JP2014114940A - Rail sliding type aseismic base isolation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sliding type aseismic base isolation device capable of positively attaining aseismic base isolation performance even if a heavy weight item is installed at the middle floor of a building.SOLUTION: This slide type aseismic base isolation device is constituted by installation members 4 for installing heavy weight item W; upper slide rails 1 arranged in parallel with the installation members 4; fixing members 7 fixed on and mounted to a mounting surface 8; fixed rails 5 crossing with the upper slide rails 1 in a three-dimensional manner and mounted in parallel to each other on the fixing members 7; intermediate slide members 2 present between the upper slide rails 1 and the fixed rails 5; upper slide restricting portions 1b protruded at a slide motion upper limit position of the upper slide rails 1; and intermediate slide restricting portions 5b protruded at the slide motion limit position of the intermediate slide members 2 of the fixed rails 5 so as to restrict a sliding range of the intermediate slide members 2.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding-type seismic isolation device that prevents secondary damage caused by a tsunami that occurs due to shaking caused by the occurrence of a massive earthquake, such as a large generator or transformer.

  Conventionally, seismic isolation devices that use a shock-absorbing device such as a spring or rubber material or seismic isolation devices to protect not only factory buildings but also factory equipment from earthquakes have been included in these equipment. It has been subjected. For example, it is composed of an upper support that supports equipment, a lower support that is supported by the base, and a suspended portion that slidably connects both these supports, and is built in the suspended portion. A seismic isolation device has been proposed in which the above-described support is swingably supported by an elastic action of a coil spring so as to obtain a seismic isolation function (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  However, since such a seismic isolation device uses a coil spring as the elastic body of the hanging part, the height of the entire seismic isolation device is large, and it is difficult to use when the height of the installation space is limited. Met. In addition, in the case of heavy equipment such as large generators and transformers with several tons to tens of tons, the center of gravity of the heavy equipment becomes high and unstable when installed underneath. There was also a problem of becoming.

  Also, in the case of heavy-weight power supply equipment such as generators and transformers, since the installation conditions of the ground are necessary, the heavy objects are installed on the basement floor or ground floor of the building, and the heavy objects are exempted. Supports seismic isolation with a seismic device. As an example, an underground foundation disposed on a pile driven into the ground, a plurality of seismic isolation devices disposed thereon, and a structure (heavy object) ) Is constructed with a base portion on which a large-scale seismic isolation device having a large supporting load is constructed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). ).

  However, even with such a seismic isolation structure, it may not be possible depending on the location conditions. In other words, in the case of the heavy power equipment built in buildings along the coast, considering the effects of the tsunami that pushes in with the occurrence of a large earthquake, May be damaged. Therefore, the current situation is that we want to bring heavy objects to the middle floor of the building.

  However, the impact of the earthquake increases as the upper floors of the building swing, making it difficult to install heavy objects and seismic isolation devices on the middle floors. For this reason, in order to install a heavy load on the middle floor, not only does it need sufficient support strength to support the heavy load, but also a seismic isolation structure that reliably blocks transmission of shaking due to a strong earthquake. In the present situation, there is a problem that a highly reliable seismic isolation device suitable for installing heavy objects on the middle floor cannot be secured. In addition, there was a problem that sufficient space for installing seismic isolation devices could not be secured on the middle floor of the building.

JP 2008-169681 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-13068

  Therefore, the present invention only requires a small installation space, and even if heavy objects such as large generators and transformers are installed on the middle floor of the building, seismic isolation performance can be obtained reliably, and a powerful earthquake can be achieved with a simple configuration. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable sliding type seismic isolation device capable of instantaneously interrupting the vibration transmission force.

Claim 1 relates to the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A of the present invention,
“Mounting member 4 for loading heavy object W;
An upper slide rail 1 installed parallel to the lower surface of the mounting member 4, the lower surface being a sliding surface 11;
A fixing member 7 fixedly installed on the installation surface 8;
A fixed rail 5 that is three-dimensionally intersecting the upper slide rail 1 and parallel to each other on the fixed member 7, and whose upper surface is a sliding receiving surface 51;
An upper sliding groove 2m is formed between the upper sliding rail 1 and the fixed rail 5 and slides the upper sliding rail 1 in the rail direction of the upper sliding rail 1 with a predetermined frictional force on the upper surface. An intermediate sliding member 2 having a lower sliding groove 2n formed on the lower surface thereof for sliding the fixed rail 5 in the rail direction of the fixed rail 5 with a predetermined frictional force;
An upslip restricting portion 1b that protrudes at a sliding movement limit position of the upsliding rail 1 and restricts a sliding range of the upsliding rail 1;
The fixed rail 5 is provided with an intermediate slip restricting portion 5b that protrudes at the slip movement limit position of the intermediate slide member 2 and restricts the slide range of the intermediate slide member 2. .

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the lower surface of the upper slide rail 1 is disposed in a state of three-dimensionally intersecting the fixed rail 5 via the intermediate slide member 2 on the upper surface of the fixed rail 5, the slide type The intermediate sliding member 2 can be freely slid on the upper surface of the lower fixed rail 5 while the overall height H of the vibration isolator A can be lowered and installed on the middle floor of the building. Thus, the upper slide rail 1 on the upper side can be freely slid in the cross direction in a three-dimensional manner, and a slide having a predetermined frictional force is realized. In other words, when both the rails 1 and 5 are subjected to a shake from a small earthquake to a strong earthquake (hereinafter referred to as an external force), the upper slide rail 1 and the intermediate slide member according to the magnitude and direction of the external force. 2 slides with a predetermined frictional force. At this time, external force from the installation surface side (fixed rail 5 side) can be instantaneously released in the horizontal direction by this sliding movement, and transmission of most of the external force to the upslide rail 1 can be blocked. At the same time, all or most of the external force received by the friction caused by the sliding motion of the three-dimensionally intersecting rails 1 and 5 can be attenuated by changing to heat. Therefore, a destructive external force is not transmitted to the heavy object W even when a horizontal shock due to a strong earthquake is received as well as a small earthquake, and the heavy object W can be prevented from falling.

  There are two types of “frictional force”: static frictional force and kinetic frictional force. In the stationary state, static frictional force works, and when sliding begins, the kinetic frictional force works. Accordingly, in the present specification, the term “frictional force” means a static frictional force when in a stationary state and a dynamic frictional force when sliding. Here, the heavy object W is, of course, not limited to this. For example, a large generator or transformer having a weight of several tons to several tens of tons, or other heavy equipment installed in a building. It is equipment. Further, the slip movement limit position refers to a slip restriction position where the upper slide rail 1 or the intermediate slide member 2 slides and reaches the intermediate slip restriction portion 5b of the fixed rail 5 or the slip restriction portion 1b of the upper slide rail 1. The term “seismic isolation” as used in this specification means that the shaking of a large earthquake is blocked from being transmitted to the heavy object W, or part or all of the energy of the shaking is changed to heat to stabilize the heavy object W. This refers to the external force blocking function that holds the

The invention described in claim 2 is the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A according to claim 1, wherein “the intermediate upper rail 3 is interposed between the intermediate sliding member 2 and the upper sliding rail 1, the intermediate sliding member 2 and the fixed rail”. 5 is further provided with an intermediate lower rail 6 between
The upper slide rail 1 is fitted into the intermediate upper rail 3, and an intermediate upper slide groove 3m that slides with a predetermined frictional force is formed.
The fixed rail 5 is fitted in the middle lower rail 6 and a middle lower sliding groove 6n is formed in which the middle lower rail 6 slides with a predetermined frictional force.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the intermediate upper and lower rails 3 and 6 and the intermediate sliding member 2 are further slidably stacked to realize multiple sliding. As described above, the sliding type seismic isolation device A of the present invention is installed even in an installation place where there is no space (for example, the middle floor of a building where shaking is large). Even with a heavy object W having ten tons, the support state can be stably maintained, and it is possible to perform seismic isolation accurately.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A according to claim 2, wherein “the through pin 19 that breaks due to an earthquake or a vibration equivalent to the earthquake penetrates from the upper slide rail 1 to the fixed rail 5. It is provided as a feature.

  As a result, when the penetrating pin 19 breaks due to an earthquake or shear due to an input equivalent to the earthquake, the upper slide rail 1 and the intermediate slide member 2 immediately start to slide and exhibit the above effects. Then, the breakage of the penetrating pin 19 changes the vibration energy to heat and contributes to the vibration reduction. Since the upper slide rail 1, the intermediate slide member 2, and the fixed rail 5 are fixed by the presence of the penetrating pins 19, the heavy load W can be easily attached.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A according to any one of the first to third aspects, “the air having an elastic supporting force in the vertical direction between the heavy load W and the mounting member 4. A spring 60 is further provided ".

  According to this, since the air spring 60 is provided on the upper surface of the mounting member 4, it is possible to obtain a sufficient passive damping action even with respect to an external force (pitch) in the vertical direction. For this reason, not only the horizontal isolation performance but also the vertical isolation performance can be enhanced.

  As a result, seismic isolation performance is ensured even when heavy objects such as large generators and transformers are installed on the middle floors of buildings in a small installation space, and vibration transmission of powerful earthquakes is simple. The power can be cut off instantly.

It is the top view which shows the rail sliding type seismic isolation apparatus of Example 1 of this invention, and its partial enlarged view. It is a front view of FIG. It is the top view which the mounting member of Example 1 of this invention moved to the diagonal direction. FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3. It is a top view of Example 2 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5. It is a top view of Example 3 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a front view of FIG. 7.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a rail sliding type seismic isolation device A according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A includes a plate-shaped mounting member 4, an upper sliding rail 1, an intermediate sliding member 2, a fixed rail 5 and a plate-shaped fixing member 7 in this order. A through-pin 19 that is configured by being laminated and that penetrates and fixes these at the center is provided as necessary. Here, the case where the penetration pin 19 is used is taken as an example. Of course, the penetration pin 19 is provided as needed.

  The mounting member 4 is attached to the bottom surface of a heavy object W such as a large generator or transformer that is a seismic isolation target device or to the four corners thereof, and at least two upper slide rails 1 are parallel to the lower surface. It is attached. On both side surfaces of the main body portion 1a of the upper slide rail 1, a rectangular block-like upper slip restricting portion 1b is integrally projected. The lower surface of the main body portion 1a is a sliding surface 11 having a predetermined contact resistance.

  The installation surface 8 is, for example, a floor surface of an intermediate floor of a building, and a rectangular fixing member 7 is installed thereon. On the fixing member 7, at least two fixed rails 5 are installed and fixed so as to be parallel and three-dimensionally intersect with the upper slide rail 1 (in this case, at right angles). In the same manner as the upper slide rail 1, a rectangular block-shaped intermediate slip regulating portion 5 b is integrally projected on both side surfaces of the main body portion 5 a of the fixed rail 5. And the upper surface of the main-body part 5a is the sliding receiving surface 51 which has predetermined contact resistance. The fixed rail 5 is provided at the third level from the top of all the laminated members.

  The intermediate sliding member 2 is a rectangular block (in this case, a cube is preferable so that the upper and lower grooves have the same length, but it is preferable that at least the length before and after the grooves are formed is the same). An upper sliding groove 2m that slides with the upper slide rail 1 fitted on the upper surface is recessed over the entire length, and the lower surface is fixed at a three-dimensional intersection (in this case, a right angle) with the upper sliding groove 2m. The lower sliding groove 2n into which the rail 5 is fitted and the intermediate sliding member 2 slides along the fixed rail 5 is recessed over the entire length. An intermediate through hole 2P is formed so as to communicate the upper and lower sliding grooves 2m, 2n. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, when the mounting member 4 and the fixing member 7 are positioned so as to face each other, the upper sliding hole 1P and the lower through hole 5P come to a position corresponding to the intermediate through hole 2P. The rail 1 and the fixed rail 5 are perforated, and a through pin 19 is inserted and fixed so as to penetrate the upper through hole 1P, the intermediate through hole 2P, and the lower through hole 5P, and positioning at the initial setting is performed. The through pin 19 is formed of a material that is relatively easy to break, for example, plastic, aluminum, steel, or the like. In the case of steel, a notch not shown is provided in accordance with the boundary between the upper sliding rail 1 and the intermediate sliding member 2 and the boundary between the intermediate sliding member 2 and the fixed rail 5.

  The sliding surface 11 that is the lower surface of the main body portion 1a and the sliding receiving surface 51 that is the upper surface of the main body portion 5a are in strong contact with the upper and lower sliding grooves 2m and 2n that are in sliding contact with each other. The metal material (for example, steel) excellent in abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, and durability is used. The upper and lower sliding grooves 2m, 2n of the intermediate sliding member 2 are made of, for example, steel or cast iron in consideration of wear resistance so that the intermediate sliding member 2 can withstand the high pressure contact of the main body portions 1a, 5a. And it has the surface roughness which can obtain a desired frictional force similarly. Of course, the use of a high strength resin is also conceivable.

  Next, the sliding operation of the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A configured as described above will be described. The mounting member 4 provided with the upper slide rail 1 is mounted with a heavy object W such as a large generator or a transformer as a seismic isolation target device. In other words, the sliding-type seismic isolation device A is mounted on the bottom surface of the heavy object W or at the four corners or more if the heavy object W is huge.

  The load of the loaded heavy object W is received and supported by the upper slide rail 1 and the fixed rail 5 below the upper slide rail 1. The approximate height H is a very low height that is the sum of the fixed member 7, the fixed rail 5, the intermediate slide member 2, the upper slide rail 1, and the mounting member 4. In other words, even when the load W is a large load, the stable support structure is configured to receive the large load on a flat plate surface. Thereby, even if the installation space (height) of the sliding type seismic isolation device A itself is small, it is possible to stably support the heavy object W having several tons to several tens of tons from start to finish.

  When an earthquake occurs with the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A supporting the heavy load W, the vibration of the earthquake is transmitted to the fixed rail 5 via the fixed member 7 integrated with the installation surface 8. When the penetrating pin 19 is mounted, first, an external force is applied to the penetrating pin 19 due to an earthquake, and the penetrating pin 19 is broken by shearing, thereby causing a slip. In other words, the penetrating pin 19 regulates the start of movement of any one of the upper slide rail 1 and the intermediate slide member 2 until an earthquake occurs.

  When the penetrating pin 19 is broken by an earthquake, the intermediate sliding member 2 and the upper sliding rail 1 start to slide relative to the fixed rail 5 and the intermediate sliding member 2 in accordance with the swing directions F1 and F2. If the magnitude of the earthquake is small, the frictional force converts the energy of the earthquake into heat and disappears while reciprocating around the position of the start of sliding, and the reciprocation of the heavy object W also stops as the earthquake stops. .

  If the magnitude of the earthquake is large, the upper slide rail 1 and the intermediate slide member 2 slide while receiving frictional forces in the respective directions, and the upper slide rail 1 and the upper slide rails 2m and 2n on the opening side end surfaces of the intermediate slide member 2 and 2n, The upper slide restricting portion 1b and the intermediate slip restricting portion 5b of the fixed rail 5 collide, and at that time, the sliding movement of the upper slide rail 1 and the intermediate slide member 2 is restricted and stopped. When a swing in the opposite direction is input, the slider slides in the opposite direction and repeats this.

[Example 2]
5 to 6 show a slide-type seismic isolation device A having a multi-layered structure. In this case, the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that an intermediate upper rail 3 is further provided between the intermediate slide member 2 and the upper slide rail 1, and an intermediate lower rail 6 is further provided between the intermediate slide member 2 and the fixed rail 5. . Hereinafter, the difference from the first embodiment will be mainly described. The intermediate upper rail 3 is shorter than the upper slide rail 1, and an intermediate upper slide groove 3 m is provided on the upper surface of the intermediate upper rail 3 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction. The intermediate upper rail 3 is fitted into the upper sliding groove 2m of the intermediate sliding member 2 so as to slide with a predetermined frictional force. In this example, the number of the middle upper rail 3 is one, but a plurality of the middle upper rails 3 may be stacked and fitted so as to slide with a predetermined frictional force. The upper slide rail 1 protrudes slightly above the intermediate upper slide groove 3 m and is attached to the lower surface of the mounting member 4. And the slip control part 3b is protrudingly provided as needed like the upper slide rail 1 at the both-ends side surface of the main-body part 3a.

  The middle lower rail 6 has a shape obtained by reversing the middle upper rail 3, and the lower sliding groove 2n of the middle sliding member 2 is slidably fitted on the middle lower rail 6 with a predetermined frictional force. The fixed rail 5 is fitted into the intermediate lower sliding groove 6m formed over the entire length in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the main body portion 6a of the intermediate lower rail 6, and the intermediate lower rail 6 is fixed rail with a predetermined frictional force. 5 slides along. And the slip regulation part 6b is protrudingly provided as needed like the upper slide rail 1 at the both-ends side surface of the main-body part 6a. Also in this case, through pins 19 are provided so as to penetrate from the upper slide rail 1 to the fixed rail 5 as necessary.

  The operational effect of the multi-layer laminated rail sliding type seismic isolation device A is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the sliding movement is increased as compared with the case of the first embodiment. That is, when an earthquake occurs while the heavy object W is supported, when the penetrating pin 19 is attached, the penetrating pin 19 is first broken by shearing. When the penetrating pin 19 breaks due to an earthquake, basically one of the rails starts to slide first (if there is a difference in frictional resistance, it starts to slide in order of decreasing frictional resistance), centering on the position of the sliding start As reciprocating sliding. If the magnitude of the earthquake is large, not only the rail but also other rails slide according to the magnitude of the earthquake.

[Example 3]
FIG. 8 shows a rail sliding type seismic isolation device A provided with an air spring 60. The sliding type seismic isolation device A has the same configuration except that the air spring 60 is mounted on the rail sliding type seismic isolation device A described in the first embodiment. For this reason, description of the same structure is abbreviate | omitted and only the air spring 60 which is a different point is demonstrated.

  The main part of the air spring 60 is a telescopic air tank 62 formed in a flat circular shape in plan view with a rubber film or the like, and a gas such as compressed air is sealed in the hollow inside of the air tank 62. Yes. The upper and lower surfaces of the air tank 62 are supported in a sandwiched state sandwiched between an upper plate 61 and a lower plate 63 for loading heavy objects, which are formed in a square in plan view that is vertically opposed to each other. As a result, the entire air spring 60 is configured to have a flat shape that is compatible with mounting the heavy object W.

  Among these, the upper plate 61 is provided on the upper surface as a mounting plate on which the heavy object W is directly mounted, and mounting holes 61h are provided at four corners thereof. Then, bolts (not shown) are respectively passed through the mounting holes 61h, and the heavy objects W are screwed and fixed to the upper surface of the upper plate 61.

  On the other hand, the lower plate 63 is formed on the upper surface of a flat plate which is the mounting member 4 (in this case, the heavy object W is indirectly mounted) and has the same shape and is opposed to the plane. 61 and 63 are made to face each other in the vertical direction, and the opposing surfaces are screwed together with a bolt (not shown) and connected. As a result, the air spring 6 is integrated and mounted on the upper slide rail 1 provided at the uppermost portion of the three-layered laminated seismic isolation device A. The sliding type seismic isolation device A is attached to four corners of the bottom surface of the heavy object W or more necessary places.

  When an earthquake occurs and an external force is applied to the sliding type seismic isolation device A of the present embodiment, the transmission of the external force is instantaneously interrupted by the same mechanism as described above in order to slip the earthquake vibration in the horizontal direction. At the same time, it is possible to block most of the external force in the vertical direction that is to be transmitted directly to the heavy load W by the flexible elastic action of the air spring 6 that expands and contracts in the vertical direction.

A: Rail sliding type seismic isolation device, F1: Direction of shaking, F2: Direction opposite to the direction of shaking F1, H: Overall height of the seismic isolation device, W: Heavy load, 1: Upper sliding rail, 1a: Body part 1b: upper slip regulating portion, 1P: upper through hole, 2: intermediate sliding member, 2m: upper sliding groove, 2n: lower sliding groove, 2P: intermediate through hole, 3: intermediate upper rail, 3a: main body portion, 3b: Slip regulating part, 3m: Middle upper sliding groove, 4: Mounting member, 5: Fixed rail, 5a: Main body part, 5b: Middle slip regulating part, 5P: Lower through hole, 6: Middle lower rail, 6a: Main body part, 6b: Slip restricting part, 6m: Lower sliding groove, 6n: Intermediate lower sliding groove, 7: Fixing member, 8: Installation surface, 11: Sliding surface, 19: Through pin, 51: Sliding receiver Surface, 60: air spring, 61: upper plate, 61h: mounting hole, 62: air tank, 63: lower plate.

Claims (4)

A mounting member for loading a heavy object;
An upper slide rail installed parallel to the lower surface of the mounting member, the lower surface being a sliding surface;
A fixing member fixedly installed on the installation surface;
A fixed rail that three-dimensionally intersects the upper slide rail and is installed on the fixed member in parallel with each other, and whose upper surface is a sliding receiving surface;
An upper slide groove is formed between the upper slide rail and the fixed rail, and is formed on the upper surface to slide the upper slide rail in a rail direction of the upper slide rail with a predetermined frictional force. An intermediate sliding member formed with a lower sliding groove that slides in the rail direction of the fixed rail with a predetermined frictional force,
An upper slip restricting portion that protrudes at a sliding movement limit position of the upper slide rail and restricts a sliding range of the upper slide rail;
A rail-sliding type seismic isolation system comprising an intermediate-slip restricting portion that protrudes at a sliding movement limit position of the intermediate-sliding member of the fixed rail and restricts a sliding range of the intermediate-sliding member apparatus. An intermediate upper rail is provided between the intermediate slide member and the upper slide rail, and an intermediate lower rail is further provided between the intermediate slide member and the fixed rail.
The upper slide rail is fitted into the intermediate upper rail, and an intermediate upper slide groove that slides with a predetermined frictional force is formed.
The intermediate lower slide groove is formed in which the fixed rail is fitted into the intermediate lower rail, and the intermediate lower rail slides with a predetermined frictional force.   The rail sliding type seismic isolation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a through pin that breaks due to an earthquake or an input of a shake comparable to an earthquake is provided to penetrate from the upper slide rail to the fixed rail. The rail sliding type seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an air spring having an elastic supporting force in a vertical direction between the heavy object and the mounting member.