JP2016221461A - Condenser for physicochemical experiment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a condenser for a physicochemical experiment for improving heat exchange efficiency, and reducing a size, by using a raw material of high heat conductivity.SOLUTION: A plurality of ceramic plates 11-16 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval toward the vertical direction, and steam fluid passages 22 and 24 and cooling fluid passages 21, 23 and 25 are alternately formed between the respective ceramic plates, and both side edges of the respective fluid passages are respectively blocked up by a side part blocking-up member, and a steam fluid introduction part 41 and a steam fluid lead-out part cut off by a first blocking-up member 33 to the cooling fluid passages and communicating only with the steam fluid passages, are respectively provided in both upper-lower end parts of the steam fluid passages, and a cooling fluid introduction part and a cooling fluid lead-out part 52 cut off by a second blocking-up member 34 to the steam fluid passages and communicating only with the cooling fluid passages, are respectively provided in both upper-lower end parts of the cooling fluid passages.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a condenser for physics and chemistry experiments, and more specifically, as a general research equipment, a condenser for physics and chemistry experiments used for work such as concentration, drying, separation, purification, distillation, and solvent removal of an extract at a chemistry research site. About.

  A condenser is widely used for distillation operation and reflux operation in various physics and chemistry experiments, and this kind of condenser is made of glass in consideration of chemical resistance (for example, see Patent Document 1). .

JP 2000-279703 A

  However, glass capacitors have a double-pipe structure in which the inner tube is placed inside the outer tube, and are manufactured by handmade by skilled glass craftsmen. It was expensive and greatly increased the product cost. In addition, since glass has low thermal conductivity, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a condenser for physicochemical experiments that can improve heat exchange efficiency and downsize by using a material having high thermal conductivity.

  In order to achieve the above object, the condenser for physical and chemical experiments of the present invention has a vapor fluid passage through which a vapor fluid containing a condensed component flows, and a cooling fluid through which the condensed fluid is condensed by indirect heat exchange with the vapor fluid. In a condenser for physical and chemical experiments comprising a cooling fluid passage, a plurality of ceramic plates are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the vapor fluid passage, the cooling fluid passage, and the like are arranged between the ceramic plates. Are alternately formed, and both side edges of each fluid passage are respectively closed with side closing members, and the upper and lower ends of the vapor fluid passage are blocked by the first closing member with respect to the cooling fluid passage, A steam fluid introducing portion and a steam fluid leading portion communicating only with the steam fluid passage are respectively provided, and upper and lower end portions of the cooling fluid passage are provided with respect to the steam fluid passage. Closing member is blocked by, it is characterized in that the cooling fluid inlet section communicating only with the cooling fluid passage and a cooling fluid outlet portion respectively provided.

  Furthermore, the condenser for physicochemical experiments of the present invention has four or more ceramic plates, an even number of ceramic plates are arranged in the vertical direction, and an odd-numbered fluid passage from the outer surface side is the cooling fluid passage, The even-numbered fluid passages are the steam fluid passages, and each of the fluid passages is provided with a reinforcing member / guide member that connects adjacent ceramic plates and guides the flow of fluid, The vapor fluid introduction part is provided in an upper part of the vapor fluid passage, the vapor fluid lead-out part is provided in a lower part of the vapor fluid path, and the cooling fluid introduction part is provided in a lower part of the cooling fluid passage, A portion is provided in the upper part of the cooling fluid passage.

  According to the condenser for physics and chemistry experiments of the present invention, as the capacitor material, ceramic having a thermal conductivity of 20 times or more compared to glass is used, so that the cooling fluid flowing in the cooling fluid passage and the steam fluid flowing in the steam fluid passage The indirect heat exchange efficiency can be greatly improved, and when a condenser with the same performance as glass is manufactured, the condenser can be greatly reduced in size. Further, since it becomes possible to mechanize the capacitor, it is possible to greatly reduce the manufacturing cost and obtain a capacitor having a stable shape and performance without individual differences.

It is a front view which shows one example of the capacitor | condenser for physicochemical experiments of this invention. It is II-II sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the capacitor | condenser main body before metal cover attachment. It is IV-IV sectional drawing of FIG. It is VV sectional drawing of FIG. It is VI-VI sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a vapor | steam fluid channel | path. It is VIII-VIII sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a cooling fluid channel | path. It is a partial cross section side view which shows the other example of a form for the capacitor | condenser for physics and chemistry experiments of this invention which laminated | stacked the capacitor | condenser main body. It is sectional drawing which similarly shows the structure of a vapor | steam fluid channel | path. It is sectional drawing which similarly shows the structure of a cooling fluid channel | path.

  1 to 9 show an example of one embodiment of the physicochemical capacitor of the present invention. The condenser for physics and chemistry experiments shown in this embodiment has five layers of fluid passages 21 to 21 in which vapor fluid passages and cooling fluid passages are alternately arranged using six ceramic plates 11 to 16 serving as outer plates and partition plates. The capacitor body 10 having 25 is covered with a pair of box-shaped metal covers 18 via a heat insulating material 17.

  The ceramic plates 12 to 15 (hereinafter referred to as “partition ceramic plates 12 to 15”) serving as partition plates are, for example, plate materials having a height of 100 to 200 mm, a width of 75 to 125 mm, and a thickness of 0.6 to 1.8 mm. The ceramic plates 11 and 16 serving as outer plates (hereinafter referred to as outer ceramic plates 11 and 16) have a height direction that is 15 to 50 mm larger than the partition ceramic plates 12 to 15 and the upper and lower ends are partitioned ceramic plates 12. ~ 15 are set to project from the upper and lower end edges by a predetermined length.

  The five-layer fluid passages 21 to 25 are closed at both side edges by side closing members 31, the even-numbered fluid passages 22 and 24 from the outer surface side are vapor fluid passages, and the odd-numbered fluid passages 21, Reference numerals 23 and 25 are cooling fluid passages. The fluid passages 21 to 25 have flow passage widths (intervals between ceramic plates) that are narrow in the fluid passages 21 and 25 that exchange heat only on one side and wide in the fluid passages 22, 23, and 24 that exchange heat on both sides. It is set.

  Vapor fluid introduction in which the outer edges of the outer surface ceramic plates 11 and 16 are closed by the outer edge closing member 32 is provided above and below the fluid passages 22 and 24 (hereinafter referred to as vapor fluid paths 22 and 24), which are vapor fluid paths. A part 41 and a steam fluid outlet 42 are provided. The upper and lower ends of fluid passages 21, 23, 25 (hereinafter referred to as cooling fluid passages 21, 23, 25) that serve as cooling fluid passages are shielded from the steam fluid inlet 41 or the steam fluid outlet 42. One closing member 33, 33 is provided, respectively, and the upper and lower ends of the vapor fluid passages 22, 24 communicate with the vapor fluid inlet 41 or the vapor fluid outlet 42 through the openings 22a, 24a, respectively.

  A steam fluid inlet 41a communicating with the steam fluid inlet 41 is opened in one outer surface ceramic plate 11 that defines the steam fluid inlet 41, and a steam fluid is provided outside the steam fluid inlet 41a. The introduction nozzle 43 is connected in a sealed state via an O-ring 44. Similarly, the other outer surface ceramic plate 16 that defines the steam fluid outlet 42 has a steam fluid outlet 42a that communicates with the steam fluid outlet 42, outside the steam fluid outlet 42a. The vapor fluid outlet nozzle 45 is connected in a sealed state via an O-ring 46.

  The steam fluid inlet 41 and the steam fluid outlet 42 are formed in an isosceles triangle shape with the steam fluid inlet 41a or the steam fluid outlet 42a as a top and the openings 22a and 24a as bases. The vapor fluid introduced from the fluid introduction port 41a can be uniformly introduced into the entire vapor fluid passages 22 and 24, and the condensate generated in the vapor fluid passages 22 and 24 is derived from the vapor fluid provided in the vertical direction. The vapor fluid can be reliably led out from the vapor fluid outlet 42 a located at the center of the lower end of the portion 42.

  The vapor fluid passages 22 and 24 have a plurality of opposing ceramic ceramic plates 12 and 13 and opposed ceramic ceramic plates 14 and 15 connected to each other and serving as reinforcing members for guiding the flow of the vapor fluid. Are provided at equal intervals in a direction parallel to the flow of the vapor fluid.

  On the other hand, a cooling fluid introduction part 51 and a cooling fluid lead-out part 52 are respectively provided on the fluid passage side of the first closing member 33. The cooling fluid introduction part 51 and the cooling fluid lead-out part 52 are blocked by the ring-shaped second closing member 34 with respect to the steam fluid passages 22 and 24 and the steam fluid introduction part 41 and the steam fluid lead-out part 42 to cool the cooling fluid. The fluid passages 21, 23, and 25 are communicated with each other by the communication portions 53 in a state where the cooling fluid passages 21, 23, and 25 of the second closing member 34 are cut away.

  An appropriate outer surface ceramic plate, in the present embodiment, the other outer surface ceramic plate 16 includes a cooling fluid introduction port 51a communicating with the cooling fluid introduction unit 51 located below and a cooling fluid lead-out unit 52 located above. A cooling fluid outlet 52a is provided, and a cooling fluid inlet nozzle 54 is connected to the outside of the cooling fluid inlet 51a in a sealed state via an O-ring 55, and is connected to the outside of the cooling fluid outlet 52a. The cooling fluid outlet nozzle 56 is connected in a sealed state via an O-ring 57.

  The cooling fluid passages 21, 23, 25 are provided between the opposed outer surface ceramic plate 11 and the partition ceramic plate 12, between the partition ceramic plates 12, 14, and between the partition ceramic plate 15 and the outer surface ceramic plate 16. There are provided cooling fluid guide members 27 and 27 that connect the opposing surfaces and also serve as a reinforcing member that guides the flow of the cooling fluid. The cooling fluid guide member 27 is formed so as to reciprocate the cooling fluid in an S shape by one and a half in the cooling fluid passages 21, 23, 25 in order to increase the passage length.

  The heat insulating material 17 and the metal cover 18 are provided with nozzle insertion holes 61 corresponding to the nozzles 43, 45, 54, and 56, respectively, and bolt insertion holes 62 that penetrate the outer edge closing member 32 are provided at the four corners. Are provided at four locations. Further, when the metal cover 18 is attached to both surfaces of the capacitor main body 10 by fastening the nut 64 to the bolt 63 inserted through the bolt insertion hole 62, the inner surface of the metal cover 18 is a flange 65 formed at the base of each nozzle. Is pressed toward the outer surface of each inlet and outlet to fix each nozzle.

  The constituent members of the capacitor main body 10 such as each ceramic plate and each closing member are formed into a predetermined shape by a known molding method such as pressure molding, injection molding, extrusion molding, or the like, using an appropriate ceramic material such as alumina or zirconia. Then, the capacitor main body 10 is formed by a method such as firing in an assembled state, and the ceramic plate portion and the closing member portion can be integrally formed as appropriate, and the whole can be obtained by using a 3D printer. It is also possible to mold integrally. Further, each nozzle, O-ring, and heat insulating material are preferably formed of a synthetic resin having chemical resistance, and the metal cover is also preferably formed of a metal material having chemical resistance and corrosion resistance.

  The number of laminated ceramic plates can be selected arbitrarily, but it is four or more, and odd-numbered passages are formed between the ceramic plates, odd-numbered passages from the outer surface are cooling fluid passages, and even-numbered steam By setting the fluid passage, the cooling fluid passage can be arranged on both sides of the steam fluid passage, and the steam fluid flowing in the steam fluid passage can be effectively cooled from both sides.

  Furthermore, by providing the vapor fluid guide member 26 and the cooling fluid guide member 27 in each passage, it is possible to improve the moldability and strength of the capacitor body 10 and to improve the heat exchange efficiency. Further, in the steam fluid passages 22 and 24, the steam fluid is caused to flow in the downward flow, and in the cooling fluid passages 21, 23 and 25, the cooling fluid is caused to flow in the upward flow as a whole and indirectly heat exchange is performed in the counterflow state. The heat exchange efficiency can be improved, and the condensate generated in the steam fluid passages 22 and 24 can be easily and reliably discharged from below.

  FIG. 10 to FIG. 12 show another example of the capacitor for physicochemical experiment of the present invention, in which three capacitor bodies 70A, 70B, and 70C having the same configuration as the capacitor body shown in the above embodiment are laminated. Thus, an example of forming a three-layer capacitor for physicochemical experiments is shown. In the following description, the same components as those of the capacitor for physicochemical experiment shown in the above-described embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11, regarding the steam fluid, the first condenser body 70A is provided with steam fluid upper communication ports 72A and 72A on both sides of the upper steam fluid introducing portion 71A, and inside the lower steam fluid leading portion 73A. A vapor fluid lower communication port 74A is provided on the stacked side of the second capacitor main body 70B, and the outer side of the vapor fluid outlet 73A is covered and closed by the outer surface ceramic plate 11.

  The second condenser main body 70B sandwiched between the upper and lower steam fluid inlets 71B and 73B has steam fluid upper communication ports 72B and 74B, respectively.

  The third condenser main body 70C is provided with a vapor fluid upper communication port 72C on the laminated side of the second condenser main body 70B that is inside the upper vapor fluid introduction part 71C, and the outer surface ceramic plate 16 is disposed outside the vapor fluid introduction part 71C. The steam fluid lower communication ports 74C and 74C are provided on both sides of the lower steam fluid outlet 73C.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 12, with respect to the cooling fluid, the first condenser main body 70A is closed by covering the outside with the outer ceramic plate 11 in both the lower cooling fluid introduction part 75A and the upper cooling fluid lead-out part 76A. In addition, cooling fluid communication ports 77A and 78A are provided on the inner side.

  In the second condenser main body 70B sandwiched between them, both the lower cooling fluid introduction part 75B and the upper cooling fluid lead-out part 76B are provided with cooling fluid communication ports 77B and 78B on both sides, respectively.

  In the third condenser body 70C on the introduction / extraction side of the cooling fluid, both the lower cooling fluid introduction section 75C and the upper cooling fluid extraction section 76C are cooled on both sides, similarly to the intermediate second condenser body 70B. Fluid communication ports 77C and 78C are provided, respectively.

  When the three capacitor bodies 70A, 70B, and 70C are stacked, an O-ring and circular gaskets 79a and 79b are provided between the vapor fluid communication ports facing each other and the cooling fluid communication ports facing each other when stacked. Place and adhere. Further, the steam fluid introduction nozzle 43, the steam fluid outlet nozzle 45, the cooling fluid introduction nozzle 54, and the cooling fluid outlet nozzle 56 are respectively provided in the steam fluid communicating port and the cooling fluid communicating port located outside. Link.

  The outer sides of the laminated capacitor bodies 70A, 70B, and 70C are covered with a metal cover 18 via a heat insulating material 17, and fastened with bolts 63, whereby a three-layer structure capacitor for physicochemical experiments in which three capacitor bodies are laminated. can get.

  Thereby, the heat exchange capacity can be increased while suppressing an increase in size and weight. In addition, by changing the number of stacked capacitor bodies 70B located in the middle, it is possible to form a capacitor for physicochemical experiments having an arbitrary number of stacked layers of two or more. At this time, by selecting a material having sufficient flexibility as the heat insulating material 17 and making the metal cover 18 an inlay method, it is possible to cope with cases where the number of layers is different.

  The condenser for physicochemical experiments of the present invention having such a configuration is optimal as a cooler for the rotary evaporator described in Patent Document 1, but is a distilled water production apparatus, a test tube concentration apparatus, a reaction apparatus, and various trap apparatuses. It can be used for various applications such as.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Condenser main body, 11 ... Outer surface ceramic board, 12, 13, 14, 15 ... Partition ceramic board, 16 ... Outer surface ceramic board, 17 ... Thermal insulation, 18 ... Metal cover, 21 ... Cooling fluid passage, 22 ... Steam fluid Passage, 22a ... opening, 23 ... cooling fluid passage, 24 ... vapor fluid passage, 24a ... opening, 25 ... cooling fluid passage, 26 ... steam fluid guide member, 27 ... cooling fluid guide member, 31 ... side block member 32 ... Outer edge portion closing member, 33 ... First closing member, 34 ... Second closing member, 41 ... Steam fluid inlet, 41a ... Steam fluid inlet, 42 ... Steam fluid outlet, 42a ... Steam fluid outlet, 43 ... Steam fluid introduction nozzle, 44 ... O-ring, 45 ... Steam fluid outlet nozzle, 46 ... O-ring, 51 ... Cooling fluid inlet, 51a ... Cooling fluid inlet, 52 ... Cooling fluid outlet, 52a ... Rejected fluid outlet, 53 ... communication portion, 54 ... cooling fluid introduction nozzle, 55 ... O-ring, 56 ... cooling fluid outlet nozzle, 57 ... O-ring, 61 ... nozzle insertion hole, 62 ... bolt insertion hole, 63 ... bolt, 64 ... Nut, 65 ... Flange, 70A, 70B, 70C ... Condenser body, 71A, 71B, 71C ... Vapor fluid inlet, 72A, 72B, 72C ... Vapor fluid upper communication port, 73A, 73B, 73C ... Vapor fluid outlet 74A, 74B, 74C ... Steam fluid lower communication port, 75A, 75B, 75C ... Cooling fluid inlet, 76A, 76B, 76C ... Cooling fluid outlet, 77A, 77B, 77C, 78A, 78B, 78C ... Cooling fluid communication Mouth, 79a, 79b ... Circular gasket

Claims (4)

  In a condenser for physical and chemical experiments, comprising a vapor fluid passage through which a vapor fluid containing a condensed component flows, and a cooling fluid passage through which a cooling fluid through which the condensed fluid is condensed by indirect heat exchange with the vapor fluid, The ceramic plates are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, the vapor fluid passages and the cooling fluid passages are alternately formed between the ceramic plates, and both side edges of each fluid passage are closed at the side. A steam fluid introduction part and a steam fluid lead-out part, which are respectively closed by a member, are shut off by the first closing member with respect to the cooling fluid passage at both upper and lower ends of the steam fluid passage and communicate only with the steam fluid passage. The cooling fluid passage is provided at both upper and lower ends of the cooling fluid passage and is blocked by the second closing member with respect to the steam fluid passage and communicates only with the cooling fluid passage. Physicochemical experimental capacitors, wherein the inlet portion and a cooling fluid outlet portion respectively provided.   There are four or more ceramic plates, and an even number of ceramic plates are arranged in the vertical direction. An odd-numbered fluid passage from the outer surface side is the cooling fluid passage, and an even-numbered fluid passage is the vapor fluid. 2. The condenser for physical and chemical experiments according to claim 1, wherein the condenser is a passage.   3. The condenser for physical and chemical experiments according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member and a guide member for connecting adjacent ceramic plates to each other and guiding the flow of fluid are provided in each fluid passage.   The vapor fluid introduction part is provided in an upper part of the vapor fluid passage, the vapor fluid lead-out part is provided in a lower part of the vapor fluid path, and the cooling fluid introduction part is provided in a lower part of the cooling fluid passage, The condenser for physical and chemical experiments according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a portion is provided in an upper part of the cooling fluid passage.

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