JP2014114615A - Opening/closing device for sliding door - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening/closing device for a sliding door, having a full-stroke opening/closing mechanism and a vibration preventing function capable of inhibiting back and forth vibration of a door end in a certain range immediately before closing, and furthermore capable of developing to an automatic opening/closing mechanism only by a mechanical configuration.SOLUTION: A pendulum opening/closing device a is configured by rotatably mounting a swing arm 2 having a roller member 3 and a vibration stop member 4 at its tip to a floor surface fixture 1, and is mounted on a floor surface 34 in disposition in which the swing arm 2 rotates in parallel to the moving direction of a door body 38. A guide slit part b having a roller contact part 5 and an arm movement space 6 is provided in the lower part of the door body 38, the roller member 3 and the vibration stop member 4 are inserted into the roller contact part 5, and opening/closing of the door body 38 is performed by pendulum operation of the swing arm 2. A step-up/down tread device and an interlocking device are provided and connected to the pendulum closing device a, and is developed to an automatic opening/closing mechanism by utilizing the body weight of a passer-by.

Description

  The present invention relates to a sliding door opening and closing device.

  Generally, a sliding door is composed of a door and a frame, and is configured to open and close by moving the door in the left-right direction with respect to the sliding door surface. It consists of a vertical frame on the door side and a vertical frame on the door edge side, and an upper frame and a lower frame that connect both of them. About half of the door edge is a small wall, and the door side is formed as an opening. ing. And the door body arrange | positioned in a frame is comprised so that it can move to the left-right direction. Compared with a door that opens and closes by a rotating operation while holding the door with a hinge or the like, the sliding door is less likely to interfere with the person's standing position, and the dead space is like a door. This is also expected to be excellent in wheelchair traffic, and is expected to increase in terms of barrier-free.

  However, the sliding door is an action that moves the door in the left-right direction, and it cannot be pushed and pulled with its own weight like the door, and it must be opened and closed only with the force of the arm, so it is light force It is the most important point that it can be operated with. Therefore, nowadays, improvements are made on a daily basis so that the running performance of the door cart is improved and it can be operated smoothly even with a small force. However, the lighter the opening / closing operation, the more the speed is applied when the door is closed vigorously, and the door tip surface and the inner surface of the frame collide strongly, generating a large impact sound and causing the door to rebound. Occur. Then, it is necessary to close the door again, and if it is left as it is because it is troublesome to close again, there is a possibility that the airtightness and the light shielding property may be impaired.

  Therefore, as means for solving the problem of preventing the above-mentioned rebound, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-148269, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-012139, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-182426, etc. use friction or a spring immediately before the door is closed. A configuration in which a load is applied by pressing force has been reported. In addition, a configuration in which a simple damper using a highly viscous oil and a spring member are used to apply a load at the final stage of closing, and a closing speed of the door body is weakened to prevent a collision sound and a rebound is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-85101. And JP-A-2007-120619. In addition, as disclosed in JP2010-133135 and JP2010-133221, etc., a configuration in which the closing operation is performed with a full stroke and the deceleration braking operation is performed only at the final stage when the door is completely closed is also reported. Has been.

  In addition, as a kind of sliding door, a floor-mounted traveling type in which the rail is arranged on the lower frame or the floor and the door is attached to the lower part of the door and the rail is arranged on the upper rail and the suspension door is on the upper part of the door. There are upper suspension traveling types that are installed, and naturally the lower frame is not necessary in the case of the upper suspension traveling type. Therefore, in recent years, a suspended running type hanging sliding door that has no protrusions due to rails on the floor surface and is difficult to crawl is preferred, and is considered to be more suitable for passage of elderly and disabled persons. Also, from the standpoint of long-term use, in the case of the floor-mounted traveling type, dust or hair that has fallen out inevitably accumulates on the rails on the floor surface, and these can be entangled with the door wheel at the bottom of the door and hinder travel performance. It is a problem, and it is judged that the suspended traveling type is preferable.

  However, there are a number of improvements in the suspension type, and one of them is that there is nothing on the floor side that restricts the front / rear position of the door, especially the lower part of the door. The problem is that the lower part of the door always staggers in the front-rear direction until it fits into the side junk door. In this problem, it is a little better by attaching a steady rest to the floor surface position just before the small wall, but when the door is opened, the floor surface position in the opening is not stable. Since the stop member cannot be arranged, the current situation is that the fundamental solution has not been reached. In addition, elderly people and other weak people tend to push the doors when they open and close the sliding doors. There is a possibility that the inner surface of the vertical frame hits at a shifted position, and it is assumed that there is still room for improvement.

  Also, as introduced above, various configurations have been reported for general sliding door closing devices, but as a whole it can be said that all these sliding door closing braking devices are located above and above the door body. It is a feature that it is arranged in a frame, and as a result, in the case of the top suspension traveling type in the mounting location and the opening / closing movement range of the door, there is a problem that the suspension door and the closing device are likely to interfere with each other. Therefore, there are many configurations in which a space above is formed by digging further above the suspension frame of the upper frame, and a closed braking device is disposed in that portion, but this is a large space issue. Furthermore, even when the door body is suspended from the frame body, the upper part of the sliding door is densely related to the parts, and it is a problem that construction difficulty is apt to remain.

Here, as another way of thinking at the sliding door, there is a request for automatic opening and closing, and most of the entrances and exits of stores and public facilities are automatically opening and closing. However, these are slightly different from the direction demanded by the aforementioned public relations, etc., and are composed mainly of motors, sensors, and electrical systems. Its configuration is often those conducted in lead-in devices using a wire or the like the whole opening area of the door body, the pull length of the opening and closing the left and right direction for just operating range is wide large scale in a mechanism tending to move it Therefore, it is considered difficult to adapt to the sliding doors of detached houses and condominiums that require cost and compactness. However, the request itself has not disappeared, and various ideas have been reported, such as Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 5-231063 and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 11-336424.
JP 11-148269 A JP 2001-012139 A JP 2001-182426 A JP 2007-85101 A JP 2007-120619 A JP 2010-133135 PR JP 2010-133221 PR Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-231063 JP 11-336424 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can realize a light opening operation, a closing mechanism with a full stroke after releasing, and an operation in which the door tip swings back and forth at a position immediately before closing. An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding door opening / closing device having a new idea, which has a preventable steadying function and can be further developed into an automatic opening / closing mechanism only with a mechanical configuration, at a low cost by a relatively simple mechanism.

  In the present invention, the following technical means are provided to solve the above problems. First, a swing arm provided with a roller member at the tip is attached to a floor surface fixing bracket by an arm rotation shaft so as to be rotatable in a non-backlash state except for a certain direction to constitute a pendulum opening / closing device. And a floor surface fixing metal fitting is attached to the opening side end of the small wall of the floor surface in an arrangement in which the swing arm rotates in a plane parallel to the moving direction of the door body. Therefore, the roller member at the tip of the swinging arm does not rattle completely in parallel with the opening / closing movement surface of the door, and performs a pendulum operation within a predetermined angle range above the floor surface. Further, this pendulum operation is an operation in which the weight center of both the roller member and the swinging arm tends to fall in both directions due to its own weight, with the state where the center of weight is located directly above the arm rotation shaft of the pendulum opening / closing device.

  A roller abutment part, arm movement space, and a guide slit part having a straight slit are provided at the lower part of the door, and the pendulum opening / closing device is attached to the lower part of the small wall surface at the end of the opening of the frame body. With the side face fitted to and close to the inner surface of the straight slit, with the roller member at the tip of the swing arm inserted into the roller abutting portion of the guide slit and the swing arm inserted into the arm movement space The door is arranged on the frame so that it can be opened and closed. Then, the roller member pushes and pulls the roller abutting portion by a rotation operation in a predetermined angle range above the floor surface of the swing arm, so that the door body can be opened and closed. Thus, it is possible to obtain an operation for moving the door in the closing direction or the opening direction with the predetermined position as a boundary.

  Further, this pendulum operation is further developed, and a spring member is mounted so as to cause the swing arm to rotate more strongly near the rotation axis of the pendulum opening / closing device, and the weight of the pendulum opening / closing device and the rotational force of the spring member are arbitrarily set. This makes it possible to change the position of the boundary. As a result, when the door is slightly opened, the structure that emphasizes the opening operation that immediately tries to open beyond the boundary, or the structure that equalizes the opening and closing operations that cross the boundary when the door is opened about halfway, Various settings, such as a configuration that emphasizes the closing operation, which is set so that the position of the border is crossed immediately before fully opening, and the door is closed to the end with a slight closing operation from the state where the door is completely open Is possible.

  As a means for changing the position of the boundary, the outer periphery centering on the arm rotation axis of one end of the swing arm of the pendulum opening / closing device is formed as a gear part, meshed with a linear rack, and the spring member is The structure for providing and pushing and pulling the rack is simple, and further adjustment can be made by providing an adjustment fitting and an adjustment screw on the floor fixing bracket so that the force of the spring member can be adjusted appropriately.

  However, if the spring member is made too strong in this configuration, it is assumed that the swinging arm will be applied too much force, especially just before the position where the swinging arm is completely closed after the weight of the swinging arm is exceeded. It is considered that this tendency is remarkable in the final stage. Therefore, install a damper that is loaded when the pin-shaped tip of the pendulum opening / closing device is fixed to the floor or the swing arm and the pin-shaped tip is submerged. It is arranged so that the damping force of the damper can be obtained within a certain range immediately before starting, and it is possible to control the excessive opening / closing speed due to acceleration at the stage of opening and closing the door body beyond the boundary at the final opening and closing stage. Good.

  Further, as a performance of the pendulum opening / closing device itself, it is assembled in a state in which the backlash other than the pendulum operating direction is limited as much as possible when the floor surface fixing bracket and the swing arm are rotated. At the tip of the swing arm, a roller member that rotates to push and pull the door in the roller contact portion of the guide slit portion and an anti-sway member for regulating the thickness direction in the roller contact portion are provided. Here, the inner dimension in the thickness direction of the roller abutting portion of the guide slit portion provided in the door and the outer dimension of the steadying member are regulated so that both can rotate smoothly and without backlash. Then, the swing arm does not rattle in the front-rear direction with respect to the floor fixing bracket, and further, the guide slit part does not rattle in the front-rear direction with respect to the steadying member. As a result, the door body is completely closed. Even at the immediately preceding position, it is possible to minimize the vibration of the lower part of the door.

  The arrangement of the guide slit portion provided in the door body is not particularly limited, but in general, it is imposed on the lower surface of the door body or a dug is provided in the central portion in the thickness direction of the lower part of the door body. The structure of whether to arrange in the inside can be considered, and the latter which is not visible in appearance is excellent in terms of design. In consideration of the strength of the door, etc., the guide slit portion is preferably thin and small because it can reduce the digging. Therefore, the swing arm is configured so that the two arms expand and contract without rattling, and the two arms expand and contract in response to the lateral opening and closing movement of the roller contact portion of the guide slit portion of the door. However, the roller member may be configured to move in the horizontal direction. Then, it becomes possible to reduce the height from the lower part of the door body of the guide slit part including the arm movement space of the door body.

  In addition, a spring member is inserted in such a manner that a force is always applied between the two arms that are set to be extendable and stretched so that the roller member is directly above the rotation shaft of the pendulum opening / closing device. If the arm is set to be in the most contracted state at the position, the operation of the pendulum opening / closing device that attempts to fall in both directions with this position as a boundary is further enhanced by the spring members in the two swing arms. It becomes possible to do.

  Here, in the above-described configuration, the pendulum opening / closing device is arranged at the floor surface position at the opening side end of the small wall. In order to rotate the swing arm of the pendulum opening and closing device, only a relatively narrow range of operation is required. Further, the position of the operation surface is the end of the floor surface. Multiple lifting racks that rotate the gear part of the swinging arm of the swinging foot plate and pendulum switchgear are arranged with a spring member so that the lifting foot plate always returns to the same height position as the floor surface. It is good to connect with a member. Then, it is possible to obtain an operation of rotating the swing arm by the lowering operation of the elevating tread board, and as a result, it is possible to open the door. In this configuration, it is considered to be very effective that the distance between the lifting footboard and the pendulum opening / closing device is very close and on the same plane.

  The means for connecting the lifting footboard and the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device with a plurality of interlocking members is not particularly limited, but as an example, a plurality of inclined surfaces are provided on the lifting footboard to convert the vertical motion of the lifting footboard into a horizontal motion, A configuration in which the movement distance of the horizontal movement is amplified by a plurality of gears having different numbers of teeth and is operated as movement of the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device is relatively simple. In addition, in order to easily cope with the movement of raising and lowering the lifting foot board at a stretch by applying weight, it is necessary to insert a spring member and a damper in the middle of the structure in which the lifting foot board and the pendulum opening and closing device are connected by a plurality of interlocking members. Good. Then, even in the sudden lowering operation of the lifting footboard, the force is once absorbed and held in the section of the spring member and the damper, and then the door body is opened with the force when the spring member returns with a slight time delay. Is possible.

  A pendulum opening and closing device consisting of a swing arm with a roller member and a floor mounting bracket is placed below the small wall at the end of the opening of the frame, and the roller member of the swing arm is applied to the guide slit at the bottom of the door. The door body is opened and closed by the action of tilting in both directions with the center point of the weight of the entire swinging arm including the roller member at the tip of the pendulum opening and closing device being directly above the rotation axis of the pendulum opening and closing device. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a stable and reliable opening / closing operation.

  Easily change the position of the border by attaching a spring member to rotate the swing arm more strongly near the rotation axis of the pendulum opening and closing device and arbitrarily setting the weight of the pendulum opening and closing device and the rotational force of the spring member It becomes possible to do. Therefore, when the door is slightly opened, the structure that emphasizes the opening operation that immediately opens beyond the boundary, the structure that evenly opens and closes the boundary when the door is about half opened, It is possible to set an arbitrary opening / closing operation such as a configuration focusing on a closing operation in which the position of the boundary is set immediately before the door is completely opened and the door is closed to the end by a little closing operation after the maximum opening.

  When the floor fixing bracket and swing arm are rotated, the backlash other than the pendulum operating direction is limited as much as possible, and a roller member and a steady member are provided at the tip of the swing arm to push and pull the door, and the door is provided. By restricting the inner dimension of the roller abutting part of the guide slit part and the outer dimension of the steady rest member so that it can be barely rotated, the door It is possible to have an anti-sway effect for minimizing the shake as much as possible in the same configuration.

  The swing arm is configured so that the two arms expand and contract without rattling, and the two arms expand and contract with respect to the lateral opening and closing movement of the roller contact portion of the guide slit portion of the door. By configuring the roller member to move in the horizontal direction, the height of the guide slit portion including the arm movement space of the door body from the lower part of the door body can be reduced, and the digging process is facilitated, and It is possible to prevent the strength of the door body from being greatly impaired.

  The swing arm of the pendulum opening and closing device can be rotated by a relatively narrow range of operation, and by effectively utilizing the positional relationship between the two that the operation surface is the end of the floor surface, the floor near the sliding door Place the elevating tread on the surface with a spring member so that it always returns to the predetermined height position, connect the elevating tread and the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device with multiple interlocking members, and move the elevating tread down By converting the operation to rotate the swing arm, it can be developed as an automatic opening / closing device that opens the door.

  As a means of linking the descending operation of the lifting footboard and the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device, an interlocking device is arranged between the lifting footboard and the pendulum opening / closing device, and the vertical movement of the lifting footboard is horizontally leveled using a plurality of inclined members. It is better to use a configuration that once converts into motion, amplifies the distance of the horizontal motion with a plurality of gears with different number of teeth, and finally obtains the necessary lateral motion of the rack of the pendulum opening and closing device. It is possible to store the entire structure including the lifting and lowering treads in a relatively thin planar space horizontal to the floor surface.

  The spring member and the damper are inserted in the middle of the operation process of the interlocking device for interlocking the lifting footboard and the rack of the pendulum opening and closing device. It is constructed so that the door can be opened with a force that the spring member tries to return with a slight time delay after that. Thus, an ideal operation for slowly starting the opening operation can be obtained.

  The pendulum opening and closing device is composed only of a swing arm having a roller member and a floor surface fixing bracket, is simply configured to provide a guide slit portion in the door, and can be configured with a very small number of parts, and It can be made into an inexpensive and compact form. In addition, since the swing arm is simple in operation, there is little fear of malfunction. In addition, the pendulum opening and closing device is configured in a narrow shape, and the guide slit part is dug into the central part of the thickness part of the door body, so that a configuration that is not exposed to the outside can be realized, and the design is improved. It becomes possible to improve.

  Embodiments of a sliding door opening and closing device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of an opening / closing device for a sliding door according to the present invention, and is a state of a closed state where only a lower portion is shown from a pulling portion of a door body 38. First, the sliding door opening and closing apparatus according to the present invention has a pendulum opening and closing structure in which a swing arm 2 having a roller member 3 and an anti-rest member 4 is rotatably mounted on a floor surface fixing bracket 1 as shown in FIG. The apparatus a is disposed below the small wall 35 of the sliding door, and the roller member 3 of the swing arm 2 and the steady rest are provided in the guide slit portion b having the roller contact portion 5 and the arm moving space 6 provided at the lower portion of the door body 38. This is a configuration using the basic operation of inserting the member 4 and opening and closing the door body 38 by the rotating operation of the swing arm 2. Here, in order to make the following explanation easy to understand, a direction in which the door body 38 is opened and closed is expressed as a horizontal direction, and a direction corresponding to the front and rear is expressed as a thickness direction.

  FIG. 2 is a side view of the pendulum opening / closing device a, and FIG. 3 is a top view. 4 is a side locus diagram for explaining the opening / closing force amplifying means using the tension spring 11 and the gear portion 9 disposed inside the floor surface fixing bracket 1 of the pendulum opening / closing device a, and its operation. FIG. 3 is a top view of the roller member 3 and the steadying member 4 formed at the tip of the swing arm 2. First, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a U-shaped portion 8 having a hole into which the arm rotating shaft 7 can be inserted is formed in the floor fixing bracket 1, and the arm rotating shaft 7 is also inserted into one end on the inside thereof. The swing arm 2 provided with a hole that can be fitted is fitted, and the both are rotatably assembled by the arm rotation shaft 7. At this time, the outer surface of the swing arm 2 is rotatable with respect to the inner surface of the U-shaped portion 8 of the floor surface fixing bracket 1 and is hardly rattling. Then, the swing arm 2 is in a state of being rotatable only with respect to the floor surface fixing bracket 1 on a parallel plane centered on the arm rotation shaft 7.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a gear portion 9 is formed on the circumference around the arm rotation shaft 7 at one end of the swing arm 2, and the rack 10 is engaged with the gear portion 9. It arrange | positions so that it may move in the state controlled only to the horizontal direction along the bottom face of the floor surface fixing metal fitting 1. FIG. A spring force adjusting bracket 13 having a tension spring 11 and a female thread portion 12 is provided between the rack 10 and the floor surface fixing bracket 1, and the head of the spring force adjusting screw 14 is mounted on the floor surface fixing bracket 1 in the idling state. Then, the spring force adjusting screw 14 is screwed into the female screw portion 12 of the spring force adjusting fitting 13. The rack 10 and the spring force adjusting fitting 13 are assembled so as to be attracted by the tension spring 11. Then, an operation to rotate the swing arm 2 by the force of the tension spring 11 is obtained.

  4 (a) to 4 (c) are trajectory diagrams showing the rotation operation of the swing arm 2 with respect to the floor fixture 1 in the above-described configuration. Here, in a state where the rotatable angle is not restricted, the swing arm 2 is in a state in which it can rotate about 180 degrees in the upward direction of the floor fixing bracket 1. Therefore, in order to be able to rotate only in the required predetermined angle range, it is preferable to provide stop pieces 15 at two locations so that the swing arm 2 can rotate only in the required predetermined angle range. FIG. 4A shows a state where the swing arm 2 is stopped at a position where the swing arm 2 is tilted to one side, and FIG. 4B shows a state where the swing arm 2 stands substantially vertically. c) shows a state where the swing arm 2 is tilted to the opposite side. Assuming that the tension spring 11 is not attached and the swing arm 2 is completely free, if the swing arm 2 is tilted slightly on both sides from the position shown in FIG. An action to fall is obtained. The condition is that the position of FIG. 4B is when the center of gravity of the swing arm 2 including the roller member 3 at the front end and the anti-rest member 4 is directly above the arm rotation shaft 7 and falls to both sides. The force to be changed can be changed by the weight of the swing arm 2.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, in the state where the force of the tension spring 11 is acting on the swing arm 2, the swing arm 2 is rotated in the opposite direction to the clock in the entire area of FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c). FIG. 4C, which is a state in which the tension spring 11 is stretched most, is the strongest. Therefore, from FIG. 4A to FIG. 4B, the sum of the force to fall in the counterclockwise direction due to the weight of the swing arm 2 and the force in the same direction by the tension spring 11 is applied at each angular position. 4 (b) to 4 (c), only the difference between the clockwise force that tends to fall due to its own weight of the swing arm 2 and the counterclockwise force by the tension spring 11 is the angle of each. It acts as a rotational force at the position. Then, the initial force of the tension spring 11 can be changed by further rotating the spring force adjusting screw 14 to move the position of the spring force adjusting fitting 13 in the lateral direction, and the rotational force applied to the swing arm 2 is appropriately set. It becomes possible to adjust.

  FIG. 5 is a top view of the roller member 3 and the steady member 4 provided at the other end of the swing arm 2, and the roller member 3 is mounted so as to be rotatable with respect to the swing arm 2 by the roller rotation shaft 16. To do. At this time, it is preferable that the outer periphery of the roller member 3 protrudes further than the tip of the swing arm 2. Then, the steadying member 4 is mounted on both sides in the thickness direction of the swinging arm 2 so as to freely rotate. Further, in FIG. 5, the steadying member 4 is shown in a configuration in which spherical members are rotatably arranged at both ends of the roller rotating shaft 16, but there are many possible configurations of the steadying member 4, although not illustrated. The disk-shaped steadying member 4 may be arranged so as to be rotatable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the rotation surface of the swing arm 2. Further, it is preferable that this steadying member 4 is also configured so as to rotate as little as possible in the thickness direction.

  Next, the door 38 also needs a specific shape corresponding to the pendulum opening / closing device a, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the shape. First, a straight slit 17 is provided at a lower position of the door body 38, a mountain-shaped arm movement space 6 is formed on the upper side thereof, and a roller contact portion 5 having a shape that is long in the vertical direction at the central portion located at the peak of the mountain shape. Are formed as guide slit portions b. In FIG. 6, the guide slit portion b is formed in a state where the guide slit portion b is dug in the central position in the thickness direction below the door body 38, and the design is regarded as important. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the central portion of the door body 38 provided with the guide slit portion b. The portion of the door 38 dug into the door body 38 is covered with a resin panel or the like, and the inside thereof is used as the guide slit portion b. The case where it formed is shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the roller member 3 at the tip of the swing arm 2 is in contact with the inner surface in the lateral direction of the roller contact portion 5 of the guide slit b, and the steady member 4 is in roller contact. The swing arm 2 other than the tip portion is inserted in the arm moving space 6 so as to be close to the outer surface of the U-shaped portion 8 of the floor surface fixing bracket 1. The pendulum opening / closing device a is mounted on the floor 34 at the lower part of the small wall 35 on the opening side so as to cover the inner surface of the slit 17. Then, the surface on which the door body 38 moves and the surface on which the swing arm 2 rotates are exactly the same surface, and the door body 38 can be opened and closed as shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 1 and FIG. 8 (a) show the same state in which the door body 38 is closed, and the door tip 37 does not rattle greatly in the front-rear direction in the state of entering the door jack 36 of the vertical frame 39. It is like that. And since the floor surface fixing metal fitting 1 has entered into the straight slit 17 of the guide slit part b, this part has a structure corresponding to the role of a conventional steadying metal fitting.

  Next, the operation of opening the door 38 from the closed state of FIG. First, assuming a state in which the force of the tension spring 11 is not applied to the swing arm 2 at all, the weight of the swing arm 2 near the position where the center of gravity of the swing arm 2 near FIG. Only the force to fall on both sides is applied to the door 38. Here, although the actual opening and closing of the door body 38 is omitted in the drawing, a frictional resistance is generated when the suspended doorwheel or the like travels. Therefore, the swinging arm 2 is generated as an opening / closing movement operation at a stage where the force that causes the swinging arm 2 to fall on both sides exceeds the frictional resistance when the suspension door travels. That is, in order to open the door body 38 by hand from the closed state of FIG. 8A, it is preferable to operate with a force slightly larger than the sum of the running resistance in the initial opening stage and the force that causes the swing arm 2 to fall down. In the vicinity of FIG. 8 (b), the force that causes the swinging arm 2 to fall is small, so that only the running resistance is applied. Thereafter, the force that causes the swinging arm 2 to fall in the opening direction is applied, so that it is lighter. The door 38 can be opened with force.

  FIG. 9 is a continuous display of the trajectory of the swing arm 2 during the opening and closing operation, and the lateral surface of the roller contact portion 5 of the guide slit portion b while the roller member 3 at the tip of the swing arm 2 rotates. At the same time, the steadying member 4 always keeps the state restricted with respect to the thickness direction surface. The swing arm 2 always moves in the arm moving space 6, and the inner surface of the straight slit 17 moves along the outer surface of the U-shaped portion 8 of the floor surface fixing bracket 1.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the above basic operation, a wider opening / closing operation can be obtained by applying an arbitrary magnitude of rotational force by the spring member to the swing arm 2. That is, the most important point is that the position of the boundary can be changed by arbitrarily setting the rotational force of the swing arm 2 by the spring member. As a result, the force of the spring member is not affected so much, and instead, the weight on the tip side of the swing arm 2 is increased, and the boundary is reached when the door body 38 is opened about half by the operation mainly of its own weight. A structure in which the opening force and the closing force are made almost equal, and the spring member is made to exert a relatively large influence by using the tension spring 11 and is set so as to exceed the boundary position immediately before the spring is completely opened. Various settings such as a configuration focusing on a closing operation in which the door body 38 is closed to the end as it is by a slight closing operation from the state of FIG. On the other hand, although not shown in the figure, it is possible to employ a configuration that emphasizes the opening operation in which the compression member 19 is used as a spring member and the door 38 is slightly opened from the closed state to immediately open the boundary 38 as it is. .

  However, in general, the demand as a closer of a sliding door that is a closing device is mainly, and therefore, the configuration using the tension spring 11 shown in FIG. 8 is considered to be the most important. Therefore, in the development as a closing device, in FIG. 8A to FIG. 8B, the closing force due to the weight of the swing arm 2 is also applied, so the load of the tension spring 11 may be small. Therefore, the operating force at the initial stage of release is relatively small and the conditions are good. Then, after FIG. 8B, the load by the tension spring 11 is further increased, but a certain amount is canceled by the force in the releasing direction due to the weight of the swing arm 2, and an opening operation with an extremely strong force is required. As a whole, a very good opening operation can be obtained. Further, the initial force of the tension spring 11 can be adjusted by the spring force adjusting screw 14 after the construction, and it is possible to appropriately correspond to the weight of the door body 38 and the frictional force during traveling.

  Also, many ordinary sliding door closers have a mechanism that allows the door to be stopped while being largely opened. Here, even in the above configuration, if the conditions are good, it is possible to stop at the final position where the swing arm 2 is largely opened by the balance of only the weight of the swing arm 2 and the force of the tension spring 11. However, existing sliding door closers always operate as if they were opened and closed at the time of passage, and often stop with a click when they are intentionally opened wide. Therefore, it is assumed that the closing device for the sliding door according to the present invention preferably has a configuration in which it is more reliably stopped with a click feeling at the maximum open position. Although this stopping means can be made in various configurations, if it is incorporated in the above-described pendulum opening / closing device a, a mechanism using a ball plunger is simple. FIG. 10 is a top view of the swing arm 2, and the tip of the ball 18 is arranged so as to protrude from both outer surfaces of the U-shaped portion 8 at a position close to the arm rotation shaft 7 of the swing arm 2 by a compression spring 19. A fitting hole 20 is provided in the U-shaped portion 8 of the floor surface fixing bracket 1 so as to face the ball 18 at the position of the swing arm 2 to be stopped in the open state. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the ball 18 hits the inner surface of the U-shaped portion 8 of the floor fixture 1 slightly before the stop position on the open side of the swing arm 2, and then the ball 18 is fitted. It becomes an operation of projecting again at the position of the joint hole 20, and a stop mechanism having a click feeling can be added. In this case, it is not necessary to deliberately set the boundary position to the maximum open position, and it is preferable to perform the stop operation with the ball plunger mechanism while the force is always applied in the closing direction.

  Next, in the case of using as a sliding door closer, it is necessary to perform a closing operation just by slightly closing the fully opened state as described above, and it is a condition that it is surely closed to the end as it is. Then, it is assumed that a certain amount of inertia force is applied, and the door tip 37 strongly contacts the inner surface of the door jack 36. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, a small cylinder-type damper 21 that generates a load during the operation of retracting the retracting pin 22 is arranged on the floor fixing bracket 1, and the rack is interlocked with the gear portion 9 of the swing arm 2. It is preferable to add a configuration in which the tip of the in / out pin 22 faces the end of 10 and the speed of the door 38 is braked only in the final closing stage. Then, it becomes possible to control excessive speed due to acceleration when the door 38 is closed at the final stage of opening and closing.

  Further, during the opening / closing operation of the door 38, the swing arm 2 rotates in the guide slit portion b as shown in FIG. 9, and the roller member 3 and the steady member 4 at the tip of the swing arm 2 are always in the door. It is located at the roller contact portion 5 of the body 38. The roller abutting portion 5 is located near the center position of the width of the door 38, and the swing arm 2 rotates on the same plane as the opening / closing moving surface of the door 38 without rattling with respect to the floor fixture 1. Is configured to do. Accordingly, by setting the inner dimension of the roller contact portion 5 in the thickness direction and the outer dimension of the steady rest member 4 so that the spherical steady rest member 4 shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to regulate the shake in the front-rear direction at the lower part of 38. Then, the malfunction that the lower position of the door tip 37 swings in the thickness direction and collides with the inner surface of the vertical frame 39 immediately before closing can be prevented. Therefore, it is considered that the present invention is very effective as a steadying prevention mechanism in a configuration that does not require any member on the floor surface 34 on the opening side.

  In the above description, the guide slit portion b has been dug into the thickness portion below the door body 38 in consideration of the design of the door body 38. However, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the height of the mountain-shaped arm movement space 6 is considerably high, and it is assumed that there is room for further improvement in the digging work into the door body 38 and the strength of the door body 38 itself. Is done. Therefore, by making the swing arm 2 extend and contract as shown in FIG. 12, the digging height of the guide slit portion b mainly including the arm moving space 6 as shown in FIG. It can be greatly reduced. Also, as shown in FIG. 12, when the compression spring 19 is inserted in a state where it is urged between the two arms so as to extend each other, a strong force is exerted on both sides with the position in the vicinity of FIG. An action to fall is obtained. As a result, it is effective when a configuration in which the opening force and the closing force that cross the boundary are made equal when the door body 38 is opened about half is effective, and a wider range of opening and closing conditions can be obtained.

  It is considered that the configuration as a sliding door closer, which is necessary as a sliding door, is opened naturally in the lateral direction from the closed state by hand and is naturally closed if left as it is. In the above configuration, the pendulum opening / closing device a that is the main mechanism of the opening / closing operation is disposed on the floor surface 34 at the opening side end of the small wall 35. By utilizing this positional relationship effectively, it is considered possible to further add an automatic opening / closing mechanism using the weight of the passerby with a relatively simple configuration. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the entire sliding door having a structure using the lifting / lowering foot plate device d and the interlocking device c as the automatic opening / closing mechanism, and the lifting / lowering footboard device d and the interlocking device c on the floor surface 34 in front of the door body 38. The structure in which the surface of the elevating tread is flush with the floor 34 in a state where the surface is dug into the floor 34 and the elevating tread device d, the interlock device c, and the pendulum opening / closing device a are connected is relatively simple. is there.

  FIG. 15 is a top view of the sliding door opening / closing device of the present invention to which the interlocking device c and the lifting / lowering foot plate device d are added. The lifting / lowering plate device d is arranged in the front. Then, the interlocking device c is arranged at a position in front of the pendulum opening / closing device a. Here, there are various types of vertical movement means of the lifting and lowering foot plate device d and the configuration of the interlocking device c, and there is no particular limitation. However, it is important that the vertical lifting and lowering dimensions to be stepped on when traveling are as small as possible. It is considered that the door 38 must be able to be opened and closed reliably with a small lifting dimension.

  Therefore, as an example of the interlocking device c, an interlocking case 23 is provided as shown in FIG. 15, and two inclined racks 24 and a straight rack 25, which are restricted so as to be movable only in the lateral direction, are disposed therein. In the meantime, a two-stage amplifying gear 26 having a different number of teeth is rotatably mounted. At this time, as the arrangement in the interlocking case 23, the rack 24 with the inclined surface is provided on the elevating tread device d side and engaged with the amplification gear 26 having the smaller number of teeth, and the straight rack 25 is arranged on the pendulum opening / closing device a side. It is good to arrange | position and to engage with the amplification gear 26 with many teeth. An inclined member 27 is provided at a position close to the interlocking device c of the lifting / lowering plate device d, and the inclined surface of the rack 24 with the inclined surface is made to face the inclined surface of the inclined member 27 attached to the lifting / lowering plate device d. Further, the straight rack 25 is connected to the rack 10 of the pendulum opening / closing device a.

  FIG. 16 is a side view showing an example of the elevating / lowering tread device d. Two swinging tread plates 28 are provided at both ends, a horizontal tread plate 29 is provided at the center position, and they are connected to each other. A return spring 30 is arranged. FIG. 16 (a) shows a state before the entire lifting / lowering board device d is in a horizontal state. When a passerby gets on the lifting / lowering board device d, the footboard return spring 30 is compressed as shown in FIG. 16 (b). The horizontal tread board 29 is lowered. Then, the inclined member 27 provided on the horizontal tread plate 29 is also lowered together, and the vertical movement operation can be converted into a horizontal movement operation. However, since the horizontal tread board 29 is lowered during the passage, it is considered that there is an uncomfortable feeling in the passage. Therefore, the ascending / descending dimensions are required to be as small as possible. Therefore, the amplifying gear 26 as shown in FIG. 15 becomes important, and the door 38 is greatly increased by using the amplifying gear 26 to greatly increase the lateral movement distance of the rack 24 with the inclined surface resulting from the small vertical movement of the horizontal tread plate 29. The movement distance of the rack 10 of the pendulum opening / closing device a necessary for opening / closing the device can be secured, and the automatic opening operation can be obtained by the above configuration.

  Here, a passerby gets on the lifting / lowering tread board device d for a moment, and a large force is applied to the interlocking device c at that moment. Further, the door body 38 needs to be opened and closed even by the weight of the child, and the force of the footboard return spring 30 cannot be extremely increased. However, the opening operation of the door body 38 by the actual pendulum opening / closing device a has such a speed that the swing arm 2 gradually rotates, and the door body 38 is fully opened instantaneously at the same time when it gets on the elevating tread device d. The action cannot be performed. Therefore, in the configuration as it is, there is a risk that a large force is instantaneously applied to the engaging portion of each gear or each rack, resulting in damage. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 17, the inclined surface-equipped rack 24 may be divided into an inclined surface side member 32 and a rack side member 33, and a temporary load absorbing spring 31 may be inserted therebetween.

  Then, when the passerby gets on the lifting / lowering tread board device d from the state shown in FIG. 17A, the inclined member 27 is lowered together with the horizontal tread board 29 as shown in FIG. The temporary absorption spring 31 is compressed, and at this stage, only the force of the load temporary absorption spring 31 is applied to the amplification gear 26. Then, it is preferable to set the temporary load absorbing spring 31 so that the pendulum opening / closing device a can be barely operated. As a result, the temporary load absorption is performed with a certain time difference as shown in FIG. The rack side member 33 divided by the force of the spring 31 moves, and the opening operation of the door body 38 by the pendulum opening / closing device a can be performed via the amplification gear 26. Further, as a means for carrying out this operation more smoothly, it is better to add a structure that transmits a load using an appropriate damper at an appropriate position in the interlocking device c (not shown), and a smoother opening operation. Is assumed to be obtained.

  Next, at the stage where the passerby has passed after the door 38 is opened, the horizontal footboard is first returned to the original horizontal position by the footboard return spring 30. In this state, the door body 38 is open, and only the horizontal foot plate 29 and the inclined member 27 in FIG. 17C are returned to the horizontal position. That is, the inclined surface side member 32, the load temporary absorption spring 31, and the rack side member 33 are completely free, and the force remaining on the door body 38 is only the operating force of the pendulum opening / closing device a. Therefore, this state is the same as when the door 38 is opened by hand without using the lifting / lowering plate device d and the interlocking device c, and as a result, the door 38 is closed as a sliding door closer similar to the above after passing. The operation will be performed.

  14 and 15, the lifting / lowering stepping plate device d is provided only on one side of the door body 38, but naturally the vehicle passes from both sides of the door body 38 when passing, and the reverse of the door body 38. A lifting / lowering foot plate device d must also be provided on the side and similarly connected to the interlocking device c. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18, it is preferable that the swinging foot plate 28 of the lifting foot plate device d is arranged on both sides of the door body 38, and a long horizontal foot plate 29 is connected between them. Then, while being able to cope with traffic from either side, the horizontal footboard 29 is still in a state of being lowered immediately after passing, and the door 38 is closed when it is a little walked and removed from the lifting footboard device d. It will be possible to obtain more reliable and safe traffic conditions.

  In the above description, the guide slit portion b has been dug into the central portion in the thickness direction below the door body 38 so that the guide slit portion b cannot be seen from the exterior in terms of design. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and it is possible to impose on the lower surface of the door 38 as shown in FIG. In this case, in order to reduce the protrusion from the surface of the door 38 as much as possible, it is considered that it is important in terms of design to reduce the thickness of the guide slit portion b, and the design before the guide slit portion b is improved. It seems to be good to have it. And this imposition structure can be adapted to a floor-standing type sliding door in which a rail is arranged at a lower position of the door body 38, and a wider range of development is possible.

  In the above description, the rotating operation of the swing arm 2 of the pendulum opening / closing device “a” has been described by means of a mechanical configuration such as the lifting / lowering foot plate device “d” including the tension spring 11 and the interlocking device “c”. However, the basic part of the opening / closing operation of the sliding door of the present invention is to open and close the door 38 by swinging the swing arm 2 attached to the floor fixing bracket 1 in the guide slit portion b provided in the door 38. The mechanism is not limited to the configuration described in the embodiment, and other means may be used. As an example, the lateral movement of the rack 10 engaged with the gear portion 9 of the swing arm 2 of the pendulum opening / closing device a is performed by an electric mechanism using a motor or the like, A configuration using a sensor or the like that recognizes a passerby on both sides is conceivable, and it is possible to further develop it in various combinations.

It is a front view in the closed state of the opening and closing device of the sliding door of the present invention. It is a front view of the pendulum opening and closing device of the sliding door opening and closing device of the present invention. It is a top view of the pendulum opening and closing device of the opening and closing device of the sliding door of the present invention. It is a front locus figure showing the mechanism of the pendulum opening and closing device of the sliding door opening and closing device of the present invention. It is a top view of the rocking | fluctuation arm front-end | tip part of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a perspective view of the guide slit part of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the guide slit part of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a front locus figure which shows the opening-and-closing movement of the door of the sliding door opening and closing device of the present invention. It is a locus | trajectory figure which shows rotation operation | movement of the swing arm of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a top view which shows the stop mechanism of the swing arm of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a front view which shows the stop mechanism and braking mechanism of a rocking | fluctuating arm of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a front view of the pendulum opening / closing apparatus which comprised the swinging arm of the sliding door opening / closing apparatus of the present invention by two arms. It is the opening-and-closing locus | trajectory figure of the door body using the pendulum opening-and-closing apparatus which comprised the swing arm by two arms of the opening-and-closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a perspective view of the structure which provided the interlocking device and the raising / lowering footboard apparatus of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a top view of the structure which provided the interlocking device and the raising / lowering footboard apparatus of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a side view of the raising / lowering footboard apparatus of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a side locus figure of the interlocking device of the opening / closing device of the sliding door of the present invention. It is a top view of the structure which has arrange | positioned the raising / lowering footboard apparatus on the both sides of the door body of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention. It is a perspective view of the structure which made the guide slit part imposition of the opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of this invention.

a pendulum opening / closing device b guide slit portion c interlocking device d elevating / stepping plate device 1 floor surface fixing bracket 2 swing arm 3 roller member 4 steady rest member 5 roller contact portion 6 arm moving space 7 arm rotation shaft 8 U-shaped portion 9 Gear portion 10 Rack 11 Tension spring 12 Female thread portion 13 Spring force adjusting bracket 14 Spring force adjusting screw 15 Stop piece 16 Roller rotating shaft 17 Straight slit 18 Compression spring 19 Ball 20 Fitting hole 21 Damper 22 Retracting pin 23 Interlocking case 24 Inclined Surface rack 25 Straight rack 26 Amplifying gear 27 Tilting member 28 Swing tread plate 29 Horizontal tread plate 30 Tread plate return spring 31 Temporary load absorbing spring 32 Tilted surface side member 33 Rack side member 34 Floor surface 35 Small wall 36 Door jacking 37 Door tip 38 doors 39 vertical frame

Claims (13)

A sliding door opening and closing device comprising a door body and a frame body, and a pendulum opening and closing device is configured by rotatably mounting a swing arm having a roller member at a tip to a floor surface fixing bracket with an arm rotation shaft, The swing arm is pivoted in parallel with the moving direction of the door, and the floor fixing bracket is mounted on the floor. The lower part of the door is provided with a roller abutment and a guide slit with arm movement space. With the roller member at the end of the arm at the roller abutting part of the guide slit and the swing arm inserted into the arm movement space, the door can be opened and closed on the frame body, and it is upward from the floor of the swing arm A sliding door opening and closing device characterized in that the door member can be opened and closed by the roller member pushing and pulling the roller contact portion by a pendulum operation within a predetermined angle range. The pendulum opening and closing device is placed below the small wall surface at the end of the opening of the frame body, and the swinging arm including the roller member tends to fall in both directions with the center of weight positioned directly above the arm rotation axis. 2. The sliding door opening and closing device according to claim 1, wherein an operation of moving the door in the closing direction or the opening direction with reference to a boundary position when the door is opened and closed by force is obtained. A spring member for rotating the swing arm more strongly is installed near the arm rotation shaft of the pendulum opening / closing device, and the weight of the swing arm including the roller member and the rotational force by the spring member are arbitrarily set to thereby reduce the boundary. It is possible to change the position of the door, and as soon as the door is slightly opened, the structure that emphasizes the opening operation that immediately tries to open across the border and the opening and closing that cross the border evenly when the door is about half opened It is possible to make a configuration that emphasizes the closing operation that is set so as to exceed the boundary position immediately before fully opening, and the door closes to the end with a little closing operation after that. The opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of Claim 1 or 2. The means for changing the position of the boundary forms an arc-shaped outer periphery centering on the arm rotation axis at one end of the swinging arm that is rotatably attached to the floor fixing bracket, Place the rack on the surface fixing bracket so that it moves while being regulated only in the linear direction, mesh the gear part with the rack, and provide a spring member between the rack and the floor mounting bracket to apply the force of the spring member The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rotational force is applied to the swing arm by pushing and pulling the rack. In addition to the configuration in which the spring member is provided to apply the rotational force to the swing arm, the floor fixing bracket is further provided with a spring force adjusting bracket and a spring force adjusting screw, and the rack and the spring force adjusting bracket are connected by the spring member. The spring force adjustment screw is arranged so as to rotate idly with respect to the floor surface fixing bracket, the spring force adjustment screw is screwed onto the spring force adjustment bracket, and the spring force adjustment screw is rotated to appropriately apply the force of the spring member after construction. The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the opening and closing device can be adjusted. Install a damper on the floor fixing bracket or swing arm of the pendulum opening and closing device, and place it so that the braking force of the damper can be obtained in a certain range just before fully closing or just before opening completely. 6. The sliding door opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein an excessive opening / closing speed due to acceleration when the door is further opened / closed can be controlled at the final opening / closing stage. . The position of the border is set at a position where the door is completely opened, or the border position is not set within the movement range of the door, and is set in a state where force is always applied in the closing direction, The ball plunger mechanism with ball and compression spring and the fitting hole are distributed and arranged on the swing arm and floor fixing bracket, and the door can be stopped at the fully open position. The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. When the swinging arm rotates relative to the floor mounting bracket, the backlash other than the pendulum operating direction is limited as much as possible, and a steadying member is provided at the tip of the pivoting arm. Any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner dimension is restricted to a degree that allows it to be rotated, thereby reducing the vibration in the thickness direction of the lower part of the door tip immediately before the door is completely closed. The opening / closing apparatus of the sliding door of Claim 1. The swing arm is configured so that the two arms extend and retract without rattling, and the roller member moves horizontally within the guide slit while the two arms expand and contract with respect to the door movement. The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the height of the guide slit portion provided in the door body from the lower part of the door body can be reduced. A spring member is inserted in such a manner that a force is always applied in a direction to extend between the two arms set so that the swing arm can be extended and retracted, and the roller member is directly above the arm rotation shaft of the pendulum opening / closing device. 2. The operation of the pendulum opening / closing device which is set so that both arms are contracted most at a boundary position and falls in both directions with the boundary as a boundary is further enhanced by a spring member. The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of 9 to 9. A spring member is provided on the floor surface in the vicinity of the sliding door so that the elevating tread plate always returns to a predetermined height position, and the elevating tread plate and the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device are connected by a plurality of interlocking members, 11. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the swing arm can be rotated by a lowering operation of the elevating tread, and a passerby can open the door by an operation of getting on the elevating tread. Opening and closing device for sliding doors as described in 1. The means for connecting the elevating tread plate and the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device has an inclined member mounted on the elevating tread plate, and an upper and lower two-stage amplification gear having different number of teeth is arranged between the inclined surface rack and the rack of the pendulum opening / closing device. The interlocking device is configured to mesh with both racks, and the interlocking device is arranged between the lifting footboard and the pendulum opening / closing device with the inclined member and the inclined surface of the rack with the inclined surface facing each other. The vertical movement is converted into a horizontal movement, the movement distance of the horizontal movement is amplified by an amplifying gear, and the movement movement of the rack for the distance necessary to open the door with the pendulum opening and closing device is obtained. The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: A temporary load absorbing spring and / or a damper is arranged in the coupling mechanism of the interlocking device, and when the descending operation of the abrupt lifting / lowering stepping plate, the force is temporarily absorbed and held by the temporary load absorbing spring or the damper, and then for a short time. The sliding door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the opening operation of the door body is obtained by using a force when the temporary load absorbing spring or the damper is restored with a grace period.

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