JP2014011991A - Device for applying carbon dioxide gas to well grown part of cultivation crop and application control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbon dioxide gas application device and an application control method for applying an adequate volume of carbon dioxide gas to a well grown part of a cultivation crop at an arbitrary period of time in a solar greenhouse.SOLUTION: The carbon dioxide gas application device comprises a solenoid valve at downstream of a pressure regulator with a flowmeter connected to a carbon dioxide gas cylinder and a carbon dioxide gas storage tank. The solenoid valve is opened or closed within a period of time determined with a timer. The concentration of carbon dioxide gas is measured with a carbon dioxide gas densitometer. The carbon dioxide gas is applied under sequential control where the solenoid valve is opened when the carbon dioxide gas concentration is equal to or lower than a pre-determined lower limit of concentration and the solenoid valve is closed when the carbon dioxide gas concentration is equal to or higher than a pre-determined higher limit of concentration. An application position of the carbon dioxide gas to the cultivation crop is arranged at a position under the center part of a well grown part. A gas absorption port of the carbon dioxide gas densitometer is arranged at a position on the edge of the well grown part, a top position or a side position of the cultivation plant.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide gas application device and an application control method for applying carbon dioxide gas to an overgrown portion of a cultivated crop in a solar type house.

  In a solar-type house, carbon dioxide can be applied to the cultivated crops in the house by installing an air pipe near the plant and applying carbon dioxide from the air pipe or using fresh air. A method of applying carbon dioxide gas at a proper concentration and applying from the air supply pipe has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-51-100444

  However, the method of applying only carbon dioxide by the method of Patent Document 1 releases carbon dioxide from an air pipe installed on the ridge in the vicinity of the target cultivated crop, and rises while touching the pores on the back side of the cultivated crop. It is a method of absorbing a considerable amount of carbon dioxide gas into the leaves until it reaches the skylight, but it is a method of applying carbon dioxide gas without controlling the application amount of carbon dioxide gas, and a method of applying carbon dioxide gas throughout the house Although it is more efficient than that, there is a problem that if the amount of carbon dioxide applied is too large, the carbon dioxide flows out to a place where there is no leaf. In addition, the method of mixing with fresh air to obtain an appropriate concentration has a problem in that carbon dioxide gas flows out to a place where there is no leaf when the application amount is large, and is not an efficient method of applying carbon dioxide.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to apply an appropriate amount of carbon dioxide gas to an overgrown portion at an arbitrary time zone, and to suppress the outflow to a leafless portion as much as possible. And providing a control method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the carbon dioxide gas application device of the present invention has a solenoid valve installed after a pressure regulator with a flow meter connected to a carbon dioxide cylinder or a carbon dioxide storage tank, and the solenoid valve is operated at a time zone determined by a timer. When the carbon dioxide gas concentration falls below the set lower limit concentration, the solenoid valve is opened.When the carbon dioxide concentration falls below the set upper limit concentration, the solenoid valve is closed. The carbon dioxide gas is applied by performing a sequence control, and the position where the carbon dioxide gas is applied to the cultivated crop is the lower part of the center of the overgrowth part, and the gas suction port of the carbon dioxide concentration meter is the part where the overgrowth part is interrupted, The apex or lateral part of the cultivated plant is the representative part. For example, when strawberries are planted in two rows on a cultivation bed in isolated cultivation of strawberries, a carbon dioxide application tube is installed in the center of the cultivation bed, and a carbon dioxide concentration meter is installed at the end of the cultivation bed. Install a gas suction port. In dense planting and hydroponics of tomatoes, a carbon dioxide application tube is installed at the base of the cultivation bed, and a gas suction port of a carbon dioxide concentration meter is installed at the apex of the leaves of the tomato shelf.

  Sequencer and relay control when it is detected that the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas suction port of the carbon dioxide concentration meter installed in the place where the overgrown portion of the cultivated crop is interrupted falls below the set lower limit concentration within the time zone determined by the timer When the solenoid valve opens and carbon dioxide is applied, and it is detected that the amount of carbon dioxide exceeds the set upper limit concentration due to cloudy or rainy weather, the amount of carbon dioxide exceeds the set upper limit concentration due to absorption by photosynthesis. Close the valve. By repeating this opening and closing, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the overgrown portion of the cultivated crop in a predetermined time zone becomes a certain concentration range, and the outflow of carbon dioxide to the portion without leaves can be suppressed.

  In addition to the timer, it is possible to prevent the application of carbon dioxide when it is cloudy or rainy by preventing carbon dioxide from flowing when the illuminance is lower than that set by attaching an illuminometer to the sequencer or relay.

  According to the carbon dioxide supply device according to the present invention, an appropriate amount of carbon dioxide can be supplied to an overgrown portion of a cultivated crop at an arbitrary time period, and the outflow of carbon dioxide to a portion without leaves can be suppressed.

Carbon dioxide gas application device Changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the Shigeru area and in the house

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 1 shows a carbon dioxide gas application device for isolated soil cultivation of strawberries. Strawberries 2 are planted in two rows on a cultivation bed 1. An electromagnetic valve 8 controlled by a sequencer 7 with a timer connected to a carbon dioxide concentration meter 6 with a gas suction port 5 is connected after a pressure regulator 4 with a flow meter connected to the carbon dioxide gas cylinder 3. The carbon dioxide pipe 9 is connected to both ends of the carbon dioxide application tube 10, the carbon dioxide application tube 10 is installed at the center of the cultivation bed 1, and the gas suction port of the carbon dioxide concentration meter 6 is attached to the end of the cultivation bed 1. 5 is installed.

  When the carbon dioxide concentration meter 6 detects that the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas suction port 5 has become below the set lower limit concentration within the time period determined by the timer, the solenoid valve 8 is opened by the control of the timer-equipped sequencer 7 and carbon dioxide gas is generated. When the carbon dioxide gas concentration meter 6 detects that the amount of carbon dioxide gas has exceeded the set upper limit concentration due to cloudy or rainy weather, and the amount of carbon dioxide gas exceeds the set upper limit concentration due to cloudy or rainy weather, the solenoid valve is controlled by the timer-equipped sequencer 7 Close 8 By repeating this opening and closing, the carbon dioxide gas concentration in the prosperous part of the strawberry 2 in the predetermined time zone becomes a constant concentration range, and the outflow of carbon dioxide gas to the part without leaves can be suppressed.

  Although omitted in this carbon dioxide gas application device, in addition to the timer, by attaching an illuminometer to the sequencer 7, the carbon dioxide gas is prevented from flowing when it is lower than the illuminance set, so that carbon dioxide gas is not applied during cloudy or rainy weather. It can also be.

  Examples of application of carbon dioxide gas using the apparatus of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 1 illustrates a part of a cultivation bed in which a carbon dioxide application tube is installed inside a strawberry isolated soil cultivation house and a carbon dioxide application facility. The cultivation beds in the house have a length of 34 m, are installed in 34 rows in the house, and the carbon dioxide application tubes are installed in 4 rows. A pressure regulator with a flow meter was connected to a carbon dioxide gas cylinder having an internal capacity of 30 kg, the secondary pressure of the regulator was reduced to 0.15 MPa, the flow rate was set to 1 L / min, and carbon dioxide application tubes were installed in four rows. It is a test in a cold area in Nagano Prefecture in late March. The timer application time of the sequencer with timer is changed from 8 o'clock to 14 o'clock, the setting lower limit concentration of the carbon dioxide concentration meter is 1,500 ppm, and the setting upper limit concentration is 2 As a result of applying carbon dioxide gas at 100 ppm, the transition of the overgrown partial carbon dioxide gas concentration and the carbon dioxide gas concentration in the house as shown in FIG. In the morning, the concentration of carbon dioxide increases due to the breathing of strawberries and the propane gas combustion gas for heating enters the house, so the concentration of carbon dioxide is high, and the carbon dioxide concentration in the house is about 9:30 am Photosynthesis and skylight opening At about 10:30, the concentration is about 400 ppm, which is almost the same as outside air, but the concentration of carbon dioxide in the thickened area where the carbon dioxide application tube is installed is from 8:00 to 14:00 during application. Until then, the concentration was higher than the carbon dioxide concentration in the house. At 8 o'clock, the carbon dioxide concentration in the house was 1,000 ppm, and the average concentration of carbon dioxide in the overgrown portion was about 2,000 ppm, and it was confirmed that the solenoid valve was frequently opened and closed. After 10:30, the carbon dioxide gas concentration in the house was 400 ppm, while the average carbon dioxide concentration in the thickest part was 1,000 ppm, and the average carbon dioxide outflow from the skylight opening did not exceed 1,500 ppm. It was confirmed that it was applied efficiently to the overgrown area.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation bed 2 Strawberry 3 Carbon dioxide gas cylinder 4 Pressure regulator with flow meter 5 Gas suction port 6 Carbon dioxide concentration meter 7 Sequencer with timer 8 Solenoid valve 9 Carbon dioxide pipe 10 Carbon dioxide application tube

Claims (4)

  A solenoid valve is installed after a pressure regulator with a flow meter connected to a carbon dioxide cylinder or a carbon dioxide storage tank, and the solenoid valve is opened and closed at a time determined by a timer. When the measured carbon dioxide concentration falls below the set lower limit concentration, the solenoid valve is opened, and when it exceeds the set upper limit concentration, the control is performed to close the solenoid valve according to the sequence. The location where carbon dioxide is applied to the crop is the lower part of the center of the overgrowth part, and the gas suction port of the carbon dioxide concentration meter is the part where the overgrowth part is interrupted, the top part or the side part of the cultivated plant. A carbon dioxide gas application device characterized by that.   A solenoid valve is installed after a pressure regulator with a flow meter connected to a carbon dioxide cylinder or carbon dioxide storage tank, and the solenoid valve is opened and closed during the time period determined by the timer, and the illuminance set by the illuminance meter is exceeded. If the carbon dioxide concentration is lower than the set lower limit concentration when the carbon dioxide concentration is measured at the gas suction port connected to the carbon dioxide concentration meter, the solenoid valve is opened. If the concentration is higher than the concentration, carbon dioxide gas is applied by controlling the solenoid valve to be closed according to the sequence, and the carbon dioxide gas is applied to the cultivated crop at the lower part of the center of the overgrowth. A carbon dioxide gas application device, characterized in that the gas suction port of the meter is a portion where a prosperous portion is interrupted, a top portion or a lateral portion of a cultivated plant.   When it is detected that the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas suction port of the carbon dioxide concentration meter installed in the part where the overgrown part of the cultivated crop is interrupted at the time determined by the timer is below the set lower limit concentration, it is controlled by the sequencer and relay When the solenoid valve opens and carbon dioxide gas is applied from the lower part of the center of the thickened part, and it is detected that the concentration exceeds the set upper limit concentration, the solenoid valve is closed by control of the sequencer and relay to stop the application of carbon dioxide gas The cultivated crop according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide in the overgrown portion of the cultivated crop within a predetermined time zone is in a certain concentration range, and the outflow of carbon dioxide to the portion without leaves can be suppressed. Carbon dioxide application control method.   The carbon dioxide concentration at the gas suction port of the carbon dioxide concentration meter installed in the part where the overgrown portion of the cultivated crop is interrupted when the illuminance meter exceeds a certain illuminance at the time determined by the timer is the set lower limit concentration When it is detected that the following has been reached, the solenoid valve is opened by the control of the sequencer or relay, and carbon dioxide gas is applied from the lower part of the center of the overgrowth part, when it is lower than the set illuminance or above the set upper limit concentration When the flow rate is detected, the solenoid valve is closed by control of the sequencer or relay, and the application of carbon dioxide is stopped. The method for controlling the application of carbon dioxide to a cultivated crop according to claim 2, characterized in that the outflow of carbon dioxide to an unexposed portion can be suppressed.

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