JP2014012621A - Elastic adhesive material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cement based adhesive that is excellent in durability to repeating load of freezing damage and earthquake or the like due to workability same as that of a usual cement mortal, and that is useful for tile application to an exterior wall and a double flooring method.SOLUTION: An elastic adhesive material includes based on (A)100 parts by mass of portland cement: (B1) 1.0-9.5 parts by mass of a lightweight fine aggregate; (B2) 76-91 parts by mass of a fine aggregate other than the lightweight fine aggregate; (C) 0.27-0.45 parts by mass of a fiber in which a fiber length is at least 10 mm; (D) 1.54-6.03 parts by mass by a solid content conversion of a polymer dispersion and/or a re-emulsion powder resin. The mass ratio (C/B1) of (C) the fiber to (B1) the lightweight fine aggregate is 0.04-0.31, and the mass ratio (C/D) of (C) the fiber to (D) the polymer by a solid content conversion is 0.05-0.20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a polymer cement-based elastic adhesive excellent in deformation followability.

  In recent years, tiles are often constructed on the outer walls of apartment buildings, the inner walls of entrances, floors, indoor floors, etc., and cement mortar, modified silicone resins, epoxy resins, etc. are commonly used as the adhesive material in such cases. (Patent Document 1). If the size of the tile exceeds 200 x 200 mm, it will be difficult to attach it with an adhesive such as cement mortar, modified silicone resin, or epoxy resin, and it will be fixed mechanically to the concrete or mixed with cement-based quick setting material. Polymer cement mortar type adhesives using a polymer cement mortar and a super-hard cement have been devised (Patent Documents 2 and 3). However, the method of mechanically fixing to the concrete frame is cumbersome, takes time for construction, and is expensive. In addition, fast-curing polymer cement mortar is difficult to construct in large quantities, so the work is complicated and the construction cost is expensive.

  In general, when tiles are attached to the outer wall, cement mortar with high adhesion strength is used in consideration of the risk of peeling. However, in order to reduce construction costs, there have been an increasing number of cases in which the direct construction method in which cement mortar is applied directly to the frame concrete. In the direct stretch construction method, construction management is difficult, and in a site where the construction area is large, it is difficult to stably provide adhesive strength with the concrete to the entire construction site. For this reason, use of a water-soluble polymer emulsion or a re-emulsified powder resin improves adhesion and stability with the concrete. Also, along with the widespread use of organic foam lightweight aggregates, the use of these reduces the Young's modulus, and improves the toughness and elongation at break, thereby expanding and shrinking tiles due to temperature differences between daytime and nighttime. In contrast, a method for maintaining a stable adhesion force has been proposed (Patent Document 4).

  In general, the double floor construction method is used for indoor floors of concrete houses, and flooring and tiles are constructed with adhesives such as modified silicone resins and epoxy resins. The problem in that case is that there is a space between the concrete frame and the flooring material, so that the impact sound of the floor is transmitted down and unpleasant to the residents. As countermeasures, a method of attaching the damping material to the sound source by placing it inside the sound insulating material, sandwiching it, or attaching it directly to the vibrating part like packing is adopted. In many cases, rubber-based, plastic-based, or asphalt-based flooring is used as the damping material. When the damping material is used in combination with the floor base, the soundproofing effect is enhanced.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-79988 JP-A-6-80457 JP 2005-314220 A Japanese Patent No. 4308513

However, the use of the damping material in the double floor method has a problem that the work process is increased and complicated, and the construction cost is also increased. On the other hand, when flooring or tiles are pasted with lightweight cement mortar as described in Patent Document 4, proper bending toughness cannot be obtained and durability may be reduced. Moreover, it is not enough to reduce the Young's modulus of the adhesive to reduce the adhesion of the outer wall tile due to deformation and frost damage caused by earthquakes that have occurred frequently in recent years.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a cement-based adhesive that is excellent in durability against repeated loads such as frost damage and earthquake due to the same workability as ordinary cement mortar, and is useful for tile construction and double flooring on the outer wall. It is to provide.

  Therefore, as a result of examining the durability of the cement-based adhesive against repeated loading, the inventor of Portland cement, fine aggregate, fiber and polymer contains a certain amount of lightweight fine aggregate and a certain amount of fiber. By using in combination with long fibers, it shows excellent bending toughness in bending strength tests, rather than breaking at a constant load, has excellent deformation followability, and durability against repeated loading As a result, it was found that an elastic adhesive having excellent durability can be obtained even when it is applied to tile construction on an outer wall and a double floor construction method, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [3].
[1] (B) 1.0 to 9.5 parts by mass of a lightweight fine aggregate and (B2) 76 to 91 parts by mass of a fine aggregate other than the lightweight fine aggregate with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. And (C) 0.27 to 0.45 parts by mass of fibers having a fiber length of 10 mm or more, and (D) 1.54 to 6.03 parts by mass of polymer dispersion and / or re-emulsified powder resin in terms of solid content. And (C) fiber and (B1) mass ratio (C / B1) of lightweight fine aggregate is 0.04 to 0.31, (C) fiber and (D) mass ratio in terms of polymer solid content (C / D) ) An elastic adhesive that is 0.05 to 0.20.
[2] The elastic adhesive according to [1], wherein the light-weight fine aggregate has a particle size of 2 mm or less.
[3] The elastic adhesive according to [1] or [2], further comprising (E) a setting retarder.

  The elastic adhesive material of the present invention has improved durability against repeated loading by using a certain amount of lightweight fine aggregate and fibers of 10 mm or more, thereby improving durability against repeated loading, and tiling on the outer wall. Even if it is adopted in the double floor construction method, excellent durability can be obtained.

An outline of the bending toughness test is shown. The example of the bending toughness test result of an Example is shown. The example of the bending toughness test result of a comparative example is shown. The schematic of the adhesion test example is shown.

  The elastic adhesive of the present invention comprises (A) 100 parts by mass of Portland cement, (B1) 1.0 to 9.5 parts by mass of a lightweight fine aggregate, and (B2) fine aggregates other than the lightweight fine aggregate. 76-91 parts by mass, (C) 0.27-0.45 parts by mass of fibers having a fiber length of 10 mm or more, and (D) 1.54-6. Contains 03 parts by mass, and the mass ratio of (C) fiber to (B1) lightweight fine aggregate (C / B1) is 0.04 to 0.31, (C) fiber and (D) mass ratio in terms of polymer solid content (C / D) is 0.05-0.20.

  Examples of (A) Portland cement used in the elastic adhesive of the present invention include ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately hot Portland cement, and the like. In addition, white cement having physical properties equivalent to those of ordinary Portland can be used.

In the elastic adhesive of the present invention, (B1) a lightweight fine aggregate and (B2) a fine aggregate other than the lightweight fine aggregate are used in combination.
(B1) As the lightweight fine aggregate, any of lightweight aggregates made of organic materials such as EVA foamed aggregates and styrene foamed aggregates, and lightweight aggregates made of natural or artificial inorganic materials can be used. Preferably, a lightweight aggregate having a porosity of about 40 to 90% is used. If the porosity is less than 40%, the effect of weight reduction is difficult to obtain, and if it exceeds 90%, it is fragile and may be damaged during mixing or the desired durability may not be obtained. It does not specifically limit as a component of a lightweight fine aggregate. Examples thereof include foams of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, expanded polystyrene resins, natural or artificial porous inorganic aggregates, and perlite which is a generally hollow inorganic aggregate. More preferably, since it is easy to obtain a mortar composition excellent in plastering workability, two or more of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer foam, a polystyrene foam resin and pearlite can be used in combination.
Further, (B1) the light-weight fine aggregate preferably has a maximum particle size of 2400 μm or less, and more preferably a maximum particle size of 2000 μm or less.

(B2) The fine aggregate other than the lightweight aggregate may be any ordinary fine aggregate that can be used for mortar and concrete, for example, commercially available quartz sand, cryogenic stone, limestone sand, river sand, sea sand, mountain Examples thereof include sand and crushed sand.
(B2) The particle size of the fine aggregate is preferably a maximum particle size of 2400 μm or less, more preferably a maximum particle size of 1200 μm or less. However, in order to control the quality of the elastic adhesive of the present invention, a commercially available silica sand whose particle size is controlled is used. preferable. For example, trade names “Kashima Silica No. 4” and “Kashima Silica No. 5” manufactured by Takano Shoji Co., Ltd. may be mentioned.

(B1) A lightweight fine aggregate contains 1.0-9.5 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of (A) Portland cement. (B1) If the lightweight aggregate is less than 1.0 part by mass, the Young's modulus is high, and if it exceeds 9.5 parts by mass, the workability is reduced and the adhesion strength and bending strength are also reduced. (B2) Fine aggregates other than lightweight aggregates contain 76 to 91 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. When the fine aggregate of (B2) is less than 76 parts by mass, the drying shrinkage increases and the adhesion strength decreases. Also, the Young's modulus is increased. When it exceeds 91 parts by mass, the workability is lowered, the bending strength is lowered, and the bending toughness is lowered.
The content of (B1) lightweight aggregate is preferably 1.0 to 9.5 parts by mass, more preferably 1.1 to 7.7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. Moreover, content of the preferable fine aggregate of (B2) is 76-91 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of (A) Portland cement, More preferably, it is 80-90 mass parts.

  Further, the content of (B) fine aggregate (including (B1) and (B2)) is preferably 79 to 101 parts by mass, more preferably 84 to 98 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. 85 to 96 parts by mass is more preferable. The content mass ratio of (B1) lightweight aggregate to the total amount of (B) fine aggregate is preferably 0.01 to 0.09, more preferably 0.02 to 0.08, and even more preferably 0.03 to 0.06. .

The (C) fiber that can be used in the elastic adhesive of the present invention preferably has a fiber length of 10 mm or more so as not to reduce the thick coatability and bending strength. Preferably it is 10-35 mm, More preferably, it is 10-25 mm. (C) As a fiber, if it has alkali resistance, the organic fiber and glass fiber which can be mixed with mortar can be used. As the organic fiber, polyester, acrylic, nylon, vinylon, or the like can be used, and glass fiber having alkali resistance can be used as the glass fiber.
In addition, if (C) a fiber having a fiber length of 10 mm or more is contained, other fibers can be used in combination with a short fiber of less than 10 mm.
Content of (C) fiber which can be used for this invention is 0.27-0.45 mass part with respect to 100 mass parts of Portland cement. More preferably, it is 0.30-0.42 mass part, More preferably, it is 0.31-0.42 mass part. If it is less than 0.27 parts by mass, the bending strength is not improved even if the thickness is improved. Also, improvement in bending toughness cannot be expected. For this reason, when used as a tiled material for the outer wall, there is a risk of peeling when an earthquake occurs, and there is also a risk that the vibration damping performance may be reduced when employed in a double floor construction method. If it exceeds 0.42 parts by mass, the kneading properties are lowered and the amount of kneading water is increased, so that the bending strength is lowered. Also, the workability of the iron is reduced.

  As the polymer (D) that can be used in the elastic adhesive of the present invention, a polymer dispersion or a re-emulsified powder resin specified in JIS A6203 can be used and can be used in combination. As the polymer dispersion, a resin containing ethylene vinyl acetate, styrene butadiene, polyacrylic acid ester or the like as a main component can be used. In addition, as re-emulsifying powder resin, powdery resin mainly composed of ethylene vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate / vinyl versatic acid, vinyl acetate / vinyl versatic acid / acrylic acid ester, polyacrylic acid ester, styrene butadiene, etc. Can be used. The method for producing the polymer dispersion is not limited, and the polymer dispersion may be produced by a production method using a surfactant as an emulsifier for the polymer dispersion. Furthermore, the production method of the re-emulsified powder resin is not limited, and may be produced by a powdering method or an anti-blocking method.

  (D) The content of the polymer is preferably 1.54 to 6.03 parts by mass, more preferably 3.33 to 5.88 parts by mass in terms of solid content, with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. . If it is less than 1.54 parts by mass, there is no mixing effect, and if it exceeds 6.03 parts by mass, the workability will be reduced and film formation at the surface layer will be easier, and adhesion to tiles, flooring, etc. will be reduced, and adhesion will occur. There is a risk of losing its function as an agent.

  The mass ratio (C / B1) of (C) fiber and (B1) lightweight fine aggregate is preferably 0.04 to 0.31, more preferably 0.05 to 0.27, and even more preferably 0. 0.06-0.16. If it is less than 0.04, there is no effect of mixing the fibers, and if it exceeds 0.31, the iron workability is lowered and the adhesion to the tile is lowered due to the excessive amount of fibers.

  The mass ratio (C / D) of (C) fiber and (D) polymer is preferably 0.05 to 0.20, more preferably 0.06 to 0.15, and even more preferably, in terms of solid content. 0.07 to 0.13. If it is less than 0.05, there is no effect of mixing the fibers, and there is a possibility that thickening cannot be performed. If it exceeds 0.20, the workability of the iron is lowered and the adhesion may be lowered.

  In the elastic adhesive of the present invention, (E) a setting retarder can be used. (E) The setting retarder is not particularly limited as long as it can delay the setting of the cement. In general, citric acid, tartaric acid, potassium sodium tartrate, calcium gluconate and the like can be exemplified. The setting retarding agent is useful for preventing the cement setting start time from being accelerated in an environmental condition where the temperature is high, such as in summer, and ensuring a time during which construction work can be performed. For the elastic adhesive of the present invention, a sulfate such as dihydrate gypsum, an organic acid such as tartaric acid, or a salt thereof can be suitably used.

  (E) As for content of a setting retarder, 0.10-0.24 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of (A) Portland cement, More preferably, it is 0.10-0.22 mass part. More preferably, it is 0.10-0.18 mass part. If the amount is less than 0.10 parts by mass, the initial setting time is shortened and the workability is lowered, and there is a possibility that an appropriate construction amount cannot be obtained. If the amount exceeds 0.24 parts by mass, there is a possibility that thickening cannot be performed, and there is a possibility that the tiles may be displaced after being attached.

  In addition to the above components, (F) a water retention agent can be used for the elastic adhesive of the present invention. As the water retention agent used in the present invention, a cellulose derivative is preferable. Any cellulose derivative may be used as long as it is soluble in water, for example, water-soluble cellulose such as methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, cellulose sulfate, etc. Derivatives. Among these, methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose are preferable.

  The content of (F) water retention agent is preferably 0.27 to 0.36 parts by mass, more preferably 0.29 to 0.35 parts by mass, and still more preferably, with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. 0.30 to 0.34 parts by mass. If it is less than 0.27 parts by mass, there is no mixed effect, and if it exceeds 0.36 parts by mass, there will be a delay in curing, strength development will be reduced, viscosity will be increased, and workability may be reduced. (F) It is possible to use starch together with a cellulose derivative as a water retention agent. As the starch, corn starch, potato starch, tapioca starch and the like can be used.

  The method for producing the elastic adhesive of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be produced by a method generally similar to general cement mortar and cement paste. For example, it can be easily obtained simply by putting the compounding material into a commercially available mortar mixer and kneading as appropriate.

  The amount of water when kneading the elastic adhesive of the present invention is preferably 44 to 58 parts by mass, more preferably 45 to 56 parts by mass, and still more preferably 47 to 52 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) Portland cement. It is. When the amount is less than 44 parts by mass, the workability of the iron is lowered, the Young's modulus is increased, and good deformation followability cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 58 parts by mass, the thickness may deteriorate and the tile may be difficult to be pasted.

  The elastic adhesive material of the present invention can be applied to any floor surface or wall surface, for example, by a plastering method using trowel coating that has been conventionally performed. By attaching the tile after the construction of the elastic adhesive of the present invention, the tile can be attached to the concrete frame.

  EXAMPLES Next, an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in detail.

Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-14
Using the materials shown in Table 1, elastic adhesives were produced according to the formulations shown in Tables 10 to 13.

  The following various properties were evaluated using the obtained elastic adhesive.

<Confirmation of fresh properties>
1-1. Flow test Measured according to JIS R5201 in a 20 ° C test room.
1-2. Measurement of unit volume mass It measured by JISA1171 in a 20 degreeC test room using a 500 ml stainless steel container.
1-3. Water retention The water retention after 60 minutes was measured using filter paper 5A according to JIS A 6916 appendix.

<Confirmation of curing properties>
2-1. Water absorption test According to JISA 1171, the amount of water absorption for 24 hours was measured in a test chamber at 20 ° C. The evaluation criteria are as shown in Table 3.

2-2. Bending strength test The following test was carried out at a material age of 7 days using a 4 x 4 x 16 cm specimen prepared in a test chamber at 20 ° C in accordance with JISA 1171. In the test, n = 3 and the average value was taken as the test value.
(1) Strength test The bending strength by JISR5201 was measured and the compressive strength was measured using the specimen after the bending test was completed.
(2) Bending toughness test The bending amount was fixed at 0.5 mm / min as shown in FIG. 1, and the primary displacement, secondary displacement and bending strength were measured as shown in FIGS. The primary displacement was the displacement from the start of the test to the maximum bending stress, and the secondary displacement was the displacement from the maximum bending stress to the maximum inflection point. Table 4 shows the evaluation of the bending strength test, Table 5 shows the evaluation items of the bending toughness test, and Table 6 shows the evaluation criteria of the bending strength test.

2-4. Measurement of Static Elastic Modulus The static elastic modulus of each sample φ10 × 20 cm prepared according to JISA 1171 was measured according to JIS 1149 at a material age of 7 days. The test was conducted with n = 3, and the average value was taken as the test value.

2-5. Length Change Test According to JISA 1171, the length change rate was measured after 7 days in a 20 ° C. test room.

2-6. Adhesion test (1) Test plate The surface of a 300 × 300 × 60 mm concrete plate was polished with a disk sander, washed with fresh water, and then dried in a 20 ° C. test chamber. Thereafter, 150 g / m ² of 5 times solution of Taiheiyo Material Co., Ltd. trade name Taiheiyo Tofcon E was applied and dried, and then used for the test.
(2) Preparation of adhesion test specimen Each sample was applied to a concrete flat plate of 300 x 300 x 60 mm with a gold trowel in a 20 ° C test room, and five 45 square mosaic tiles were pasted as shown in FIG. It was. After that, a cut was made around the tile until reaching the concrete flat plate, and dry curing was performed until the material age was 14 days in a test room at 20 ° C. and 60% RH.
(3) Adhesion test A cut reaching the concrete flat plate is made around the 45-square mosaic tile, a 45 x 45 mm steel attachment is attached with an epoxy resin adhesive, and the bond strength is evaluated by the Kenken-type adhesive strength tester. Is shown in Table 7.

<Confirmation of workability>
Evaluation test of tile sticking property Each sample was applied to a 450 × 900 × 60 mm concrete plate that had been coated with 150 g / m ² of a 5 times solution of Taiheiyo Tofucon E made by Taiheiyo Material Co., Ltd. The smearing and the items in Table 8 were confirmed.
The adhesion between the tile and each sample was confirmed by applying 45 tiles after applying each sample. Each sample was applied to a concrete plate and 45 double-clad tiles were pasted up to 40 minutes at 10 minute intervals. The work of peeling off was repeated after the tile and each sample were blended. The state of each sample remaining on the tile back surface and the concrete plate side was confirmed, and the adhesion was evaluated.

<Comprehensive evaluation>
Table 9 shows the comprehensive evaluation criteria in consideration of the physical property test results and the evaluation results of the tile sticking property.

  The obtained results are shown in Tables 10 to 13.

As is apparent from Tables 10 to 13, the elastic adhesive of the present invention does not break at a constant load in the bending strength test, but exhibits excellent bending toughness and has the obtained deformation followability. It can be seen that it is excellent in durability against repeated loading. Further, the tile sticking property (trowel workability and adhesion) is also good.
On the other hand, when the content of the lightweight aggregate and the ordinary fine aggregate is outside the scope of the present invention, when the fiber having a short fiber length is used, and when the content ratio is outside the scope of the present invention, Deformability followability and tile attachment were not sufficient.

Claims (3)

  (A) 100-mass Portland cement (B1) 1.0-9.5 parts by mass of lightweight fine aggregate, (B2) 76-91 parts by mass of fine aggregate other than lightweight fine aggregate, (C ) 0.27 to 0.45 parts by mass of fibers having a fiber length of 10 mm or more, (D) 1.54 to 6.03 parts by mass of polymer dispersion and / or re-emulsified powder resin in terms of solid content, and ( The mass ratio (C / B1) of C) fiber and (B1) lightweight fine aggregate is 0.04 to 0.31, and the mass ratio (C / D) of (C) fiber and (D) polymer solid content is 0. Elastic adhesive which is 05 to 0.20.   The elastic adhesive material according to claim 1, wherein the light-weight fine aggregate has a particle size of 2 mm or less.   The elastic adhesive according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising (E) a setting retarder.

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