JP2014060515A - Loop antenna capable of being shared by circular polarization and linear polarization in different frequency bands - Google Patents

Loop antenna capable of being shared by circular polarization and linear polarization in different frequency bands Download PDF

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JP2014060515A
JP2014060515A JP2012203188A JP2012203188A JP2014060515A JP 2014060515 A JP2014060515 A JP 2014060515A JP 2012203188 A JP2012203188 A JP 2012203188A JP 2012203188 A JP2012203188 A JP 2012203188A JP 2014060515 A JP2014060515 A JP 2014060515A
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loop antenna
different frequency
shared
frequency bands
linearly polarized
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JP5958937B2 (en
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Mayumi Matsunaga
真由美 松永
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Ehime University NUC
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a loop antenna capable of being shared by circular polarization and linear polarization in different frequency bands.SOLUTION: A loop antenna comprises: first and second line conductors 14 and 16 which are arranged so as to extend in parallel at a prescribed distance from each other and have both ends connected electrically; and first and second detour line conductors 18 and 20 which are additionally arranged so as to extend laterally and externally. The loop antenna is: made to function as a dipole antenna for a signal in one frequency band which is formed by the first and second line conductors 14 and 16 and radiates linear polarization; and made to function as a loop antenna for a signal in the other frequency band which radiates circular polarization as a whole, by making the added first and second detour line conductors 18 and 20 or either of the conductors function as a phase delay element for generating predetermined phase delay in part of current in the antenna. Thereby, the circular polarization and linear polarization can be radiated by the one-turn loop antenna.

Description

本発明は、例えば、GPSに使用される円偏波(例えば、1.57 GHz)、携帯電話に使用される直線偏波(例えば、800 MHz、900 MHz、1.5 GHz、1.8 GHz、2 GHz)、Wi−Fi、 Bluetooth、 ISM(Industrial, Scientific and Medical)バンド、RFID(Radio Frequency Identification、電波による個体識別)等に使用される直線偏波(例えば、900 MHz、2.45 GHz、5.8 GHz)の中の幾つかの通信電波を送受信できる機能を有する、例えば、高機能携帯電話、スマートフォーンのような多機能携帯電話、PDAのような携帯情報端末、タブレット端末、モバイルPCあるいはRFID等(以下、携帯移動端末と総称する)に搭載、内蔵される、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナに関する。   The present invention can be applied to, for example, circular polarization (for example, 1.57 GHz) used for GPS, linear polarization (for example, 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1.5 GHz, 1.8 GHz) used for mobile phones. 2 GHz), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification, individual identification by radio waves), etc., for example, 900 MHz, 2.45 5.8 GHz), for example, a high-function mobile phone, a multi-function mobile phone such as a smart phone, a portable information terminal such as a PDA, a tablet terminal, a mobile Built in or built in PC or RFID (hereinafter collectively referred to as portable mobile terminal) The present invention relates to a loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands.

従来、一般的には、異なる偏波、例えば、第1の周波数帯域の円偏波と第2の周波数帯域の直線偏波を送受信可能な上記したような携帯移動端末には、それぞれの電波を送受信可能な専用のアンテナがそれぞれの送受信器と共に別々に設けられていた。   Conventionally, in general, portable radio terminals such as those described above that can transmit and receive different polarized waves, for example, a circularly polarized wave in the first frequency band and a linearly polarized wave in the second frequency band, A dedicated antenna capable of transmitting and receiving was provided separately with each transceiver.

特許文献1および特許文献2には、従来別々に設けられていたそれぞれのアンテナを同一の基板上に寄せ集めて携帯移動端末中に占めるアンテナの面積の縮小、低減を図り、かつ各アンテナへの給電は一本の給電線をそれぞれ分枝して、その分枝線のそれぞれと各アンテナとを電磁的に結合することによって行う、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に対応できる寄せ集め型のループアンテナが開示されている。   In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, each antenna that has been provided separately is gathered on the same substrate to reduce and reduce the area of the antenna in the portable mobile terminal, and to each antenna Feeding is performed by branching a single feed line and electromagnetically coupling each of the branch lines with each antenna, which can handle circular polarization and linear polarization in different frequency bands. A type of loop antenna is disclosed.

特許文献3および本件出願人の先願である特許文献4には、同一の基板上に形成された、ループアンテナを構成する線路導体中に、第1の周波数帯域の電波には電磁的な結合を許し、第2の周波数帯域の電波には電磁的な結合を許さない幅を有する1ないし複数のギャップを設けて、アンテナを構成する線路導体の一部を共用して、アンテナの占める面積をさらに縮小、低減し、かつアンテナへの給電は、一つの給電部から直接に行う、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に対応できる複合型ループアンテナが開示されている。   In Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 which is the prior application of the applicant of the present application, electromagnetic waves are coupled to a radio wave in the first frequency band in a line conductor forming a loop antenna formed on the same substrate. 1 and a plurality of gaps having a width that does not allow electromagnetic coupling to the radio wave of the second frequency band, and sharing a part of the line conductor constituting the antenna, the area occupied by the antenna Further, there is disclosed a composite loop antenna that can be reduced, reduced, and fed to the antenna directly from a single feeding unit and can cope with circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands.

しかし、特許文献3および特許文献4に開示されているアンテナはその形状が複雑であると共にその占有面積は、特許文献1および特許文献2のそれと同様に、周波数の低い長い方の波長の2乗の関数によって決まる値に基づいて決められており、依然として比較的大きな面積を占めるものとなっていた。   However, the antennas disclosed in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 are complicated in shape, and the occupied area is the square of the longer wavelength with the lower frequency, similar to that of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. It was determined based on a value determined by the function of, and still occupies a relatively large area.

特開2004−88214号公報JP 2004-88214 A 特開2008−278059号公報JP 2008-278059 A 特開2010−68473号公報JP 2010-68473 A 特願2010−196260号明細書Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-196260

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、その占有面積を、従来のアンテナ線路導体の一部を共用する、第1の周波数帯域の円偏波と第2の周波数帯域の直線偏波に対応する複合型ループアンテナに較べても大幅に低減した、単純な形状の、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナを提供することである。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to occupy a composite area corresponding to a circularly polarized wave in the first frequency band and a linearly polarized wave in the second frequency band, sharing a part of the conventional antenna line conductor. It is to provide a loop antenna having a simple shape, which can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands, which is greatly reduced as compared with a type loop antenna.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明では、少なくとも第1の周波数帯域の円偏波と第2の周波数帯域の直線偏波を放射可能な異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナを、所定の誘電率を有する誘電体基板;第1の周波数帯域および第2の周波数帯域の中、直線偏波の周波数に関連して決められた長さを有し、前記誘電体基板上に、所定の距離を隔てて平行に伸びるように配設され、その両端が電気的に接続されている第1および第2の線路導体;前記第1線路導体の一部を切断し、その切断部の両端を橋絡するように繋ぎ、前記第1の線路導体の横方向外側に伸びて配設される第1の迂回線路導体;前記第2線路導体の一部を切断し、その切断部の両端を橋絡するように繋ぎ、前記第2の線路導体の横方向外側に伸びて配設される第2の迂回線路導体;および前記第1線路導体あるいは前記第2線路導体の他の一部を第1の周波数帯域および第2の周波数帯域の中、円偏波の周波数に関連して決められた位置で切断し、その切断部の両端を給電点とする給電部を有するように構成した。   In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, at least a circularly polarized wave of a first frequency band and a linearly polarized wave of a second frequency band that can radiate at least a circularly polarized wave and a linearly polarized wave of different frequency bands can be shared. A dielectric substrate having a predetermined dielectric constant; having a length determined in relation to a frequency of linearly polarized wave in the first frequency band and the second frequency band; and on the dielectric substrate First and second line conductors arranged to extend in parallel at a predetermined distance and electrically connected at both ends thereof; a part of the first line conductor is cut and cut A first detour path conductor that is connected to bridge both ends of the section and extends outward in the lateral direction of the first line conductor; a part of the second line conductor is cut, and the cut section Both ends of the second line conductor so as to bridge, and laterally outside the second line conductor And a second detour conductor disposed; and the other part of the first line conductor or the second line conductor in the first frequency band and the second frequency band. The power supply unit is configured to have a power supply unit that is cut at a position determined in relation to the power supply point and uses both ends of the cut unit as power supply points.

本発明のアンテナは、第2の周波数帯域の信号に対しては、前記第1および第2の線路導体によって形成される、直線偏波を放射するダイポールアンテナとして機能させ、第1の周波数帯域の信号に対しては、前記第1および第2の線路導体に導入、付加した、単純な形状の前記第1の迂回線路導体および第2の迂回線路導体を、アンテナ上の電流の一部に所定の位相遅延を引起す位相遅延要素として働かせ、全体として円偏波を放射するループアンテナとして機能させ、結果的に、一巻きのループアンテナで円偏波も直線偏波も放射可能としたものである。   The antenna of the present invention functions as a dipole antenna that radiates linearly polarized waves, formed by the first and second line conductors, for signals in the second frequency band. For signals, the first bypass conductor and the second bypass conductor having simple shapes introduced and added to the first and second line conductors are used as a part of the current on the antenna. As a whole, it functions as a loop antenna that radiates circularly polarized waves, and as a result, it can radiate both circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves with a single loop antenna. is there.

また、本発明のアンテナは、第1の周波数帯域および円偏波の旋回方向に応じた位置に前記第1の線路導体あるいは第2の線路導体の一部を切断し給電部を設けることで、アンテナ上の電流に所定の位相遅延を引き起こさせ、前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体による位相遅延と組み合わせることで、結果的に、一巻きのループアンテナで第1の周波数帯域の信号に対しては円偏波を、第2の周波数帯域の信号に対しては直線偏波を放射可能としたものである。   In the antenna of the present invention, by cutting a part of the first line conductor or the second line conductor at a position corresponding to the first frequency band and the turning direction of the circularly polarized wave, By causing a predetermined phase delay in the current on the antenna and combining it with the phase delay due to the first and second detour conductors, the result is that for a signal in the first frequency band with a single loop antenna It is possible to radiate circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves for signals in the second frequency band.

なおまた、換言すると、本発明のアンテナは、給電部の位置を第1の周波数帯域に応じて設置することで所望の旋回方向へ円偏波が放射するように電流を回転せしめ、両端が電気的に接続されている前記第1および第2の線路導体の一部分に位相遅延を引起す単純な形状の迂回線路部を導入、付加することによって、アンテナ上の支配的な電流分布を第1の周波数帯域では周回するように分布せしめて円偏波を、第2の周波数帯域では上下するように分布せしめて直線偏波を放射するように構成したものである。   In addition, in other words, the antenna of the present invention rotates the current so that circularly polarized radiation is radiated in the desired turning direction by installing the position of the power feeding unit according to the first frequency band, and both ends are electrically connected. By introducing and adding a simple-shaped detour path part that causes phase delay to a part of the first and second line conductors connected to each other, the dominant current distribution on the antenna is The circularly polarized wave is distributed so as to circulate in the frequency band, and the linearly polarized wave is radiated so as to be distributed vertically in the second frequency band.

さらにまた、本発明のアンテナにおいては、前記第1と第2の線路導体間の離間幅を第2の周波数帯域の誘電体基板の誘電率を考慮した波長λの10分の1以下とすることが望ましい。この値を前記所定値以上とすると、リターンロス特性が良好になる第1の周波数帯域と第2の周波数帯域が重なる。換言すると、リターンロス特性および直線偏波を放射する機能が劣化すると共にアンテナの正面方向(+z方向)中心部分の放射強度が著しく低下する。従って、この値を前記所定値以下とするため、ループ導体はできるだけ内側に巻くことが望ましい。その結果、アンテナ自体の占有面積も低減出来る。 Furthermore, in the antenna of the present invention, the separation width between the first and second line conductors is set to 1/10 or less of the wavelength λ g considering the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate in the second frequency band. It is desirable. When this value is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the first frequency band and the second frequency band where the return loss characteristics are good overlap. In other words, the return loss characteristic and the function of radiating linearly polarized waves are deteriorated, and the radiation intensity at the center portion in the front direction (+ z direction) of the antenna is remarkably lowered. Therefore, in order to make this value equal to or less than the predetermined value, it is desirable to wind the loop conductor as much as possible inside. As a result, the area occupied by the antenna itself can be reduced.

本発明により、その占有面積を著しく低減した、形状の簡単な、従って、製作の容易な、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナを提供することが出来る。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands, having a significantly reduced occupied area, simple shape, and thus easy to manufacture.

さらに、本発明アンテナの給電部は、アンテナ構造体の内部ではなく、その側部の一箇所に設けられるので、アンテナ導体に何ら悪影響を与えることなく、インピーダンス整合のためのインピーダンス調整用線路の平面的な取り付け配置が容易となる。   Furthermore, since the power feeding portion of the antenna of the present invention is provided not at the inside of the antenna structure but at one place on the side thereof, the plane of the impedance adjustment line for impedance matching without any adverse effect on the antenna conductor. Mounting arrangement becomes easy.

本発明の一実施の態様に係る、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの平面図。The top view of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band based on the one embodiment of this invention. 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの周波数1.575 GHzにおけるx−z平面の円偏波放射特性を示す図。The figure which shows the circularly polarized radiation characteristic of the xz plane in the frequency of 1.575 GHz of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG. 図1のループアンテナの、図2に図示した、周波数1.575 GHzにおける円偏波特性を円偏波軸比(円偏波度合い)を示す図へと書き改めた図。The figure which rewritten the circular polarization characteristic in the frequency 1.575 GHz shown in FIG. 2 of the loop antenna of FIG. 1 to the figure which shows a circular polarization axial ratio (degree of circular polarization). 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの周波数1.8 GHzにおけるx−z平面の直線偏波放射特性を示す図。The figure which shows the linearly polarized radiation characteristic of the xz plane in the frequency of 1.8 GHz of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG. 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのリターンロス特性を示す図。The figure which shows the return loss characteristic of the loop antenna which can be shared for the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG. 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナへインピーダンス調整用の線路を付加した一つの変形例を示す平面図。The top view which shows one modification which added the track | line for impedance adjustment to the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG. 図6に図示した、インピーダンス調整用線路を付加した異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのリターンロス特性を示す図。The figure which shows the return loss characteristic of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band which added the impedance adjustment track | line shown in FIG. 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの迂回線路部を一つとしたもう一つの変形例を示す平面図。The top view which shows another modification which made the detour path part of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG. 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの迂回線路部を非対称に付加せしめたもう一つの変形例を示す平面図。The top view which shows another modification which added the detour path part of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG. 図1に図示した、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのインピーダンス調整および小型化せしめるもう一つの変形例を示す平面図。The top view which shows another modification which makes impedance adjustment and size reduction of the loop antenna which can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band shown in FIG.

図1は、本発明の一実施の態様に係る、第1の周波数帯域である1.57GHzの円偏波と第2の周波数帯域である1.8GHzの直線偏波に対応できるループアンテナ10の平面図を示している。本ループアンテナ10は、線路導体14および16の長さLを誘電体基板12の誘電率を考慮した第2の周波数帯域の波長λの8分の5程度にし、これらの間隔を前記波長λの10分の1以下にすることで直線偏波を放射するダイポールアンテナとして機能させる。第1の線路導体14の一部および第2の線路導体16の一部を切断し、単純な形状の迂回線路導体18および20を第1の周波数帯域においてアンテナ上の電流の一部にπ/2の位相遅延を引起せしめる長さLとして繋ぐことで、ループアンテナ全体の電流を図1上でいうところの左回りに旋回せしめ正面方向(+z軸)へ右旋円偏波を放射するループアンテナとして機能させる。また、第1の線路導体14の他の一部をその上側端部30からの長さLが第1の周波数帯域の誘電体基板12の誘電率を考慮した波長の16分の5程度でかつL<Lとなる位置22で切断し、その両端が給電点24,26となるように給電部28を設置する。本ループアンテナ10は、給電部28をL<Lとなる位置に設置することでアンテナ上の電流を回転するように分布せしめるが、迂回線路導体18および20を付加することで線路導体14および16上の電流分布を上下方向に移動する分布へと変化せしめる。さらに、迂回線路導体18および20および給電部28は、第1および第2の周波数帯域で良好なリターンロス特性が得られ、アンテナ上の電流の一部に位相遅延を引き起こし、その結果、第1の周波数帯域ではアンテナ上を周回する電流を分布せしめ、第2の周波数帯域では、アンテナ上を上下に分布せしめる位置へと調整する。 FIG. 1 shows a loop antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention that can support a circularly polarized wave of 1.57 GHz that is a first frequency band and a linearly polarized wave of 1.8 GHz that is a second frequency band. A plan view is shown. This loop antenna 10, the length L 0 of the line conductors 14 and 16 to about 5 eighth of the wavelength lambda g of the second frequency band in consideration of the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 12, the wavelength of these intervals to function as a dipole antenna for radiating linearly polarized by the 1 following 10 minutes of lambda g. A part of the first line conductor 14 and a part of the second line conductor 16 are cut, and simple-shaped detour path conductors 18 and 20 are added to a part of the current on the antenna in the first frequency band. by connecting a second length L 3 which allowed to cause a phase delay, a loop for radiating right-handed circularly polarized wave to the pivoted counterclockwise as referred current in the overall loop antenna on Figure 1 the front direction (+ z axis) It functions as an antenna. Furthermore, 5 of about 16 minutes of wavelengths another part of the first line conductor 14 length L 1 from the upper end 30 considering dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 12 of the first frequency band and cut with L 1 <L 2 and a position 22, at both ends thereof to install a power supply unit 28 so that the feed point 24, 26. The loop antenna 10 distributes the current on the antenna to rotate by installing the feeding portion 28 at a position where L 1 <L 2 , but the line conductor 14 is added by adding detour conductors 18 and 20. And the current distribution on 16 is changed to a distribution that moves in the vertical direction. Further, the detour conductors 18 and 20 and the power feeding unit 28 can obtain a good return loss characteristic in the first and second frequency bands, causing a phase delay in a part of the current on the antenna. In the second frequency band, the current circulating around the antenna is distributed, and in the second frequency band, the position is adjusted so that the current is distributed vertically on the antenna.

以上の実施形態に則し、図1中の本ループアンテナ10は、誘電率4.4の誘電体基板12上に形成された第1の周波数帯域(1.57GHz)および第2の周波数帯域(1.8GHz)の中の直線偏波の周波数帯域(1.8GHz)に関連して決められた長さ(L=58.4mm)を有し、誘電体基板12上に、所定の距離を隔てて(線路間隔=0.4mm)平行に伸びるように配設され、その両端が電気的に接続されている線路幅1.4mmの第1および第2の線路導体14,16を備える。さらに、前記第1線路導体14をその上側端部30から第1の周波数帯域に関連して決められた長さ(L=26.9mm)の位置22で切断し、その切断部両端を給電点24,26とする給電部28を備える。さらに、前記第1線路導体14の他の部分を給電部28の近傍(L=1.4mm)で切断し、その切断部両端を橋絡するように繋ぎ、第1の線路導体14の横方向外側にπ/4の位相遅延を引起す長さ(L=8.2mm)で伸びて配設された線路幅1.4mm、線路間隔0.4mmの第1の迂回線路導体18、および第2線路導体16を給電部28の近傍(L=1.4mm)で切断し、その両切断部を橋絡するように繋ぎ、第2の線路導体16の横方向外側にπ/4の位相遅延を引起す長さ(L=8.2mm)で伸びて配設された線路幅1.4mm、線路間隔0.4mmの第2の迂回線路導体20から構成される。 In accordance with the above embodiment, the loop antenna 10 in FIG. 1 includes a first frequency band (1.57 GHz) and a second frequency band (1.57 GHz) formed on the dielectric substrate 12 having a dielectric constant of 4.4. The length (L 0 = 58.4 mm) determined in relation to the frequency band (1.8 GHz) of the linearly polarized wave in 1.8 GHz), and a predetermined distance on the dielectric substrate 12 First and second line conductors 14 and 16 having a line width of 1.4 mm are provided so as to extend in parallel with a distance (line interval = 0.4 mm), and both ends thereof are electrically connected. Further, the first line conductor 14 is cut from the upper end 30 at a position 22 having a length (L 1 = 26.9 mm) determined in relation to the first frequency band, and both ends of the cut are fed. A power feeding unit 28 having points 24 and 26 is provided. Further, the other part of the first line conductor 14 is cut in the vicinity of the power feeding part 28 (L 5 = 1.4 mm), and both ends of the cut part are connected so as to be bridged. A first detour conductor 18 having a line width of 1.4 mm and a line interval of 0.4 mm, which is arranged to extend in a length (L 4 = 8.2 mm) that causes a phase delay of π / 4 outward in the direction; The second line conductor 16 is cut in the vicinity of the power feeding portion 28 (L 5 = 1.4 mm), and both the cut portions are connected so as to be bridged. It is composed of a second detour conductor 20 having a line width of 1.4 mm and a line interval of 0.4 mm, which is arranged to extend with a length that causes a phase delay (L 4 = 8.2 mm).

図1中のLは、第1の迂回線路導体18と第2の迂回線路導体20の横方向長さLと、第1の線路導体14と第2線路導体16の線路幅およびその線路間隔で決まる本ループアンテナ10の横幅であり、本実施の態様では19.6mmである。従って、本ループアンテナ10の占有面積は約60mm×20mm=1200mmと、従来の複合型ループアンテナについて想定されるその占有面積60mm×60mm=3600mmに較べてその占有面積が著しく低減する。 L 3 in FIG. 1 is the lateral length L 4 of the first detour path conductor 18 and the second detour path conductor 20, the line widths of the first line conductor 14 and the second line conductor 16, and the line The width of the loop antenna 10 determined by the interval is 19.6 mm in the present embodiment. Therefore, the occupied area of the loop antenna 10 is about 60 mm × 20 mm = 1200 mm 2, and the occupied area is remarkably reduced as compared with the occupied area 60 mm × 60 mm = 3600 mm 2 assumed for the conventional composite loop antenna.

図2は、図1に図示した本発明の一実施の態様である異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの周波数1.575 GHzにおけるx−z平面の角度位置に対する相対パワー(Relative Power)で表した円偏波放射特性を示す図である。角度位置は、+x軸が90°、+z軸が0°(正面方向)および−x軸が−90°としている。図から読み取れるように、周波数1.575 GHzにおける右旋円偏波(RHCP)および左旋円偏波(LHCP)の相対パワーの差が広い角度範囲で15dB以上あり、正面方向(+z軸)では右旋偏波が、一方、裏面方向(―z軸)では左旋偏波がそれぞれ強く円偏波を放射していることが分る。   FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relative relationship with respect to the angular position of the xz plane at a frequency of 1.575 GHz of a loop antenna that can be shared with circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves of different frequency bands according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the circular polarized-wave radiation characteristic represented by power (Relative Power). The angular position is 90 ° on the + x axis, 0 ° on the + z axis (front direction), and −90 ° on the −x axis. As can be seen from the figure, the relative power difference between right-handed circularly polarized wave (RHCP) and left-handed circularly polarized wave (LHCP) at a frequency of 1.575 GHz is 15 dB or more in a wide angle range, and right in the front direction (+ z axis). On the other hand, it can be seen that the left-handed polarized wave radiates a strong circularly polarized wave in the reverse direction (-z axis).

図3は、図1のループアンテナの、図2に図示した周波数1.575 GHzにおける円偏波放射特性を円偏波軸比(円偏波度合い)を示す図へと書き改めた図である。軸比が0dBの時、完全な円偏波が放射されていることを示し、一般的には3dB以下の場合、良好な円偏波が放射されていると考えられている。図から読み取れるように、角度位置−50°から角度位置+50°までの約100°の間、軸比ほぼ3dB以下の良好な値を示していることが分る。   FIG. 3 is a diagram in which the circularly polarized radiation characteristic at the frequency of 1.575 GHz shown in FIG. 2 of the loop antenna of FIG. 1 is rewritten into a diagram showing the circular polarization axial ratio (degree of circular polarization). . When the axial ratio is 0 dB, it indicates that a perfect circularly polarized wave is radiated. Generally, when the axial ratio is 3 dB or less, it is considered that a good circularly polarized wave is radiated. As can be seen from the drawing, it can be seen that a good value of about 3 dB or less in the axial ratio is shown for about 100 ° from the angular position −50 ° to the angular position + 50 °.

図4は、図1に図示した本発明の一実施の態様である異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの周波数1.8 GHzにおけるx−z平面の角度位置に対する相対パワー(Relative Power)で表した直線偏波放射特性を示す図である。角度位置は、+x軸が90°、+z軸が0°(正面方向)および−x軸が−90°としている。図から読み取れるように、周波数1.8 GHzにおける主偏波(Co−Polar)は交差偏波((Cross−Polar)のそれに較べてほぼ全ての角度位置で30dB以上強く放射している事が分かり、著しく良好な直線偏波放射特性であることが分る。   FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relative relationship with respect to the angular position of the xz plane at a frequency of 1.8 GHz of a loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the linearly polarized radiation characteristic represented with power (Relative Power). The angular position is 90 ° on the + x axis, 0 ° on the + z axis (front direction), and −90 ° on the −x axis. As can be seen from the figure, it can be seen that the main polarization (Co-Polar) at a frequency of 1.8 GHz radiates more than 30 dB strongly at almost all angular positions compared to that of the cross-polarization ((Cross-Polar)). It can be seen that the linearly polarized radiation characteristics are extremely good.

図5は、図1に図示した本発明の一実施の態様である異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのリターンロス(反射減衰量)特性を示す図である。図から読み取れるように、1.57GHzおよび1.8GHzの帯域でリターンロスが良くなっている事を示している。   FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the return loss (reflection loss) characteristics of a loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. As can be seen from the figure, the return loss is improved in the 1.57 GHz and 1.8 GHz bands.

図6は、図1に示した本発明の一実施の態様に係る、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナの一つの変形例であるループアンテナ10aの平面図を示している。この変形例では、図1の給電部28にインピーダンス調整用の線路Bが取り付け配置されている。このインピーダンス調整用の路線Bは、第1および第2の線路導体14、16と同一平面上に、給電部28からそのまま横方向に伸びるように配設されるので製作およびそのインピーダンス調整が容易である。また、その長さや形状を変化させることでインピーダンスの調整が可能である。   FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a loop antenna 10a, which is one modification of the loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands, according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. ing. In this modification, an impedance adjusting line B is attached to the power feeding unit 28 in FIG. The impedance adjusting line B is arranged on the same plane as the first and second line conductors 14 and 16 so as to extend in the lateral direction as it is from the feeding portion 28, so that the manufacture and the impedance adjustment thereof are easy. is there. In addition, the impedance can be adjusted by changing the length and shape thereof.

図7は、図6に図示した、インピーダンス調整用線路を付加した異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのリターンロス(反射減衰量)を示す図である。図から読み取れるように、1.57GHzおよび1.8GHzの帯域でリターンロス特性が図5に比べ大幅に改善されている事が分かる。   FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the return loss (reflection loss) of the loop antenna shown in FIG. 6 that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands to which impedance adjusting lines are added. As can be seen from the figure, it can be seen that the return loss characteristics are significantly improved in the bands of 1.57 GHz and 1.8 GHz compared to FIG.

図8は、図1に示した本発明の一実施の態様に係る、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのもう一つの変形例であるループアンテナ10bの平面図を示している。この変形例では、図1の第1の迂回線路導体18のみ配設し、第2の迂回線路導体20は配設しなかったものである。換言すれば、第1の迂回線路導体18のみでアンテナ上の電流の一部に位相遅延を引起せしめる構成をしたものである。   FIG. 8 is a plan view of a loop antenna 10b, which is another modification of the loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands, according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Show. In this modification, only the first detour conductor 18 of FIG. 1 is provided, and the second detour conductor 20 is not provided. In other words, only the first detour path conductor 18 is configured to cause a phase delay in a part of the current on the antenna.

図9は、図1に示した本発明の一実施の態様に係る、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのもう一つの変形例であるループアンテナ10cの平面図を示している。この変形例では、図1の第1の迂回線路導体18と第2の迂回線路導体20は第1の導体線路14を軸に非対称に配設したものである。換言すれば、第1および第2の迂回線路導体18および20は、アンテナ上の電流の一部に位相遅延を引起せしめ、第1の周波数帯域では円偏波を第2の周波数帯域では直線偏波を放射すべく電流を分布せしめることができればどのような位置にも配設可能である。   FIG. 9 is a plan view of a loop antenna 10c, which is another modification of the loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands, according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Show. In this modification, the first detour conductor 18 and the second detour conductor 20 in FIG. 1 are arranged asymmetrically with the first conductor line 14 as an axis. In other words, the first and second detour conductors 18 and 20 cause a phase delay in a portion of the current on the antenna, causing circular polarization in the first frequency band and linear polarization in the second frequency band. As long as the current can be distributed to radiate the wave, it can be disposed at any position.

図10は、図1に示した本発明の一実施の態様に係る、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナのもう一つの変形例であるループアンテナ10dの平面図を示している。この変形例では、図1の第1および第2の線路導体14,16のそれぞれの上側端部30、32およびそれぞれの下側端部34、36を両者の離間した空間部38に折り込んだ状態で両先端部を電気的に接続したものである。換言すれば、第1および第2の線路導体14,16の上側および下側のそれぞれの端部を両者の離間した空間部に折り込んだ状態で両先端部を電気的に接続して内側に向かう蛇行部40、42を構成したものである。このように構成することによって、本ループアンテナ10dのy方向寸法は、図1のループアンテナ10のそれの約半分とすることができる。また、前記蛇行部40、42の寸法や数を変化させることでインピーダンスの調整が可能になる。
なお、本変形例では、内側に向かう蛇行部の数は一つとしたが、複数としても良い。そうするとアンテナのy方向寸法はさらに低減する。
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a loop antenna 10d, which is another variation of the loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands, according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Show. In this modification, the upper end portions 30 and 32 and the lower end portions 34 and 36 of the first and second line conductors 14 and 16 of FIG. The two tip portions are electrically connected. In other words, both end portions are electrically connected in the state where the upper and lower ends of the first and second line conductors 14 and 16 are folded into the space portions separated from each other. The meandering portions 40 and 42 are configured. With this configuration, the y-direction dimension of the present loop antenna 10d can be about half that of the loop antenna 10 of FIG. Further, the impedance can be adjusted by changing the size and number of the meandering portions 40 and 42.
In the present modification, the number of meandering portions facing inward is one, but may be plural. Then, the y direction dimension of the antenna is further reduced.

上に説明した一変形例では、線路導体14、16の上側および下側のそれぞれの端部を両者の離間した空間部に折り込んだ状態で両先端部を電気的に接続して内側に向かう蛇行部40、42を両者の離間した同一平面上の空間部38に折り込んだが、アンテナの設置スペースに応じて、これらを折り曲げて別の平面に配設しても良い。   In the above-described modification, the upper and lower ends of the line conductors 14 and 16 are folded into the space portions separated from each other, and both ends are electrically connected to meander toward the inside. Although the portions 40 and 42 are folded into the space 38 on the same plane where they are separated from each other, they may be bent and disposed on another plane according to the installation space of the antenna.

また、以上説明した実施の態様の、第1および第2の迂回線路導体の数および配設位置は、アンテナから放射する円偏波および直線偏波の周波数あるいはアンテナの設置スペースに応じて、変更しても良い。   Further, the number and arrangement positions of the first and second detour conductors in the embodiment described above are changed according to the frequency of circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave radiated from the antenna or the installation space of the antenna. You may do it.

同様にまた、以上説明した実施の態様では、第1および第2の迂回線路導体は、単純なコの字型の形状としたが、位相遅延要素として機能するのであればどのような形状でも良く、例えは、蛇行する迂回線路導体としても良い。   Similarly, in the embodiment described above, the first and second detour conductors have a simple U-shape, but may have any shape as long as they function as a phase delay element. For example, a meandering detour conductor may be used.

同様にまた、以上説明した実施の態様では、第1および第2の線路導体は、単純な直線形状としたが、電流が上下に移動しながら分布し直線偏波アンテナとして機能するのであればどのような形状でも良く、例えば、蛇行する線路導体としても良い。   Similarly, in the embodiment described above, the first and second line conductors have a simple linear shape, but any current can be distributed as long as it moves up and down and functions as a linearly polarized antenna. For example, a meandering line conductor may be used.

なおまた、以上説明した実施の態様では、第1および第2の迂回線路導体は第1および第2の線路導体と同一の平面上に配設したが、アンテナに要求されるスペースに応じて、これらを折り曲げて別の平面に配設しても良い。   In the above-described embodiment, the first and second detour conductors are arranged on the same plane as the first and second line conductors, but depending on the space required for the antenna, These may be bent and arranged on another plane.

さらにまた、以上説明した実施の態様では、給電部は、第1の迂回線路導体の近傍部に配設したが、この位置もアンテナの設置スペースに応じて、変更しても良い。   Furthermore, in the embodiment described above, the power feeding portion is disposed in the vicinity of the first detour conductor, but this position may also be changed according to the antenna installation space.

以上説明した望ましい実施の態様は、本発明の原理を示すことを狙ったもので、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。この実施の態様に対するその他の実施の態様および変形例は、当業者にとっては明らかであろうし、また以下の請求項で規定する本発明の精神および範囲から逸脱することなく容易に実施できるであろう。   The preferred embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other embodiments and variations to this embodiment will be apparent to those skilled in the art and may be readily practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. .

10、10a、10b、10c、10d ループアンテナ
12 誘電体基板
14 第1の線路導体
16 第2の線路導体
18 第1の迂回線路導体
20 第2の迂回線路導体
22 両端を給電点とする切断部
24,26 給電点
28 給電部
30 第1の線路導体14の上側端部
32 第2の線路導体16の上側端部
34 第1の線路導体14の下側端部
36 第2の線路導体16の下側端部
38 第1および第2の線路導体14,16の離間した空間部
40 上側蛇行部
42 下側蛇行部
B インピーダンス調整用の線路
10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d Loop antenna 12 Dielectric substrate 14 First line conductor 16 Second line conductor 18 First detour path conductor 20 Second detour path conductor 22 Cutting section with both ends as feeding points 24, 26 Feed point 28 Feed part 30 Upper end part of the first line conductor 14 32 Upper end part of the second line conductor 16 34 Lower end part of the first line conductor 36 36 of the second line conductor 16 Lower end 38 Spaced space between first and second line conductors 14 and 16 40 Upper meander 42 Lower serpentine
B Impedance adjustment line

Claims (14)

所定の誘電率を有する誘電体基板;
第1の周波数帯域および第2の周波数帯域の中、直線偏波の周波数に関連して決められた長さを有し、前記誘電体基板上に、所定の距離を隔てて平行に伸びるように配設され、その両端が電気的に接続されている第1および第2の線路導体;
前記第1線路導体の一部を切断し、その切断部の両端を橋絡するように繋ぎ、前記第1の線路導体の横方向外側に伸びて配設される第1の迂回線路導体;
前記第2線路導体の一部を切断し、その切断部の両端を橋絡するように繋ぎ、前記第2の線路導体の横方向外側に伸びて配設される第2の迂回線路導体;および
前記第1線路導体あるいは前記第2線路導体の他の一部を切断し、その切断部の両端を給電点とする給電部を有するように構成された、異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。
A dielectric substrate having a predetermined dielectric constant;
The first frequency band and the second frequency band have a length determined in relation to the frequency of linearly polarized waves, and extend in parallel with a predetermined distance on the dielectric substrate. First and second line conductors disposed and electrically connected at both ends;
A first detour conductor that cuts a part of the first line conductor, connects both ends of the cut portion so as to bridge, and extends outward in the lateral direction of the first line conductor;
Cutting a part of the second line conductor, connecting both ends of the cut portion so as to bridge, and extending outward in the lateral direction of the second line conductor; A part of the first line conductor or the second line conductor is cut, and a circularly polarized wave and a linearly polarized wave having different frequency bands are configured to have a feeding part having feeding points at both ends of the cut part. Loop antenna that can be shared with waves.
前記第1線路導体あるいは前記第2線路導体の他の一部を切断し、その切断部の両端を給電点とする給電部は、円偏波の旋回方向および、円偏波の周波数帯域に応じて設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   The feed section that cuts the other part of the first line conductor or the second line conductor and uses both ends of the cut section as feed points depends on the direction of circular polarization and the frequency band of the circular polarization. The loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves of different frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein 前記第1および第2の線路導体間の所定の離間距離は、第2の周波数帯域の誘電体基板の誘電率を考慮した波長の10分の1以下となるように決められることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   The predetermined separation distance between the first and second line conductors is determined to be not more than one-tenth of a wavelength considering the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate in the second frequency band. A loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to claim 1 or 2. 前記第1あるいは第2の迂回線路導体のどちらか一方が設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   4. The loop antenna that can be used for both circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein either one of the first or second detour path conductors is provided. 5. 前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体は、それぞれ対向する対称位置に設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   The said 1st and 2nd detour path conductor can be shared by the circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave of a different frequency band of Claim 1 or 2 or 3 characterized by being provided in the symmetrical position which opposes, respectively. Loop antenna. 前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体は、それぞれ非対称の位置に設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   4. The loop that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein the first and second detour path conductors are provided at asymmetric positions, respectively. antenna. 前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体は、それぞれ複数個設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   4. The loop antenna that can be used for both circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves of different frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the first and second bypass path conductors are provided. 前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体の形状は、コ字型に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   4. The circularly polarized wave and the linearly polarized wave in different frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein the first and second detour path conductors are formed in a U shape. 5. Loop antenna that can be shared. 前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体の形状は、それぞれ蛇行するように形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   4. The circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave in different frequency bands according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the first and second detour path conductors are formed to meander. Loop antenna that can be shared with both. 前記第1および第2の迂回線路導体は、それぞれ折り曲げて第1および第2の線路導体とは別の平面上に配設されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   The said 1st and 2nd detour path conductor is each bent, and is arrange | positioned on the plane different from the 1st and 2nd line conductor, The 1st, 2 or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Loop antenna that can be used for both circular and linear polarizations in different frequency bands. 前記給電部には、インピーダンス整合のためのインピーダンス調整用の線路が取り付け配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   The impedance adjustment line for impedance matching is attached to the power supply unit, and the circularly polarized wave and the linearly polarized wave having different frequency bands according to claim 1, 2, or 3, Loop antenna that can be shared. 前記第1および第2の線路導体の形状は、それぞれ直線状に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   The shape of each of the first and second line conductors is linearly formed, and is shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to claim 1, 2, or 3. Loop antenna that can. 前記第1および第2の線路導体の上側および下側のそれぞれの端部は、両者の離間した空間部に折り込んだ状態で両先端部を電気的に接続して構成したことを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   Each of the upper and lower ends of the first and second line conductors is formed by electrically connecting both tip portions in a state of being folded into a space portion where both are separated, A loop antenna that can be shared by circularly polarized waves and linearly polarized waves in different frequency bands according to claim 1, 2, or 3. 前記第1および第2の線路導体の形状は、それぞれ蛇行するように形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2または3に記載の異なる周波数帯域の円偏波および直線偏波に共用できるループアンテナ。   4. The circularly polarized wave and linearly polarized wave in different frequency bands according to claim 1, wherein the first and second line conductors are formed to meander, respectively. 5. Loop antenna that can be shared.
JP2012203188A 2012-09-14 2012-09-14 Loop antenna that can be used for both circular and linear polarization in different frequency bands Expired - Fee Related JP5958937B2 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4804965A (en) * 1985-07-09 1989-02-14 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Flat wide-band antenna
JP2008278481A (en) * 2007-04-06 2008-11-13 Asahi Glass Co Ltd High frequency glass antenna for automobile, and window glass for automobile
JP2010252190A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Fujitsu Ten Ltd Antenna
WO2012029639A1 (en) * 2010-09-01 2012-03-08 国立大学法人愛媛大学 Antenna

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4804965A (en) * 1985-07-09 1989-02-14 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Flat wide-band antenna
JP2008278481A (en) * 2007-04-06 2008-11-13 Asahi Glass Co Ltd High frequency glass antenna for automobile, and window glass for automobile
JP2010252190A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Fujitsu Ten Ltd Antenna
WO2012029639A1 (en) * 2010-09-01 2012-03-08 国立大学法人愛媛大学 Antenna

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