JP2015513648A - Device for recovering lubricating oil from planetary reduction gear unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A planetary gear unit (11) capable of rotating around a rotation axis as a planetary reduction gear unit, and a planet gear (16) driven by the planetary gear and supported by a planet carrier (13). A planet pinion (12) that is movable, the planet pinion rolls on a stationary ring gear (14), and the planet carrier is positioned axially laterally with respect to the ring gear and the planet pinion (12) The gear formed by the ring gear (14) is a planetary reduction gear device formed so that its lubricating oil is ejected in the axial direction after use, and the planet carrier (13) faces the gear. Positioned, the oil is guided there to be ejected from its radial end by centrifugal action And forming a unit, the planetary reduction gear device.

Description

  The field of the invention is that of aircraft propulsion, and more specifically that of bypass turbojet engines or turbofans having a high bypass ratio.

  State-of-the-art turbine engines are traditionally manufactured in the form of modular assemblies that can include fixed and movable parts. A module is a sub-assembly of a turbine engine and has geometric features that are sufficiently accurate to allow it to be provided individually in the area of its border with adjacent modules Is defined as a sub-assembly that is exposed to a specific balancing action when it is equipped with a component that does so. The assembly of the modules allows a complete engine to be produced in which the balanced operation and mating of the boundary components is maximally reduced.

  The turbofan comprises a plurality of compressor stages, in particular a low-pressure compressor (BP) and a high-pressure compressor (HP) belonging to the main body of the engine. Upstream of the low pressure compressor is a large supply that supplies both the primary flow that passes through the BP and HP compressors and the secondary flow that is directed directly towards the cold flow, or the cold flow tube called the secondary tube. Wheels with movable vanes or fans are arranged. The fan is driven by the rotating shaft of the BP main body and generally rotates at the same speed. However, it may be advantageous to rotate the fan at a lower rotational speed than the speed of the BP shaft in order to better fit it aerodynamically, especially when the fan is very large. For this purpose, a reduction gear device is arranged between the BP shaft and the fan shaft carrying the fan. The fan, fan shaft, and reduction gear device are typically part of the same module known as the fan module.

  One of the problems encountered with turbofan reduction gearing is that the reduction gearing can be significantly between 6 l / h and 7000 l / h at takeoff to ensure lubrication and cooling of their pinions and bearings. It requires a large oil flow rate. In order to limit the losses resulting from churning, it is necessary to move the oil precisely to the desired position and then remove the oil as soon as its lubricating action is performed. The types of reduction gearing used include planetary reduction gear trains that have the advantage of providing a significant reduction in rotational speed while reducing space requirements. On the other hand, it also has the disadvantage of having a planet pinion that moves by rotating about the rotational axis of the drive shaft of the reduction gear device. Thus, in turn, on the one hand, the oil coming from the main tank and the lubrication pump located at a fixed reference position is moved to these pinions located at a movable reference position, on the other hand this oil is It is necessary to envisage the device so that it is recovered after passing through the pinion and returned to a fixed reference position. It is particularly advantageous to control such flow recovery by inter alia preventing this oil from accumulating in the housing and being heated by cherning.

  In currently used reduction gear systems, oil is generally introduced into the pinion region and collected toward the bottom of the housing. The oil falls naturally by gravity. A simple solution for recovering oil also exists in a reduction gear arrangement with a planetary gear train in which the ring gear of the gear train can be rotated. Its rotation allows the oil to be ejected towards the drain by centrifugal action. The oil is collected in the drain and then returned to the main tank via the collection pipe.

  Such a solution cannot be applied to a reduction gear device having a planetary gear train to which the outer ring gear is fixed. Even so, the oil is not ejected and may accumulate in the reduction gear unit due to the charring action, which is an oversized dimension of the oil circuit to account for performance degradation and generated heating Will bring.

  The object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by providing an apparatus for recovering oil from a turbojet engine reduction gear unit that is compatible with a reduction gear unit having a movable pinion and a fixed outer ring gear. It is.

  For this purpose, the present invention is a reduction gear device having a planetary gear train, which is a planet pinion that can be rotated about a rotation axis, and is driven by the planet pinion and carried by a planet carrier. A satellite-type planet pinion that can be rotated about a planet shaft, and the satellite-type planet pinion travels on a fixed ring gear, and the planet carrier is axial with respect to the ring gear. A pair of gears positioned laterally and formed by a planet pinion pinion and a ring gear is a reduction gear device that is shaped to eject the lubricating oil axially after use, wherein the planet carrier is a gear The oil, positioned opposite the pair, is ejected by centrifugal action at the end. Characterized in that it comprises a surface portion forming a means for guiding and radially oriented from the axial direction, to a reduction gear.

  In this way, the planet carrier ensures the recovery of the lubricating oil that circulates at a movable reference position connected to the reduction gear device, and jets the oil from these movable parts using its rotational motion, The oil is returned to a fixed reference position where the reduction gear device is installed. Its axial orientation of the oil from the radial direction makes it possible to fully use the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the components of the reduction gear device and is thus injected by the pinion. Improve the ability of the lubrication system to collect oil.

  Advantageously, the radial extension is in the form of a partial torus. Such a shape ensures both the function of recovering the lubricating oil and the function of ejecting it.

  Preferably, the radial extension carries rotating blades regularly arranged on the circumference of the planet carrier and extending into the torus. The blades prevent the oil from accumulating in the upper part of the torus for the purpose of facilitating the ejection of oil.

  More preferably, the rotating blades are curved inward in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the planet carrier in a radial cross-section with respect to a common axis of rotation.

  In certain embodiments, the reduction gear device further comprises at least one fixed oil collecting drain that is positioned radially opposite the radial extension and extends radially beyond the planet carrier.

  Preferably, the portion of the drainage groove positioned opposite the radial extension is conical.

  More preferably, the conical portion is inwardly curved extending in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the planet carrier with a radial cross section about a common axis of rotation distributed regularly over the circumference of the conical portion. The fixed blade | wing which has the shape which carried out is carried.

  The invention further relates to a fan module of a bypass turbojet engine comprising a fan shaft driven by the above-described reduction gear device and a bypass turbojet engine comprising such a fan module.

  In certain embodiments, the fan module comprises at least one support component for a fan shaft with two bearings, such that the support component is attached to a second flange carried by a structural component of the turbojet engine. A first fixing flange of the module shaped into a support, and a reduction gear device comprising a flange shaped so as to be able to be fixed to the second structural flange of a turbojet engine Supported by the housing, the reduction gear device can be mounted on the fan module before or simultaneously with the fan module being assembled on at least one other module of the turbojet engine.

  The invention will be more fully understood and other objects, details, features will be understood from the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention given herein as purely non-limiting examples with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which: And the benefits will become more apparent.

1 is a schematic view of a bypass turbojet engine having a high bypass rate. FIG. It is detail drawing which shows the integration | attachment in the turbofan of the gear provided with the planetary gear train which reduces the rotational speed of a fan shaft. It is a figure which shows the fan module of the turbo fan of FIG. FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the reduction gear device of FIG. 2 provided with a lubrication system. It is a disassembled perspective view of the reduction gear apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a front view of the reduction gear device of FIG. 2 provided with a system for collecting lubricating oil according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the oil collection | recovery apparatus of the reduction gear apparatus of FIG. FIG. 8 is a detailed front view of the apparatus of FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a second exploded perspective view of an oil recovery device of the reduction gear device of FIG. 6.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a turbojet engine 1 including a fan S, a low-pressure compressor 1a, a high-pressure compressor 1b, a combustion chamber 1c, a high-pressure turbine 1d, a low-pressure turbine 1e, and an exhaust pipe 1h is shown as usual. The high-pressure compressor 1b and the high-pressure turbine 1d are connected by a high-pressure shaft 1 and form a high-pressure body (HP) together therewith. The low-pressure compressor 1a and the low-pressure turbine 1e are connected by a low-pressure shaft 2 and form a low-pressure body (BP) together therewith.

  In the configuration shown here for a conventional turbofan, in the absence of a reduction gear unit, the disk on which the fan S blades are mounted is driven by a fan shaft 3 or a BP journal which is itself driven directly by the low pressure shaft 2. The In the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the fan shaft 3 is driven by the low-pressure shaft 2 via a reduction gear device 10 having a planetary gear train.

  FIG. 2 shows the positioning of the reduction gear device 10 at the front of the turbojet engine 1. The blades of the fan S are carried by a fan shaft 3 that is connected to the engine structure via a ball bearing 5 that transmits propulsive force and a roller bearing 6 that allows the fan shaft to extend in the longitudinal direction. The bearing members of these two bearings are fixed to one or more components that form a support for the fan shaft 8 that is fixed to the turbo engine structure in the region of the support flange of the fan module 9. . The fan shaft 3 belonging to the fan module comprising the support component 8, the blades of the fan S and the two bearings 5 and 6 is driven by the planet carrier 13 of the reduction gear device 10 via its downstream end. The As will be described below with reference to FIG. 4, the low-pressure shaft 2 is connected to the planet pinion 11 of the reduction gear device 10 via its groove 7.

  The reduction gear device 10 is fixed to one end portion of the support housing 22 via a closing portion and a support flange 20 extending in a radial direction from the ring gear of the planetary gear train. In this way, the reduction gear device is held in place on the fan shaft 3 and ensures that it is positioned relative to the low pressure shaft 2. The other end of the support housing 22 is fixed on a flange 26 to the turbo engine structure for connection to the fan module. The flange 26 extends radially from a structural component or abutment housing 25 of the turbojet engine. The support housing 22 has a cylindrical shape, and is provided with axial undulations 23, two of which are shown here, on the longitudinal extension thereof to achieve a certain degree of radial flexibility, and a reduction gear device. Ensures flexible assembly on top. This degree of freedom prevents it from being flanged to the structure and being subjected to significant stress during vibration or movement due to the expansion of the various elements that make up the turbojet engine.

  A clearance J is left circumferentially around the ring gear so that the reduction gearing can move radially without disturbing the structure of the turbojet engine. The gap J is dimensioned so that the reduction gear device can float in its housing under normal conditions and is used up only if the fan blades are missing or damaged. For this purpose, a structural abutment housing 25 is arranged on the opposite side of the reduction gear device 10 from the outer ring gear 14. The structural abutment housing 25 includes a rib that can abut when the ring gear moves in the radial direction by a value larger than the gap J. The abutment housing 25 absorbs the force generated by the contact of the ring gear 14 when the fan blade is damaged or missing. As will be described below, a pressure housing 24 for the chamber of the reduction gear device 10 is provided between the support housing 22 and the abutment housing 25 to facilitate the ejection of the lubricating oil of the reduction gear device 10. is there.

  FIG. 3 shows the various elements of the fan module. They are assembled on the flange 26 of the abutment housing 25 in the region of the bolt-type fixing means 28. The bolt 28 fixes both the component 8 supporting the fan module and consequently the bearings 5 and 6 belonging to the fan S, and the support housing 22 and the pressure housing 24 of the reduction gear device 10 to the fixing flange 26. For the purpose. It will be noted that the assembly of the reduction gear device 10 on the fan module structure is performed from the downstream direction to the upstream direction of the turbojet engine. Its positioning is assured by the centering member 17 on the fan shaft 3 as described below and by the cooperation of the flange 26 and fixing means 28 of its support housing 22. Finally, the pressure housing 24, which is cylindrical and encloses the reduction gear device, can also be positioned from the downstream direction until its upstream end cooperates with the fixing flange 26 and the fixing means 28. The pressure housing 24 is intended to create a chamber around the reduction gear device that is at a pressure higher than the surrounding pressure, and the chamber is placed in a reduced pressure state by a pump that draws oil from the reduction gear device 10. The branching of the oil recovery circuit from the reduction gear device to this outer chamber allows oil to be better ejected from the reduction gear device, thus preventing the churn phenomenon. Thus, the pressurized housing is provided with a groove at its downstream end in which the O-ring 27 is positioned to ensure that the chamber is sealed after the fan module is mounted on the engine structure.

  FIG. 4 is a radial cross-sectional view of the upper portion of the reduction gear device 10. The lower part is positioned symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis 4 of the turbine engine appearing at the bottom of the figure. The outside of the reduction gear device 10 is surrounded by the ring gear 14. The ring gear 14 cannot be rotated and is fixed to the engine structure in the region of its closure and fixing flange 20. The ring gear 14 is created in two parts to allow the positioning of all the elements that make up the reduction gear device, and these two parts are within the region of the flange 20 that extends radially from the ring gear. Are attached to each other by a series of assembly bolts 21. The corresponding end of the support housing 22 is also fixed to the closing flange 20 by the assembly bolt 21.

  On the one hand, the reduction gear device is engaged on the groove 7 of the low-pressure shaft 2 by the engagement pinion of the planetary pinion 11 of the planetary gear train, and on the other hand, the fan shaft fitted to the planet carrier 13 of this same planetary gear train. 3 is engaged. As is conventional, a planet pinion 11 in which the axis 4 and the rotating shaft of the turbine engine are integrated drives a series of satellite planet pinions 12 that are regularly distributed around the circumference of the reduction gear device. These planet pinions 12 also rotate about the axis 4 of the turbine engine and travel on a ring gear 14 fixed to the structural part of the turbine engine via a support housing 22. A planet shaft 16 connected to the planet carrier 13 is positioned at the center of each planet pinion, and the planet pinion is freely rotated by a bearing around the shaft. The bearing may be a flat bearing as shown in FIG. 4, or in an alternative configuration may comprise a roller bearing. The rotation of the planet about the planet shaft 16 is caused by the rotation of the planet carrier 13 about the axis 4 and, as a result, the fan shaft connected to it by the cooperation of the pinion and the pinion of the ring gear 14. 3 rotation at a rotational speed lower than the rotational speed of the low-pressure shaft 2.

  The drive of the fan shaft 3 by the satellite carrier 13 is ensured by a series of centering members 17 distributed regularly over the entire circumference of the reduction gear device. They extend from the fan shaft and are introduced into holes formed in the planet carrier. The planet carrier 13 extends symmetrically on both sides of the reduction gear device to close the assembly and form a chamber in which a lubrication function can be performed. A bushing 19 closes the chamber in the region of the planet shaft 16 on both sides of the reduction gear device to complete the chamber closure.

  FIG. 4 further shows, along with FIG. 5, the routing of the lubricating oil to the reduction gear unit 10 and its path inside the reduction gear unit. The arrows in FIG. 4 indicate the path followed by the oil from a particular oil tank called buffer tank 31 to the pinion and bearing to be lubricated.

  The buffer tank 31 is positioned in the upper part next to the reduction gear unit so that oil can flow by gravity toward the center of the reduction gear unit. This tank 31 is supplied by a path pipe 30 coming from the main tank of an engine (not shown). The oil flows out of the buffer tank and is released into the injector which narrows the calibrated end and forms the nozzle 33. Oil exits the nozzle in the form of a jet 34. The jet 34 is formed by the pressure created by the weight of the oil column positioned thereon. This jet 34 is oriented with radial components directed towards the outside of the engine and terminating in a cylindrical cup 35 having a U-shaped radial cross section. The opening of the U-shaped part is oriented to face the rotating shaft 4. When the injector 32 and its nozzle 33 are fixed, the cup 35 can be rotated about the axis 4 and always has a U-shaped part on the opposite side of the nozzle. Since the opening of the U-shaped bottom portion of the cup 35 is positioned facing the rotating shaft 4 and the edge of the U-shaped portion is oriented in the direction of this axis, the cup 35 draws oil from the jet 34. A receiving oil retaining cavity is formed. The physical separation that exists between the nozzle 33 and the cup 35 allows the reduction gear unit 10 to be decoupled from the low pressure compressor module, thus securing the reduction gear unit to the fan module. provide. This configuration allows the modular installation of a turbojet engine without disturbing the supply circuit during installation of the fan module on the structural housing 25 or even requiring specific assembly operations.

  This oil is rotationally driven by the cup 35 and compressed at the bottom of the cup 35 under the action of centrifugal force. A series of tubes that supply oil to the various members to be lubricated extend from the bottom of the cup. There are basically two types of these tubes, as shown in FIGS. A first series of tubes 36, regularly distributed over the periphery of the reduction gear system and equal in number to the number of satellite planet pinions 12, extend from the bottom of the cup 35 and are each planet closed by the planet carrier 13. It is introduced into the inner chamber of the shaft 16. A second series of tubes 37, which are also regularly distributed over the periphery of the reduction gearing, extend from the bottom of the cup 35 and into a space located between two successive satellite planet pinions 12. Directed.

  The oil flowing in the first tube 36 enters the inner cavity of each planet shaft 16 and then migrates into the guide channel 38 as a result of the centrifugal force. Guide channels 38 pass through these shafts and are oriented radially. These channels 38 open around the planet shaft 16 in the region of the bearings that support the planets 12, thus ensuring lubrication of these bearings.

  The second tube 37 extends between the planet 12 from the bottom of the cup 35 and is divided into a plurality of channels 37a, 37b. They carry oil towards the gear pair formed on the one hand by the pinion of the planet pinion 12 and the pinion of the planet pinion 11 and on the other hand by the pinion of the planet pinion 12 and the pinion of the ring gear 14. The assembly comprising the reduction gear unit 10 bearings and gear pairs is thus lubricated by the oil collected by the opposing cup 35 coming from the nozzle 33. Each second channel 37a extends axially along the satellite planet pinion 12 between the satellite planet pinion 11 and the planet pinion 11 to form a lubrication ramp across the entire width of the two pinions. A channel 37b that feeds the gear pair between the ring gear 11 and the planet pinion 12 injects the oil into the center of the cylinder formed by each planet pinion. As shown here, they are produced in the form of double parallel pinions. The tooth arrangement is oriented diagonally with respect to the axis of rotation of the planet pinion 12 so that they act as grooves. Oil is driven in the groove from the center of the cylinder to its periphery to lubricate the gear pair across its width.

  FIG. 6 is a front view of a planetary reduction gear device having a fixed ring gear 14 provided with an oil recovery device according to the present invention. Two symmetrical oil recovery drain grooves 40 are arranged around the ring gear 14. They surround the reduction gear device and terminate at a circumferential location with two scissors 41. The two towing parts 41 are deflected from their drains 40 to eject the collected oil and return it to the main tank of the engine.

  FIG. 7 shows details of the oil recovery device in the region of the gear pair formed by the pinion of the planet pinion 12 and the pinion of the ring gear 14. Two symmetrical oil recovery drain grooves 40 are arranged around the ring gear 14. They surround the reduction gear device and terminate at a circumferential location with two scissors 41. The two troughs are diverted from their drains 40 and eject the collected oil. Collected oil is collected in a lubrication chamber in front of the engine and returned to the main tank of the engine. As mentioned above, the oil flows along the teeth of the pinion and is directed outward by the pinion of the planet pinion 12 whose teeth are oriented obliquely. The upper portion of the planet carrier 13 is substantially in the form of a quadrant torus 44. The quadrant torus 44 extends below the planet pinion / ring gear pair in an axial direction away from the upper portion of the planet pinion, and then is straightened so that it is radially opposed to the ring gear 14. And become oriented. By doing so, it constitutes a receptacle for the droplets of oil injected by the gear pair. The oil droplets are directed from the axial direction at the pinion output of the planet pinion 12 and are radially reoriented at the end of the quadrant torus 44 from where they were ejected by centrifugation. Like that. The planet carrier 13 carries the blades 42 in the outer circumferential region. The vanes 42 are regularly positioned on their circumference and extend radially to be positioned opposite the gear pair. They are located within this quadrant torus 44 in a substantially radial plane of the torus. These blades rotate with the satellite carrier and have a curved shape in the axial direction to facilitate the ejection of oil droplets escaping from the gear pair to the outside of the satellite carrier. However, the rotating blade 42 is curved inward with respect to this radial plane to facilitate the detachment and ejection of droplets in the plane of the planet carrier 13.

  The fixed blades 43 are positioned so as to face the rotary blades 42. They are attached to each drain 40 to form a means to collect oil and regulate its flow. They are welded to the drain groove 40 in the region of the radially outer end of the planet carrier. These fixed vanes are in the form of small plates that are curved inwardly and are positioned circumferentially in the lower part of the drainage groove 40 with a mounting angle relative to the circle in the lower part of the drainage groove. These stationary vanes extend radially enough to cover the entire radial extent of the planet carrier and collect all the oil droplets it ejects. These vanes allow the oil flow to be directed to direct the oil flow tangentially to the direction of the drain to maximize this oil flow rate.

  The two exhaust grooves 40 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the central plane of the reduction gear device 10 so as to collect the ejected oil, but are positioned near the fan shaft 3 and on the opposite side. For this purpose, the planet carrier 13 is provided on its two faces with the same oil ejection device in the form of a quadrant torus 44 provided with rotating blades. Each drop has a conical surface that is intended to cover the upper part of the planet carrier 13 on the outside and then approach the center plane to return the oil to the bottom of the drain. It then continues in the form of a half torus, whose bottom forms a flow path for oil flow around the reduction gear unit 10. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, each drain groove finally extends inward and then returns radially in the region of the ring gear 14 so that oil is injected onto the flange 20 and the assembly bolt 21. Defend what is done.

  FIG. 8 shows a radial cross section of the shape and relative arrangement of the movable blade 42 and the fixed blade 43. The arrows indicate the oil path when the oil is injected by the planet carrier 13 and collected by the drain groove 40.

  Finally, FIG. 9 shows the lower part of the reduction gear device 10 and its oil recovery means. The oil ejected by the planet carrier in each region of the gear pair formed by the satellite type planet pinion 12 and the ring gear 14 reaches one of the drain grooves 40, and by its inertial force in this drain groove. Driven in a circle. At their low point, the drainage groove opens in a downward direction and is provided with an opening in the form of a barb 41. Through this, the recovered oil can be removed from the reduction gear device 10. This scooping portion first passes through the support housing 22 and then through the pressure housing 22. The scissor is in hermetic contact with the pressure housing 22 and benefits from the suction created by the reduced pressure from the outer cavity to the pressure housing. A device (not shown) can then return the oil to the main oil tank after optional degassing and passage through the heat exchanger. The absence of a physical connection between the exhaust groove 40 and the structural housing 25 makes it possible to assemble the reduction gear device on the fan module without interference with the structure of the turbojet engine, and thus the modular assembly of this fan module. Enable.

  Next, regarding the operation of the lubrication circuit, firstly, the circuit for supplying oil to the bearing and the gear pair of the reduction gear unit, and secondly, the operation of the circuit for recovering this oil according to the present invention after it is used. Explanation is given.

  The oil flows from the buffer tank 31 into the injector 32 by gravity. Oil is ejected under the pressure of the supply pump and the oil column positioned above the nozzle 33 and collected by the rotating cup 35. Within the rotating cup 35, the oil spreads under the action of the centrifugal field present at that location. The oil then enters the first and second tubes 36 and 37 of each planet pinion 12.

  The oil passing through the first tube 36 is introduced into the inner cavity of the corresponding satellite planet pinion 12 and then rotated about the previous centrifugal field and its planet shaft 16 of the satellite planet pinion. It is exposed to the place that arises at the same time. The oil passes through the thickness of the pinion 12 by this planet pinion guide channel 38 and lubricates the bearing located between the planet pinion 12 and its planet shaft 16. It should be noted that the centrifugal acceleration field occurs within a pressure gradient along the tube, which becomes significant as a pressure in the region of the bearing (about 5 bar). This is sufficient to be able to supply the bearing.

  On the other hand, the oil passing through the second pipe 37 is divided into a flow path 37a that supplies the planet pinion and a flow path 37b that supplies the planet pinion / ring gear pair. The flow path 37a ejects oil over the entire width of the two pinions by its lubrication ramp. The flow path 37b returns to its meshing region on the ring gear 14 along the satellite planet pinion and terminates with a nozzle that lubricates it. Preferably, the oil is conveyed to teeth extending from the meshing portion to cool the teeth immediately after they are heated. The oblique orientation imparted to the teeth of the planet pinion 13 results in an oil flow outward from the center of the pinion, thus ensuring a lubrication that is evenly distributed to all these gears.

  All the bearings and pairs of gears of the reduction gear system are mostly rotatable about the axis of the turbojet engine, but in this way they are positioned on a fixed part of the same turbojet engine, the reduction gear Lubricated from an oil supply network that does not have a physical connection to the equipment.

  The oil recovery is mainly based on the use of centrifugal force applied to the oil at the output of the gear pair constituted by the pinion of the planet pinion 12. Oil is ejected axially from this gear pair and falls onto the radially outer end of the planet carrier 13. The oil is collected by this end in the form of a quadrant torus 44 and is directed radially toward the top of the quadrant torus by the rotational speed of the planet carrier 13. The oil is ejected towards the outside of the planet carrier at a linear velocity of approximately 230 km / h with a centrifugal acceleration reaching 1200 g. The rotary vane 42 is optionally attached to the outside of the planet carrier 13 in a variation of the present invention, but this acts as a centrifugal ejector to facilitate this ejection motion. In this way, they prevent oil droplets from returning back into the reduction gear device 10 to cause a churning action.

  The oil is recovered by the fixed blade 43 of the drain groove 40 positioned on the opposite side of the rotary blade in the axial direction. The oil thus arrives tangentially at the conical surface of the drain. The conical surface is positioned opposite the rotating blades 42 of the planet carrier 13. These conical surfaces direct the oil to the bottom of the drain 40 and remove the oil from the gear pair, eliminating the risk of churning. Again, the presence of the vanes is optional and oil recovery can also be carried out directly on the conical part of the drainage by means of a simplified version. However, they have the advantage of being positioned on the opposite side of the rotary vane 42 and better directing the oil stream towards the bottom of the drain 40.

  The oil slides circumferentially on the fixed vane 43 at the speed it gains during its rotation on the planet carrier 13 and enters the drain groove 40. The oil is then contained within the bottom of this drainage groove while maintaining a circumferential speed, and then depicts the portion of the circumference that carries the oil from its removal location of the planet carrier to the low point of the reduction gear unit. The oil is then removed from the reduction gear device 10 and directed by a scraping portion 41 extending from the drain groove 40 in the direction of the outside of the reduction gear device 10. The oil passes through the support housing 22 and the pressure housing 24 through the scooping portion 41 and returns to the outer chamber of the reduction gear device. This is due to the speed of the oil itself and the suction created in this outer chamber by the oil pump.

  The present invention is mainly based on the use of a centrifugal force that is generated by the rotational movement of the planet carrier 13 and allows oil to be ejected from the vicinity of the pinion. In this way, the oil does not remain in contact with the pinion and has no churning action. Since the centrifugal function is ensured by the planet carrier 13, this is particularly effective due to its rotational speed and is compatible with a reduction gear device to which the ring gear 14 is fixed. This device solves the technical problem brought about by avoiding this fixed ring gear from the pinion of the planet pinion 12 to the planet carrier 13 and then from the planet carrier which can be rotated to the fixed collecting part of the drain groove 40. Solve by double squirting into.

  It is also characterized by a double block between the fan module components and the engine structure. This allows the autonomous assembly of the reduction gear device on the fan module and eliminates the need to connect the supply circuit to the adjacent module after the fan module is assembled on the turbojet engine. The first shut-off is positioned between the fixed nozzle 33 and the rotating cup 35 containing the supply circuit, and the second shut-off is an additional that provides a seal in the region of its O-ring with the engine structure. Positioned within an area within the pressure housing 24.

  The interruption on the supply circuit is located downstream of the reduction gear unit, which can be fixed before the reduction gear unit is assembled to the fan module and before the module is assembled on the turbojet engine structure. It is possible, meaning that it is not necessary to envisage means for fixing the oil circuit to this reduction gear device after the things are done. Similarly, the pressurized housing 24 has means 27 at its downstream end for securing to the turbojet engine structure. The means 27 can be placed in place by a simple press-fitting action following the longitudinal translation when the fan module is assembled on the structure.

  Again, fixing the fan module to the rest of the engine does not require assembly work following the positioning of the fan module.

  FIG. 2 shows the positioning of the reduction gear device 10 at the front of the turbojet engine 1. The blades of the fan S are carried by a fan shaft 3 that is connected to the engine structure via a ball bearing 5 that transmits propulsive force and a roller bearing 6 that allows the fan shaft to extend in the longitudinal direction. The bearing members of these two bearings are fixed to one or more components that form a support for the fan shaft 3 that is fixed to the turbo engine structure in the region of the support flange of the fan module 9. . The fan shaft 3 belonging to the fan module comprising the support component 8, the blades of the fan S and the two bearings 5 and 6 is driven by the planet carrier 13 of the reduction gear device 10 via its downstream end. The As will be described below with reference to FIG. 4, the low-pressure shaft 2 is connected to the planet pinion 11 of the reduction gear device 10 via its groove 7.

  The second tube 37 extends between the planet 12 from the bottom of the cup 35 and is divided into a plurality of channels 37a, 37b. They carry oil towards the gear pair formed on the one hand by the pinion of the planet pinion 12 and the pinion of the planet pinion 11 and on the other hand by the pinion of the planet pinion 12 and the pinion of the ring gear 14. The assembly comprising the reduction gear unit 10 bearings and gear pairs is thus lubricated by the oil collected by the opposing cup 35 coming from the nozzle 33. Each second channel 37a extends axially along the satellite planet pinion 12 between the satellite planet pinion 11 and the planet pinion 11 to form a lubrication ramp across the entire width of the two pinions. A channel 37b that feeds the gear pair between the ring gear 14 and the planet pinion 12 injects the oil into the center of the cylinder formed by each planet pinion. As shown here, they are produced in the form of double parallel pinions. The tooth arrangement is oriented diagonally with respect to the axis of rotation of the planet pinion 12 so that they act as grooves. Oil is driven in the groove from the center of the cylinder to its periphery to lubricate the gear pair across its width.

Claims (9)

A reduction gear device having a planetary gear train, a planet pinion (11) that can be rotated around a rotation shaft (4), driven by the planet pinion, and carried by a planet carrier (13). A satellite-type planet pinion (12) that can be rotated about a planet shaft (16), the satellite-type planet pinion travels on a fixed ring gear (14), and the planet carrier A pair of gears positioned laterally axially with respect to the ring gear and formed by the planet pinion (12) and the ring gear (14) are shaped to eject the lubricating oil axially after use. A reduction gear device,
The planet carrier (13) is positioned opposite the gear pair and has a surface forming means for guiding and directing the oil from its axial direction in a radial direction so as to eject the oil by centrifugal action at its ends. A reduction gear device, characterized in that it comprises a part (14).   2. A reduction gear arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the radial extension is in the form of a partial torus (44).   The reduction gear device according to claim 2, wherein the radial extensions are regularly arranged on the circumference of the planet carrier and carry rotating blades (42) extending inside the torus.   4. The reduction gear device according to claim 3, wherein the rotating blades are curved inwardly in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the planet carrier (13) in a radial section with respect to a common axis of rotation (4).   The at least one fixed oil collecting drain (40) extending radially beyond the planet carrier (13) and positioned axially opposite the radial extension. The reduction gear according to any one of the above.   6. The reduction gear device according to claim 5, wherein the portion of the drainage groove positioned facing the radial extension is conical.   Inwardly extending in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the planet carrier (13) in a radial section with respect to a common axis of rotation (4), the conical part being regularly distributed over the circumference of said conical part The reduction gear device according to claim 6, which carries fixed blades (43) having a curved shape.   A fan module of a bypass turbojet engine comprising a fan shaft (3) driven by a reduction gear according to any one of the preceding claims.   A bypass turbojet engine comprising the fan module according to claim 8.

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