JP2015003296A - Dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase a fire extinction effect and a filtration performance of dusts in dust-containing air.SOLUTION: A dust collector comprises: first dust collection means of wet type 13 which has liquid spray means 34 for spraying a liquid to dust-containing air sucked from suction means 12, and first filtration means 31 for collecting dusts in said dust-containing air; second dust collection means of dry type 14 having second filtration means 51 for collecting dusts in said dust-containing air which cannot be collected by the first dust collection means 13; and a sewage tank 17 on which the first dust collection means 13 and the second dust collection means 14 are placed, and which receives dusts separated and removed from said dust-containing air in the first dust collection means 13 and the liquid sprayed by the liquid spray means 34, and further receives dusts separated and removed from said dust-containing air in the second dust collection means 14. An air current direction downstream side end of the suction means 12, a bottom of the first dust collection means 13 and a bottom of the second dust collection means 14 are so configured as to respectively communicate with the sewage tank 17.

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust collector for separating and removing dust in dust-containing air generated from a processing machine or the like in a factory.

  Conventionally, industrial dust collectors have been used to suck in dust generated from processing machines and purify the air in the factory, and in particular, explosiveness that dust-containing air is generated from laser processing machines, etc. When dust that has ignitability is included, use a so-called wet dust collector that separates and removes dust by bringing the dust-containing air sucked into the dust collector into contact with the cleaning liquid stored in the dust collector. There are many.

  As this type of conventional dust collector, for example, a metal grinding process is performed by providing a filter unit composed of a container for storing a large number of fillers in the previous stage of the filtration unit and spraying liquid on the filter unit. Dust with sparks and fumes and arcs in arc welding work (see, for example, Patent Document 1), an air inlet for taking in air containing dust, and spraying water into the dust And a spray nozzle that mixes and contacts water, a dust filter that removes dust from the air after water spraying, and an exhaust port that discharges air purified by the dust filter (for example, Patent Document 2) For example).

JP-A-62-1433 JP-A-9-201510

  However, the dust collector described in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.

(1) Since no measures are taken when dust explodes, it is a problem from the viewpoint of safety.
(2) Since the gas-liquid contact between the dust and the liquid is only once, there is a possibility that the fire extinguishing action of the dust that is ignited cannot be sufficiently performed. For example, when collecting powder with high explosive index (Kst value), ignitability, and flammability for a long period of time with a high dust velocity, there may be cases where the fire extinguishing action cannot be performed sufficiently, and the bug filter There is a risk of igniting or igniting or exploding inside the dust collector.
(3) There is a risk of adversely affecting the filtering performance of the bag filter by causing the water in the liquid tank to rise by the air flow of the dust-containing air and wet the bag filter.
(4) It is difficult to move the dust collector when the source of the dust-containing air moves or when collecting dust at different locations.

On the other hand, the dust collector described in Patent Document 2 has the following problems.
(1) Since no measures are taken when dust explodes, it is a problem from the viewpoint of safety.
(2) Since the liquid in the liquid tank is not actively used and the gas-liquid contact between the dust and the liquid is not performed, the fire extinguishing efficiency is poor, and there is a risk of explosion or ignition.
(3) Since a large number of spray nozzles are used, water consumption increases, which is uneconomical.
(4) Since there are many parts, such as a spray nozzle and piping, the manufacturing cost of an apparatus becomes high.
(5) It is difficult to move the dust collector when the source of the dust-containing air moves or when collecting dust at different locations.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and is improved in safety at the time of explosion, improved fire extinguishing efficiency, prevention of explosion and ignition, improved filtration performance, improved economic efficiency, and movement. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dust collector that can be simplified.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, a first dust collector of the present invention is a dust collector for separating and removing dust in dust-containing air by generating an air flow of dust-containing air, and includes a dust collector from outside. A wet means having suction means for sucking in dust air, liquid spraying means for spraying liquid onto the dust-containing air sucked from the suction means, and first filtering means for collecting the dust in the dust-containing air. A first dust collecting means and a second dust collecting means disposed downstream of the first dust collecting means in the air flow direction for collecting dust in the air containing dust that could not be collected by the first dust collecting means; A dry second dust collecting means having a filtering means, and a suction means for generating an air flow of dust-containing air inside the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means via the suction means. And in the air containing dust in the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means. Exhaust means for discharging clean air from which dust has been separated and removed, the first dust collection means, and the second dust collection means are placed, and the first dust collection means includes dust-containing air. A sewage tank for storing the dust separated and removed from the inside and the liquid sprayed by the liquid spraying means and for storing the dust separated and removed from the dust-containing air in the second dust collecting means, The downstream end of the suction means in the airflow direction, the bottom of the first dust collecting means, and the bottom of the second dust collecting means are configured to communicate with the sewage tank, respectively.

  According to the first dust collecting apparatus of the present invention, since the wet first dust collecting means and the dry second dust collecting means are provided, the fire extinguishing action and filtering performance of dust in the dust-containing air are improved. Can be made. In addition, by providing a common sewage tank below the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means, it is possible to facilitate the discharge processing of settled dust, sewage, etc. The emission cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the dust filtered by the dry second dust collecting means and falling into the sewage tank accumulates in the sewage tank, it is possible to prevent the risk of ignition by the accumulated dust. In addition, when discharging dust accumulated in the sewage tank, the risk of ignition can be avoided. Furthermore, since the dust accumulated in the sewage tank is discharged after it has been stored for a certain amount, it is not necessary to discharge each time, and the frequency of the operation of discharging the accumulated dust can be reduced, thereby reducing the work. it can. Further, by installing the liquid spraying means downstream of the first filtering means in the first dust collecting means, the fire can be reliably extinguished even if dust of fire is mixed in the dust-containing air. It is possible to prevent the spark from flowing into the second dust collecting means and to prevent the occurrence of a fire in the second dust collecting means. Furthermore, by spraying water with the liquid spraying means, the humidity in the first dust collecting means can be increased to a predetermined value or more, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fire due to static electricity sparks.

  In the second dust collector of the present invention, the suction means, the first dust collection means, the second dust collection means, the suction means, and the exhaust means have a flow of dust-containing air in a plan view. It arrange | positions so that it may meander.

  According to the second dust collector of the present invention, the dust collector can be made compact (downsized), so that the installation space can be reduced, and the source of dust-containing air moves or The dust collector can be easily moved even when collecting dust in different places.

  In the third dust collecting apparatus of the present invention, the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means each include a dissipating means for releasing the explosion pressure inside to the outside, and the dissipating means Comprises a diffusion duct extending upward from the first dust collection means and the second dust collection means, and a diffusion cover provided at the upper end of the diffusion duct, and the diffusion cover is normally closed And is configured to be released by an explosion pressure at the time of an internal explosion.

  According to the third dust collecting device of the present invention, by providing a dissipating means in each of the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means, even if a dust explosion occurs, safety is ensured. Can be improved.

  In the fourth dust collector of the present invention, the diffusion duct is formed so as to project outside the sewage tank in a plan view, and the diffusion lid is opened by rotating outward. It is characterized by being.

  According to the fourth dust collecting device of the present invention, the dissipating duct is provided so as to project outside the sewage tank in plan view, whereby the dissipating means can be easily maintained and the upper part of the sewage tank can be maintained. It is possible to arrange other devices of the dust collector in the space and to effectively use the space. In addition, since the diffusion cover is rotated and opened outward during the explosion, it is possible to prevent the device from being damaged by the rotated diffusion cover coming into contact with each device of the dust collector.

  In the fifth dust collector of the present invention, the first dust collecting means is configured to generate upward airflow by sucking dust-containing air from the bottom and discharging from the top. The filtering means 1 includes a filling portion in which stone rollers are spread, and a prefilter made of a noncombustible material provided above the filling portion, and the liquid spraying means is a spray nozzle provided above the filling portion. It is characterized by having.

  According to the fifth dust collector of the present invention, the liquid spraying means is installed above the filling portion in the first dust collecting means, so that even if fire dust is mixed in the dust-containing air, the fire can be reliably extinguished. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the spark from flowing into the second dust collecting means, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fire in the second dust collecting means. Furthermore, by spraying water with the liquid spraying means, the humidity in the first dust collecting means can be increased to a predetermined value or more, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fire due to static electricity sparks.

  In the sixth dust collector of the present invention, a conductive portion subjected to a conductive treatment is formed in a portion that comes into contact with the dust-containing air inside the second dust collecting means, and the conductive portion is grounded. The second filtering means includes a filtering material subjected to antistatic treatment, and the filtering material is grounded to the conductive portion of the second dust collecting means.

  According to the sixth dust collector of the present invention, static electricity generated by contacting the dust-containing air in the second filtering means can be released to the ground via the second dust collecting means. Generation can be prevented, and ignition and explosion can be prevented. Furthermore, fine dust having a particle diameter that cannot be collected by the first dust collecting unit can be collected by the filter medium, and clean air that does not contain fine dust can be discharged.

  In the seventh dust collector of the present invention, the second dust collecting means is provided with a humidity sensor that detects internal humidity, and outputs an abnormal signal when the humidity detected by the humidity sensor is equal to or lower than a predetermined value. It is characterized by doing.

  According to the seventh dust collecting device of the present invention, the humidity in the dry second dust collecting means is managed and maintained at a set value or higher, so that the occurrence of an explosion and fire is detected in advance, and the second dust collecting device It is possible to prevent the occurrence of static electricity and fire in the means.

  In the eighth dust collector of the present invention, the sewage tank is connected to the sewage tank at the downstream end of the suction means in the air flow direction and to the sewage tank at the bottom of the first dust collector. A partition plate is provided that partitions the first region including the communication portion and the second region including the communication portion to the sewage tank at the bottom of the second dust collecting means, The first region and the second region are provided so as to be in contact with the liquid level of the sewage tank and to communicate with each other.

  According to the eighth dust collector of the present invention, the partition plate partitions the inside of the sewage tank into the first area on the first dust collecting means side and the second area on the second dust collecting means side. Thus, the dust-containing air that has flowed into the sewage tank from the suction means does not flow into the second dust collecting means, and the airflow that flows into the first dust collecting means can be reliably generated.

  In the ninth dust collector of the present invention, the suction means is provided on the downstream side in the air flow direction of the second dust collecting means.

  According to the ninth dust collecting apparatus of the present invention, explosive and ignitable dust is collected by the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means, and the filtered clean air passes through the suction means. Therefore, no dirt adheres to the suction means, and there is no possibility that the air volume balance of the airflow will be lost or that explosion and ignition will occur due to contact between the suction means and dust.

  The tenth dust collector of the present invention comprises a base on which the suction means, the first dust collection means, the second dust collection means, the suction means, the exhaust means, and the sewage tank are provided. The lower portion of the base is provided with a caster for movably supporting the base and a fixing means for fixing the base.

  According to the tenth dust collector of the present invention, the dust collector can be easily moved and can be easily fixed at a desired position.

  The eleventh dust collector of the present invention comprises a swirling airflow duct connecting the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means, and the first dust collecting device via the swirling airflow duct. The dust-containing air introduced from the dust means to the second dust collection means is configured to generate a swirling airflow around the second filtration means.

  According to the eleventh dust collector of the present invention, since the gas-liquid contact between the dust-containing air and the liquid in the sewage tank is only once, the pressure loss of the airflow can be reduced and the power consumption can be suppressed. Economic efficiency can be improved. Further, even if water is contained in the dust-containing air introduced into the second filtration means due to water spraying by the liquid spraying means, the moisture is caused by the swirling airflow of the second dust collecting means. Since the water is separated and removed, moisture is prevented from adhering to the second filtration means and the filtration performance is not hindered.

  In a twelfth dust collecting apparatus of the present invention, the dust collecting apparatus includes a descending airflow duct connecting the first dust collecting means and the sewage tank, and the first dust collecting means passes through the descending airflow duct. The dust-containing air introduced into the sewage tank is configured to be introduced into the second dust collecting means from the bottom of the second dust collecting means.

  According to the twelfth dust collecting apparatus of the present invention, the dust-containing air and the liquid in the sewage tank are brought into gas-liquid contact, so that the fire extinguishing action and filtering performance of the dust in the dust-containing air are further improved. Can do.

  In the thirteenth dust collector of the present invention, the swirling air duct connecting the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means, the first dust collecting means and the sewage tank are connected. One of the downflow ducts is provided so as to be selectable, and when the swirling airflow duct is selected, the first dust collection means to the second dust collection means. When the introduced dust-containing air generates a swirling airflow around the second filtering means, and the downflow airflow duct is selected, it is introduced from the first dust collecting means into the sewage tank. The dust-containing air is configured to be introduced into the second dust collecting means from the bottom of the second dust collecting means.

  According to the thirteenth dust collector of the present invention, either a whirling airflow duct or a descending airflow duct is appropriately selected depending on the properties of dust-containing air, the amount of dust generation, the operation time of the dust collector, and the like. The power consumption can be suppressed when the swirl airflow duct is selected, and the fire extinguishing effect can be enhanced when the downflow air duct is selected.

  In the fourteenth dust collector of the present invention, the downstream end of the suction means in the air flow direction is connected to the sewage tank vertically from above so as to form a downward air flow toward the sewage tank. And

  According to the fourteenth dust collector of the present invention, the dust-containing air and the liquid in the sewage tank can be reliably brought into gas-liquid contact, so that the fire extinguishing action and filtering performance of the dust in the dust-containing air are further improved. Can be made.

  According to the present invention, various excellent effects can be obtained, for example, the fire extinguishing action and filtering performance of dust in dust-containing air can be improved.

It is a front view which shows the dust collector of the swirl | vortex airflow system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the dust collector of the swirl | vortex airflow system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a right view which shows the dust collector of the swirl airflow system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the direction of the flow of dust-containing air in the dust collector of the swirling airflow system which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the dust collector of the downdraft system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the dust collector of the downdraft system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a right view which shows the dust collector of the downdraft system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the direction of the flow of dust-containing air in the dust collector of the downdraft method which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a dust collector according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, a swirling airflow type dust collector 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a front view showing a swirling airflow type dust collecting apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the swirling airflow type dust collecting apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 shows the direction of the flow of dust-containing air in the swirl airflow type dust collector according to the present embodiment. It is explanatory drawing shown.

  A swirling airflow type dust collecting apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment includes a base 11 provided at a lower portion, a suction portion 12, a wet first dust collecting portion 13, and a dry second attached to the base 11. The dust collecting unit 14, the suction unit 15, and the exhaust unit 16, and the sewage tank 17 provided inside the base 11 are configured.

  As shown well in FIG. 2, the suction portion 12 is disposed on the front left side of the base 11 in a plan view, and the first dust collecting portion 13 is on the right side of the suction portion 12 and The second dust collecting part 14 is arranged on the left side of the base 11 on the left side of the first dust collecting part 13 and behind the suction part 12 and the suction part 15 is arranged on the second front side. The exhaust part 16 is arranged on the right side of the suction part 15 and behind the dust collection part 14 and on the left rear side of the base 11. That is, the suction part 12, the first dust collecting part 13, the second dust collecting part 14, the suction part 15, and the exhaust part 16 are arranged on the base 11 so that the flow of dust-containing air meanders in a plan view. Has been.

  Under the base 11, casters 18 that support the base 11 so as to be movable are provided at four corners, respectively, and adjusters 19 (fixing means) that fix the base 11 by extending downward and abutting against the floor surface. ) Is provided close to each caster 18.

  The suction part 12 is formed by bending a cylindrical duct at a right angle at two locations, and is arranged above the front left corner of the base 11 and from the lower end of the vertical duct part 20 to the right. A horizontal duct portion 21 that is bent at right angles to the right side, and a connection duct portion 22 that is bent at a right angle downward from the right end of the horizontal duct portion 21 and communicates with the sewage tank 17.

  A suction port 23 is opened at the upper end of the vertical duct portion 20, and a fire damper 24 is attached below the suction port 23. The fire damper 24 normally maintains the posture of opening the flow path in the vertical duct section 20, but when the internal temperature rises due to dust explosion or fire, the sensor detects the temperature and the flow is Operates to close the road.

  A check valve 25 is attached to the horizontal duct portion 21, and the check valve 25 allows only a one-way air flow from the suction port 23 toward the sewage tank 17. As a result, even if dust explodes on the downstream side of the check valve 25 in the airflow direction, it is possible to prevent the blast and fire from propagating to the suction port 23 and to protect surrounding workers from the blast and fire. can do.

  Further, ground wires are connected to the upper and lower flange portions 26 of the vertical duct portion 20 and the left and right flange portions 27 of the horizontal duct portion 21 to be grounded. Thereby, in the suction part 12, since dust-containing air is not charged or static electricity is not generated, it is possible to prevent internal ignition and explosion.

  The first dust collecting unit 13 includes a metal-made rectangular cylinder-shaped body 30 placed on the base 11, and the bottom of the body 30 is opened to communicate with the sewage tank 17. A first filtration unit 31 is provided inside the body 30, and the first filtration unit 31 includes a filling unit 32 and a liquid spray facility 34 having a spray nozzle 33 provided above the filling unit 32, And a pre-filter 35 provided above the spray nozzle 33.

  The filling portion 32 is configured by spreading stone rollers 36 in a rectangular box made of stainless steel. Preferably, 3 min. Is used as the stone roller 36, and the thickness for spreading the stone roller 36 is about several tens of mm. The reason for using 3 min. For the stone roller 36 is that if the size of the stone roller 36 is too small, the pressure loss when the dust-containing air passes through the filling portion 32 sprayed with water on the stone roller 36 becomes excessive. In addition, the thickness of the stones 36 is set to about several tens of mm. The thicker the thickness, the more the spark when dust-containing air passes through the filling part 32 can be removed. This is to prevent excessive pressure loss when the dust-containing air passes.

  In addition to the spray nozzle 33, the liquid spray facility 34 includes a water supply filter, a solenoid valve, a water regulator, a flow meter, and the like. As a result, the water supplied from the water supply passes through the water supply filter, and then is supplied to the spray nozzle 33 through the water regulator in accordance with the ON operation of the solenoid valve. It can be confirmed with a total. The spray nozzle 33 is arranged at one center of the body 30 and can spray water in a pyramid shape at a spray angle of about 90 degrees downward toward the filling portion 32. In addition, since the 1st dust collection part 13 is square shape in planar view, the pyramid-shaped spray nozzle 33 which can be fully dispersed water to four corners is used. Furthermore, since the pyramid-shaped spray nozzle 33 capable of wide-angle water spraying is provided, the distance in the height direction from the filling portion 32 can be shortened, and the height of the first dust collecting portion 13 is reduced. Can do.

  The pre-filter 35 is configured by arranging demisters 39 made of a non-combustible material in a metal box in two upper and lower stages, and the demister 39 is formed after weaving a thin metal wire having a diameter of 0.12 to 0.25 mm. It is made into a mat by laminating several layers. The demister 39 does not ignite because the material is metal.

  The body portion 30 is provided with a horizontally-long rectangular inspection door 40 in front of the filling portion 32 so as to be openable and closable, and a horizontally-long rectangular demister inspection door 41 in front of the prefilter 35. Is attached. In addition, a plurality of (for example, four) temperature sensors 42 are attached to the body portion 30 between the filling portion 32 and the spray nozzle 33, and between the filling portion inspection door 40 and the demister inspection door 41 and above. Fire extinguishing ports 43 are respectively attached to the front. A plug that normally closes the fire opening 43 is detachably attached to the fire opening 43. By providing this fire-extinguishing port 43, even if a fire occurs inside the first dust collecting unit 13 due to an explosion, a fire extinguishing agent is injected from the fire-extinguishing port 43 without opening the inspection doors 40 and 41. By doing so, fire extinguishing work can be done quickly.

  A first diffusion part 44 is provided above the body part 30 of the first dust collecting part 13. The first diffusion part 44 is made of metal and has a rectangular tube-shaped first diffusion duct 45 having a diameter smaller than that of the trunk part 30 extending upward from the trunk part 30 and an upper end opening of the first diffusion duct 45. And a first diffusion lid 46 that can be opened and closed.

  Packing (not shown) is affixed to the outer periphery of the lower surface side of the first diffusion lid 46, and hinges 47 are attached to both ends of one side (right side in the drawing) of the first diffusion lid 46, respectively. It has been. Thereby, during the operation of the dust collector 10, the first diffusing lid 46 is sucked downward due to the negative pressure in the first dust collecting unit 13, and the first diffusing duct is passed through the packing. The top opening of 45 is closed. Further, when an explosion occurs inside the first dust collecting unit 13, the upper end opening of the first diffusion duct 45 is opened by rotating outwardly with the hinge 47 as a fulcrum by the explosion pressure at that time. It is configured. When the pressure of the 1st dust collection part 13 rises to about 10 kPa normally assuming the dust explosion, the 1st diffusion part 44 will open the upper end opening of the 1st diffusion duct 45. It is designed to open and suppress the increase in the internal pressure of the first dust collecting unit 13.

  Also, the hinge 47 is formed with a vertically long hole 48, and when the internal pressure suddenly rises when an explosion occurs inside the first dust collecting portion 13, the first diffusion lid 46 is provided. The hinge 47 is configured to rotate about the upper end portion of the long hole 48 as a fulcrum after being instantly lifted upward by the length of the long hole 48. Thereby, since the internal pressure of the raised 1st dust collecting part 13 can be instantaneously dissipated and reduced, damage to the 1st dust collecting part 13 can be suppressed to the minimum.

  Further, although not particularly illustrated, the first diffusing lid 46 and the first dust collecting unit 13 or the first diffusing duct 45 are connected by a wire rope, and the first diffusing lid 46 is disposed during dust explosion. It is designed not to be blown upward. Note that the first diffusion lid 46 may be fixed by being pressed from above by a plurality of fasteners. In this case, the dimensions and shape of the fasteners are deformed by a preset explosion pressure. The first radiating lid 46 is determined to break and open the upper end opening of the first radiating duct 45.

  An electrical box (control panel) 49 is attached to the right side surface of the body part 30 with the front side facing the right side. The electrical box 49 has a dustproof structure, and prevents explosive dust from entering. Various switches such as an operation / stop switch, a backwash operation switch, and an emergency stop switch, and various indicators such as a temperature indicator and a humidity indicator are provided on the front surface of the electrical box 49. In addition, a ground terminal (not shown) is provided inside the electrical box 49, and a ground wire (not shown) for supplying power to the device and a ground wire for each device are connected to the ground terminal. Has been.

  The second dust collecting unit 14 includes a metal cylindrical body 50 placed on the base 11, and the bottom of the body 50 is opened to communicate with the sewage tank 17. A conductive part that has been subjected to a conductive treatment is formed in a part that contacts the dust-containing air inside the body part 30, and a ground wire 28 (see FIG. 5) is connected to the conductive part and grounded.

  A second filtration unit 51 is provided inside the body unit 30. The second filtration unit 51 includes a dry filter (filter material) 52 that has been subjected to antistatic treatment. The filter 52 is formed by collecting three pleated filter units formed in a cylindrical shape by folding the filter cloth into a cartridge shape. As an example of the antistatic treatment, a conductive material is attached or painted on a part of the surface of the filter 52, and the conductive portion of the filter 52 and the conductive portion of the body portion 50 are connected by a ground wire or the like to charge the filter 52. The electricity is finally discharged to the ground via the body 50.

  A fire extinguishing port 54 is attached to the front center portion of the body 50, and a plug that normally closes the fire extinguishing port 54 is detachably attached to the fire extinguishing port 54. Thereby, even if a fire occurs inside the second dust collecting unit 14 due to an explosion, a fire extinguishing work can be quickly performed by injecting a fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing port 54.

  A flat cylindrical box-shaped roof 55 is provided above the body portion 50. The roof 55 is detachably attached to the upper end of the trunk portion 50 with a fixing bolt 56. By removing the fixing bolt 56, the inside of the trunk portion 50 can be inspected and the filter 52 can be replaced. Yes. The inside of the roof 55 is a clean room, and a temperature / humidity sensor 57 is installed in the roof 55. The temperature / humidity sensor 57 detects the temperature / humidity inside the roof 55. When the detected temperature value exceeds a predetermined value or when the detected humidity value falls below a predetermined value, an alarm output, emergency stop, etc. An abnormal signal is output. In addition, since the static paper describes that static electricity is suppressed when the relative humidity is 55% or more in the lecture paper of the electrostatic society, in this embodiment, the predetermined value of humidity is set to 60% relative humidity. .

  Above the roof 55, a compressed air injection facility 58 is provided. The compressed air injection equipment 58 includes a tank 59 for storing compressed air, and three electromagnetic valves 61 connected to the tank 59 via a pipe 60, and each electromagnetic valve 61 has the three pleats. Each is installed above the filter unit.

  A second diffuser 62 is provided on the left side of the body 50 of the second dust collector 14 so as to project outside the sewage tank 17 in plan view. The second diffusing portion 62 is made of metal and has a rectangular cylindrical second radiating duct 63 extending upward from the left side portion of the body portion 50 and a second diffusing duct 63 capable of opening and closing the upper end opening of the second diffusing duct 63. And two diffusion lids 64. In addition, since the 2nd radiation | emission lid | cover 64 has the structure similar to the above-mentioned 1st radiation | emission part 44, detailed description here is abbreviate | omitted.

  The body part 30 of the first dust collection part 13 and the body part 50 of the second dust collection part 14 are connected by a duct 70 for swirling airflow. The swirling airflow duct 70 is formed by bending a cylindrical duct at right angles at two locations, and is connected to the rear side upper part of the body part 30 of the first dust collecting part 13, and an upstream end part 71, A vertical duct portion 72 formed by bending downward from the upstream end portion 71 at a right angle, and an outer periphery of the trunk portion 50 of the second dust collecting portion 14 bent at a right angle from the lower end of the vertical duct portion 72 to the left. And a horizontal duct portion 73 connected in an eccentric state to the upper surface.

  The suction part 15 includes a suction power source 80 mounted on the base 11, an upstream suction duct part 81 connecting the second dust collecting part 14 and the suction power source 80, a suction power source 80 and the exhaust part 16. And a downstream suction duct portion 82 for connecting the two.

  The suction power source 80 includes a fan surrounded by the casing 83 and a motor 84 for driving the fan. In this embodiment, commonly used fans and motors are used. However, using an explosion-proof fan and motor further improves safety and reduces the risk of dust explosion. Can be reduced.

  The upstream suction duct portion 81 is formed by a cylindrical duct, and is connected to the rear left side of the outer peripheral surface of the roof 55 of the second dust collecting portion 14, and is perpendicular to the horizontal duct portion 85 downward. And a vertical duct portion 86 that is bent at the same time.

  The exhaust part 16 is configured by connecting a muffler 87 to which a downstream suction duct part 82 of the suction part 15 is connected to a lower side surface and a fire damper 88 connected to the upper side of the muffler 87 in the vertical direction. An exhaust port 89 is provided at the upper end opening.

  The sewage tank 17 includes a partition plate 90 that partitions the interior into two regions, a first region and a second region, an upper limit water level sensor 91 that detects an upper limit water level inside, and a lower limit water level sensor that detects an inner lower limit water level. 92, a sewage tank inspection door 93 attached to the front face so as to be openable and closable, a drainage port 94 provided on the right side, and a drainage pump 95 provided in the sewage tank 17. The drain pump 95 is controlled to start operation when the upper limit water level sensor 91 detects the upper limit water level, and to stop the operation where the lower limit water level sensor 92 detects the lower limit water level.

  The partition plate 90 is suspended from the upper surface of the sewage tank 17 and is always in contact with the water surface of the sewage tank 17 and is formed so that the first area and the second area communicate with each other. Moreover, the height of the lower end of the partition plate 90 is set to be lower than the height of the lower limit water level of the sewage tank 19 set by the water level lower limit sensor 92.

  As well shown in FIG. 2, the partition plate 90 is bent in a plan view so as to partition the first region and the second region. The first region is a region where the first dust collecting unit 13 is mainly placed in a plan view, a portion where the connection duct portion 22 of the suction unit 12 communicates with the sewage tank 17, and a first collecting unit. The bottom part of the trunk part 50 of the dust part 13 includes a part communicating with the sewage tank 17. The second area is an area where the second dust collecting part 14 is mainly placed in a plan view, and the bottom part of the body part 50 of the second dust collecting part 14 communicates with the sewage tank 17. Contains parts.

  Next, the operation of the swirling air flow type dust collecting apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described with reference mainly to FIG.

  For example, dust-containing air containing dust such as explosive powder and combustible powder (non-oxidized fume) sucked into the suction portion 12 from the laser welding machine in the factory through the suction port 23 of the dust collector 10, It is sucked into the sewage tank 17 through the connection duct portion 22 via the fire damper 24 and the check valve 25.

  Since the dust-containing air sucked into the sewage tank 17 falls into the water substantially perpendicular to the water surface of the sewage tank 17, the dust in the dust-containing air is extinguished by inertial collision with water, and the extinguished dust Settles in the sewage tank 17.

  On the other hand, the dust-containing air including dust remaining without being separated and removed in the sewage tank 17 moves horizontally along the water surface of the sewage tank 17, and then enters the body 30 from the bottom of the first dust collection unit 13. And is guided to the filling part 32.

  In the filling part 32, the surface of the stone roller 36 is wetted by water droplets sprayed from the spray nozzle 33, and gas-liquid contact is performed between the dust-containing air rising in the filling part 32 and the wet water on the surface of the stone roller 36, Cooling action and fire extinguishing action are performed on dust in the dust-containing air.

  At this time, water droplets sprayed from the spray nozzle 33 come into contact with the rising airflow of the dust-containing air, and evaporation from the waterdrop surface is continuously performed to generate water vapor. Thereby, since the relative humidity in the 1st dust collection part 13 is maintained at 60% or more, generation | occurrence | production of the static electricity in the 1st dust collection part 13 is suppressed.

  The dust-containing air that has passed through the filling section 32 and has risen to the downstream side of the spray nozzle 33 then passes through the upper and lower demisters 39 of the prefilter 35. At this time, the dust-containing air contains particulate water droplets due to spraying of water droplets by the spray nozzle 33, but these water droplets are removed when passing through the upper and lower two-stage demisters 39.

  Thus, the dust-containing air that has been cooled and extinguished in the first dust collecting section 13 and from which water droplets have been removed is supplied from the upper portion of the first dust collecting section 13 to the second dust collecting section via the swirling airflow duct 70. 14 leads to.

  Since the horizontal duct portion 73 of the swirling airflow duct 70 is eccentrically connected to the upper part of the outer peripheral surface of the trunk portion 50 of the second dust collecting portion 14, the swirling airflow duct 70 to the second dust collecting portion 14 are connected. The dust-containing air that has flowed into the inside descends while turning around the outside of the filter 52, and then rises while turning inside the filter 52 from the lower end of the filter 52. The dust in the dust-containing air is thus reliably filtered while passing through the filter 52 while swirling, and falls directly into the sewage tank 17 through the bottom opening of the trunk portion 50, or , Adheres to the filter 52. The dust adhering to the filter 52 is separated and removed from the filter 52 by supplying compressed air from above the filter 52 through the solenoid valve 61 which is turned on by timer control, differential pressure control, etc. It falls into the sewage tank 17 through 50 bottom openings.

  The clean air that has been separated and removed in the second dust collecting section 14 in this way is purified from the upstream suction duct section 81 of the suction section 15 from the fan, the downstream suction duct section 82, and the exhaust section 16. Are exhausted from the exhaust port 89 to the outside of the dust collector 10 via the muffler 87 and the fire damper 88.

  Next, a downdraft type dust collector 100 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 6 is a front view showing the downflow type dust collector according to the present embodiment, FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the downflow type dust collector according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 shows the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the flow direction of the dust-containing air in the downflow type dust collector according to the present embodiment. In the following description, for simplification of description, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 5 are used in FIGS. 6 to 9 for the same configuration as the dust collector 10 according to the first embodiment described above. A detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  As in the case of the above-described first embodiment, the downflow-type dust collector 100 according to the present embodiment is mounted on the base 11, the suction unit 12, the wet first dust collection unit 13, A dry second dust collection unit 14, a suction unit 15 and an exhaust unit 16, and a sewage tank 17 provided inside the base 11 are configured.

  However, in the above-described first embodiment, the first dust collecting unit 13 and the second dust collecting unit 14 are directly connected by the swirling airflow duct 70, whereas in the present embodiment, the first dust collecting unit 13 and the second dust collecting unit 14 are connected to each other. The first dust collecting portion 13 and the second dust collecting portion 14 are not directly connected by a duct or the like. Instead, a downflow air duct 101 that connects the first dust collecting portion 13 and the sewage tank 17 is provided. I have.

  The downflow air duct 101 is formed by a cylindrical duct, and is bent at a right angle downward from the horizontal duct part 102 and connected to the upper part of the rear side surface of the body part 30 of the first dust collecting part 13. And a vertical duct portion 103 communicating with the sewage tank 17.

  In the downflow type dust collecting apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, dust-containing air containing dust such as explosive powder and combustible powder (non-oxidized fume) sucked into the suction portion 12. Passes through the sewage tank 17 and the first dust collector 13 as in the case of the swirling airflow dust collector 10 according to the first embodiment. Meanwhile, the dust in the dust-containing air is extinguished, cooled, separated and removed, and the dust-containing air containing the remaining dust is again sucked into the dirty water tank 17 through the downflow duct 101.

  Since the dust-containing air sucked into the sewage tank 17 falls into the water substantially perpendicular to the water surface of the sewage tank 17, the dust in the dust-containing air is extinguished by inertial collision with water, and the extinguished dust Settles in the sewage tank 17.

  On the other hand, the dust-containing air including dust remaining without being separated and removed in the sewage tank 17 moves horizontally along the water surface of the sewage tank 17 and then from the bottom of the second dust collection unit 14 to the inside of the trunk unit 50. Passing through the filter 52 while rising. During this time, the dust in the dust-containing air is reliably filtered and falls directly into the sewage tank 17 through the bottom opening of the trunk portion 50, or after adhering to the filter 52, the dust is filtered by the compressed air injection equipment 58. It is separated and removed from 52 and falls into the sewage tank 17 through the bottom opening of the body 50.

  The clean air that has been separated and removed in the second dust collecting section 14 in this way is purified from the upstream suction duct section 81 of the suction section 15 from the fan, the downstream suction duct section 82, and the exhaust section 16. Are exhausted from the exhaust port 89 to the outside of the dust collector 10 via the muffler 87 and the fire damper 88.

  The swirling airflow dust collector 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the downflow airflow dust collector 100 according to the second embodiment are both the wet first dust collector 13 and the dust collector 100 according to the second embodiment. Since the dry second dust collecting unit 14 is provided, it is possible to improve the fire extinguishing action and the filtering performance on the dust in the dust-containing air. In particular, in the dust collector 100 of the downflow method according to the second embodiment, the dust-containing air and the water in the sewage tank 17 are brought into gas-liquid contact twice, so that the fire extinguishing the dust in the dust-containing air is suppressed. The action and filtration performance can be further improved.

  In addition, by providing a common sewage tank 17 below the first dust collecting unit 13 and the second dust collecting unit 14, it is possible to facilitate the discharge processing of settled dust, sewage, etc. Simplification and reduction of emission costs can be achieved.

  Further, the suction portion 12, the first dust collection portion 13, the second dust collection portion 14, the suction portion 15 and the exhaust portion 16 are arranged so that the flow of the dust-containing air meanders (substantially S-shaped) in plan view. Is efficiently arranged in a zigzag manner on the base 11, so that the dust collectors 10 and 100 can be made compact (downsized). As a result, the installation space can be reduced, and the dust collectors 10 and 100 can be easily moved even when the source of the dust-containing air moves or when collecting dust at different locations.

  In particular, the caster 18 is installed at the lower part of the base 11, and the dust collector 10, the sewage tank 17, the first and second dust collectors 13, 14 are all provided on the base 11. It becomes possible to move 100 more easily.

  Further, the temperature and humidity in the dry second dust collecting unit 14 is detected, and an abnormal signal is output when the detected value of the temperature exceeds a predetermined value or when the detected value of the humidity becomes a predetermined value or less. Thus, it is possible to detect the occurrence of an explosion fire in advance and prevent the occurrence of static electricity and the occurrence of a fire in the second dust collecting unit 14 beforehand.

  Also, the first dust collector 13 and the second dust collector 14 are provided with a first diffuser 44 and a second diffuser 62, respectively, and fire dampers 24 and 88, check valves 25, and Since the ground wire 28 and the like are provided to take measures for various explosions and fires, safety can be improved.

  In the second filtration unit 51 of the second dust collection unit 14, the filter 52 is subjected to antistatic treatment, and static electricity generated by contact with dust-containing air is grounded via the second dust collection unit 14. Since there is no risk of ignition or explosion, the generation of static electricity can be prevented. Further, the filter 52 can collect fine dust having a particle diameter that cannot be collected by the first dust collection unit 13, and can discharge clean air containing no fine dust from the exhaust unit 16.

  Further, when the first dust collecting unit 13 and the second dust collecting unit 14 explode, the first diffusing lid 46 and the second diffusing lid 64 are configured to rotate outward to be opened. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the rotated diffusion lids 46 and 64 from contacting the devices such as the dust collecting portions 13 and 14 and damaging the devices. In addition, since the second diffusing portion 62 is provided so as to protrude outside the sewage tank 17 in plan view, maintenance of the second diffusing portion 62 can be easily performed and above the sewage tank 17. Other devices of the dust collectors 10 and 100 can be arranged, and the space can be effectively used.

  Further, in the first dust collecting section 13, by installing the liquid spraying equipment 34 on the downstream side of the filling section 32, even if fire dust is mixed in the dust-containing air, it is possible to extinguish the fire. It is possible to prevent sparks from flowing into the dust collecting unit 14 and to prevent a fire from occurring in the second dust collecting unit 14.

  Moreover, since the humidity in the 1st dust collection part 13 can be raised more than predetermined value by watering the filling part 32 with the liquid spraying equipment 34, generation | occurrence | production of the fire by static electricity spark can be prevented. .

  Further, in the swirling airflow type dust collector 10 according to the second embodiment, the gas-liquid contact between the dust-containing air and the water in the sewage tank 17 is only once, so the downdraft according to the second embodiment. Compared with the dust collector 100 of the system, the pressure loss of the airflow can be reduced, the power consumption can be suppressed, and the economic efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, the partition plate 90 partitions the interior of the sewage tank 17 into a first region on the first dust collector 13 side and a second region on the second dust collector 14 side, thereby flowing into the sewage tank 17 from the suction portion 12. Thus, the dust-containing air does not flow into the second dust collecting unit 14, and an airflow flowing into the first dust collecting unit 13 can be surely formed.

  Also, explosive and ignitable dust is collected by the first dust collecting section 13 and the second dust collecting section 14, and the filtered clean air passes through the suction section 15. There is no possibility that the airflow balance of the airflow will be lost, or there will be no explosion or ignition due to contact between the fan and dust.

  In addition, between the first dust collection unit 13 and the second dust collection unit 14, the properties of dust-containing air (ignition, ease of explosion, explosion index Kst value, fineness of particle diameter) and dust generation amount It is also possible to configure so that one of the swirling airflow duct 70 and the descending airflow duct 101 can be appropriately selected and switched depending on the number of the dust collectors and the operation time of the dust collector.

  In this case, as a method for selectively switching between the swirling airflow duct 70 and the descending airflow duct 101, for example, a hose is connected to a duct of a system to be selected using a ferrule joint or a hose band or a clamp, and a system that is not selected. The duct of the desired system can be closed by closing the duct with a blindfold or by connecting the two systems of ducts independently or in the middle and operating the switching valve manually or automatically. Or can be selected.

  Further, the swirling airflow type dust collector 10 has an advantage that the power and power consumption of the fan can be further suppressed, and the downflow airflow type dust collector 100 has a fire extinguishing efficiency and a collection (dust removal) efficiency. Since there is a merit that can be further enhanced, it is preferable to determine which system of the swirling airflow duct 70 and the descending airflow duct 101 should be selected in consideration of the merit of each method. For example, as a case where the downdraft method is selected, for example, when the amount of dust generated from unoxidized fume is large, explosive powder having a relatively high explosive index (Kst value), or explosion having a relatively high flammability or ignitability For example, the case where the powder is sucked or the amount of dust sucked is large is suitable.

  When the swirling airflow duct 70 is selected and operated as the swirling airflow type dust collector 10, when the relative humidity in the second dust collecting portion 14 falls below a predetermined value, it is manually or automatically operated. It is also possible to operate the switching valve to switch to the downflow duct 101 and to operate as a downflow type dust collector 100 by control.

  In addition, since description of embodiment of this invention mentioned above has demonstrated the preferred embodiment in the dust collector which concerns on this invention, it may attach various technically preferable restrictions. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments unless specifically described to limit the present invention. That is, the above-described components in the embodiment of the present invention can be appropriately replaced with existing components and the like, and various variations including combinations with other existing components are possible. The description of the embodiment of the present invention described above does not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims.

  The technology of the present invention is expected to be used in a dust collector that purifies air in a factory by sucking dust generated from a processing machine or the like in the factory.

10 Dust collector 11 Base 12 Suction part (suction means)
13 First dust collecting part (first dust collecting means)
14 Second dust collecting part (second dust collecting means)
15 Suction part (suction means)
16 Exhaust section (exhaust means)
17 Sewage tank 18 Caster 19 Adjuster (fixing means)
31 1st filtration part (1st filtration means)
32 Filling section 33 Spray nozzle 34 Liquid spray equipment (liquid spray means)
35 Pre-filter 36 Stone 44 44 First radiation part (radiation means)
45 1st diffusion duct 46 1st diffusion lid 51 2nd filtration part (2nd filtration means)
62 2nd radiation | emission part (radiation means)
63 2nd diffuser duct 64 2nd diffuser cover 70 Duct for swirl airflow 100 Dust collector 101 Duct for descending airflow

Claims (14)

A dust collector for separating and removing dust in dusty air by generating an airflow of dusty air,
A suction means for sucking dust-containing air from the outside;
A wet first dust collecting means comprising: a liquid spraying means for spraying liquid onto the dust-containing air sucked from the suction means; and a first filtering means for collecting the dust in the dust-containing air;
A second dry type having a second filtering means provided on the downstream side in the air flow direction of the first dust collecting means and collecting dust in the dust-containing air that could not be collected by the first dust collecting means. Dust collection means,
A suction means for generating an air current of dust-containing air inside the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means via the suction means;
An exhaust means provided on the most downstream side in the airflow direction, for exhausting clean air from which dust in the dust-containing air is separated and removed in the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means to the outside;
The first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means are mounted, and contain the dust separated and removed from the dust-containing air in the first dust collecting means and the liquid sprayed by the liquid spraying means. And a sewage tank for storing the dust separated and removed from the dust-containing air in the second dust collecting means,
The air flow direction downstream end of the suction means, the bottom of the first dust collection means, and the bottom of the second dust collection means are each configured to communicate with the sewage tank. Dust collector characterized.   The suction means, the first dust collection means, the second dust collection means, the suction means, and the exhaust means are arranged so that the flow of dust-containing air meanders in a plan view. The dust collector according to claim 1.   Each of the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means includes a diffusion means for releasing an internal explosion pressure to the outside, and the diffusion means includes the first dust collection means and the first dust collection means. A diffusion duct extending upward from the second dust collecting means, and a diffusion cover provided at the upper end of the diffusion duct, the diffusion cover being normally closed and being subjected to an explosion pressure during an explosion inside. It is comprised so that it may open | release, The dust collector of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The said radiation | emission duct is formed so that it may protrude outside the said sewage tank by planar view, The said radiation | emission lid | cover is comprised so that it may be open | released by rotating outside. The dust collector described in 1. The first dust collecting means is configured to generate upward airflow by sucking dust-in air from the bottom and discharging from the top.
The first filtering means includes a filling portion in which stone rollers are spread and a prefilter made of a non-combustible material provided above the filling portion, and the liquid spraying means is provided above the filling portion. The dust collector according to claim 1, further comprising a spray nozzle. In the part that comes into contact with the dust-containing air inside the second dust collecting means, a conductive part subjected to a conductive treatment is formed, and the conductive part is grounded,
The said 2nd filtration means is equipped with the filtering material which performed the antistatic process, This filtering material is earth-connected to the said electroconductive part of the said 2nd dust collection means, The 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The dust collector according to claim 1.   The said 2nd dust collection means is provided with the humidity sensor which detects internal humidity, and when the humidity detected by this humidity sensor is below a predetermined value, an abnormal signal is output. The dust collector according to claim 6.   The sewage tank includes a first region including a communication part to the sewage tank at a downstream end portion in the airflow direction of the suction means and a communication part to the sewage tank at a bottom part of the first dust collecting means; A partition plate is provided for partitioning the bottom of the second dust collecting means to a second region including a communicating portion to the sewage tank, the partition plate being in contact with the liquid level of the sewage tank and The dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first region and the second region are provided so as to communicate with each other.   The dust collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the suction means is provided on the downstream side in the air flow direction of the second dust collecting means.   A base on which the suction means, the first dust collection means, the second dust collection means, the suction means, the exhaust means, and the sewage tank are provided is provided. The dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a caster that movably supports the table and a fixing unit that fixes the base.   A swirling airflow duct connecting the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means is provided, and the first dust collecting means passes through the swirl airflow duct to the second dust collecting means. The dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the introduced dust-containing air is configured to generate a swirling airflow around the second filtering means. .   A duct for descending airflow connecting the first dust collecting means and the sewage tank, and the dust-containing air introduced into the sewage tank from the first dust collecting means via the duct for descending airflow is The dust collecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the dust collecting apparatus is configured to be introduced into the second dust collecting means from the bottom of the second dust collecting means. . One of the swirling airflow duct connecting the first dust collecting means and the second dust collecting means and the downflow air duct connecting the first dust collecting means and the sewage tank is provided. It is provided so that it can be selected,
When the whirling air duct is selected, the dust-containing air introduced from the first dust collecting means to the second dust collecting means generates a swirling air current around the second filtering means. When the downflow air duct is selected, the dust-containing air introduced into the sewage tank from the first dust collecting means is introduced into the second dust collecting means from the bottom of the second dust collecting means. It is comprised so that it may introduce | transduce in, The dust collector of any one of Claims 1-10 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The downstream end of the suction means in the airflow direction is connected to the sewage tank vertically from above so as to form a descending airflow toward the sewage tank. The dust collector according to claim.

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