts and the like _6, LiClO _4, Libro _4, LiIO and perhalogenate such as _4, an inorganic chloride salts such as LiAlCl _4, etc. Is mentioned.

Examples of the fluorine-containing organic lithium salt include perfluoroalkane sulfonates such as LiCF ₃ SO ₃ ; LiN (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ , LiN (CF ₃ CF ₂ SO ₂ ) ₂ , LiN (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) (C Perfluoroalkanesulfonylimide salts such as ₄ F ₉ SO ₉ ); perfluoroalkanesulfonylmethide salts such as LiC (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₃ ; Li [PF ₅ (CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ )], Li [PF ₄ (CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ ) ₂ ], Li [PF ₃ (CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ ) ₃ ], Li [PF ₅ (CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₂ CF ₃ )], etc. Examples include acid salts.

  Examples of the oxalatoborate salt include lithium bis (oxalato) borate and lithium difluorooxalatoborate.

These lithium salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) is preferable when comprehensively judging the solubility in a solvent, charge / discharge characteristics in the case of a secondary battery, output characteristics, cycle characteristics, and the like.

A preferable example in the case of using two or more lithium salts is the combined use of LiPF ₆ and LiBF ₄ . In this case, the proportion of LiBF _{4 in} the total of both is preferably 0.01% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less. . Another preferred example is the combined use of an inorganic fluoride salt and a perfluoroalkanesulfonylimide salt. In this case, the proportion of the inorganic fluoride salt in the total of both is 70% by weight or more and 99% by weight. % Or less, more preferably 80% by weight or more and 98% by weight or less. According to the above two preferred examples, characteristic deterioration due to high temperature storage can be suppressed.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the density | concentration of the electrolyte in nonaqueous electrolyte solution, The density | concentration range of an electrolyte is as follows. The lower limit of the concentration is 0.5 mol / L or more, preferably 0.6 mol / L or more, more preferably 0.7 mol / L or more. Further, the upper limit of the concentration is 2 mol / L or less, preferably 1.8 mol / L or less, more preferably 1.7 mol / L or less. If the concentration is too low, the electric conductivity of the electrolytic solution may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the concentration is too high, the viscosity increases and the electrical conductivity may decrease. Such a decrease in electrical conductivity may reduce the performance of the lithium ion battery.

  The non-aqueous solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is a non-aqueous solvent that can be used as an electrolyte solvent for a lithium ion battery. For example, the following cyclic carbonate, chain carbonate, chain ester, cyclic ether, and chain ether are used. Etc.

  As the cyclic carbonate, those having 2 to 6 carbon atoms of the alkylene group constituting the cyclic carbonate are preferable, and those having 2 to 4 are more preferable. Specific examples include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, and the like. Of these, ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate are preferable.

  As the chain carbonate, dialkyl carbonate is preferable, and the number of carbon atoms of the two alkyl groups is preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 1 to 4. Specifically, symmetrical chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and di-n-propyl carbonate; asymmetric chain carbonates such as ethyl methyl carbonate, methyl-n-propyl carbonate, and ethyl-n-propyl carbonate Is mentioned. Of these, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate are preferable.

  Examples of chain esters include methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, and methyl propionate. Among them, it is preferable to use methyl acetate from the viewpoint of improving the low temperature characteristics.

  Examples of the cyclic ether include tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran and the like. Of these, tetrahydrofuran is preferably used from the viewpoint of improving input / output characteristics.

  Examples of chain ethers include dimethoxyethane and dimethoxymethane.

  The fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoroethylene carbonate, tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, and trifluoropropylene carbonate. Among these, fluoroethylene carbonate and the like are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of extending the life of the battery.

4). Separator The separator is not particularly limited as long as it has ion permeability while electronically insulating the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and has resistance to oxidation on the positive electrode side and reducibility on the negative electrode side. As a material (material) of the separator satisfying such characteristics, a resin, an inorganic material, glass fiber, or the like is used.

  As the resin, an olefin polymer, a fluorine polymer, a cellulose polymer, polyimide, nylon, or the like is used. Specifically, it is preferable to select from materials that are stable with respect to non-aqueous electrolytes and have excellent liquid retention properties. For example, porous sheets or nonwoven fabrics made from polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene may be used. preferable.

  As the inorganic material, oxides such as alumina and silicon dioxide, nitrides such as aluminum nitride and silicon nitride, and sulfates such as barium sulfate and calcium sulfate are used. For example, what made the said inorganic substance of fiber shape or particle shape adhere to thin film-shaped base materials, such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and a microporous film, can be used as a separator. As a thin film-shaped substrate, a substrate having a pore diameter of 0.01 to 1 μm and a thickness of 5 to 50 μm is preferably used. In addition, for example, a separator in which a composite porous layer is formed using the above-described inorganic material in a fiber shape or a particle shape by using a binder such as a resin can be used as a separator. Furthermore, this composite porous layer may be formed on the surface of the positive electrode or the negative electrode to form a separator. For example, a composite porous layer in which alumina particles having a 90% particle size of less than 1 μm are bound using a fluororesin as a binder may be formed on the surface of the positive electrode.

  Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in more detail based on examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[Production of positive electrode]
The positive electrode was produced as follows. A layered type lithium / nickel / manganese / cobalt composite oxide (NMC) which is a positive electrode active material was used. To this mixture of positive electrode active materials, scaly graphite (average particle size: 20 μm) as a conductive material and polyvinylidene fluoride as a binder were sequentially added and mixed to obtain a mixture of positive electrode materials. The weight ratio was set to active material: conductive material: binder = 90: 4.5: 5.5. Further, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a dispersion solvent was added to the above mixture and kneaded to form a slurry. A predetermined amount of this slurry was applied substantially uniformly and uniformly on both surfaces of a 20 μm thick aluminum foil serving as a positive electrode current collector. The aluminum foil had a rectangular shape with a short side (width) of 213 mm, and an uncoated portion with a width of 50 mm was left along the long side on one side. Then, the drying process was performed and it consolidated by the press to the predetermined density. Next, a positive electrode having a width of 213 mm was obtained by cutting. At this time, a notch was made in the uncoated part, and the remaining part of the notch was used as a lead piece. The width of the lead piece was 10 mm, and the interval between adjacent lead pieces was 20 mm.

[Production of negative electrode]
The negative electrode was produced as follows. Amorphous carbon (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used as the negative electrode active material. Polyvinylidene fluoride was added as a binder to the amorphous carbon. The weight ratio of these was active material: binder = 92.4: 7.6. A dispersion solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was added thereto and kneaded to form a slurry. A predetermined amount of this slurry was applied to both surfaces of a rolled copper foil having a thickness of 10 μm, which is a negative electrode current collector, substantially uniformly and uniformly. The rolled copper foil had a rectangular shape with a short side (width) of 218 mm, and left an uncoated part with a width of 50 mm along the long side on one side. Then, the drying process was performed and it consolidated by the press to the predetermined density. The density of the negative electrode mixture was 1.15 g / cm ³ . Next, a negative electrode having a width of 218 mm was obtained by cutting. At this time, a notch was made in the uncoated part, and the remaining part of the notch was used as a lead piece. The width of the lead piece was 10 mm, and the interval between adjacent lead pieces was 20 mm.

[Production of battery]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a lithium ion battery. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound around a separator made of polyethylene having a thickness of 30 μm so that they do not directly contact each other. At this time, the lead piece of the positive electrode plate and the lead piece of the negative electrode plate are respectively positioned on the opposite end surfaces of the winding group. Further, the lengths of the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate and the separator were adjusted, and the wound group diameter was 63.25 ± 0.5 mm.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the lead pieces 9 led out from the positive electrode are deformed, and all of them are gathered near the bottom of the flange 7 on the positive electrode side and brought into contact with each other. The positive electrode side flange portion 7 is integrally formed so as to protrude from the periphery of the pole column (positive electrode external terminal 1) substantially on the extension line of the axis of the wound group 6, and has a bottom portion and a side portion. Thereafter, the lead piece 9 is connected and fixed to the bottom of the flange 7 by ultrasonic welding. The lead piece 9 led out from the negative electrode and the bottom of the flange 7 on the negative electrode side are similarly connected and fixed. The negative electrode side flange portion 7 is integrally formed so as to protrude from the periphery of the pole column (negative electrode external terminal 1 ′) substantially on the extension line of the axis of the wound group 6, and has a bottom portion and a side portion.

  Then, the insulating coating 8 was formed using an adhesive tape to cover the side of the flange 7 on the positive electrode external terminal 1 side and the side of the flange 7 on the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ side. Similarly, an insulating coating 8 was formed on the outer periphery of the wound group 6. For example, this adhesive tape is stretched from the side of the flange 7 on the positive electrode external terminal 1 side to the outer peripheral surface of the winding group 6 and further from the outer periphery of the winding group 6 to the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ side. Insulating coating 8 is formed by winding several times over the side of 7. As the insulating coating (adhesive tape) 8, an adhesive tape in which the base material was polyimide and an adhesive material made of hexamethacrylate was applied on one surface thereof was used. The thickness of the insulating coating 8 (the number of windings of the adhesive tape) is adjusted so that the maximum diameter portion of the wound group 6 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the stainless steel battery container 5, and the wound group 6 is placed in the battery container 5. Inserted into. The battery container 5 had an outer diameter of 67 mm or 42 mm and an inner diameter of 66 mm or 41 mm.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the ceramic washer 3 ′ is fitted into a pole column whose tip constitutes the positive electrode external terminal 1 and a pole column whose tip constitutes the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′. The ceramic washer 3 ′ is made of alumina, and the thickness of the portion in contact with the back surface of the battery lid 4 is 2 mm, the inner diameter is 16 mm, and the outer diameter is 25 mm. Next, with the ceramic washer 3 placed on the battery lid 4, the positive external terminal 1 is passed through the ceramic washer 3, and with the other ceramic washer 3 placed on the other battery lid 4, the negative external terminal Pass 1 'through another ceramic washer 3. The ceramic washer 3 is made of alumina and has a flat plate shape with a thickness of 2 mm, an inner diameter of 16 mm, and an outer diameter of 28 mm.

Thereafter, the peripheral end surface of the battery lid 4 is fitted into the opening of the battery container 5 and the entire area of both contact portions is laser welded. At this time, the positive electrode external terminal 1 and the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ pass through a hole (hole) in the center of the battery cover 4 and project outside the battery cover 4. The battery lid 4 is provided with a cleavage valve 10 that cleaves in response to an increase in the internal pressure of the battery. The cleavage pressure of the cleavage valve 10 was set to 13 to 18 kgf / cm ² .

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the metal washer 11 is fitted into the positive external terminal 1 and the negative external terminal 1 ′, respectively. Thereby, the metal washer 11 is disposed on the ceramic washer 3. The metal washer 11 is made of a material smoother than the bottom surface of the nut 2.

  Next, the metal nut 2 is screwed to the positive electrode external terminal 1 and the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′, and the battery lid 4 is connected to the flange portion 7 and the nut 2 through the ceramic washer 3, the metal washer 11, and the ceramic washer 3 ′. Secure by tightening between. The tightening torque value at this time was 70 kgf · cm. The metal washer 11 did not rotate until the tightening operation was completed. In this state, the power generation element inside the battery container 5 is shielded from the outside air by the compression of the rubber (EPDM) O-ring 12 interposed between the back surface of the battery lid 4 and the flange 7.

  Thereafter, a predetermined amount of electrolytic solution was injected into the battery container 5 from the injection port 13 provided in the battery lid 4, and then the injection port 13 was sealed to complete the cylindrical lithium ion battery 20.

As an electrolytic solution, 1.2 mol / L of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ) was dissolved in a mixed solution in which ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate were mixed at a volume ratio of 2: 3: 2. What was done was used. Note that the cylindrical lithium ion battery 20 manufactured in this example is not provided with a current interrupting mechanism that operates to interrupt the current in accordance with the increase in the internal pressure of the battery container 5.

[Negative electrode can connection]
The liquid injection port 13 was sealed, and the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ was connected to the outer wall of the battery container 5 using a lead wire 3 hours after the completion of the liquid injection (negative electrode can connection). At this time, the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ side was fastened with a bolt, and the outer wall side of the battery container 5 was attached with a tape. Then, the voltage of the positive electrode external terminal 1 and the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ was measured and confirmed to be 0V.

  Then, after injecting electrolyte solution, it was left to stand for 7 days for impregnation.

[Initialization charge / discharge cycle]
The initialization charge / discharge cycle was performed in a temperature environment of 25 ° C. The current value for both charging and discharging was 0.5 CA. Charging was constant current constant voltage (CCCV) charging with 4.2 V as the upper limit voltage, and the termination condition was 3 hours. The discharge was a constant current discharge (CC discharge), and 2.7 V was set as a termination condition. Further, a pause of 30 minutes was put between charge and discharge. This was carried out for three cycles, and the discharge capacity at the third cycle was set as the initial capacity.

  The number of initialization charge / discharge cycles is not limited to 3 cycles.

[Aging processing conditions]
After carrying out the initialization charge / discharge cycle, the battery was charged to 3.7 to 4.2 V and aged in a temperature environment of 25 ° C. for 7 to 21 days.

[Defective (internal short circuit) inspection]
After aging, the battery was disassembled and the presence or absence of black spots that were thought to be internal short-circuit traces seen on the separator 2.2 m ² was confirmed.

[Example]
Examples to which the present invention is applied will be described below.

Example 1
The liquid injection port 13 was sealed, and the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ was connected to the outer wall of the battery container 5 using a lead wire 3 hours after the completion of the liquid injection (negative electrode can connection). At this time, the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ side was fastened with a bolt, and the outer wall side of the battery container 5 was attached with a tape.

(Comparative Example 1)
The liquid injection port 13 was sealed, and the negative electrode external terminal 1 ′ was not connected to the outer wall of the battery container 5 after completion of the liquid injection.

[Inspection results]
Table 1 shows the inspection results of the above-described defect (internal short circuit) inspection.

検査結果によれば、黒点数が減少することが判明した。理由は明確ではないが、負極を構成する銅の酸化反応を和らげ、負極での還元反応により鉄がセパレータ上に析出するのを防いだのではないかと考えられる。

According to the inspection results, it was found that the number of sunspots decreased. The reason is not clear, but it is thought that the oxidation reaction of copper constituting the negative electrode was moderated and iron was prevented from being deposited on the separator by the reduction reaction at the negative electrode.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Positive electrode external terminal 1 'Negative electrode external terminal 2 Nut 3 Ceramic washer 3' Ceramic washer 4 Battery cover 5 Battery container 6 Winding group 7 鍔 part 8 Insulation coating 9 Lead piece 10 Cleavage valve 11 Metal washer 12 O ring 13 Injection port 20 Cylindrical lithium ion battery

Claims (5)

A wound electrode group in which a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material is held in a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material is held in a negative electrode current collector is wound through a separator is a material containing iron The positive electrode external terminal which is housed in the battery can formed by the above-described method and is electrically connected to the positive electrode and disposed outside the battery can and the negative electrode which is electrically connected to the negative electrode and disposed outside the battery can A method of manufacturing a lithium ion battery in which an external terminal is disposed via a material that is electrically insulative with the battery can, and an electrolyte is injected into the battery can,
A method of manufacturing a lithium ion battery, wherein an initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed in a state where the battery can and the negative electrode external terminal are connected by a conductive wire. Aging is performed after performing the initialization charge / discharge cycle,
2. The method of manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the conducting wire is removed after performing the initialization charge / discharge cycle or after performing the aging.   The method for producing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode current collector is formed of a material containing copper.   The method for producing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the iron-containing material used for forming the battery can is a stainless material.   5. The lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the initialization charge / discharge cycle is performed a plurality of times, with constant current / constant voltage charge, rest, and constant current discharge as one cycle. 6. Production method.

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