JP2014055345A - System and method for recovering mercury from cement kiln dust - Google Patents

Abstract

Mercury is efficiently recovered from dust contained in cement kiln combustion gas.
An airflow furnace 2 for heating a cement kiln dust KD2 in an air stream, a classifier 3 for separating an exhaust gas G4 containing cement kiln dust from the airflow furnace into a coarse powder D1 and an exhaust gas G5 containing fine powder D2. Solid-gas separation device 5 for solid-gas separation of gas containing fine powder from the classifier, microwave heat treatment device 6 for irradiating and heating the separated fine powder D5, and irradiating the fine powder with microwave A mercury recovery system 1 from a cement kiln dust comprising a mercury recovery device 8 for recovering mercury contained in the exhaust gas G7 separated by the mercury volatilized by the solid-gas separation device. A gas cooler 4 that cools the fine powder from the classifier may be provided, and a gas containing the fine powder from the gas cooler may be supplied to the solid-gas separation device. While the fine powder separated by the solid-gas separator is continuously moved, the microwave can be continuously irradiated with the microwave by the microwave heat treatment apparatus.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for recovering mercury from dust contained in cement kiln flue gas.

  Cement kiln exhaust gas contains a trace amount of metallic mercury (Hg). Its origin is not only mercury contained in natural raw materials such as limestone, which is the main raw material of cement, but also mercury contained in a wide variety of recycled resources such as fly ash. In the future, recycling of wastes as cement raw materials and fuels will be promoted, and as the amount of waste processing increases, the mercury concentration in the cement kiln exhaust gas may increase.

  However, it is extremely difficult to remove the mercury contained in the exhaust gas of cement kiln at a low concentration from a large amount of exhaust gas, and if the mercury in the exhaust gas of cement kiln increases, it may cause air pollution, There is also a risk of hindering expansion of the use of recycled resources such as fly ash.

  Therefore, conventionally, Patent Document 1 and the like have proposed a mercury recovery system as shown in FIGS.

  The cement manufacturing facility 21 in which the mercury recovery system 51 is installed includes a cement kiln 22 including a cement kiln 22, a preheater 23, a calcining furnace 24, a cyclone 25 constituting a chlorine bypass system, a bag filter 26, and the like. Raw fuel is put into a cement baking apparatus, and the clinker is fired.

  In the exhaust gas G1 from the preheater 23, mercury contained in natural raw materials and recycled resources is volatilized, and this exhaust gas G1 passes through a waste heat boiler 27, a fan 28, a humidity control tower 29, and a raw material dryer 30, and an electric dust collector. The cement kiln dust (hereinafter referred to as “kiln dust”) KD1 introduced into the (or bag filter) 31 and contained in the exhaust gas G2 is recovered. The exhaust gas G3 after collecting the kiln dust KD1 is discharged from the chimney 33 through the fan 32 to the atmosphere. Further, mercury is adhered to the dust discharged from the humidity control tower 29, the raw material after being dried by the raw material dryer 30, the kiln dust KD1, and the like due to the temperature decrease of the exhaust gas G1.

  Therefore, a part of the kiln dust KD1 collected by the electric dust collector 31 is collected, and the collected kiln dust KD2 is introduced into the mercury recovery system 51. The other kiln dust KD3 is stored in the raw material silo 36 together with the cement raw material R1 and the coal ash CA pulverized by the raw material mill 35, and then charged into the preheater 23 as the mixed raw material R2.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the mercury recovery system 51 is an air flow that heats the collected kiln dust KD2 in a clinker cooler extraction gas attached to the cement kiln 22 or a hot gas HG air flow from a hot air generator. The cyclone 53 that separates the furnace 52, the kiln dust KD2 and the exhaust gas G14 from the airflow furnace 52 into the coarse powder D11 and the exhaust gas G15 containing the fine powder D12, and the primary gas that cools the fine powder D12 and the exhaust gas G15 from the cyclone 53 A cooler 54, a bag filter 55 that collects the fine powder D14 contained in the exhaust gas G16 after cooling, a secondary gas cooler 56 that cools the exhaust gas G17 of the bag filter 55, an induction fan 57, and an exhaust gas after cooling And a mercury recovery device 58 for recovering mercury from G18.

Japanese Patent No. 4527139

  In the mercury recovery system 51 having the above-described configuration, the kiln dust KD2 is charged into the airflow furnace 52, heated with a high temperature gas HG of 400 ° C. to 1100 ° C., and finally the mercury volatilized from the kiln dust KD2 is recovered by the mercury recovery device 58. . However, the amount of the coarse powder D11 separated by the cyclone 53 occupies 90% of the kiln dust KD2, and this coarse powder D11 contains 3% mercury. It is returned to the preheater 23 without being collected in the apparatus 58. Further, since the remaining 10% of the fine powder D15 collected by the bag filter 55 contains 27% of mercury, 30% of mercury as a whole is returned to the preheater 23 without being collected by the mercury collecting device 58. As a result, there was room for improvement in terms of mercury recovery efficiency. The fine powder D13 is also recovered from the primary gas cooler 54, but it is not considered in the above calculation because it is very small.

  In addition to the above, when the amount of unburned carbon in the kiln dust KD2 increases, the mercury recovery efficiency from the fine powder D15 recovered by the bag filter 55 tends to decrease.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide an apparatus and method capable of efficiently recovering mercury from dust contained in cement kiln combustion gas. And

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a mercury recovery system from cement kiln dust, an air flow furnace for heating cement kiln dust in an air flow, and an exhaust gas containing the cement kiln dust from the air flow furnace, A classifier that separates coarse powder and gas containing fine powder, a solid-gas separator that separates gas containing fine powder from the classifier, and a microwave that is irradiated to the fine powder separated by the solid-gas separator. A microwave heat treatment device that heats the fine powder, and a mercury recovery device that recovers the mercury that is volatilized by irradiating the fine powder with microwaves and the mercury contained in the gas separated by the solid-gas separation device. Features.

  According to the present invention, the microwave adhering to the fine powder is volatilized by irradiating and heating the fine powder separated by the solid-gas separator by the microwave heat treatment apparatus, and the mercury is efficiently removed from the cement kiln dust. Can be recovered. By irradiation with microwaves, in particular, unburned carbon contained in cement kiln dust can be heated to a higher temperature, so that mercury contained in unburned carbon can be efficiently volatilized and recovered. .

  The mercury recovery system includes a gas cooler that cools the gas containing fine powder from the classifier, and the gas containing fine powder from the gas cooler can be supplied to the solid-gas separation device. It can be set as the system which considered the heat-resistant temperature of a gas separation apparatus, and the mercury recovery efficiency in a mercury recovery apparatus.

In the mercury recovery system, the microwave can be continuously irradiated with the microwave by the microwave heating apparatus while continuously moving the fine powder separated by the solid-gas separator.

  In the mercury recovery system, the fine powder can be heated to 400 ° C. or higher by irradiation of the fine powder with the microwave by the microwave heat treatment apparatus.

  The present invention is also a method for recovering mercury from cement kiln dust, wherein the cement kiln dust is heated in an air stream, and the gas containing the cement kiln dust after heating is changed into a coarse powder and a gas containing fine powder. Separating and collecting the fine powder from the gas containing the fine powder after the separation, heating the collected fine powder by irradiating with microwaves, and volatilizing mercury from the fine powder, and the gas after collecting the fine powder It is characterized by recovering mercury. According to the present invention, mercury attached to fine powder can be volatilized and mercury can be efficiently recovered from cement kiln dust as in the above-described invention.

  In this method of recovering mercury from cement kiln dust, the amount of unburned carbon contained in the fine powder can be adjusted to 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, and the unburned carbon becomes higher temperature by microwave heating. Can be used to efficiently volatilize and recover more mercury.

  As described above, according to the present invention, mercury can be efficiently recovered from dust contained in cement kiln combustion gas.

It is a whole lineblock diagram showing one embodiment of a mercury recovery system from cement kiln dust concerning the present invention. It is a whole block diagram which shows the cement manufacturing equipment in which this invention and the conventional mercury recovery system are installed. It is a whole block diagram which shows an example of the mercury recovery system from the conventional cement kiln dust.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a mercury recovery system (hereinafter referred to as “mercury recovery system”) 1 from cement kiln dust according to the present invention. This mercury recovery system 1 is shown in FIG. It can be installed in the cement production facility 21.

  This mercury recovery system 1 includes an airflow furnace 2 that heats kiln dust KD2 in a stream of high-temperature gas HG, kiln dust KD2 and exhaust gas G4 from airflow furnace 2 into coarse powder D1 and exhaust gas G5 that contains fine powder D2. A cyclone 3 as a classifier for separation, a gas cooler 4 for cooling the exhaust gas G5 containing fine powder D2 from the cyclone 3, a bag filter 5 as a solid-gas separation device for collecting the fine powder D4 after cooling, and a bag Microwave heat treatment device 6 that irradiates and heats fine powder D5 from filter 5 with microwave, induction fan 7 that induces exhaust gas G7 of bag filter 5 and exhaust gas G8 from microwave heat treatment device 6, and induction fan And a mercury recovery device 8 for recovering mercury from the exhaust gas G9.

  The airflow furnace 2 is provided for heating the kiln dust KD2 in the airflow by using the clinker cooler extraction gas attached to the cement kiln 22 in FIG. 2 or the hot gas HG from the hot air generator, and is introduced into the lower part. The kiln dust KD2 is heated and conveyed by the hot gas HG and discharged from the upper part.

  The cyclone 3 is provided to separate the kiln dust KD2 and the exhaust gas G4 discharged from the airflow furnace 2 into the coarse powder D1 and the exhaust gas G5 containing the fine powder D2. The classification point of the cyclone 3 is about 0.8 to 15 μm. A classifier other than the cyclone 3 can also be used.

  The gas cooler 4 is provided for cooling the exhaust gas G5 containing the fine powder D2 from the cyclone 3 in consideration of the heat resistance temperature of the bag filter 5 at the subsequent stage and the mercury recovery efficiency in the mercury recovery device 8. Instead of 4, a heat exchanger or the like can be used.

  The bag filter 5 is provided to collect the fine powder D4 after cooling, and an electric dust collector or the like can be used in place of the bag filter 5.

  The microwave heat treatment apparatus 6 is provided for irradiating and heating the fine powder D5 from the bag filter 5 with microwaves, for example, irradiating microwaves of 2.45 GHz. The frequency of the microwave is not limited to 2.45 GHz, and may be any frequency that allows high-frequency induction heating of the fine powder D5 and volatilization of mercury from the fine powder D5.

  The mercury recovery device 8 is provided for recovering mercury from the exhaust gas G9, and can recover by adsorbing mercury using activated carbon or the like. Instead of the dry mercury recovery device 8 using activated carbon or the like, a wet mercury recovery device may be used.

  Next, the operation of the mercury recovery system 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  A part of the kiln dust KD1 discharged from the electrostatic precipitator 31 of FIG. 2 is collected, and the collected kiln dust KD2 is put into the airflow furnace 2 and heated with a high temperature gas HG of 400 ° C. to 1100 ° C. As a result, the mercury adhering to the kiln dust KD2 is volatilized.

  Next, the kiln dust KD2 and the exhaust gas G4 discharged from the airflow furnace 2 are separated into the coarse powder D1 and the exhaust gas G5 containing the fine powder D2 by the cyclone 3, and the separated coarse powder D1 is returned to the preheater 23, and the fine powder D2 is recovered. The contained exhaust gas G5 is cooled by the gas cooler 4. The fine powder D3 recovered from the gas cooler 4 is also returned to the preheater 23.

  Next, the exhaust gas G6 containing the fine powder D4 from the gas cooler 4 is introduced into the bag filter 5, and the fine powder D5 is recovered and introduced into the microwave heat treatment apparatus 6.

  In the microwave heat treatment apparatus 6, the fine powder D5 is irradiated with a microwave of about 2.45 GHz with an intensity of about 5 W / g, and the fine powder D5 is heated to 400 ° C. or higher. More preferably, it heats to 400-700 degreeC. While the fine powder D5 is continuously moved inside the microwave heat treatment apparatus 6, the fine powder D5 is continuously irradiated with microwaves for 5 to 10 minutes. Thereby, mercury adhering to the fine powder D5 is volatilized. In particular, since the unburned carbon contained in the fine powder D5 can be heated to a higher temperature than other fine powders by microwave irradiation, the mercury contained in the unburned carbon can be efficiently volatilized. In addition, organic chlorine compounds such as dioxins adhering to unburned carbon can be rendered harmless.

  As described above, by utilizing the fact that unburned carbon can be heated to a higher temperature by microwave heating, it may be adjusted so that more unburned carbon remains in kiln dust KD2 and fine powder D5. You may adjust the unburned carbon content rate of the fine powder D5 to 1-20 mass%. Examples of the method for adjusting the unburned carbon include a method in which a carbon component such as activated carbon is blown before the electrostatic precipitator 31, a method of adding to kiln dust KD2, a method of adding to dust D5, and the like.

  The mercury recovery device 8 absorbs and recovers mercury volatilized by microwave irradiation in the microwave heat treatment device 6 and mercury contained in the exhaust gas G7 separated by the bag filter 5 on activated carbon or the like. The exhaust gas G10 after collecting the mercury is returned to the exhaust gas system of the cement kiln 22 in FIG.

  Table 1 compares the mercury recovery efficiency when the mercury recovery system 1 or the conventional mercury recovery system 51 is used. The case where the mercury recovery system 1 is used is shown as an example, and the case where the mercury recovery system 51 is used is shown as a comparative example.

  In the mercury recovery system 1, the amount of coarse powder D1 separated by the cyclone 3 occupies 90% of the kiln dust KD2, but this coarse powder D1 contains 3% of mercury. The mercury is not recovered by the mercury recovery device 8 but returned to the preheater 23. This is the same as the conventional mercury recovery system 51.

  However, in the present invention, the remaining 10% of the fine powder D5 collected by the bag filter 5 is heated by microwave irradiation with the microwave heat treatment device 6 so that the fine powder D5 is heated to the fine powder D5. Contains only 0.4% mercury, and only 3.4% mercury is returned to the preheater 23 without being collected by the mercury collecting device 8, and the mercury collecting efficiency is increased from 70% to 96. .6% can be greatly improved. The fine powder D3 is also collected from the gas cooler 4, but it is not considered in the above calculation because it is a very small amount.

  In the above embodiment, the gas cooler 4 is provided in the mercury recovery system 1, but the gas cooler 4 may be deleted depending on the temperature of the exhaust gas G5 of the cyclone 3 and the heat resistance temperature of the bag filter 5. Is possible.

  Further, in the microwave heat treatment apparatus 6, the microwave was irradiated while continuously moving the fine powder D5, but it was not always necessary to move the fine powder D5 continuously, and the movement of the predetermined amount of the fine powder D5 was stopped. It is also possible to heat-process in batch mode.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mercury recovery system 2 Airflow furnace 3 Cyclone 4 Gas cooler 5 Bag filter 6 Microwave heat processing apparatus 7 Induction fan 8 Mercury recovery apparatus D1 Coarse powder D2-D5 Fine powder G1-G10 Exhaust gas HG Hot gas KD1-KD3 Kiln dust

Claims (6)

An air flow furnace for heating cement kiln dust in an air flow,
A classifier for separating the exhaust gas containing the cement kiln dust from the airflow furnace into a coarse powder and a gas containing fine powder;
A solid-gas separation device for solid-gas separation of gas containing fine powder from the classifier;
A microwave heat treatment device for irradiating and heating the fine powder separated by the solid-gas separation device;
A mercury recovery system from cement kiln dust, comprising: a mercury recovery device that recovers mercury volatilized by irradiating the fine powder with microwaves and mercury contained in the gas separated by the solid-gas separation device. .   The cement kiln according to claim 1, further comprising a gas cooler that cools the gas containing fine powder from the classifier, and supplying the gas containing fine powder from the gas cooler to the solid-gas separation device. Mercury recovery system from dust.   The cement kiln according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the microwave is continuously irradiated with the microwave by the microwave heat treatment device while continuously moving the fine powder separated by the solid-gas separation device. Mercury recovery system from dust.   The mercury recovery system for cement kiln dust according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fine powder is heated to 400 ° C or higher by irradiating the fine powder with microwaves by the microwave heat treatment apparatus. Cement kiln dust is heated in an air stream,
Separating the gas containing the cement kiln dust after heating into a coarse powder and a gas containing fine powder;
Collecting the fine powder from the gas containing the fine powder after separation;
The collected fine powder is heated by being irradiated with microwaves,
A method for recovering mercury from cement kiln dust, comprising recovering mercury volatilized from the fine powder and mercury contained in the gas after the fine powder is recovered.   The method for recovering mercury from cement kiln dust according to claim 5, wherein the amount of unburned carbon contained in the fine powder is adjusted to 1 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less.

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