JP2016035243A - Hydraulic generating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydraulic generating equipment capable of performing installation and removal easily and a power generation properly even in the place where a sufficient head drop cannot be obtained for the power generation.SOLUTION: Hydraulic generation equipment comprises: a water lifting device having one or two or more water-turbine drive pumps; and a power generator. The water lifting device lifts a portion of water to a second height by making use of the hydraulic power of the water which has fallen with a first head drop from a first height. The power generator generates the electric power by making use of the hydraulic power of the water at the time when the lifted water falls down with a second head drop from the second height. The second height is higher than the first height, and the second head drop is larger than the first head drop.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that generates power using small hydropower.

  At present, nuclear power generation, thermal power generation, geothermal power generation, wind power generation, solar thermal power generation, hydroelectric power generation, and the like are known as power generation methods. And hydroelectric power generation uses the energy when water falls.

  In such hydroelectric power generation, the water level is first dammed to build a dam, and an artificial lake is built to raise the water level. Then, power is generated by driving the power generation device using the energy generated when water falls from a high place to a low place due to gravity.

  However, the dam for raising the water level was constructed by placing concrete in the mountainous area where the river flows and damming the river, so it could not be easily installed and removed. Thus, a small-scale hydroelectric generator that can be easily installed and removed has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The hydroelectric power generation device described in Patent Document 1 includes a dam plate installed in a water channel, a water intake formed in the dam plate, one end of which is connected to the water intake, and guides upstream water to the downstream side. A flow path, a water wheel installed in the flow path, and a generator connected to the water wheel. In the hydroelectric generator described in Patent Document 1, a head is generated by installing a weir plate in a water channel. Next, water flows downstream from the intake port formed in the barrier plate through the flow path. At this time, the water flowing through the flow path rotates the water turbine, so that the generator is driven to generate power.

JP 2001-153021 A

  As described above, in the hydroelectric power generation device described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to generate a sufficient drop in the barrier plate in order to generate power. For this reason, even if the water level is raised by the dam plate, the hydroelectric generator described in Patent Document 1 cannot appropriately generate power in a place where a sufficient drop for power generation cannot be obtained.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this point, Comprising: It is a hydroelectric power generator which generates electric power using small hydraulic power, Comprising: While installing and removing can be performed easily, sufficient head for power generation is made. An object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that can appropriately generate power even in a place where it cannot be obtained.

  The inventors of the present invention are sufficient to generate a part of water by using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the low head even in a place where an insufficient low head for power generation cannot be obtained. The present inventors have found that it is possible to generate power appropriately by pumping up to a high head, and have further studied to complete the present invention.

  That is, the present invention relates to the following hydroelectric generators.

[1] Having one or two or more water turbine drive pumps, and utilizing the hydraulic power of water dropped from the first height at the first head, a part of the water is more than the first height. Using a pumping device that pumps water to a high second height, and the hydropower of the water when the pumped water falls from the second height with a second head that is greater than the first head A hydroelectric generator having a power generator for generating power.
[2] The hydroelectric generator according to [1], wherein the pumping device includes a plurality of the water turbine drive pumps.
[3] The pumping device uses a hydraulic force of water that has fallen from the first height at the first head to make a part of the water a third height higher than the first height. Utilizing the hydraulic power of the first water turbine driving pump that pumps water and the water that has been pumped to the third height dropped from the third height with a third head that is larger than the first head And a second hydraulic turbine drive pump for pumping a part of the water dropped by the third head to the second height higher than the third height. .
[4] The hydroelectric generator according to [1], wherein the pumping device has one of the water turbine drive pumps.
[5] The hydroelectric generator according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the first drop is smaller than a minimum required for the power generator to generate electric power.
[6] The first head is 2 m or more and less than 6 m, the third head is 6 m or more and less than 80 m, and the second head is 80 m or more and 200 m or less. ] The hydroelectric generator as described in any one of.
[7] The hydroelectric generator according to [4], wherein the first head is 2 m or more and less than 6 m, and the second head is 6 m or more and 80 m or less.

  The hydroelectric power generator according to the present invention can be easily installed and removed, and can appropriately generate power even in a place where a sufficient head cannot be obtained for power generation. Therefore, the hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention can perform power generation by being arranged only at a required time in a required place.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the hydraulic-power conversion characteristics of the power generator according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hydroelectric generator according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the hydraulic-power conversion characteristics of the power generator according to Embodiment 2.

  Hereinafter, a hydraulic power generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The hydroelectric generator according to the present invention performs small hydroelectric generation of 1000 kW or less. For example, the hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention can function as a simple power plant in a region where electricity is not restored due to a large-scale blackout, and can supply electricity to surrounding dwellings. In the following embodiments, a case where the apparatus is installed in a river will be described. However, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to a flow path through which water flows. Examples of the flow path include general rivers, sabo dams, agricultural water, water supply, sewerage, factory circulation water, and industrial water.

[Embodiment 1]
In the first embodiment, a hydraulic power generation apparatus in which the pumping apparatus has one turbine drive pump will be described.

(Configuration of hydroelectric generator)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a hydroelectric generator 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroelectric power generation device 100 according to the present embodiment includes a bag-like dam body 110 that dams water flowing in a river, and water upstream of the river from the dam body 110 from the dam body 110. A water supply channel 120 for sending to the downstream side of the river, a pumping device 130 provided on the downstream side of the river from the weir body 110, a first water conduit 140 for guiding water from the water supply channel 120 to the pumping device 130, and a pumping device 130 The power generation device 150 is further provided on the downstream side of the river, and the second water conduit 160 that guides water pumped from the pumping device 130 to the power generation device 150. In the present embodiment, the pumping device 130 has one water turbine drive pump 131.

  This hydroelectric power generation device 100 dams a river with the weir body 110 and raises the water level to the first height h1. Next, using only the hydraulic power of the water dropped at the first drop from the first height h1, a part of the water is pumped to the second height h2 by the pumping device 130. Next, power is generated by the power generation device 150 by dropping the water at the second height h2 with the second drop. The second height h2 is higher than the first height h1, and the second head is larger than the first head. Here, “drop from the first height h1 with the first drop” means that the water level (A) before dropping and the water turbine drive pump 131 after dropping flows into the water turbine drive pump 131 as shown in FIG. This means that the water is moved by the water level difference from the water level (B). Further, “drop from the second height h2 with a second drop” means that the level of the pumped water before the fall (C) and the level of the water when flowing into the power generator 150 after the fall ( It means that water is moved by the difference in water level from D). Further, the first head is a total between A and B that can substantially contribute to pumping by the water turbine drive pump 131 when pumping water using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the first height h1. This means the effective head minus the head of loss. In addition, the second head is a total head between C and D that can substantially contribute to power generation by the power generation device 150 when power is generated using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the second height h2. This means the effective head minus the loss head. Examples of loss heads include losses due to river gradients and conduit friction.

  The dam body 110 dams the river and raises the water level to the first height h1. The weir body 110 is formed in a bag shape, and an air hole for introducing air into the inside is formed. An upstream end 121 (water intake) of the water supply channel 120 is formed on the upstream surface of the weir body 110. Further, a downstream end 122 of the water supply passage 120 is formed on the downstream surface of the weir body 110. The first height h1 is higher than a minimum height required for a water turbine drive pump 131, which will be described later, to pump water dropped from the first height h1 by the first drop to the second height h2. There is no particular limitation. The first head may be smaller or larger than the head necessary for the power generation apparatus 150 to generate power. For example, the first drop is 2 m or more and less than 6 m.

  The weir body 110 expands and functions as a weir by introducing air into the inside through an air hole. Conversely, the weir body 110 contracts by extracting air from the inside through the air holes. The position at which the air hole is formed is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed at the end of the weir body 110 in the width direction. Thereby, the weir body 110 can easily send air into the inside from the riverbank.

  The number of air holes is not particularly limited, and one air hole may be formed at one end in the width direction or one at each end in the width direction. Moreover, you may form in multiple numbers at the both ends of the width direction. If many air holes are formed, the time for installing and removing the weir body 110 can be shortened.

  A method for introducing air into the weir body 110 is not particularly limited. Examples of the method of putting air into the weir body 110 include a method of putting air with a blower and a method of putting air with a pump. Thereby, the weir body 110 is expanded by a simple device, and can be easily installed in the river.

  The amount of air that enters the weir body 110 is not particularly limited. If a large amount of air is introduced into the weir body 110, the first height h1 (water level) can be increased, and as a result, the amount of power generation can be increased. On the contrary, if the amount of air is reduced, the first height h1 (water level) is lowered, so that the amount of power generation is reduced. That is, the amount of power generation can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of air inside the weir body 110.

  The method of extracting air from the weir body 110 is not particularly limited, and includes a method of opening an air hole and a method of suctioning with a suction pump. Moreover, you may use together opening of an air hole, and suction with a suction pump. When the air hole is opened, the river water flows so as to crush the weir body 110, so that the air can be efficiently extracted from the weir body 110. Moreover, air can be completely extracted from the inside of the weir body 110 by using the suction by the suction pump together. When removing it, it can be easily removed from the river by lifting it with a chain block.

  The shape of the expanded weir body 110 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately designed according to the shape of the river to be installed. For example, when the cross-sectional shape in the width direction of the river is trapezoidal, the expanded weir body 110 may be formed to have a trapezoidal columnar shape. Alternatively, when the cross-sectional shape in the width direction of the river is a semicircular shape, the expanded weir body 110 may be formed in a semi-cylindrical shape.

  The length of the weir body 110 in the water flow direction is not particularly limited as long as it can dam the river. The length can be appropriately set according to the flow rate and flow velocity of the river water.

  It is preferable that the cross-sectional area of the weir body 110 is formed larger than the cross-sectional area of the river. If the cross-sectional area of the weir body 110 is formed larger than the cross-sectional area of the river, the weir body 110 becomes larger than the shape of the river. Therefore, when air is introduced into the weir body 110, the weir body 110 expands so as to press the bottom and side surfaces of the river. Thereby, it is possible to dam the river without fixing the weir body 110 with a pile or the like.

  Further, a weight (not shown) may be placed on the bottom surface inside the weir body 110 along the water flow direction. Due to the weight, when the weir body 110 is installed, the weir body 110 is submerged in the water surface, so that the weir body 110 can be appropriately expanded and the river can be blocked. In addition, the weir body 110 is not washed away by river water during removal. On the other hand, when there is no weight, the weir body 110 floats in the river when installing, and there is a possibility that it cannot be installed properly.

  The material of the weir body 110 is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of a rubberized cloth from the viewpoint of durability and impact resistance. The rubberized cloth has rubber and a base cloth. The type of rubber is not particularly limited and includes chloroprene rubber, EPDM elastomer, polyurethane and the like. Moreover, the kind of base fabric is not specifically limited, A cotton woven fabric, a nylon plain woven fabric, a polyester plain woven fabric etc. are contained. Further, the thickness of the rubberized cloth and the number of plies are not particularly limited, and the thickness may be about 2 to 15 mm, and the number of plies may be about 1 to 3.

  The water supply channel 120 sends water upstream of the river from the weir body 110 to the downstream of the river. In the water supply channel 120, the upstream end port 121 is formed on the upstream surface of the weir body 110, and the downstream end port 122 is formed on the downstream surface of the weir body 110. That is, the water supply path 120 is formed so as to penetrate the weir body 110 in the water flow direction. The downstream end port 122 of the water supply channel 120 is connected to the first upstream port 141 of the first water conduit 140 via the first connection joint 123.

  The positions of the upstream end port 121 and the downstream end port 122 of the water supply channel 120 in the weir body 110 are not particularly limited. For example, the center positions of the upstream end port 121 and the downstream end port 122 may be about 3/4 from the lower end when the height of the weir body 110 is “1”. Thereby, for example, even when timber or the like flows into a river due to flooding or the like, only water flows into the pumping device 130 (water turbine drive pump 131) and the power generation device 150 on the downstream side. 130 and the power generation apparatus 150 do not fail.

  The diameter of the water supply path 120 is not particularly limited as long as the pumping device 130 (water turbine drive pump 131) can be driven. The diameter of the water supply channel 120 may be the same thickness from the upstream end port 121 to the downstream end port 122, the diameter of the upstream end port 121 may be smaller than the diameter of the downstream end port 122, or the diameter of the downstream end port 122 may be the upstream end port 121. It may be smaller than the diameter. From the viewpoint of increasing the pumping height and pumping amount by the pumping device 130 (water turbine drive pump 131), it is preferable that the diameter of the water supply channel 120 is a diameter that maximizes the amount of water to the pumping device 130. The diameter of the water supply channel 120 can be appropriately designed according to the amount of water and the flow velocity of the river. It should be noted that a dust net or the like may be attached to the upstream end 121 of the water channel 120 in order to prevent dust from entering the water channel 120.

  The pumping device 130 pumps a part of the water to the second height h2 by using the hydraulic power of the water that has dropped from the first height h1 at the first drop. In the present embodiment, the pumping device 130 has one water turbine drive pump 131. The pumping device 130 is provided on the downstream side of the river from the weir body 110 and is disposed at a position lower than the water supply channel 120. The water dropped from the first height h1 turns the water wheel of the water wheel drive pump 131, and the water wheel drive pump 131 is driven. In addition, the second height h2 is higher than the first height h1 and higher than a minimum height required for power generation using the water power of the power generation device 150. The second head is, for example, 6 m or more and 80 m or less.

  The type of the water turbine drive pump 131 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. The water turbine drive pump 131 has a water wheel and a pump connected to the water wheel. Examples of pumps connected to the water wheel include centrifugal pumps, multistage pumps, axial flow pumps, mixed flow pumps, and the like. The first drain port 132 of the water turbine drive pump 131 communicates with the outside. The water that has not been pumped is drained from the first drain 132 into the river.

  The first water conduit 140 guides water from the water supply passage 120 to the pumping device 130 (water turbine drive pump 131). More specifically, the first water conduit 140 guides water from the water supply passage 120 to the water turbine of the water turbine drive pump 131. The first water conduit 140 connects the downstream end port 122 of the water supply channel 120 and the first inlet 133 of the water turbine drive pump 131. The first upstream port 141 of the first water conduit 140 is connected to the downstream end port 122 of the water supply channel 120 via the first connection joint 123. Further, as described above, the first downstream port 142 of the first water conduit 140 is connected to the first inlet 133 of the water turbine drive pump 131 via the second connection joint 135. Thereby, while being able to assemble the hydroelectric generator 100 easily, the loss of the water sent to the water turbine drive pump 131 can be eliminated.

  The first upstream port 141 and the first downstream port 142 of the first water conduit 140 are formed in the same shape. That is, the downstream end 122 of the water supply passage 120 and the first inlet 133 of the water turbine drive pump 131 are formed in the same shape. Thereby, when assembling the hydroelectric generator 100, the connection direction of the 1st water conduit 140 is not mistaken.

  Although the material of the 1st water conduit 140 is not specifically limited, From a durable and impact-resistant viewpoint, it is preferable that it is comprised with the rubberized cloth. As described above, the rubberized cloth has rubber and a base cloth. The material of the rubber is not particularly limited and includes chloroprene rubber, EPDM elastomer, polyurethane and the like. Moreover, the raw material of a base fabric is not specifically limited, A cotton woven fabric, a nylon plain woven fabric, a polyester plain woven fabric etc. are contained. Further, the thickness of the rubberized cloth and the number of plies are not particularly limited, and the thickness may be about 2 to 15 mm, and the number of plies may be about 1 to 3.

  The downstream end port 122 of the water supply channel 120 and the first upstream port 141 of the first water conduit 140 may be bonded together. That is, the weir body 110 and the water conduit 140 may be integrally formed. Thereby, the hydroelectric generator 100 can be further easily assembled, and the components of the hydroelectric generator 100 can be reduced.

  The power generation device 150 generates power using the hydraulic power of the water when the water pumped by the pumping device 130 (the turbine drive pump 131) falls from the second height h2 with a second drop. Thereby, the electric power generating apparatus 150 converts hydraulic power into electric power. The power generation device 150 is provided on the downstream side of the river from the pumping device 130. The type of power generation device 150 is not particularly limited as long as it can generate power by hydropower. The power generation device 150 includes a power generation device having a turbine and a generator connected to the turbine. Examples of such types of the power generation device 150 include a Francis type, a propeller type, a tubular type, a Pelton type, a targo type, a cross flow type, and an open wheel type. The type of the power generation device 150 can be appropriately selected according to the flow rate and the second drop. The power generation device 150 is supported by a support base 151 from the viewpoint of preventing leakage.

  The second inflow port 152 of the power generation device 150 is connected to the second downstream port 162 of the second water conduit 160 via the third connection joint 154. In the case of the power generation device 150 as described above, the second downstream port 162 of the second water conduit 160 is connected to the turbine. The second drainage port 153 of the power generation device 150 communicates with the outside. The water used for power generation is drained from the second drainage port 153 to the river. At this time, the water level of the river can be kept constant by setting the amount of water pumped by the water turbine drive pump 131 and the amount of water discharged from the second drain port 153 of the power generation device 150 to the same level.

  The second water conduit 160 guides the water pumped to the second height h2 by the pumping device 130 (water turbine drive pump 131) to the power generation device 150. The second water conduit 160 connects the pumping port 134 of the water turbine drive pump 131 and the second inlet 152 of the power generator 150. The second upstream port 161 of the second water conduit 160 is connected to the pumping port 134 of the water turbine drive pump 131 via the fourth connection joint 136. In addition, as described above, the second downstream port 162 of the second water conduit 160 is connected to the second inlet 152 of the power generator 150 via the third connection joint 154.

  If the water pumped up to the second height h2 by the pumping device 130 (the water turbine drive pump 131) can be guided to the power generation device 150 (the level of the water guided to the power generation device 150 is the first level). If it can be set to 2 height h2, it will not be specifically limited. In the present embodiment, the second water conduit 160 has a pumping pipe 163 that guides water pumped by the water turbine drive pump 131 to the second height h2, and water that is guided to the second height h2 and dropped. It has a water tower 164 for temporarily storing, and a water conduit 165 for guiding the water in the water tower 164 to the power generation device 150.

  The pumping pipe 163 guides the water pumped by the water turbine drive pump 131 to the second height h2. By changing the height of the pumping pipe 163, the second height h2 can be adjusted, and the amount of power generation can be adjusted. The lower opening 163a of the pumping pipe 163 (the second upstream port 161 of the second water conduit 160) is connected to the pumping port 134 of the water turbine drive pump 131 via the fourth connection joint 136. Further, the upper opening 163 b of the pumping pipe 163 is connected to the third inlet 164 a of the water tower 164 through a fifth connection joint 166.

  The diameter of the pumping pipe 163 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. The diameter of the pumping pipe 163 can be appropriately designed according to the amount of water and the flow velocity of the river. Moreover, the raw material of the pumping pipe 163 is not specifically limited. For example, the pump pipe 163 is made of the same material as the first water conduit 140.

  The water tower 164 temporarily stores the water pumped through the pumping pipe 163. The water level of the stored water corresponds to the second height h2. In the present embodiment, the water tower 164 has two openings at different positions in the height direction. The two openings include a third inflow port 164a and a third drain port 164b. The third inflow port 164a is disposed upstream and above the third drain port 164b. The third inflow port 164a is connected to the upper opening 163b of the water pumping pipe 163 via a fifth connection joint 166. The third drain outlet 164b is connected to the fourth inflow port 165a of the water conduit 165 via the sixth connection joint 167. Thereby, while being able to assemble the 2nd water conduit 160 easily, the loss of the water which passes along the 2nd water conduit 160 can be eliminated. The upper part of the water tower 164 is open to the outside.

  Moreover, the water tower 164 may further have a plurality of openable / closable openings (not shown) at different positions in the height direction. By changing the pumping pipe 163 to an opening having a different height in accordance with a change in the flow rate of the river, etc., the second height h2 can be adjusted to easily adjust the power generation amount.

  The shape and height of the water tower 164 are not particularly limited as long as the above functions can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the shape of the water tower 164 is a cylindrical shape. The height of the water tower 164 can be appropriately set according to the second height h2.

  The diameter of the water tower 164 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. The diameter of the water tower 164 can be appropriately designed according to the amount of water to be pumped and the flow velocity. Further, the material of the water tower 164 is not particularly limited. Examples of the material of the water tower 164 include stainless steel.

  The water conduit 165 guides the water in the water tower 164 to the power generation device 150. The fourth inflow port 165 a of the water conduit 165 is connected to the third drain port 164 b of the water tower 164 through a sixth connection joint 167. The fourth drainage port 165b of the water conduit 165 (the second downstream port 162 of the second water conduit 160) is connected to the second inlet 152 of the power generation device 150 via the third connection joint 154. Thereby, while being able to assemble the hydroelectric generator 100 easily, the loss of the water sent to the power generator 150 can be eliminated.

  The diameter of the water conduit 165 is not particularly limited as long as the above function can be exhibited. The diameter of the water conduit 165 can be appropriately designed according to the amount and flow rate of the pumped water. Further, the material of the water conduit 165 is not particularly limited. For example, the water conduit 165 is made of the same material as the first water conduit 140.

  In addition, the 2nd water conduit 160 may have the water discharge pipe for discharging the water pumped up excessively with the water turbine drive pump 131 separately. Thereby, the amount of water flowing into the power generation device 150 is adjusted, and the power generation amount can be adjusted.

  As described above, the hydroelectric generator 100 according to the present embodiment has a simple configuration. Therefore, installation, removal, and maintenance of the hydroelectric generator 100 are easy.

(Hydraulic power generation characteristics of hydroelectric generators)
Next, the hydroelectric generation characteristics of the hydroelectric generator 100 used in this embodiment will be described. First, the power generation apparatus 150 used in this embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, a power generation device having an underwater turbine and a generator is used as the power generation device 150. FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of the hydraulic-power conversion characteristics of the power generation device 150. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the flow rate of water (m ³ / s), and the vertical axis represents the effective head (m) of water. A solid line indicates a range of flow rate and a range of effective head applicable to power generation by the power generation apparatus 150 including the underwater turbine and the generator. Moreover, the broken line has shown the relationship between a water flow and an effective head, and the electric power generation amount by the electric power generating apparatus 150. FIG.

From FIG. 2, the power generation device 150 has a flow rate in the range of 0.40 to 10.00 (m ³ / s) and an effective head in the range of 2.8 to 20.0 (m) (solid line). It can be seen that electric power of 10 to 500 (kW) can be generated.

On the other hand, even when the flow rate of water is sufficient for power generation (0.40 to 10.00 (m ³ / s)), the power generation device 150 has an insufficient effective head (2.8 m). It can also be seen that when it is smaller, it cannot generate power (for example, see point A in FIG. 2). Therefore, in the hydroelectric generator 100 according to the present embodiment, the water turbine drive pump 131 of the pumping device 130 pumps a part of the river water from the first height h1 to the second height h2. Thereby, although the flow rate of water used for power generation decreases, the effective head required for power generation increases (see point B in FIG. 2). As a result, the hydroelectric power generation device 100 can appropriately generate power. At this time, the water turbine drive pump 131 is driven only by the hydraulic power of the water falling from the first height h1 at the first drop. For this reason, the hydroelectric generator 100 can pump water and obtain a head required for power generation without supplying energy from fossil fuel or electricity from the outside.

  In the hydroelectric power generation device 100 according to the present embodiment, the water turbine drive pump 131 of the pumping device 130 is driven using only the hydraulic power of water, so there is no need to separately supply energy from the outside. For this reason, the hydroelectric power generation device 100 according to the present embodiment can appropriately generate power using only hydropower even in a place where an insufficient drop for power generation cannot be obtained. Further, as described above, in the hydroelectric power generation device 100 according to the present embodiment, since the water amount and the effective head can be adjusted, the range of selection of the power generation device 150 can be widened.

(effect)
As described above, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus 100 according to this embodiment can 1) easily dam the river and 2) can be easily installed and removed. In addition, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is 3) a place where it is not necessary to separately supply energy by fossil fuel or electricity for pumping, and 4) a place where a sufficient head for power generation cannot be obtained. Even if it is, it can arrange | position a hydroelectric generator only in the required place, and can perform hydroelectric power generation.

[Embodiment 2]
In the second embodiment, a hydroelectric generator having a pumping device having two turbine drive pumps will be described.

(Configuration of hydroelectric generator)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the hydroelectric generator 200 according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the hydroelectric power generation device 200 according to the present embodiment includes a weir body 110, a water supply channel 120, a pumping device 230 provided on the downstream side of the river from the weir body 110, and the water supply channel 120. The first water conduit 140 that guides the water from the pump to the first water turbine drive pump 131, the power generation device 150 that is provided on the downstream side of the river from the pumping device 230, and the water pumped from the pumping device 230 is guided to the power generation device 150. And a second water conduit 160. In the present embodiment, the pumping device 230 includes two water turbine drive pumps (a first water turbine drive pump 131 and a second water turbine drive pump 231) and water pumped from the first water turbine drive pump 131. And a third water conduit 260 leading to H.231. In addition, about the same component as the hydraulic power unit 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The hydroelectric generator 200 according to Embodiment 2 raises the water level to the first height h1 by the weir body 110. Next, using only the hydraulic power of the water dropped at the first drop from the first height h1, a part of the water is pumped to the second height h2 by the pumping device 230. Specifically, using only the hydraulic power of the water dropped at the first drop from the first height h1, a part of the water is pumped to the third height h3 by the first water turbine drive pump 131. . Next, using only the hydraulic power of the water dropped at the third drop from the water at the third height h3, a part of the water is pumped to the second height h2 by the second turbine drive pump 231. . Next, power is generated by the power generation device 150 by dropping the water at the second height h2 with the second drop. The second height h2 is higher than the third height h3, and the third height h3 is higher than the first height h1. The second head is larger than the third head, and the third head is larger than the first head. Here, in the present embodiment, “drop from the first height h1 with the first head” means that the water level (A) before the drop and the water level after the drop, as shown in FIG. It means that the water is moved by the difference in water level from the water level (B) when flowing into the first water turbine drive pump 131. Further, “drop from the third height h3 with a third drop” means the water level (C) of the pumped water before the fall and the water when flowing into the second turbine drive pump 231 after the fall. This means that the water is moved by the difference in water level from the water level (D). In addition, “drop from the second height h2 with a second drop” means that the water level (E) of the water pumped by the second water turbine drive pump 231 before the drop and the power generator 150 after the drop flows This means that the water is moved by the water level difference from the water level (F). Further, the first head is a distance between A and B that can substantially contribute to pumping by the first water turbine drive pump 131 when pumping water using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the first height h1. It means the effective head minus the head of loss from the total head. Further, the third head is a distance between C and D that can substantially contribute to pumping by the second water turbine drive pump 231 when pumping water using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the third height h3. It means the effective head minus the head of loss from the total head. Furthermore, the second head is a total head between E and F that can substantially contribute to power generation by the power generation device 150 when power is generated using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the second height h2. This means the effective head minus the loss head.

  The first hydraulic turbine drive pump 131 is implemented except that the water that has fallen at the first drop from the first height h1 is used to pump a part of the water to the third height h3. Since this is the same as the water turbine drive pump 131 in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the first drop is, for example, not less than 2 m and less than 6 m.

  The second water turbine drive pump 231 uses the hydraulic power of the water dropped at the third head from the third height h3 to pump a part of the water dropped from the third head to the second height h2. To do. The third head is, for example, 6 m or more and less than 80 m. The second turbine drive pump 231 is provided on the downstream side of the river from the first turbine drive pump 131. The kind of 2nd water turbine drive pump 231 will not be specifically limited if said function can be exhibited. The kind of the 2nd water turbine drive pump 231 is the same as the 1st water wheel drive pump 131, for example. The fifth drain port 232 of the second water turbine drive pump 231 communicates with the outside. Water that has not been pumped by the second water turbine drive pump 231 is drained from the fifth drain port 232 into the river.

  The third water conduit 260 guides the water pumped to the third height h <b> 3 by the first turbine drive pump 131 to the second turbine drive pump 231. The third water conduit 260 connects the first pumping port 134 of the first turbine driving pump 131 and the fifth inlet 233 of the second turbine driving pump 231. The third downstream port 262 of the third water conduit 260 is connected to the fifth inlet 233 of the second water turbine drive pump 231 via the seventh connection joint 235. The third upstream port 261 of the third water conduit 260 is connected to the first pumping port 134 of the first water turbine drive pump 131 via the fourth connection joint 136. The third downstream port 262 of the third water conduit 260 is connected to the fifth inlet 233 of the second water turbine drive pump 231 via the eighth connection joint 236.

  The configuration of the third water conduit 260 is such that the water pumped to the third height h3 by the first turbine drive pump 131 can be guided to the second turbine drive pump 231 (the water guided to the second turbine drive pump 231). There is no particular limitation as long as the water level can be set to the third height h3. In the present embodiment, the second pumping pipe 263, the second water tower 264 for temporarily storing the water to be dropped and led to the third height h3, and the water in the second water tower 264 are supplied to the second water tower 264. And a second water conduit 265 for guiding to the water turbine drive pump 231.

  The second pumping pipe 263 guides the water pumped by the first turbine drive pump 131 to the third height h3. The power generation amount can be adjusted by adjusting the third height h3 by changing the height of the second pumping pipe 263. The second lower opening 263a of the second pumping pipe 263 (the third upstream port 261 of the third water conduit 260) is connected to the first pumping port 134 of the first water turbine drive pump 131 and the fourth connection joint 136. It is connected. The second upper opening 263 b of the second pumping pipe 263 is connected to the sixth inlet 264 a of the second water tower 264 via the ninth connection joint 266.

  The diameter of the 2nd pumping pipe 263 will not be specifically limited if said function can be exhibited. The diameter of the second pumping pipe 263 can be appropriately designed according to the amount of water and the flow velocity of the river. Moreover, the raw material of the 2nd pumping pipe 263 is not specifically limited. For example, the second pumping pipe 263 is made of the same material as the first water conduit 140.

  The second water tower 264 temporarily stores the water pumped through the second pumping pipe 263. The water level of the stored water corresponds to the third height h3. In the present embodiment, the second water tower 264 has two openings at different positions in the height direction. The two openings include a sixth inflow port 264a and a sixth drain port 264b. The sixth inflow port 264a is disposed upstream and above the sixth drain port 264b. As described above, the sixth inflow port 264a is connected to the second upper opening 263b of the second pumping pipe 263 via the ninth connection joint 266. Further, the sixth drainage port 264b is connected to the seventh inflow port 265a of the second water conduit 265 via the tenth connection joint 267. Thereby, while being able to assemble the 3rd water conduit 260 easily, the loss of the water which passes along the 3rd water conduit 260 can be eliminated. The upper part of the second water tower 264 opens to the outside.

  The second water tower 264 may further have a plurality of openable / closable openings (not shown) at different positions in the height direction. By changing the second pumping pipe 263 to an opening having a different height according to a change in the flow rate of the river, etc., the third height h3 can be adjusted to easily adjust the power generation amount.

  The shape and height of the 2nd water tower 264 will not be specifically limited if said function can be exhibited. In the present embodiment, the shape of the second water tower 264 is a cylindrical shape. The height of the second water tower 264 can be appropriately set according to the third height h3.

  The diameter of the 2nd water tower 264 will not be specifically limited if said function can be exhibited. The diameter of the second water tower 264 can be appropriately designed according to the amount of water to be pumped and the flow velocity. Further, the material of the second water tower 264 is not particularly limited. Examples of the material of the second water tower 264 include stainless steel.

  The second water conduit 265 guides the water in the second water tower 264 to the second water turbine drive pump 231. The seventh inlet 265 a of the second conduit 265 is connected to the sixth drain 264 b of the second water tower 264 via the tenth connection joint 267. The seventh drainage port 265b of the second water conduit 265 (the third downstream port 262 of the third water conduit 260) is connected to the fifth inlet 233 of the second water turbine drive pump 231 and the seventh connection joint 235. It is connected. Thereby, while being able to assemble the hydroelectric generator 200 easily, the loss of the water sent to the 2nd water turbine drive pump 231 can be eliminated.

  The diameter of the 2nd water conduit 265 will not be specifically limited if said function can be exhibited. The diameter of the second water conduit 265 can be appropriately designed according to the amount and flow rate of the pumped water. Further, the material of the second water conduit 265 is not particularly limited. For example, the second water conduit 265 is made of the same material as the first water conduit 140.

  In addition, the 3rd water conduit 260 may have the water discharge pipe for discharging the water excessively pumped by the 1st water turbine drive pump 131 separately. Thereby, the amount of water flowing into the second water turbine drive pump 231 can be adjusted, and the power generation amount can be adjusted.

  In the present embodiment, the power generation device 150 generates power using the water power of the water when the water pumped by the second water turbine drive pump 231 falls from the second height h2 with the second drop. Since other than that is the same as the power generation device 150 of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the second head is, for example, not less than 80 m and not more than 200 m.

  In the present embodiment, the second water conduit 160 is connected to the second pumping port 234 of the second water turbine drive pump 231 and the second inlet 152 of the power generation device 150, except for the second conduit. Since it is the same as the water channel 160, the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As described above, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment can pump river water in two stages and obtain a sufficient head for power generation. Therefore, the hydroelectric generator 200 can generate electric power appropriately.

(Hydraulic power generation characteristics of hydroelectric generators)
Next, the hydroelectric power generation characteristics of the hydroelectric generator 200 used in the present embodiment will be described. First, the power generation apparatus 150 used in this embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, a power generation device having a crossflow turbine and a generator is used as the power generation device 150. FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating an example of the hydropower-power conversion characteristics of the power generation device 150. In FIG. 4, the horizontal axis indicates the flow rate of water (m ³ / s), and the vertical axis indicates the effective drop (m) of water. A solid line indicates a flow rate range and an effective head range that can be applied to power generation by the power generation device 150 including a cross-flow turbine and a generator. Moreover, the broken line has shown the relationship between a water flow and an effective head, and the electric power generation amount by the electric power generating apparatus 150. FIG.

From FIG. 4, this power generator 150 has a flow rate in the range of 0.10 to 8.00 (m ³ / s) and an effective head in the range of 5.0 to 200.0 (m) (solid line). It can be seen that 10 to 1000 (kW) of power can be generated.

On the other hand, even if the flow rate of water is sufficient for power generation (0.10 to 8.00 (m ³ / s)), the power generation device 150 has an insufficient effective head (5.0 m). It can also be seen that power generation is not possible when the value is smaller (for example, see point A in FIG. 4). Therefore, in the hydroelectric generator 200 according to the present embodiment, the first water turbine drive pump 131 pumps a part of the river water from the first height h1 to the third height h3. As a result, the flow rate of water used for power generation decreases, but the effective head increases (see point B in FIG. 4). Furthermore, in the hydroelectric generator 200 according to the present embodiment, the second turbine drive pump 231 causes a part of the water pumped by the first turbine drive pump 131 from the third height h3 to the second height h2. Pump up the water. Thereby, although the flow rate of water used for power generation further decreases, the effective head necessary for power generation further increases (see point C in FIG. 4). In the hydroelectric power generation device 200, even when the water drop in the river is small, a sufficient height for driving the second turbine drive pump 231 by the first turbine drive pump 131 can be obtained in advance. For this reason, the hydraulic power generation apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment can sufficiently obtain a head required for power generation by the second water turbine drive pump 231 and can appropriately generate power.

(effect)
As described above, the hydroelectric generator 200 according to the present embodiment can generate electric power with a further sufficient head in addition to the effects of the hydroelectric generator 100 according to the first embodiment.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which air is introduced into the weir body 110 and expanded is shown. However, fluid other than air may be put into the weir body 110 as long as the weir body 110 can be expanded. For example, a gas other than air or a liquid such as water may be placed in the weir body 110.

  In each of the above embodiments, the hydroelectric generators 100 and 200 having the weir body 110 have been described. However, the hydroelectric generator according to the present invention may form a head required for pumping by means other than the weir body 110. . For example, the head may be formed by a dam such as concrete. Alternatively, in a river or the like where a hydroelectric generator is installed, the weir body may not be provided as long as there is a step having a head necessary for pumping by the water turbine drive pump.

  In the first embodiment, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus 100 including the water tower 164 has been described. However, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention may not include the water tower 164. In this case, the pumped water flows directly into the power generation device 150 from the second inlet 152.

  Moreover, although the said 2nd Embodiment demonstrated the hydroelectric generator 200 which has the 2nd water tower 264, the hydroelectric generator which concerns on this invention does not need to have the 2nd water tower 264. In this case, the second upper opening 263b of the second pumping pipe 263 is directly connected to the seventh inlet 265a of the second water conduit 265.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, the case where the water which flows through a river was pumped in one step or two steps was demonstrated. However, the hydroelectric generator according to the present invention may pump water in three or more stages. In this case, the pumping device has three or more turbine drive pumps.

  Moreover, the water supply path 120 and the 1st water conduit 140 may be combined. Specifically, the upstream end port 121 is formed above the upstream surface of the weir body 110, and the downstream end port 122 is formed below the downstream surface of the weir body 110. Then, the downstream end port 122 is connected to the first inlet 133 of the (first) water turbine drive pump 131. Thereby, the component of an apparatus can be reduced.

  The hydroelectric generator according to the present invention can be easily installed in a flow path of water such as a river and can be removed, so that it is useful as a power generator for small hydropower generation. For example, the hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention functions as a simple power plant in an area where a large-scale power failure occurs and electricity is not restored. If the power generation amount is 1000 kW or less, the hydroelectric power generation device according to the present invention can flow electricity to the wiring of the power pole as it is, and can supply electricity to the surrounding dwelling.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100, 200 Hydroelectric power generation device 110 Weir body 120 Water supply path 121 Upstream end port 122 Downstream end port 123 1st connection joint 130, 230 Pumping device 131 (1st) Waterwheel drive pump 132 1st drainage port 133 1st inflow port 134 (1st ) Pumping port 135 Second connection joint 136 Fourth connection joint 140 First water conduit 141 First upstream port 142 First downstream port 150 Power generation device 151 Support base 152 Second inlet 153 Second drainage port 154 Third connection joint 160 Second water conduit 161 Second upstream port 162 Second downstream port 163 Pumped pipe 163a Lower side opening 163b Upper side opening 164 Water tower 164a Third inlet 164b Third drain 165 Water conduit 165a Fourth inlet 165b Fourth Drain port 166 Fifth connection joint 167 Fifth connection join 231 Second water turbine drive pump 232 Fifth drain 233 Fifth inlet 234 Second pumping port 235 Seventh connection joint 236 Eighth connection joint 260 Third waterway 261 Third upstream port 262 Third downstream port 263 Second pumping water Pipe 263a Second lower side opening 263b Second upper side opening 264 Second water tower 264a Sixth inlet 264b Sixth drain 265 Second second conduit 265a Seventh inlet 265b Seventh drain 266 Ninth connection joint 267 10th connection joint h1 1st height h2 2nd height h3 3rd height

Claims (7)

A second pump that has one or more water turbine drive pumps and uses a hydraulic force of water dropped from a first height at a first head to make a part of the water higher than the first height; A pumping device for pumping to a height of
A power generation device that generates electric power using the hydraulic power of the water when the pumped water falls from the second height with a second head greater than the first head;
A hydroelectric generator.   The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the pumping device has a plurality of the water turbine drive pumps. The pumping device is
A first water turbine drive pump for pumping a part of the water to a third height higher than the first height by utilizing the hydraulic power of the water dropped at the first head from the first height; ,
The water pumped to the third height is dropped at the third head using the hydraulic power of water dropped from the third height at a third head greater than the first head. A second turbine drive pump for pumping a portion of the water to the second height higher than the third height;
The hydroelectric power generator according to claim 2, comprising:   The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the pumping device has one of the water turbine drive pumps.   The hydroelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first head is smaller than a head required at least for generating power by the power generator. The first drop is 2 m or more and less than 6 m,
The third head is 6 m or more and less than 80 m,
The second head is 80 m or more and 200 m or less,
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 3. The first drop is 2 m or more and less than 6 m,
The second head is 6 m or more and 80 m or less,
The hydroelectric generator according to claim 4.

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