JP2016175113A - Repair method of steel pipe - Google Patents
Repair method of steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016175113A JP2016175113A JP2015058213A JP2015058213A JP2016175113A JP 2016175113 A JP2016175113 A JP 2016175113A JP 2015058213 A JP2015058213 A JP 2015058213A JP 2015058213 A JP2015058213 A JP 2015058213A JP 2016175113 A JP2016175113 A JP 2016175113A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、例えばガス配管の表面に生じた損傷を補修する鋼管の補修方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a steel pipe repair method for repairing, for example, damage generated on the surface of a gas pipe.
地下に埋設されているガス配管の表面に損傷が生じた場合の補修方法として、鋼管の損傷部分に、鋼管の外半径と同一の半径を有する半円形のスリーブを被せて、スリーブの軸方向の端部と鋼管の外周面、及びスリーブの継ぎ合わせ部を溶接して損傷部分を補修するスリーブ補修溶接工法がある(特許文献1の段落[0005]参照)。
また、損傷部分1にパッチを当ててその周囲を溶接して補修する方法も行われている(特許文献1の段落[0006]参照)。
溶接終了後、溶接欠陥の有無を検査するための非破壊検査として一般的には放射線透過試験(RT)が実施されるが、補修溶接を実施する場合は、より有害なきずを検出するためにRTに加えて超音波探傷試験(UT)を併用することが推奨されている。(非特許文献1のP.381参照)
As a repair method when the surface of the gas pipe buried underground is damaged, a semicircular sleeve having the same radius as the outer radius of the steel pipe is put on the damaged part of the steel pipe in the axial direction of the sleeve. There is a sleeve repair welding method in which a damaged portion is repaired by welding an end portion and an outer peripheral surface of a steel pipe and a joining portion of a sleeve (see paragraph [0005] of Patent Document 1).
In addition, a method of repairing the damaged portion 1 by applying a patch and welding the periphery is also performed (see paragraph [0006] of Patent Document 1).
After welding, a radiation transmission test (RT) is generally performed as a non-destructive inspection to inspect the presence or absence of weld defects, but when repair welding is performed, in order to detect more harmful flaws It is recommended to use ultrasonic testing (UT) in addition to RT. (See page 381 of Non-Patent Document 1)
スリーブ円周溶接部を通常の90°すみ肉溶接とした場合は、斜角探傷法によることになるが、ルート部に発生する溶け込み不足等の欠陥は、欠陥に対する超音波の入射角度が適正ではないため、検査性能が低下するという問題がある。
このような問題は、鋼管の損傷部分にパッチをあてて行う補修方法においても同様に存在する。
When the sleeve circumferential weld is a normal 90 ° fillet weld, it is based on the oblique flaw detection method, but defects such as insufficient penetration occurring at the root are not appropriate for the incident angle of the ultrasonic wave to the defect. Therefore, there is a problem that the inspection performance is deteriorated.
Such a problem also exists in a repair method in which a patch is applied to a damaged portion of a steel pipe.
本発明はかかる課題を解決するためになされたものであり、鋼管表面に形成された損傷部分を補修する鋼管の補修方法であって、溶接及び溶接後の溶接欠陥検出を適正に行うことができる鋼管の補修方法を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a steel pipe repair method for repairing a damaged portion formed on a surface of a steel pipe, and can appropriately detect welding defects after welding and welding. The purpose is to provide a method for repairing steel pipes.
(1)本発明に係る鋼管の補修方法は、鋼管の表面に生じた損傷部分を補修する鋼管の補修方法であって、
逆開先を形成したスリーブ管又はパッチを前記損傷部分を覆うように前記鋼管に配置して、前記スリーブ管又は前記パッチと前記鋼管との間をすみ肉溶接する溶接工程と、
該溶接工程で形成された溶接部分を超音波探傷によって非破壊検査を行う検査工程を備え、
前記逆開先の開先角度θを、スリーブ管又はパッチの板厚をt、前記超音波探傷に用いる探触子の直径をyとしたときに、y≦2t/tanθを満たす角度に設定し、前記検査工程において溶接部の検査を斜角探傷法と垂直探傷法を併用して行い、ルート部の溶け込みの検査を垂直探傷法で行うようにしたことを特徴とするものである。
(1) A steel pipe repair method according to the present invention is a steel pipe repair method for repairing a damaged portion generated on the surface of a steel pipe,
A welding step in which a sleeve pipe or patch having a reverse groove formed is disposed on the steel pipe so as to cover the damaged portion, and fillet welding is performed between the sleeve pipe or the patch and the steel pipe;
An inspection process for performing non-destructive inspection by ultrasonic flaw detection on the welded portion formed in the welding process;
The groove angle θ of the reverse groove is set to an angle satisfying y ≦ 2t / tan θ, where t is the thickness of the sleeve tube or patch, and y is the diameter of the probe used for the ultrasonic flaw detection. In the inspection step, the welded portion is inspected by using both the oblique flaw detection method and the vertical flaw detection method, and the penetration inspection of the root portion is performed by the vertical flaw detection method.
本発明によれば、逆開先の開先角度θを、スリーブ管又はパッチの板厚をt、前記超音波探傷に用いる探触子の直径をyとしたときに、y≦2t/tanθを満たす角度に設定し、前記検査工程において溶接部の検査を斜角探傷法と垂直探傷法を併用して行い、ルート部の溶け込みの検査を垂直探傷法で行うようにしたことにより、ルート部の溶け込みの検査を確実に行うことができ、検査を含む適切な鋼管の補修を実現できる。 According to the present invention, when the groove angle θ of the reverse groove is t, the thickness of the sleeve tube or patch is t, and the diameter of the probe used for the ultrasonic flaw detection is y, y ≦ 2t / tan θ is satisfied. By setting the angle to be satisfied and performing the inspection of the welded portion in combination with the oblique flaw detection method and the vertical flaw detection method in the inspection step, and performing the inspection of the penetration of the root portion by the vertical flaw detection method, Penetration inspection can be performed reliably, and appropriate steel pipe repair including inspection can be realized.
本実施の形態では、スリーブ管を用いて行う補修方法を例に挙げて説明する。
本実施の形態に係る鋼管の補修方法は、スリーブ管を鋼管に溶接する溶接工程と、溶接部分を検査する検査工程を備えている。
なお、溶接工程に先だって、鋼管におけるスリーブ管の設置部位やすみ肉溶接のルート部の管表面を研削し、また鋼管とスリーブ管のクリアランス確保のために半割の鋼製スペーサをスリーブの両側の上下に貼り付けるようにするのが好ましい。
以下、溶接工程と検査工程を詳細に説明する。
In the present embodiment, a repair method performed using a sleeve tube will be described as an example.
The steel pipe repair method according to the present embodiment includes a welding process for welding the sleeve pipe to the steel pipe and an inspection process for inspecting the welded portion.
Prior to the welding process, the sleeve pipe installation site in the steel pipe and the pipe surface of the root part of the fillet weld are ground, and half steel spacers are installed on the upper and lower sides of the sleeve to ensure the clearance between the steel pipe and the sleeve pipe. It is preferable to stick to.
Hereinafter, the welding process and the inspection process will be described in detail.
<溶接工程>
溶接工程は、図1に示すように、逆開先1を形成した半割のスリーブ管3を、損傷部分(図示なし)を覆うように鋼管5に配置して、スリーブ管3と鋼管5との間を、溶接トーチ7を円周方向に移動しながらすみ肉溶接する円周すみ肉溶接工程と、半割のスリーブ管3同士を溶接するシーム溶接工程を含む工程である。
<Welding process>
In the welding process, as shown in FIG. 1, the half sleeve tube 3 formed with the reverse groove 1 is arranged on the steel tube 5 so as to cover the damaged portion (not shown), and the sleeve tube 3, the steel tube 5, These are steps including a circumferential fillet welding process in which fillet welding is performed while moving the welding torch 7 in the circumferential direction, and a seam welding process in which the half sleeve tubes 3 are welded together.
《円周すみ肉溶接》
円周すみ肉溶接を行うスリーブ管3の端部に形成する逆開先1は、逆開先1の開先角度θを、スリーブ管3の板厚をt、前記超音波探傷に用いる探触子9の直径をyとしたときに、y≦2t/tanθを満たす角度に設定されている。
このように設定した理由を図2に基づいて説明する。
《Circumferential fillet welding》
The reverse groove 1 formed at the end of the sleeve tube 3 where the circumferential fillet welding is performed is the probe angle θ of the reverse groove 1, the thickness of the sleeve tube 3 is t, and the probe used for the ultrasonic flaw detection. When the diameter of the child 9 is y, the angle is set to satisfy y ≦ 2t / tan θ.
The reason for this setting will be described with reference to FIG.
検査工程では、ルート部の欠陥検出が重要となるが、上述したように斜角探傷法では欠陥検出が難しい。そこで、ルート部を垂直探傷法で行うことが考えられる。
ルート部を垂直探傷法で探傷検査を行うには、図2における、探触子9の中心がルート部の直上に配置できることが必要である。そのためには、スリーブ管3における逆開先1を形成した図中のxの長さがx≧y/2である必要がある。
図2から明らかなように、x=t/tanθの関係があるので、この関係を上記の不等式に代入することでt/tanθ≧y/2となり、これを整理するとy≦2t/tanθとなる。
このように、逆開先1の角度θがy≦2t/tanθを満たすように設定することで、ルート部の検査を垂直探傷法で行うことが可能となる。
In the inspection process, it is important to detect defects in the root portion. However, as described above, it is difficult to detect defects by the oblique flaw detection method. Therefore, it is conceivable to perform the root portion by the vertical flaw detection method.
In order to perform a flaw detection inspection on the root portion by the vertical flaw detection method, it is necessary that the center of the probe 9 in FIG. 2 can be arranged immediately above the root portion. For that purpose, the length of x in the figure in which the reverse groove 1 in the sleeve tube 3 is formed needs to satisfy x ≧ y / 2.
As apparent from FIG. 2, since there is a relationship of x = t / tan θ, by substituting this relationship into the above inequality, t / tan θ ≧ y / 2 is obtained, and when this is arranged, y ≦ 2t / tan θ is obtained. .
Thus, by setting the angle θ of the reverse groove 1 to satisfy y ≦ 2t / tan θ, it is possible to inspect the root portion by the vertical flaw detection method.
なお、y≦2t/tanθの条件式によってθの満たすべき上限値を規定するが、θの下限値は、実際に溶接が可能な値で決定して、30°程度を下限値とすることが現実的である。 The upper limit value to be satisfied by θ is defined by the conditional expression of y ≦ 2t / tan θ. The lower limit value of θ is determined by a value that can be actually welded, and about 30 ° is set as the lower limit value. Realistic.
溶接は、例えば自動マグ溶接で実施する。すみ肉溶接の溶接ビード11の積層状態を模式的に示した図3に示す。
スリーブ管3の片側の溶接が全て終了した後、残りの片側を溶接する。溶接終了後、最終層の余盛をスリーブ管3表面までグラインダ等で均一に削除する。
Welding is performed, for example, by automatic mag welding. FIG. 3 schematically shows the laminated state of the weld bead 11 of fillet welding.
After the welding on one side of the sleeve tube 3 is completed, the remaining one side is welded. After welding is completed, the surplus of the final layer is uniformly removed to the surface of the sleeve tube 3 with a grinder or the like.
《シーム溶接》
シーム溶接は、例えば初層をティグ溶接で、積層を被覆アーク溶接で実施する。
<Seam welding>
In the seam welding, for example, the first layer is performed by TIG welding, and the lamination is performed by covered arc welding.
<検査工程>
検査工程は、溶接工程で形成された溶接部分(溶接部及びルート部)を超音波探傷法によって非破壊検査を行う検査工程である。
図4は溶接部を垂直探傷法で検査している状態を示しており、この例では丸で囲んだA部に示すように、ルート部の溶け込みが十分で、欠陥が無い状態を示している。
また、この例では、最上層の溶接ビード11を研削してスリーブ管3の表面と面一な平坦面になるようにしているので、溶接部の一部を垂直探傷法で検査可能になっている。なお、溶接部の他の部位については、斜角探傷法で行うようにすればよい。
<Inspection process>
The inspection process is an inspection process in which a nondestructive inspection is performed on the welded part (welded part and root part) formed in the welding process by an ultrasonic flaw detection method.
FIG. 4 shows a state in which the welded portion is inspected by the vertical flaw detection method. In this example, as shown in a circled portion A, the root portion is sufficiently melted and there is no defect. .
In this example, since the uppermost weld bead 11 is ground so as to be a flat surface flush with the surface of the sleeve tube 3, a part of the welded portion can be inspected by the vertical flaw detection method. Yes. In addition, what is necessary is just to carry out by the bevel flaw detection method about the other site | part of a welding part.
他方、図5は、ルート部に溶け込み不足の欠陥A(グレーの太線参照)が有った場合を示しており、図5に示すように、垂直探傷を行うことにより、確実に欠陥を検出できる。なお、垂直探傷を行うため、探触子9は小型のものが好ましく、例えばφ5mmのものが好ましい。 On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows a case where there is a defect A (see a thick gray line) that is not sufficiently melted in the root portion. As shown in FIG. 5, the defect can be reliably detected by performing the vertical flaw detection. . In order to perform vertical flaw detection, the probe 9 is preferably small, for example, φ5 mm.
以上のように、本実施の形態によれば、逆開先1の開先角度θを、スリーブ管3の板厚をt、前記超音波探傷に用いる探触子9の直径をyとしたときに、y≦2t/tanθを満たす角度に設定し、前記検査工程において溶接部の検査を斜角探傷法と垂直探傷法を併用して行い、ルート部の溶け込みの検査を垂直探傷法で行うようにしたことにより、ルート部の溶け込みの検査を確実に行うことができ、適切な鋼管5の補修を実現できる。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the groove angle θ of the reverse groove 1 is t, the thickness of the sleeve 3 is t, and the diameter of the probe 9 used for the ultrasonic flaw detection is y. In addition, the angle satisfying y ≦ 2t / tanθ is set, and in the inspection step, the welded portion is inspected using the oblique flaw detection method and the vertical flaw detection method, and the penetration of the root portion is inspected by the vertical flaw detection method. By doing so, it is possible to reliably inspect the penetration of the root portion, and to realize appropriate repair of the steel pipe 5.
なお、上記の説明では、鋼管5にスリーブ管3を溶接する場合について説明したが、本発明はこれに限られるものではなく、図6に示すように、矩形状のパッチ13(図6(a))や、円形状のパッチ15(図6(b))を用いる場合も含み、この場合であっても、スリーブ管3の場合と同様の逆開先1を形成することで、ルート部の垂直探傷が可能になり、適切な鋼管5の補修を実現できる。 In the above description, the case where the sleeve pipe 3 is welded to the steel pipe 5 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a rectangular patch 13 (see FIG. )) And a circular patch 15 (FIG. 6B), and even in this case, by forming the reverse groove 1 similar to the case of the sleeve tube 3, Vertical flaw detection is possible, and appropriate repair of the steel pipe 5 can be realized.
本発明に係る鋼管の補修方法の具体例の作業フローを図7に示し、以下図7に基づいて具体的に説明する。
<スリーブ管セット>
端部に上記実施の形態で説明した逆開先を形成した半割りのスリーブ管を、本管の損傷部を覆うようにセットする。その際、鋼製のスペーサを用いて本管との離隔を1〜4mm程度とるようにする。
A work flow of a specific example of the steel pipe repair method according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 7, and will be specifically described below with reference to FIG.
<Sleeve tube set>
The half sleeve tube having the reverse groove described in the above embodiment at the end is set so as to cover the damaged portion of the main tube. At that time, a steel spacer is used so that the distance from the main pipe is about 1 to 4 mm.
<溶接(シーム)>
スリーブ管のセット後、管軸方向の溶接(シーム溶接)を実施する。溶接は初層をティグ溶接で、積層を被覆アーク溶接で実施する。なお、初層溶接は裏波溶接で行う。
<Welding (Seam)>
After setting the sleeve tube, welding in the tube axis direction (seam welding) is performed. Welding is performed by TIG welding for the first layer and by covering arc welding for lamination. The first layer welding is performed by reverse wave welding.
<溶接(円周すみ肉)>
シーム溶接後、円周方向のすみ肉溶接を行う。溶接は自動マグ溶接で実施する。
<Welding (circumferential fillet)>
After seam welding, fillet welding in the circumferential direction is performed. Welding is performed by automatic mag welding.
<検査>
非破壊検査は各溶接部について、X線透過試験および超音波探傷試験を行う。特に円周すみ肉溶接部の超音波探傷試験は、斜角探傷法に加え、垂直探傷法を実施する。
垂直探傷法は、垂直探触子はルート部の直上に配し、円周方向に走査することによって行う。この際、検出対象としている欠陥が、図8に示すように形状による反射面(スリーブ底面、鋼管表面)が連続した複雑形状であるため、識別や評価方法を考慮する必要がある。例えば、適用対象と同一形状の試験体を製作し、事前に検証実験を行っておくことが好ましい。
<Inspection>
In the nondestructive inspection, an X-ray transmission test and an ultrasonic flaw detection test are performed for each weld. In particular, in the ultrasonic flaw detection test for circumferential fillet welds, the vertical flaw detection method is implemented in addition to the oblique flaw detection method.
In the vertical flaw detection method, the vertical probe is arranged immediately above the root portion and scanned in the circumferential direction. At this time, since the defect to be detected is a complex shape in which the reflecting surfaces (the sleeve bottom surface and the steel pipe surface) are continuously formed as shown in FIG. 8, it is necessary to consider the identification and evaluation method. For example, it is preferable to manufacture a test body having the same shape as the application target and perform a verification experiment in advance.
1 逆開先
3 スリーブ管
5 鋼管
7 溶接トーチ
9 探触子
11 溶接ビード
13 矩形状のパッチ
15 円形状のパッチ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Reverse groove | channel 3 Sleeve pipe 5 Steel pipe 7 Welding torch 9 Probe 11 Weld bead 13 Rectangular patch 15 Circular patch
Claims (1)
逆開先を形成したスリーブ管又はパッチを前記損傷部分を覆うように前記鋼管に配置して、前記スリーブ管又は前記パッチと前記鋼管との間をすみ肉溶接する溶接工程と、
該溶接工程で形成された溶接部分を超音波探傷によって非破壊検査を行う検査工程を備え、
前記逆開先の開先角度θを、スリーブ管又はパッチの板厚をt、前記超音波探傷に用いる探触子の直径をyとしたときに、y≦2t/tanθを満たす角度に設定し、前記検査工程において溶接部の検査を斜角探傷法と垂直探傷法を併用して行い、ルート部の溶け込みの検査を垂直探傷法で行うようにしたことを特徴とする鋼管の補修方法。 A method of repairing a steel pipe for repairing a damaged portion on the surface of the steel pipe,
A welding step in which a sleeve pipe or patch having a reverse groove formed is disposed on the steel pipe so as to cover the damaged portion, and fillet welding is performed between the sleeve pipe or the patch and the steel pipe;
An inspection process for performing non-destructive inspection by ultrasonic flaw detection on the welded portion formed in the welding process;
The groove angle θ of the reverse groove is set to an angle satisfying y ≦ 2t / tan θ, where t is the thickness of the sleeve tube or patch, and y is the diameter of the probe used for the ultrasonic flaw detection. A method for repairing a steel pipe, characterized in that in the inspection step, the welded portion is inspected using both the oblique flaw detection method and the vertical flaw detection method, and the penetration of the root portion is inspected by the vertical flaw detection method.
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP2021127833A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-09-02 | 株式会社クボタ | Method for forming insertion port protrusion |
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JP2021127833A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-09-02 | 株式会社クボタ | Method for forming insertion port protrusion |
JP7019854B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2022-02-15 | 株式会社クボタ | Method of forming the insertion port protrusion |
CN114571039A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-06-03 | 国能浙江北仑第三发电有限公司 | T/P92 steel pipe rapid repairing method capable of guaranteeing high-temperature strength |
CN114571039B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-10-31 | 国能浙江北仑第三发电有限公司 | Quick repair method for T/P92 steel pipe with high-temperature strength guaranteed |
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