JP2016122284A - Building planning/designing system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide building planning/designing system and method capable of easily creating BIM data without creating a two-dimensional drawing and checking a building design including the angle of viewing and texture.SOLUTION: Spreadsheet software 22 includes a database sheet 23 for storing the default value of design data D2 in a table form, and size setting sheet 22a for determining a building shape. The size setting sheet 22a has an input area for receiving size data D1 including the number of spans in the X direction of the building, the number of spans in a Y direction, and the number of floors. The spreadsheet software 22 displays, based on the size data D1, a key plan 2 indicating pillar positions and wall positions common among the floors, and block data 3 indicating the arrangement of rooms at each floor of the building in a table form. The key plan 2 and the block data 3 can be corrected on the spreadsheet software. Linkage software 24 converts design data D2 generated from the size data D1 into BIM data D3 of a three-dimensional CAD 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a BIM building planning and designing system and method using a three-dimensional general-purpose CAD.

  BIM (building information model) is a design method for generating and managing building data. Typically, 3D CAD data (hereinafter referred to as BIM data) is created in the process of building design using 3D CAD.

  The BIM data includes building shapes, spatial relationships, building member quantities and characteristics, and building element properties (such as manufacturer information). Therefore, the quantity and shared material information can be easily extracted using the BIM data.

  For example, Revit (registered trademark) is known as a three-dimensional CAD for building design using BIM. Revit (registered trademark) is CAD software for building design developed by Autodesk (registered trademark) in the United States.

  Such 3D CAD for building design has been developed for BIM, allowing architects to evolve ideas from concept to construction with a coordinated and consistent model-based approach.

  For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 are disclosed as means for efficiently performing architectural design using the above-described general-purpose three-dimensional CAD.

  Patent Document 1 “3D Data Creation System, 3D Data Creation Method, and Program” uses a combination of general-purpose CAD and spreadsheet software to simplify input of 3D data and reduce system costs. For the purpose.

  In Patent Document 1, a data input unit uses a general-purpose CAD software to set a layer for each member of a building. Then, the member is traced or input for each layer. Further, the attribute information of the members traced in each layer is defined in a tabular format by using a spreadsheet software and a predetermined command and parameter by the data input unit. Then, the processing unit associates the graphic information of the members in the layer with the attribute information and generates data for three-dimensional display.

  The “building management system” of Patent Document 2 is intended to easily and accurately grasp the current state of a building and easily estimate it.

  In patent document 2, the image data of a building and the attribute information of each member which comprises a building are stored in a memory | storage part as building management information, and the building management information memorize | stored in the memory | storage part is provided according to a request | requirement. Based on the cost information from the contractor who performed repair work including repair and renewal, etc. for the building, the system server obtains the breakdown information of the cost including the work target material and work details, and serves as the orderer of the repair work. Provide billing information.

JP 2005-78207 A JP 2014-174590 A

As described above, in the conventional means using the three-dimensional general-purpose CAD, a two-dimensional drawing is separately created, and three-dimensional CAD data is created from the two-dimensional drawing. However, in order to create BIM data from a two-dimensional drawing, it is necessary to trace or manually input the attribute information and quantity of each member on the two-dimensional drawing, which takes time and effort.
In addition, building designs have been confirmed by elevation, perspective, and model. However, it takes time and effort to create elevations, perspectives, models, and the like. In addition, with these means, it is difficult to confirm the building design including the viewing angle and texture.

  The present invention has been developed to solve these problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a building planning and designing system and method that can easily create BIM data without creating a two-dimensional drawing and can confirm a building design including a viewing angle and texture. It is in.

According to the present invention, the computer includes a three-dimensional CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the three-dimensional CAD and the spreadsheet software.
The spreadsheet software includes a database sheet that stores design data default values in a table format, and a scale setting sheet that determines a building shape,
The scale setting sheet has an input area for inputting scale data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building,
Based on the scale data, the spreadsheet software displays a key plan indicating a column position and a wall position common to each floor, and building block data indicating an array of rooms for each level of the building in a tabular form,
The key plan, the building block data, and the design data can be corrected on a spreadsheet.
Next, the building software provides the building planning and design system characterized in that the design data generated from the scale data is converted into BIM data of the three-dimensional CAD.

The spreadsheet software has a data correction sheet for correcting the design data,
The data correction sheet displays the default value of the key plan and the building data and the design data in a tabular format, chimney setting, part for each core, departure setting, or default data in a table format,
The displayed default value can be corrected on the spreadsheet software.

The spreadsheet software has a data confirmation sheet for confirming the design data,
The data confirmation sheet displays column values, beam data, wall data, inner slab data, room data, joinery data, extended column data, extended wall data, or general data default values in a tabular format among the design data. And
The displayed default value can be corrected on the spreadsheet software.

  Of the design data, the default value of the thickness of the slab, the earthquake resistant wall, or the miscellaneous wall is calculated by a preset calculation formula based on the span dimension based on the scale setting sheet.

  Among the design data, a default value of the arrangement of the balcony, the common corridor, the entrance, or the window is set by a preset logic based on the span dimension based on the scale setting sheet.

Further, according to the present invention, a computer is prepared in which three-dimensional CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the three-dimensional CAD and the spreadsheet software are installed. And
In the first step of determining the building shape,
(A) Enter scale data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building in the input area of the scale setting sheet of the spreadsheet software.
(B) Based on the scale data, the spreadsheet displays the key plan indicating the column position and wall position common to each floor and the building block data indicating the arrangement of the rooms for each level of the building in a tabular format. ,
The key plan, the building block data, and the design data can be corrected on a spreadsheet.
In the second step of generating the data necessary for building design,
(C) The building planning and designing method is provided in which the design data generated from the scale data is converted into the three-dimensional CAD BIM data by the cooperation software.

According to the apparatus and method of the present invention, scale data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building is input in the scale setting sheet of the spreadsheet software. Further, the spreadsheet software displays, in a tabular form, key plans indicating the column positions and wall positions common to each floor, and building data indicating the arrangement of the rooms for each level of the building, based on the scale data.
Therefore, scale data, key plans, and building data can be created using only spreadsheet software without creating a two-dimensional drawing.

  In addition, the spreadsheet software has a database sheet that stores the default values of the design data in a tabular format, and the key plan, building block data, and design data can be modified on the spreadsheet software. Can be corrected or confirmed freely on spreadsheet software.

Furthermore, since the linkage software that links 3D CAD and spreadsheet software converts design data generated from scale data into BIM data, it is possible to easily create BIM data without creating 2D drawings. Can do.
In addition, building design including viewing angle and texture can be confirmed by 3D CAD for building design using BIM.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the plan design drawing is automatically generated in three dimensions only by setting the building shape using only the spreadsheet software, so that the time for creating the plan design drawing can be greatly reduced. Further, according to the present invention, the design of the building can be confirmed from all angles including the texture.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a building planning and designing system according to the present invention. It is a whole flowchart of 1st step S1 which determines a building shape. It is a schematic diagram of the spreadsheet of a table format displayed on the screen for output by the building plan design system of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a key plan. It is a figure which shows an example of building block data. It is a whole flowchart of 2nd step S2 which produces | generates data required for building design. The perspective view of the building displayed on the screen by three-dimensional CAD is shown.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the common part in each figure, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a building planning and designing system according to the present invention.
As shown in this figure, the building planning and designing system of the present invention includes a computer 10.
The computer 10 includes an input / output device 12 that exchanges data with the outside, a storage device 14 that records data, a control device 16 that controls the execution status of a program, and an arithmetic device 18 that calculates and processes data. The
The input / output device 12 includes, for example, an input keyboard and mouse, an output screen (for example, a liquid crystal screen), and a printer.
The storage device 14 includes a main storage device used for temporary storage and an external storage device (auxiliary storage device) used for permanent recording.

  In the computer 10 of the present invention, a storage device 14 includes three-dimensional CAD 20 for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software 22, and linkage software 24 that links the three-dimensional CAD 20 and spreadsheet software 22. Installed.

  A three-dimensional CAD 20 for building design using BIM is Revit (registered trademark) described above, for example. Note that the three-dimensional CAD 20 is not limited to this example, and the BIM data D3 includes building shapes, spatial relationships, building member quantities and characteristics, and building element properties (such as manufacturer information), and uses the BIM data D3. As long as the quantity and shared material information can be extracted, other three-dimensional CAD for building design may be used.

The general-purpose spreadsheet software 22 is, for example, Excel (registered trademark) developed by Microsoft (registered trademark) in the United States. Note that the spreadsheet software 22 is not limited to this example, and other spreadsheet software may be used as long as the data and symbols can be displayed in a table format and data can be calculated.
The spreadsheet software 22 has a database sheet 23 that stores the default values of the design data D2 in a table format.

  The linkage software 24 converts the design data D2 generated from the scale data D1 of the spreadsheet software 22 into BIM data D3. The link software 24 may be a macro of the spreadsheet software 22 or may be independent program software as long as it has this conversion function.

The building planning and designing system according to the present invention automatically creates design data D2 necessary for creating a building design drawing using a three-dimensional CAD 20 by using spreadsheet software 22 and converts it into BIM data D3. It is.
In the present invention, the building is a housing complex such as a condominium, for example, and means an SRC structure or RC structure mainly having a ramen structure.

  The building planning and designing method of the present invention prepares the computer 10 described above, and executes a first step S1 for determining a building shape and a second step S2 for generating data necessary for building design, thereby providing a three-dimensional view. The CAD 20 generates BIM data D3 necessary for creating a building blueprint.

  FIG. 2 is an overall flowchart of the first step S1 for determining the building shape. As shown in this figure, the first step S1 includes steps S11 to S13.

  Step S11 is a frame shape setting step, step S12 is a span dimension setting step, and step S13 is a given condition setting step.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spreadsheet in a tabular format displayed on an output screen by the building planning and designing system of the present invention.
As shown in this figure, the spreadsheet software 22 of the present invention confirms the scale setting sheet 22a for determining the building shape, the data correction sheet 22b for correcting the design data D2, and the design data D2. Data confirmation sheet 22c. Each of these sheets may be displayed simultaneously or separately.

  In step S11, the building planning and designing system of the present invention displays or activates the scale setting sheet 22a on the output screen (in a state where input is possible).

The scale setting sheet 22a has input areas a, b, and c (lattice cells) for inputting scale data D1 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of stories.
In this example, the X direction means a direction in which a plurality of dwelling unit types (for example, A, B, C) constituting the apartment are adjacent, that is, a direction in which the common hallway extends. The Y direction means a depth direction orthogonal to the X direction in the plan view.
In the input areas a, b, and c (lattice-like cells), appropriate numerical values corresponding to the building shape assumed by the designer are selected from a list or input using a keyboard. Since the scale setting sheet 22a is a spreadsheet in the form of a table, these numerical values can be freely modified on spreadsheet software.
In this example, 2 is input for the number of spans in the X direction, 3 for the number of spans in the Y direction, and 4 for the rank.
In this example, the scale setting sheet 22a further has an input area d (grid-like cell) for inputting a 1FL height (floor height). The input area d for inputting the 1FL height is not essential and can be omitted.

In FIG. 3A, the scale setting sheet 22a further has a cell e for expansion displayed as “first expansion”. The designer selects the scale data D1 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors from the list in which default values are displayed, or inputs the scale data using the keyboard, and then uses the mouse for deployment. Click the cell e.
By this click, step S12 is executed, and the data correction sheet 22b shown in FIG. 3B is displayed or activated.

The data correction sheet 22b in FIG. 3B includes cells displayed as “key plan”, “building block”, “chianti setting”, “part by core”, “room setting”, “default data”, and “second expansion”. ”Is displayed.
In the data correction sheet 22b of FIG. 3B, when the designer clicks the “key plan” or “building block” cell with the mouse, the spreadsheet software 22 uses the scale data D1 to generate the key. Plan 2 and building block data 3 are displayed in a table format.

  Key plan 2 is a diagram showing a column position and a wall position common to each floor. Moreover, the building block data 3 is a figure which shows the arrangement | sequence of the room for every hierarchy of a building.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the key plan 2. In this figure, (A) is a key plan 2 before correction, (B) is a key plan 2 after correction, and (C) is an image diagram of a plane frame corresponding to (B).

In FIG. 4A, a symbol “●” indicates a column, a symbol “|” and a symbol “−” indicate beams, and a blank indicates a space without columns and beams. Each number in the figure means a distance (span) between the columns. Each code and numerical value are displayed independently in a spreadsheet cell.
From FIG. 4 (A), the designer can confirm whether the key plan 2 of the assumed building shape is correctly displayed. In addition, since the key plan 2 is shown in a spreadsheet in a table format, these codes and numerical values can be freely modified on spreadsheet software.

  FIG. 4B shows a key plan 2 obtained by partially correcting FIG. From FIG. 4 (B), the designer can confirm whether the key plan 2 (planar frame corresponding to FIG. 4 (C)) of the assumed building shape is correctly displayed.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the building block data 3. In this figure, (A) is the building data 3 before correction, (B) is the building data 3 after correction, and (C) is an image diagram of the elevation frame corresponding to (B).

In FIG. 5A, the symbol “|” represents a column, the symbol “−” represents a beam, the symbol “+” represents the intersection of the column and the beam, and the blank represents a room space without the column and the beam. Each code is independently displayed in a spreadsheet cell.
From FIG. 5A, the designer can confirm whether the building data 3 having the assumed building shape is correctly displayed. Further, since the building block data 3 is shown in a spreadsheet in a tabular format, these codes can be freely modified on the spreadsheet software.

  FIG. 5B shows building data 3 in which FIG. 5A is partially modified. From FIG. 5 (B), the designer can confirm whether the building-shaped building block data 3 (an upright frame corresponding to FIG. 5 (C)) is correctly displayed.

In the data correction sheet 22b of FIG. 3B, when the designer clicks a cell of “Canti setting”, “Parts for each core”, “Exit room setting”, or “Default data” using the mouse, The spreadsheet software 22 displays the default values of the Chianti setting, the part for each core, the room setting, or the default data in a table format.
For example, when “exit room setting” is clicked, a plurality of preset patterns indicating where the room is to be provided are displayed, and one pattern can be selected and the dimensions of the room can be input.
That is, in step S13, when the designer clicks these cells using the mouse, the spreadsheet software 22 refers to the database sheet 23 on the data correction sheet 22b, and sets the default dimensions and positions. Display values in tabular form.
The designer can freely modify these default values on spreadsheet software based on the assumed building shape.

In the first step S1 for determining the building shape described above, the designer inputs scale data D1 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of stories in the scale setting sheet 22a of the spreadsheet software 22. be able to. Further, the spreadsheet software 22 displays, in a tabular form, a key plan 2 indicating the column positions and wall positions common to each floor and building data 3 indicating the arrangement of the rooms for each level of the building based on the scale data D1. To do.
Therefore, the designer can create the scale data D1, the key plan 2, and the building block data 3 using only the spreadsheet software 22 without creating a two-dimensional drawing.

  In FIG. 3 (B), when step S13 is completed and the designer clicks on a cell for expansion displayed as “second expansion”, the data confirmation sheet 22c shown in FIG. 3 (C) is displayed or activated. .

The data confirmation sheet 22c is a cell in which "column data", "beam data", "wall data", "inner slab data", "room data", "joint data", "extended column data", "extended wall data", and "general data" are displayed. And a cell for expansion displayed as “third expansion”.
The data confirmation sheet 22c displays these default values in the table format in the design data D2. The displayed default value can be corrected on the spreadsheet software.

In the design data D2, the default value of the thickness of the slab, the seismic wall, or the miscellaneous wall is calculated by a preset calculation formula based on the span dimension based on the scale setting sheet 22a.
Further, in the design data D2, the default values for the arrangement of the balcony, the common hallway, the entrance, or the window are set by a preset logic based on the span dimension based on the scale setting sheet 22a.
For example, the balcony has a predetermined cross-sectional dimension, and the length is set based on the span dimension. In addition, the shape of the balcony at the end of the building is set in advance.

  FIG. 6 is an overall flowchart of the second step S2 for generating data necessary for building design. As shown in the figure, the second step S2 includes steps T1 to T11.

In this figure, steps T1 to T11 are respectively “column and beam positions and dimensions”, “slab positions and types”, “wall positions and types”, “balcony positions and shapes”, “balcony handrail shapes, "Type", "Location and shape of common corridor", "Location of entrance and waist window, type""Position and type of corridor handrail""Position and type of rooftop parapet""Position and type of common staircase""Exterior finish, type Is a data generation step.
In the second step S2, by clicking these cells on the data confirmation sheet 22c, the respective default values are displayed in a table format.
The displayed default value can be corrected on spreadsheet software.
For example, the rooftop parapet recognizes the position and shape of the rooftop from the building data 3 shown in FIG. 5B, and calculates how the rooftop parapet is shaped based on the preset cross-sectional dimensions. In this case, not only the dwelling unit but also the top of the hallway and balcony are recognized as the rooftop.

In FIG. 3C, when steps T1 to T11 are completed and the designer clicks on a cell for expansion displayed as “third expansion”, the design data D2 generated from the scale data D1 by the linkage software 24. Is converted into BIM data D3.
FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of a building displayed on the screen by the three-dimensional CAD 20.
After the BIM data D3 is generated by the cooperation software 24, a three-dimensional CAD 20 can freely display a plan view, an elevation view, a cross-sectional view, a perspective view, etc. on the screen.
In addition, since all the design data D2 is converted into BIM data D3, the three-dimensional CAD 20 can easily calculate and estimate the members.

  As described above, in the first step S1 of the present invention, the frame outline data of the building is input in step S11 (frame shape setting step). Next, in step S12 (span dimension setting step) and step S13 (given condition setting step), the frame data of the building is adjusted.

That is, in step S12, input of each span dimension, unnecessary column and beam setting deletion, cross-sectional frame adjustment, and setback portion frame deletion are performed.
In step S13, other adjustments such as setting a room, setting a pillar, and setting a wall are performed.
In addition, if the default settings such as the dwelling unit, joinery, handrail, and marion (vertical frame material that divides the windows) are necessary, they are corrected. In other words, since the default setting is basically made in accordance with the carry-in basic specifications, automatic design can be performed if the frame shape of the building is set.

  In the second step S2 of the present invention, design data D2 is generated. This step is basically fully automatic.

(1) Generation of column / beam dimension / position data Since the position information in the horizontal direction of the column is defined in the first step S1, the X, Y, Z direction is determined by the standard floor height set in the table data. Position information can be determined, and column height information can also be obtained.
In addition, column cross-sectional information arranged on each floor is set from the table data, and arrangement information for the core is also set, so that three-dimensional column arrangement information is generated.
As for the beam, since the position information in the horizontal and vertical directions of the beam is defined by the first step S1, the position information in the X, Y, and Z directions can be determined by the standard floor height set in the table data. Since the beam cross-section information and the arrangement information for the core are also set, three-dimensional beam arrangement information is generated.

(2) Generation of other dimension data and position data The first step S1 and the acquisition of standard floor height data, slabs (thickness is defined by the span dimensions), seismic walls and miscellaneous walls are also tertiary. The original position information can be generated.
As for the arrangement of the balcony, common corridor, entrance, and window, since the arrangement conditions are set by default according to the span length, three-dimensional data is automatically generated.

According to the apparatus and method of the present invention, scale data D1 including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building is input in the scale setting sheet 22a of the spreadsheet software 22. Further, the spreadsheet software 22 displays, in a tabular form, a key plan 2 indicating the column positions and wall positions common to each floor and building data 3 indicating the arrangement of the rooms for each level of the building based on the scale data D1. To do.
Therefore, the scale data D1, the key plan 2, and the building block data 3 can be created using only the spreadsheet software 22 without creating a two-dimensional drawing.

  The spreadsheet software 22 has a database sheet 23 for storing the default values of the design data D2 in a table format. The key plan 2, the building block data 3 and the design data D2 can be corrected on the spreadsheet software. Therefore, the design data D2 can be freely corrected or confirmed on the spreadsheet software.

Furthermore, since the linkage software 24 that links the three-dimensional CAD 20 and the spreadsheet software 22 converts the design data D2 generated from the scale data D1 into BIM data D3, the BIM can be easily performed without creating a two-dimensional drawing. Data can be created.
In addition, the building design including the viewing angle and texture can be confirmed by the 3D CAD 20 for building design using the BIM.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the plan design drawing is automatically generated in three dimensions only by setting the building shape using only the spreadsheet software 22, so that the creation time of the plan design drawing can be greatly shortened. . Further, according to the present invention, the design of the building can be confirmed from all angles including the texture.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Of course, it can change variously, unless it deviates from the summary of this invention.

D1 scale data, D2 design data, D3 BIM data,
2 key plan, 3 building blocks, 10 computers,
12 input / output devices, 14 storage devices, 16 control devices, 18 computing devices,
20 3D CAD, 22 spreadsheet software, 22a scale setting sheet,
22b data correction sheet, 22c data confirmation sheet,
23 database sheet, 24 linkage software

Claims (6)

A computer installed with 3D CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the 3D CAD and the spreadsheet software;
The spreadsheet software includes a database sheet that stores design data default values in a table format, and a scale setting sheet that determines a building shape,
The scale setting sheet has an input area for inputting scale data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building,
Based on the scale data, the spreadsheet software displays a key plan indicating a column position and a wall position common to each floor, and building block data indicating an array of rooms for each level of the building in a tabular form,
The key plan, the building block data, and the design data can be corrected on a spreadsheet.
Next, the linkage software converts the design data generated from the scale data into the BIM data of the three-dimensional CAD. The spreadsheet software has a data correction sheet for correcting the design data,
The data correction sheet displays the default value of the key plan and the building data and the design data in a tabular format, chimney setting, part for each core, departure setting, or default data in a table format,
The building planning and designing system according to claim 1, wherein the displayed default value can be corrected on the spreadsheet software. The spreadsheet software has a data confirmation sheet for confirming the design data,
The data confirmation sheet displays column values, beam data, wall data, inner slab data, room data, joinery data, extended column data, extended wall data, or general data default values in a tabular format among the design data. And
The building planning and designing system according to claim 1, wherein the displayed default value can be corrected on the spreadsheet software.   The default value of the thickness of the slab, the earthquake resistant wall, or the miscellaneous wall among the design data is calculated by a preset calculation formula based on a span dimension based on the scale setting sheet. Item 1. The building planning and design system according to Item 1.   The default value of the layout of the balcony, the common corridor, the entrance, or the window among the design data is set by a preset logic based on a span dimension based on the scale setting sheet. 1. The building planning and design system described in 1. Prepare a computer on which 3D CAD for building design using BIM, general-purpose spreadsheet software, and linkage software that links the 3D CAD and spreadsheet software are installed,
In the first step of determining the building shape,
(A) Enter scale data including the number of spans in the X direction, the number of spans in the Y direction, and the number of floors of the building in the input area of the scale setting sheet of the spreadsheet software.
(B) Based on the scale data, the spreadsheet displays the key plan indicating the column position and wall position common to each floor and the building block data indicating the arrangement of the rooms for each level of the building in a tabular format. ,
The key plan, the building block data, and the design data can be corrected on a spreadsheet.
In the second step of generating the data necessary for building design,
(C) The building planning and designing method, wherein the design data generated from the scale data is converted into BIM data of the three-dimensional CAD by the cooperation software.

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