JP2016106418A - Constant current circuit and light-emitting diode driving constant current circuit - Google Patents

Constant current circuit and light-emitting diode driving constant current circuit Download PDF

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JP2016106418A
JP2016106418A JP2016017890A JP2016017890A JP2016106418A JP 2016106418 A JP2016106418 A JP 2016106418A JP 2016017890 A JP2016017890 A JP 2016017890A JP 2016017890 A JP2016017890 A JP 2016017890A JP 2016106418 A JP2016106418 A JP 2016106418A
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thermistor
constant current
current circuit
temperature
change
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広巳 村松
Hiroshi Muramatsu
広巳 村松
昌寛 石田
Masahiro Ishida
昌寛 石田
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a constant current circuit that compensates for ambient temperature characteristics.SOLUTION: The constant current circuit includes: a transistor Q1; a resistor R1; and a first thermistor Rth1 and a second thermistor Rth2 which are connected in parallel to the resistor and whose resistance value change with temperature. The second thermistor Rth2 has such a characteristic that a combined resistance value of three elements including the resistor R1, the thermistor Rth1, and the thermistor Rth2 approaches closer to a fixed value relative to a change in temperature than a combined resistance value of two elements including the resistor R1 and the thermistor Rth1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

この発明は、定電流回路及び発光ダイオード駆動定電流回路に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a constant current circuit and a light emitting diode driving constant current circuit.

周囲温度特性と点灯時間特性とを補償する定電流回路を提供する試みがあった。   There have been attempts to provide a constant current circuit that compensates for ambient temperature characteristics and lighting time characteristics.

特開2008−288396号公報JP 2008-288396 A 特開平03−23704号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-23704 特開2011−142728号公報JP 2011-142728 A 特開2006−100975号公報JP 2006-100755 A 特開平09−283305号公報JP 09-283305 A 実願昭56−097500号(実開昭58−005085号)のマイクロフィルムMicrofilm of Japanese Utility Model No. 56-097500 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-005085)

この発明は、周囲温度特性を補償する定電流回路を提供する。   The present invention provides a constant current circuit that compensates for ambient temperature characteristics.

この発明に係る定電流回路は、
負荷回路に電力を供給する定電流回路であって、
電源に接続されたエミッタと前記負荷回路に接続されたベースおよびコレクタとを有したトランジスタと、
一端が前記ベースと接続され他端が前記エミッタと接続された抵抗と、
前記抵抗と並列に接続された第1サーミスタおよび第2サーミスタと
を備え、
前記第1サーミスタは、
温度変化に対応して抵抗値が変化するとともに、
温度変化に対する前記抵抗との合成抵抗の変化量が温度変化に対する前記抵抗の変化量より小さくなる特性を有し、
前記第2サーミスタは、
温度変化に対応して抵抗値が変化するとともに、
温度変化に対する前記抵抗および前記第1サーミスタとの合成抵抗の変化量が温度変化に対する前記抵抗および前記第1サーミスタの合成抵抗の変化量より一定値に近づく特性を有することを特徴とする。
The constant current circuit according to the present invention is:
A constant current circuit for supplying power to a load circuit,
A transistor having an emitter connected to a power source and a base and a collector connected to the load circuit;
A resistor having one end connected to the base and the other end connected to the emitter;
A first thermistor and a second thermistor connected in parallel with the resistor;
The first thermistor is
As resistance changes in response to temperature changes,
The amount of change in the combined resistance with the resistance against temperature change is smaller than the amount of change in resistance against temperature change,
The second thermistor is
As resistance changes in response to temperature changes,
The amount of change in the combined resistance of the resistor and the first thermistor with respect to a temperature change has a characteristic that approaches a constant value than the amount of change in the combined resistance of the resistance and the first thermistor with respect to a temperature change.

この発明は、第1サーミスタと第2サーミスタとにより、周囲温度特性を補償する定電流回路を提供する。   The present invention provides a constant current circuit that compensates for ambient temperature characteristics using a first thermistor and a second thermistor.

抵抗R1によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図。The figure which shows the constant current circuit for LED drive by resistance R1. 図1のLED駆動用定電流回路の、周囲温度による明るさの変化量を示す図。The figure which shows the variation | change_quantity of the brightness by ambient temperature of the constant current circuit for LED drive of FIG. 図1のLED駆動用定電流回路の、点灯時間による明るさの変化量を示す図。The figure which shows the variation | change_quantity of the brightness by lighting time of the constant current circuit for LED drive of FIG. 抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図。The figure which shows the constant current circuit for LED drive by resistance R1 and thermistor Rth1. 図4のLED駆動用定電流回路の、周囲温度による明るさの変化量を示す図。The figure which shows the variation | change_quantity of the brightness by ambient temperature of the constant current circuit for LED drive of FIG. 図4のLED駆動用定電流回路の、点灯時間による明るさの変化量を示す図。The figure which shows the variation | change_quantity of the brightness by lighting time of the constant current circuit for LED drive of FIG. 抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1・Rth2・Rth3によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図。The figure which shows the constant current circuit for LED drive by resistance R1 and thermistors Rth1, Rth2, and Rth3. 図7のLED駆動用定電流回路の、周囲温度による明るさの変化量を示す図。The figure which shows the variation | change_quantity of the brightness by ambient temperature of the constant current circuit for LED drive of FIG. 図7のLED駆動用定電流回路の、点灯時間による明るさの変化量を示す図。The figure which shows the variation | change_quantity of the brightness by lighting time of the constant current circuit for LED drive of FIG. 実施の形態2の抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1・Rth2によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図。The figure which shows the constant current circuit for LED drive by resistance R1 of Embodiment 2, and thermistor Rth1 * Rth2. 実施の形態2のサーミスタRth4LED駆動用定電流回路を示す図。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a thermistor Rth4LED driving constant current circuit according to a second embodiment. 実施の形態2のサーミスタRth5・Rth6によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a constant current circuit for LED driving by thermistors Rth5 and Rth6 of the second embodiment.

実施の形態1.
図1は、LED(発光ダイオード)駆動用定電流回路を示す図である。
トランジスタQ1は、ベースとエミッタとコレクタとを有する。トランジスタQ2は、ベースとエミッタとコレクタとを有する。電源VCCは、トランジスタQ1のエミッタと接続されている。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a constant current circuit for driving an LED (light emitting diode).
Transistor Q1 has a base, an emitter, and a collector. Transistor Q2 has a base, an emitter, and a collector. The power supply VCC is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1.

抵抗R1は、一端がトランジスタQ1のベースと接続され、他端がトランジスタQ1のエミッタと接続されている。トランジスタQ1のベースは、トランジスタQ2のエミッタと接続されている。トランジスタQ1のコレクタは、トランジスタQ2のベースと接続されている。抵抗R2は、一端がトランジスタQ2のベースと接続され、他端が接地GNDに接続されている。   One end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2. The collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2. The resistor R2 has one end connected to the base of the transistor Q2 and the other end connected to the ground GND.

LED1,2,3,4,5,6が直列に接続されている。発光ダイオードは、発光直後から次第に暗くなり所定時間後に一定の明るさになる特性を有している。LED1は、トランジスタQ2のコレクタと接続されている。LED6は、接地GNDに接続されている。   LEDs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are connected in series. The light emitting diode has a characteristic that it gradually becomes dark immediately after light emission and becomes constant brightness after a predetermined time. LED1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2. The LED 6 is connected to the ground GND.

図1は、負荷回路に対して電力を供給する定電流回路を示している。トランジスタQ1と抵抗R1により、定電流回路を構成している。トランジスタQ2と抵抗R2とLED1,2,3,4,5,6とにより、負荷回路を構成している。   FIG. 1 shows a constant current circuit that supplies power to a load circuit. The transistor Q1 and the resistor R1 constitute a constant current circuit. A load circuit is configured by the transistor Q2, the resistor R2, and the LEDs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

図2は、図1のLED駆動用定電流回路の周囲温度による明るさの変化量を示す図である。ここで、周囲温度とはLEDモジュールが存在している大気温度(室内温度)である。   FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the amount of change in brightness according to the ambient temperature of the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. Here, the ambient temperature is the atmospheric temperature (room temperature) where the LED module is present.

摂氏+20度(常温)の時の明るさを100%の明るさとすると、LEDの一般的な動作周囲温度範囲である摂氏−20度〜+50度で、明るさが約114%〜90%の範囲で変化する。
摂氏−20度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と比べて約14%明るくなる。摂氏+50度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と比べて約10%暗くなる。
If the brightness at +20 degrees Celsius (room temperature) is 100%, the general operating ambient temperature range of the LED is -20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and the brightness is in the range of about 114% to 90%. It changes with.
When the temperature is -20 degrees Celsius, it is about 14% brighter than when the temperature is normal (20 degrees Celsius). When it is +50 degrees Celsius, it is about 10% darker than when it is normal temperature (+20 degrees Celsius).

このように、図1のLED駆動用定電流回路では、図2に示すように、周囲温度の変化に伴い、LEDの明るさも変化する。それは、トランジスタQ1の温度特性によるものであり、電圧の変動により、電流値が変化するため、全光束(明るさ)が変化するためである。   As described above, in the LED driving constant current circuit shown in FIG. 1, the brightness of the LED also changes as the ambient temperature changes, as shown in FIG. This is due to the temperature characteristics of the transistor Q1, and because the current value changes due to voltage fluctuation, the total luminous flux (brightness) changes.

具体的には、トランジスタのVEB電圧は、温度で変化する。低温ではVEB電圧が低く、高温ではVEB電圧が高くなる。固定抵抗Rのみでは、低温時は電流が多くながれ、高温では電流がすくなくなるという現象になり、結果として、周囲温度の変化に伴い、LEDの明るさも変化する。   Specifically, the VEB voltage of the transistor changes with temperature. At low temperatures, the VEB voltage is low, and at high temperatures, the VEB voltage is high. With only the fixed resistor R, the current increases at a low temperature, and the current decreases at a high temperature. As a result, the brightness of the LED also changes as the ambient temperature changes.

さらに、図3は、図1のLED駆動用定電流回路の点灯時間による明るさの変化量を示す図である。点灯後30分後の明るさを100%の明るさとすると、0分〜30分で、明るさが約108%〜100%の範囲で変化する。
点灯直後は、108%程度の明るさとなり、点灯後30分で100%となる。
このように、図1のLED駆動用定電流回路では、図3に示すように、LEDの特性上、点灯直後が明るく時間とともに暗くなり、約30分後に安定する。
Furthermore, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the amount of change in brightness depending on the lighting time of the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. Assuming that the brightness 30 minutes after the lighting is 100%, the brightness changes in the range of about 108% to 100% in 0 minutes to 30 minutes.
Immediately after lighting, the brightness is about 108%, and becomes 100% 30 minutes after lighting.
As described above, in the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 3, due to the characteristics of the LED, the state immediately after lighting is bright and dark with time, and is stabilized after about 30 minutes.

図4は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図である。
図1に対して、サーミスタRth1(第1サーミスタRth1)が追加されている。サーミスタRth1は、抵抗R1と並列に接続され、一端がトランジスタQ1のベースと接続され、他端がトランジスタQ1のエミッタと接続されている。
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an LED driving constant current circuit including a resistor R1 and a thermistor Rth1.
A thermistor Rth1 (first thermistor Rth1) is added to FIG. The thermistor Rth1 is connected in parallel with the resistor R1, one end is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1.

サーミスタRth1は、温度により抵抗値が変化する温度補償サーミスタである。サーミスタRth1は、低温ほど抵抗が大きく、高温ほど抵抗が小さくなる。   The thermistor Rth1 is a temperature compensation thermistor whose resistance value changes with temperature. The thermistor Rth1 has a higher resistance at lower temperatures and a lower resistance at higher temperatures.

図5は、図4のLED駆動用定電流回路の周囲温度による明るさの変化量を示す図である。
摂氏+20度(常温)の時の明るさを100%の明るさとすると、LEDの一般的な動作周囲温度範囲である摂氏−20度〜+50度で、明るさが約107%〜98%の範囲で変化する。
摂氏−20度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と比べて約7%明るくなる。摂氏+30、+40、+50度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と比べて約1%又は約2%暗くなる。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the amount of change in brightness according to the ambient temperature of the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG.
When the brightness at +20 degrees Celsius (room temperature) is 100%, the general operating ambient temperature range of the LED is -20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and the brightness is in the range of about 107% to 98%. It changes with.
When the temperature is -20 degrees Celsius, it is about 7% brighter than when the temperature is normal temperature (degrees Celsius +20 degrees). When the temperature is +30, +40, and +50 degrees Celsius, it is about 1% or about 2% darker than that at room temperature (+20 degrees Celsius).

このように、図4のLED駆動用定電流回路では、図5に示すように、周囲温度の変化に伴い、LEDの明るさも変化するが、サーミスタRth1を追加することにより周囲温度の変化による、明るさの変化を補正できる。
その理由は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1との並列接続による合成抵抗の変動が温度変化に対して抵抗R1だけの場合に比べて小さくなるからである。換言すれば、サーミスタRth1は、抵抗R1との合成抵抗が温度変化に対して変化量が小さくなるような特性を有するものを使用すればよい。
As described above, in the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 4, the brightness of the LED also changes as the ambient temperature changes as shown in FIG. 5, but by adding the thermistor Rth1, the ambient temperature changes. The change in brightness can be corrected.
The reason is that the fluctuation of the combined resistance due to the parallel connection of the resistor R1 and the thermistor Rth1 is smaller than the case of only the resistor R1 with respect to the temperature change. In other words, the thermistor Rth1 may have a characteristic that the combined resistance with the resistor R1 has such a characteristic that the amount of change with respect to a temperature change becomes small.

具体的には、摂氏−20度〜摂氏+50度で、サーミスタRth1は低温ほど抵抗が大きいものを選定し、抵抗RとサーミスタRth1の2素子の合成抵抗が低温時大きく、高温時小さくなるようにする事により温度補償する。しかし、完全に温度補償されるものではない。   Specifically, a thermistor Rth1 having a resistance of -20 degrees Celsius to +50 degrees Celsius and having a higher resistance at a lower temperature is selected so that the combined resistance of the two elements of the resistor R and the thermistor Rth1 is large at a low temperature and small at a high temperature. Temperature compensation. However, it is not completely temperature compensated.

図6は、図4のLED駆動用定電流回路の点灯時間による明るさの変化量を示す図である。図6に示すように、図4のLED駆動用定電流回路では、点灯時間による明るさの変化は補正できない。   FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the amount of change in brightness depending on the lighting time of the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 4 cannot correct the change in brightness due to the lighting time.

図7は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1・Rth2・Rth3によるLED駆動用定電流回路を示す図である。
図4に対して、サーミスタRth2(第2サーミスタRth2)とサーミスタRth3(第3サーミスタRth3)とが、追加されている。
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an LED driving constant current circuit including a resistor R1 and thermistors Rth1, Rth2, and Rth3.
4, a thermistor Rth2 (second thermistor Rth2) and a thermistor Rth3 (third thermistor Rth3) are added.

サーミスタRth2は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とに並列に接続され、一端がトランジスタQ1のベースと接続され、他端がトランジスタQ1のエミッタと接続されている。サーミスタRth2を並列に設置し、合成抵抗を細やかに設定できるようにする。サーミスタRth2の抵抗値も摂氏−20度〜摂氏+50度で変化するものではあるが、低温ほど抵抗が大きいとは限らない。   The thermistor Rth2 is connected in parallel to the resistor R1 and the thermistor Rth1, one end is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1. The thermistor Rth2 is installed in parallel so that the combined resistance can be set finely. The resistance value of the thermistor Rth2 also changes between −20 degrees Celsius and +50 degrees Celsius, but the resistance is not always greater at lower temperatures.

サーミスタRth2は、温度により抵抗値が変化する温度補償サーミスタである。
サーミスタRth2は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1との2素子の合成抵抗の値よりも、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2との3素子の合成抵抗の値が温度変化に対して一定値に近づくようになるような特性を有する。
サーミスタRth2は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1の温度変化に対する合成抵抗値の値により、追加されるものである。したがって、サーミスタRth2は、低温ほど抵抗が大きく、高温ほど抵抗が小さくなる特性を有する場合もあるし、逆に、低温ほど抵抗が小さく、高温ほど抵抗が大きくなる特性を有する場合もある。
The thermistor Rth2 is a temperature compensation thermistor whose resistance value changes with temperature.
The thermistor Rth2 is such that the combined resistance value of the three elements R1 and thermistor Rth1 and thermistor Rth2 approaches a constant value with respect to the temperature change, rather than the combined resistance value of the two elements R1 and thermistor Rth1. It has the characteristic which becomes.
The thermistor Rth2 is added depending on the value of the combined resistance value with respect to the temperature change of the resistor R1 and the thermistor Rth1. Therefore, the thermistor Rth2 may have a characteristic that the resistance is higher as the temperature is lower and the resistance is lower as the temperature is higher, and conversely, the resistance is lower as the temperature is lower and the resistance is higher as the temperature is higher.

サーミスタRth3は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2とに直列に接続され、一端が抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2と接続され、他端がトランジスタQ1のエミッタと接続されている。   The thermistor Rth3 is connected in series to the resistor R1, the thermistor Rth1, and the thermistor Rth2, one end is connected to the resistor R1, the thermistor Rth1, and the thermistor Rth2, and the other end is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1.

サーミスタRth3は、温度により抵抗値が変化する温度補償サーミスタである。
サーミスタRth3は、時間経過によって生じる定電流回路の抵抗値の変化あるいは負荷回路の抵抗値の変化を相殺する特性を有する。サーミスタRth3は、摂氏−20度〜+50度で、低温ほど抵抗が大きい。すなわち、サーミスタRth3は低温時は抵抗が大きく、高温になると抵抗が低くなるものを選定する。
点灯直後はサーミスタRth3の抵抗が大きく、LEDに流れる電流がすくないが、点灯によるLEDの発熱でサーミスタRth3は抵抗が低くなるため、電流は徐々に大きくなっていく。
The thermistor Rth3 is a temperature compensated thermistor whose resistance value changes with temperature.
The thermistor Rth3 has a characteristic that cancels out the change in the resistance value of the constant current circuit or the change in the resistance value of the load circuit that occurs over time. The thermistor Rth3 is -20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and the resistance is higher at lower temperatures. That is, the thermistor Rth3 is selected to have a large resistance at low temperatures and a low resistance at high temperatures.
Immediately after the lighting, the resistance of the thermistor Rth3 is large, and the current flowing through the LED is not great. However, the resistance of the thermistor Rth3 decreases due to the heat generation of the LED due to lighting, and the current gradually increases.

サーミスタRth3は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2との3素子の並列接続の合成抵抗とサーミスタRth3の抵抗との直列接続の合成抵抗(4素子の合成抵抗)を、発光直後から次第に小さくし前記所定時間後に一定に近づける特性を有する。LEDは点灯直後が明るく、段々暗くなり、30分程度で安定するという特性を有している。このLEDの特性(負荷回路の特性)とサーミスタRth3の特性とがあわさり、結果的に、点灯直後と30分後の明るさが、ほぼ一定となる。
定電流回路の電流を決定する抵抗値は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2の並列接続による合成抵抗に対してサーミスタRth3の抵抗値を加算した値となる。
The thermistor Rth3 gradually reduces the combined resistance (four-element combined resistance) of the series connection of the resistor R1, the thermistor Rth1 and the thermistor Rth2 in parallel connection and the resistance of the thermistor Rth3 immediately after light emission. It has the characteristic of approaching a constant after a predetermined time. The LED has a characteristic that it is bright immediately after lighting, becomes gradually darker, and stabilizes in about 30 minutes. The characteristics of the LED (load circuit characteristics) and the thermistor Rth3 are combined, and as a result, the brightness immediately after lighting and after 30 minutes is substantially constant.
The resistance value that determines the current of the constant current circuit is a value obtained by adding the resistance value of the thermistor Rth3 to the combined resistance by the parallel connection of the resistor R1, the thermistor Rth1, and the thermistor Rth2.

図8は、図7のLED駆動用定電流回路の周囲温度による明るさの変化量を示す図である。
摂氏+20度(常温)の時の明るさを100%の明るさとすると、LEDの一般的な動作周囲温度範囲である摂氏−20度〜+50度で、明るさが約103%〜100%の範囲で変化する。
摂氏−20度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と比べて約3%明るくなる。摂氏+10〜摂氏+40度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と同じ明るさになる。摂氏+50度の時は、常温(摂氏+20度)の時と比べて1%明るくなる。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the amount of change in brightness according to the ambient temperature of the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG.
If the brightness at +20 degrees Celsius (room temperature) is 100%, the general operating ambient temperature range of the LED is -20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and the brightness is in the range of about 103% to 100%. It changes with.
When the temperature is -20 degrees Celsius, it is about 3% brighter than when the temperature is normal (20 degrees Celsius). When the temperature is +10 to +40 degrees Celsius, the brightness is the same as that at normal temperature (+20 degrees Celsius). When it is +50 degrees Celsius, it is 1% brighter than when it is at room temperature (+20 degrees Celsius).

このように、図7のLED駆動用定電流回路では、図8に示すように、周囲温度の変化に伴い、LEDの明るさも変化するが、サーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2とを追加することにより周囲温度の変化による、明るさの変化をさらに補正できる。
その理由は、抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とサーミスタRth2との並列接続による合成抵抗の変動が温度変化に対して抵抗R1とサーミスタRth1とだけの場合に比べて小さくなるからである。
Thus, in the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 8, the brightness of the LED changes with the change of the ambient temperature, but the ambient temperature is increased by adding the thermistor Rth1 and the thermistor Rth2. It is possible to further correct the change in brightness due to the change in.
This is because the fluctuation of the combined resistance due to the parallel connection of the resistor R1, the thermistor Rth1, and the thermistor Rth2 is smaller than the case of only the resistor R1 and the thermistor Rth1 with respect to the temperature change.

さらに、図9は、図7のLED駆動用定電流回路の点灯時間による明るさの変化量を示す図である。点灯後30分後の明るさを100%の明るさとすると、0分〜30分で、明るさが約103%〜100%の範囲で変化する。
点灯直後は、103%程度の明るさとなり、点灯後6分で100%となる。
このように、図7のLED駆動用定電流回路では、図9に示すように、LEDの特性上、点灯直後が明るく時間とともに暗くなり、約6分後に安定する。
サーミスタRth3を追加する事により、点灯時間による、明るさの変化も補正する事ができる。
Furthermore, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the amount of change in brightness depending on the lighting time of the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. Assuming that the brightness 30 minutes after the lighting is 100%, the brightness changes in the range of about 103% to 100% in 0 minutes to 30 minutes.
Immediately after lighting, the brightness is about 103%, and becomes 100% in 6 minutes after lighting.
As described above, in the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 9, due to the characteristics of the LED, immediately after lighting, it becomes brighter and darker with time and becomes stable after about 6 minutes.
By adding the thermistor Rth3, it is possible to correct the change in brightness due to the lighting time.

実施の形態2.
実施の形態2では、実施の形態1と異なる点について述べる。
図10は、図7から、サーミスタRth3を削除したものである。
図10のLED駆動用定電流回路では、図8に示したように、周囲温度の変化による、明るさの変化を補正できる。しかし、サーミスタRth3がないので点灯時間による、明るさの変化は、補正する事ができない。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the second embodiment, differences from the first embodiment will be described.
FIG. 10 is obtained by deleting the thermistor Rth3 from FIG.
In the constant current circuit for LED driving in FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to correct a change in brightness due to a change in ambient temperature. However, since there is no thermistor Rth3, the change in brightness due to the lighting time cannot be corrected.

図11は、図4の抵抗R1を除し、サーミスタRth1をサーミスタRth4としたものである。サーミスタRth4は、単体で、図2に示す周囲温度特性を補償する特性を有している。さらに、サーミスタRth4は、単体で、図3に示す点灯時間特性を補償する特性を有している。
図11のLED駆動用定電流回路では、周囲温度の変化による、明るさの変化を補正できる。また、点灯時間による、明るさの変化を補正できる。ただし、サーミスタRth4単体で周囲温度特性と点灯時間特性との両方を補償するために完全な補償が出来る可能性は少ない。
FIG. 11 is obtained by removing the resistor R1 of FIG. 4 and replacing the thermistor Rth1 with the thermistor Rth4. The thermistor Rth4 is a single body and has a characteristic for compensating the ambient temperature characteristic shown in FIG. Further, the thermistor Rth4 is a single unit and has a characteristic for compensating the lighting time characteristic shown in FIG.
The LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 11 can correct a change in brightness due to a change in ambient temperature. Further, it is possible to correct the change in brightness due to the lighting time. However, since the thermistor Rth4 alone compensates for both the ambient temperature characteristic and the lighting time characteristic, there is little possibility of complete compensation.

図12は、サーミスタRth5と、サーミスタRth6とを直列に接続したものである。サーミスタRth5は、主として、図2に示す周囲温度特性を補償する特性を有している。さらに、サーミスタRth6は、主として、図3に示す点灯時間特性を補償する特性を有している。
図12のLED駆動用定電流回路では、周囲温度の変化による、明るさの変化を補正できる。また、点灯時間による、明るさの変化を補正できる。ただし、サーミスタRth5とサーミスタRth6との抵抗値は、互いに、温度変化するので、相互作用があっても完全な補償を提供するために最適な特性を持つものが選択されなければならない。
FIG. 12 shows a thermistor Rth5 and a thermistor Rth6 connected in series. The thermistor Rth5 mainly has a characteristic for compensating the ambient temperature characteristic shown in FIG. Further, the thermistor Rth6 mainly has a characteristic for compensating the lighting time characteristic shown in FIG.
In the LED driving constant current circuit of FIG. 12, it is possible to correct a change in brightness due to a change in ambient temperature. Further, it is possible to correct the change in brightness due to the lighting time. However, since the resistance values of the thermistor Rth5 and thermistor Rth6 change in temperature with respect to each other, those having optimum characteristics must be selected in order to provide complete compensation even if there is an interaction.

実施の形態3.
LEDの数は、6個に限らず、1個以上あればよい。
トランジスタQ1,Q2の種類は、NP型でもPN型でもよい。
負荷回路は、LEDを有していなくてもよく、その他の発光ランプを有する場合でもよい。また、発光ランプの回路以外でもよく、電動機、ロボットなどの回路でもよい。
負荷回路は、トランジスタQ2、抵抗R2を有していなくてもよい。
Embodiment 3 FIG.
The number of LEDs is not limited to six and may be one or more.
The types of the transistors Q1 and Q2 may be NP type or PN type.
The load circuit may not have the LED, and may have another light emitting lamp. Further, it may be other than the circuit of the light emitting lamp, and may be a circuit of an electric motor or a robot.
The load circuit may not include the transistor Q2 and the resistor R2.

以上の実施の形態に係る定電流回路は、負荷回路に対して電力を供給する定電流回路において、
ベースとエミッタとコレクタとを有するトランジスタQ1と、
一端がベースと接続され、他端がエミッタと接続された抵抗R1と、
上記抵抗と並列に接続され、温度により抵抗値が変化する第1サーミスタRth1と、
上記抵抗と並列に接続され、温度により抵抗値が変化する第2サーミスタRth2と
を備えたことを特徴とする。
The constant current circuit according to the above embodiment is a constant current circuit that supplies power to a load circuit.
A transistor Q1 having a base, an emitter and a collector;
A resistor R1 having one end connected to the base and the other end connected to the emitter;
A first thermistor Rth1 connected in parallel with the resistor, the resistance value of which varies with temperature;
A second thermistor Rth2 is provided which is connected in parallel with the resistor and whose resistance value varies with temperature.

上記第1サーミスタRth1は、低温ほど抵抗が大きく、
上記第2サーミスタRth2は、抵抗R1と第1サーミスタRth1との2素子の合成抵抗の値よりも、抵抗R1と第1サーミスタRth1と上記第2サーミスタRth2との3素子の合成抵抗の値が一定値になるような特性を有することを特徴とする。
The first thermistor Rth1 has a higher resistance at lower temperatures,
The second thermistor Rth2 has a constant value of the combined resistance of the three elements R1, R1 and Rth2, rather than the combined resistance of the two elements R1 and Rth1. It has a characteristic that becomes a value.

上記第1サーミスタRth1は、摂氏−20度〜+50度で、低温ほど抵抗が大きく、
上記第2サーミスタRth2は、摂氏−20度〜+50度で、上記3素子の合成抵抗の値を上記2素子の合成抵抗の値よりも一定値に近づけることを特徴とする。
The first thermistor Rth1 is -20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and the resistance increases as the temperature decreases.
The second thermistor Rth2 is -20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and is characterized in that the combined resistance value of the three elements is closer to a constant value than the combined resistance value of the two elements.

上記定電流回路は、さらに、上記エミッタと上記抵抗との間に上記抵抗と直列に接続され、温度により抵抗値が変化する第3サーミスタRth3を備えたことを特徴とする。   The constant current circuit further includes a third thermistor Rth3 connected in series with the resistor between the emitter and the resistor, the resistance value of which varies with temperature.

上記第3サーミスタRth3は、時間経過によって生じる負荷回路の変化を相殺する特性を有することを特徴とする。   The third thermistor Rth3 has a characteristic that cancels out a change in the load circuit caused by the passage of time.

また、発光ダイオード駆動定電流回路は、
上記定電流回路と、
上記定電流回路から電力の供給を受ける負荷回路とを備え、
上記負荷回路は、
トランジスタQ1のコレクタに接続されたベースと、トランジスタQ1のベースに接続されたエミッタと、コレクタとを有するトランジスタQ2と、
トランジスタQ2のコレクタに接続された発光ダイオードと
を備えたことを特徴とする。
In addition, the LED driving constant current circuit is
The constant current circuit;
A load circuit that receives power from the constant current circuit,
The load circuit is
A transistor Q2 having a base connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, an emitter connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and a collector;
And a light emitting diode connected to the collector of the transistor Q2.

上記発光ダイオードは、発光直後から次第に暗くなり所定時間後に一定の明るさになる特性を有し、
上記第3サーミスタRth3は、摂氏−20度〜+50度で、低温ほど抵抗が大きく、
上記第3サーミスタRth3は、上記3素子の合成抵抗と上記第3サーミスタRth3との4素子の合成抵抗を、発光直後から次第に小さくし前記所定時間後に一定に近づける特性を有することを特徴とする。
The light emitting diode has a characteristic that it becomes darker immediately after light emission and becomes constant brightness after a predetermined time,
The third thermistor Rth3 is −20 degrees to +50 degrees Celsius, and the resistance increases as the temperature decreases.
The third thermistor Rth3 has a characteristic that the combined resistance of the four elements of the three elements and the third thermistor Rth3 is gradually decreased immediately after the light emission, and approaches a constant value after the predetermined time.

1,2,3,4,5,6 LED、Rth1,Rth2,Rth3,Rth4,Rth5,Rth6 サーミスタ、Q1,Q2 トランジスタ、R1,R2 抵抗、GND 接地。   1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 LEDs, Rth1, Rth2, Rth3, Rth4, Rth5, Rth6 thermistors, Q1, Q2 transistors, R1, R2 resistors, GND ground.

Claims (3)

負荷回路に電力を供給する定電流回路であって、
電源に接続されたエミッタと前記負荷回路に接続されたベースおよびコレクタとを有したトランジスタと、
一端が前記ベースと接続され他端が前記エミッタと接続された抵抗と、
前記抵抗と並列に接続された第1サーミスタおよび第2サーミスタと
を備え、
前記第1サーミスタは、
温度変化に対応して抵抗値が変化するとともに、
温度変化に対する前記抵抗との合成抵抗の変化量が温度変化に対する前記抵抗の変化量より小さくなる特性を有し、
前記第2サーミスタは、
温度変化に対応して抵抗値が変化するとともに、
温度変化に対する前記抵抗および前記第1サーミスタとの合成抵抗の変化量が温度変化に対する前記抵抗および前記第1サーミスタの合成抵抗の変化量より一定値に近づく特性を有する定電流回路。
A constant current circuit for supplying power to a load circuit,
A transistor having an emitter connected to a power source and a base and a collector connected to the load circuit;
A resistor having one end connected to the base and the other end connected to the emitter;
A first thermistor and a second thermistor connected in parallel with the resistor;
The first thermistor is
As resistance changes in response to temperature changes,
The amount of change in the combined resistance with the resistance against temperature change is smaller than the amount of change in resistance against temperature change,
The second thermistor is
As resistance changes in response to temperature changes,
A constant current circuit having a characteristic that a change amount of the combined resistance of the resistor and the first thermistor with respect to a temperature change is closer to a constant value than a change amount of the combined resistance of the resistor and the first thermistor with respect to a temperature change.
前記トランジスタは、
低温でVEB電圧が低くなり高温でVEB電圧が高くなる温度特性を有した請求項1に記載の定電流回路。
The transistor is
The constant current circuit according to claim 1, wherein the constant current circuit has a temperature characteristic in which the VEB voltage decreases at a low temperature and the VEB voltage increases at a high temperature.
請求項1又は2に記載の定電流回路と、
前記定電流回路から電力の供給を受ける負荷回路とを備え、
前記負荷回路は、1以上の発光ダイオードを有する発光ダイオード駆動定電流回路。
A constant current circuit according to claim 1 or 2,
A load circuit that receives power from the constant current circuit,
The load circuit is a light emitting diode driving constant current circuit having one or more light emitting diodes.
JP2016017890A 2016-02-02 2016-02-02 Constant current circuit and light-emitting diode driving constant current circuit Pending JP2016106418A (en)

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