JP2013506710A - Removable colored layer for artificial nail coating and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a nail coating system including a base coat, a colored layer, and a top coat. The system of the present disclosure can be applied to natural and / or existing artificial nail coatings. The present disclosure relates generally to natural and artificial nail coating compositions, and more particularly, but not exclusively, to polymerizable compositions and colored layers polymerized therefrom. The present disclosure further relates to a method of making a polymerized colored layer. According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one monomer, and / or oligomer, and / or polymer that polymerizes to a 3-D thermoset.

Description

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to nail coating compositions, and more particularly, but not limited to, polymerizable compositions and colored layers polymerized therefrom.

BACKGROUND The information provided below is not admitted to be prior art to the present invention, but is provided only to aid the reader's understanding.

  Artificial fingernail and toenail compositions in the form of nail coatings and nail extenders are well known and have become a major product line in the appearance and beauty industry. The appearance of fingernails (and often toenails) is important for many fashion conscious people. Commercially available artificial nail compositions are used to improve the appearance of natural nails and to improve the physical properties of natural nails, including strengthening the brittle nail surface.

  Conventional natural nail coatings can be divided into two categories: nail polish, also known as lacquer, varnish or enamel, and artificial nail, also known as gel or acrylic. Nail polish typically includes various solid components that are dissolved and / or suspended in a non-reactive solvent. When applied and dried, the solid deposits as a transparent, translucent, or colored film on the nail surface. Nail polish is typically easily scratched and can be easily removed using a solvent, usually within 1 minute, or chipped or peeled from natural nails in 1-5 days if not removed.

  Conventional artificial nails are composed of chemically reactive monomers and / or oligomers combined with reactive or non-reactive polymers to create systems that are typically 100% solids and do not require non-reactive solvents Is done. A chemical reaction occurs upon premixing and subsequent application to the nail plate, or application and exposure to UV radiation, to form a long-lasting, highly durable, cross-linked thermosetting nail coating that is difficult to remove. Artificial nails can have very high adhesion, durability, and scratch and solvent resistance compared to nail polish. However, due to their inherent properties, such thermosets are much more difficult to remove if the consumer wants to remove them. Removal typically requires soaking in a non-reactive solvent for 30-90 minutes (this is the case with acrylic and currently available “immersible gels” where conventional UV nail gels are It may take longer than 90 minutes to remove), and it may also typically be necessary to grind the surface of the artificial coating a lot or rub with a wooden or metal probe to aid the removal process .

  There remains a need for beauty products that have the increased adhesive properties of thermosetting materials and also have ease of removal that is closer to nail polish.

  The present disclosure includes a base coat adhesive layer (Application No. 12 / 555,571, filed September 8, 2009, currently pending), an intermediate decorative colored layer (Application No. 12 / 573,633), Forms part of a nail cover system including an application filed October 5, 2009, currently pending), and a protective topcoat (Application No. 12 / 573,640, filed October 5, 2009, now pending) To do. The contents of each application are incorporated into each other by reference for all purposes.

  Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following disclosure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Aspects of the present disclosure considered with reference to related disclosures include nail surfaces combined with solvent-induced “unzip”, “quick release” features that provide easy removal. A base coat characterized by a strong adhesion to is provided. Aspects of the present disclosure that are considered with reference to the relevant disclosure are characterized by a strong adhesion to the polymer surface combined with solvent-induced “thaw”, “quick release” features that provide easy removal. Provide a colored layer attached. A further aspect of the present disclosure, considered with reference to the related disclosure, is due to the strong adhesion to the polymer surface combined with solvent-induced “thaw”, “quick release” features that provide easy removal. Providing a protective topcoat that is characterized.

  One aspect of the present disclosure provides a nail coating comprising a 3-dimensional (3-D) thermoset lattice interpenetrated by a network comprising an organic solvent soluble resin. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the 3-D thermoset lattice provides improved adhesion, strength, and scratch resistance of conventional artificial nails. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an interconnect system of voids and an interpenetrating network of organic solvent soluble resin provides ease of removal using a solvent.

  According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one monomer, and / or oligomer, and / or polymer that polymerizes to a 3-D thermoset. According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides a liquid composition comprising at least one organic solvent soluble resin. According to one aspect, the organic solvent soluble resin forms a network of inclusions in the 3-D thermosetting lattice.

  According to one aspect, the present disclosure provides a viscous liquid composition comprising one or more addition polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

  In accordance with one aspect, the present disclosure provides monomers that provide a “thaw” property of the polymer lattice's ease of removal. According to one aspect, the monomer can be polypropylene glycol-4-monomethacrylate (PPG4 monomethacrylate). According to one aspect, suitable monomers may include any acrylated or methacrylated monomer of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polypropylene glycol (PPG) family. According to one aspect, the “thaw” monomer is present from about 0 to about 70 wt% (wt%).

  According to one aspect, the liquid composition comprises reactive monomers and / or oligomers and / or polymers that provide increased adhesion to the polymerized composition. According to one aspect, such reactive monomers and / or oligomers and / or polymers can be (meth) acrylates. As known to those skilled in the polymer arts, the term (meth) acrylate includes acrylate and / or methacrylate.

  According to one aspect, such reactive monomers and / or oligomers and / or polymers are hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA). ), Pyromellitic dianhydride di (meth) acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic acid dimethacrylate, methacryloyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / succinate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate / succinate It can be selected from the group consisting of adducts, monoethyl methacrylate phthalate, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEMA), and mixtures thereof. According to one aspect, such reactive monomers and / or oligomers and / or polymers can have acidic functional groups. According to one aspect, the monomer, oligomer or polymer that provides increased adhesion to the polymerized composition is present from about 0 to about 50 wt%.

  One aspect of the present disclosure provides a polymerizable liquid composition comprising a non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer. According to one aspect, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is a cellulose ester. According to a particular embodiment, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is a cellulose acetate alkylate. According to a more particular embodiment, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is cellulose acetate butyrate or cellulose acetate propionate. According to a further aspect, the component that provides ease of removal may be present from about 0.1 to about 75 wt%.

  According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the topcoat composition may comprise up to 10 wt% conventional pigments and / or dyes.

  One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of removal. According to one aspect, the thermosetting material polymerized from the composition of the present disclosure is imparted with increased sensitivity to organic solvents, particularly acetone. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, means are provided for distributing an organic solvent at the polymer / natural nail interface. According to one aspect, the delivery of a suitable solvent to the polymer / natural nail interface results in rapid destruction of the adhesive joint interface and greatly facilitates rapid and gentle removal from the natural nail. Occurs.

  Still other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which illustrates and describes the preferred embodiment of the invention merely by way of illustration of the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention. Become. As will be apparent, the invention is capable of other and different embodiments, and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the description is to be considered illustrative rather than limiting in nature.

(Brief description of the drawings)
Not applicable.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The nail coating generally consists of a material that is applied to the keratin nail surface. Prior art coatings can damage the nails by at least two mechanisms. First, proper adhesion of the enhancement to the natural nail may require polishing to roughen the nail surface. And second, removal of enhancement may require prolonged exposure to potentially damaging solvents and / or further polishing of the artificial nail surface.

  Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a nail coating that includes a three-dimensional (3-D) thermoset lattice interpenetrated by a network that includes an organic solvent soluble resin. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the 3-D thermoset lattice provides improved adhesion, strength, and scratch resistance of conventional artificial nails. According to one embodiment, a base coat is inserted between the natural nail surface and the present colored layer.

  The terms “nail” and “nail surface” mean a natural keratin nail surface, or a natural nail to which a preformed artificial nail or nail chip is attached. In other words, the polymerizable composition of the present invention can be applied directly to the surface of natural nail keratin or to a nail surface having a preformed artificial nail or nail chip enhancement immobilized on the nail surface.

  The present invention includes a polymerizable composition for applying to a nail and polymerizing thereon to produce an artificial nail structure. The polymerizable composition is preferably an anhydrous liquid and has a consistency from a semi-flowable gel to a free-flowing liquid at room temperature. Just prior to use, the polymerizable composition is applied to the nail surface and shaped by a nail technician. An artificial nail structure is obtained after polymerization.

  One embodiment of the liquid composition includes reactive monomers, and / or oligomers, and / or polymers that provide increased adhesion to the polymerized composition. In certain embodiments, such reactive monomers, and / or oligomers, and / or polymers can be (meth) acrylates. As known to those skilled in the polymer art, the term (meth) acrylate encompasses acrylates and / or methacrylates. According to one aspect, such reactive monomers and / or oligomers and / or polymers are hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), EMA, THFMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di (meta). ) Acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic acid dimethacrylate, methacryloyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / succinate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate / succinate adduct, monoethyl phthalate, aceto It may be selected from the group consisting of acetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEMA), and mixtures thereof. According to one aspect, such reactive monomers and / or oligomers and / or polymers can have acidic functional groups. According to one aspect, the monomer, oligomer or polymer that provides increased adhesion to the polymerized composition is present from about 0 to about 50 wt%.

  The ethylenically unsaturated reactant can be monofunctional, difunctional, trifunctional, or multifunctional with respect to the addition polymerizable ethylene linkage. A variety of ethylenically unsaturated reactants are suitable as long as the reactants can polymerize upon exposure to the appropriate stimulus to form a polymerized artificial nail structure. Suitable ethylenically unsaturated reactants are disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,818,207, incorporated herein by reference.

  Certain embodiments of the liquid composition include at least one monomer that imparts a “thaw” property by making the interface bond sensitive to organic solvents. According to one embodiment, the at least one monomer can be polypropylene glycol-4-monomethacrylate (PPG4 monomethacrylate). According to one aspect, suitable monomers may include any acrylated or methacrylated monomer of the PPG or polyethylene glycol (PEG) family. According to one aspect, the “thaw” monomer is present from about 0 to about 70 wt% (wt%).

  One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a polymerizable liquid composition comprising a methacrylate monomer that provides improved adhesion, viscosity, wear and durability. In certain embodiments, the methacrylate monomer is tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate. In other embodiments, some or all of the tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate contains other monomers such as ethyl methacrylate (EMA), HPMA, and pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, and similar (meth) acrylate monomers. It can be substituted with monomers including but not limited to. The methacrylate monomer can be present from about 0 to about 70 wt%.

  Certain embodiments of the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure can include a urethane (meth) acrylate resin that can provide flexibility and strength to the polymerized product. In some embodiments, urethane methacrylate is preferred. The urethane (meth) acrylate monomer can be present from about 0 to about 50 wt%. In certain embodiments, the urethane (meth) acrylate can have a molecular weight (grams / mole) from about 100 to about 20,000. In certain embodiments, the urethane (meth) acrylate can have a molecular weight of about 300 to about 15,000. In certain embodiments, the urethane (meth) acrylate can have a molecular weight of about 500 to about 13,000. In certain embodiments, the urethane (meth) acrylate can have a molecular weight of about 500 to about 6,000.

  In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the 3-D thermoset lattice is interpenetrated by a network of voids left by the evolution of the non-reactive solvent. During the curing process, regions of non-reactive organic solvent soluble resin are formed in the crosslinked polymer matrix. When it is desired to remove the nail cover, the polymer is exposed to a solvent that penetrates the network of voids into the region of the solvent-soluble resin. Due to the dissolution of the resin, the solvent can further penetrate into the thermosetting substance and into the base coat / colored layer interface.

  Certain embodiments of the polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure may include a non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer. According to one aspect, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is a cellulose ester. According to a particular embodiment, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is a cellulose acetate alkylate. According to a more particular embodiment, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is cellulose acetate butyrate or cellulose acetate propionate. The non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer can be any acceptable mixture of non-reactive solvent-soluble polymers. According to a further aspect, the non-reactive solvent soluble polymer may be present from about 0.1 to about 75 wt%.

  According to certain embodiments, the colored layer further comprises at least one rheology modifier. In certain embodiments, the rheology modifier is present at up to 10 wt%. In certain embodiments, a rheological agent may be present to provide thixotropic properties to the composition to assist in suspending the pigment particles. In certain embodiments, the rheological agent can be fumed silica. In certain embodiments, the rheological agent can be a polyamide.

  The composition of the present invention may comprise about 0.001 to 5% by weight of a plasticizer. The plasticizer improves the flexibility of the polymer nail structure and reduces the fragility. Suitable plasticizers can be esters, low volatility solvents, or nonionic materials such as nonionic organic surfactants or silicones.

Suitable esters include those having the general structure RCO-OR ', where RCO- represents a carboxylic acid group and -OR' is an alcohol residue. Preferably R and R ′ are aliphatic groups having 6 to 30 carbon atoms and can be saturated or unsaturated. Examples of suitable esters include C.I., which is incorporated herein by reference. T.A. F. A. It is described in pages 1558-1564 of Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Seventh Edition, 1997. In a preferred composition of the invention, the plasticizer is an ester of the formula RCO-OR ', wherein R and R' are each independently a linear or branched _C6-30 alkyl. A suitable plasticizer is isostearyl isononanoate. Other suitable plasticizers are disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,818,207, incorporated herein by reference.

  According to certain embodiments, the colored layer further comprises at least one UV stabilizer. In certain embodiments, the UV stabilizer is present at up to 2 wt%.

  The compositions of the present invention can include one or more UV absorbers that help reduce the yellowing often seen in artificial nails. UV absorbers have the ability to convert incident UV radiation into less damaging infrared (heat) or visible light. The recommended amount of UV absorber is 0.001-5% by weight of the total composition. Suitable UV absorbers include hydroxybenzotriazole compounds and benzophenone compounds such as those disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,818,207, incorporated herein by reference.

  It may be desirable to include one or more polymerization regulators. The polymerization modifier helps to prevent polymerization of the monomer composition from occurring too quickly. Hydroquinone and similar materials are suitable polymerization regulators. The suggested range of polymerization regulator is about 0.0001 to 5% by weight of the total composition. Suitable polymerization regulators are disclosed in US Pat. No. 6,818,207, incorporated herein by reference.

  Without being bound by theory, the inventor has facilitated the removal of the nail cover by facilitating the penetration of the solvent into the interior of the coating. Conventional polymerized nail coatings are weakened by surface polishing and subsequent prolonged exposure (30-90 minutes) to organic solvents. The solvent slowly penetrates the outer surface and edges of the thermosetting material, eventually expanding the coating. Swelling ultimately weakens the entire matrix structure and disrupts adhesion to the nail surface. Even weakly attached nail coatings may require polishing to improve solvent permeability and rapid removal. However, the slow rate at which the solvent diffuses through the thermosetting material limits the rate of expansion.

  The present invention provides 3-D thermosetting materials interpenetrated by a network of organic solvent soluble channels and inclusions. Upon exposure to an organic solvent, the cellulose ester or other non-reactive organic solvent soluble polymer is dissolved and leached from the coating. The result is a series of solvent accessible passages that extend throughout the thermoset. Under these conditions, the solvent can attack the interior of the thermoset without being limited to a slow diffusion rate.

  Certain embodiments of the polymerizable composition of the present disclosure may be a viscous gel or a liquid. Gel or liquid embodiments can be polymerized by exposure to radiant energy, such as thermal radiation, visible light, UV radiation, or electron beam radiation. Liquid or gel embodiments can be applied to the nails and shaped into the desired shape. The coated nail is exposed to radiant energy and polymerization occurs.

  The composition of the present invention may be polymerizable by actinic radiation. Actinic radiation can be visible light, ultraviolet radiation (UV), or electron beam radiation. UV radiation can typically be characterized by, but not limited to, a wavelength or group of wavelengths from about 320 to about 420 nanometers.

  After the liquid composition is applied to the surface, particularly the base coat surface, the liquid is cured. The liquid composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated (meth) acrylate that can be cured by a UV-initiated free radical polymerization method. Those skilled in the polymerization arts can readily determine suitable photoinitiators for use in the present invention. Listed below are non-limiting representative photoinitiators suitable for the purposes of the present invention.

  A non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenyl phosphorous derivative. A suitable derivative is ethyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate, which is available under the trade name Lucirin® TPO-L (BASF Aktiengesellschaft) Ludwigshafen, DE. Another non-limiting suitable derivative is 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, available under the trade name Lucerin® (BASF) or as Genocure® TPO (Rahn) . 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate photoinitiator may be present from about 0% to about 20 wt%.

  A non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, available under the trade name of Igacure® 184, and may be present from about 0 to about 20 wt%.

  A non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is benzyl dimethyl ketal (BDK), available under the commercial name of FIRSTCURE® BDK (Albemarle, Baton Rouge, LA, US), present from about 0 to about 20 wt% Yes.

  Certain embodiments of the colored layer of the present disclosure may include up to 10 wt% pigments and / or dyes. Related basecoat and topcoat disclosure embodiments may have up to 1 wt% pigments and / or dyes. High concentrations of pigments and / or dyes can absorb UV radiation. Thus, to compensate for this, certain embodiments of the present disclosure may include higher concentrations of photoinitiators up to 20 wt%.

  Conventional thermosetting nail coatings contain 100% solids and no non-reactive solvent. The polymerizable liquid composition of the present disclosure further comprises at least one non-reactive solvent. Suitable non-reactive solvents become readily volatile at room temperature and are good solvents for the remaining components. Upon application, the non-reactive solvent immediately evaporates, leaving a region with increased porosity. These porous regions later facilitate the penetration of the remover solvent, which can be acetone.

  Suitable non-reactive solvents include, but are not limited to, ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof. A suitable non-reactive solvent may be selected from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof. A particularly suitable non-reactive solvent is acetone. Typically, the non-reactive solvent or mixture of non-reactive solvents comprises up to about 70% by weight.

  Certain embodiments of the formulation may optionally include (meth) acrylate monomers and / or polymers to fine tune adhesion and removal properties. Non-limiting examples of such (meth) acrylates include mono- or poly (meth) acrylate, HPMA, HEMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di (meth) acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic acid Dimethacrylate, methacryloyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / succinate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate / succinate adduct, phthalate monoethyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, Isobutyl methacrylate, PEG-4 dimethacrylate, PPG monomethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, isopropylidene diphenyl bisglycidyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, urethane methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEMA), and mixtures thereof are included.

  Certain embodiments of the formulation may optionally include a resin such as but not limited to polyvinyl butyral and / or tosylamide formaldehyde resin. Such resins can also act as film formers, adhesion promoters, and removal aids. These resins can also be recognized as solvent-soluble resins that can be extracted to create channels for solvent absorption and migration.

  Certain embodiments of the formulation may optionally include a plasticizer, such as but not limited to diisobutyl adipate. The plasticizer acts to minimize the impact of the later formed polymer's vulnerability after exposure to UV sunlight and air. It is also observed that the plasticizer reduces the removal time slightly. The plasticizer may be present from 0 to about 25 wt%. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the polymer arts that inclusion of plasticizers above certain limits is undesirable because it can compromise the integrity and durability of the coating.

  The unpolymerized colored layer can have a liquid or gel consistency. An unpolymerized colored layer can be applied to the surface of the polymerized base coat. In one embodiment, the polymerized basecoat can be an embodiment of a co-pending application (Attorney Docket No. 0175535-0376694). A polymerized base coat can be applied to the nail surface and contacted with the colored layer. The nail surface-basecoat-colored layer system can be exposed to UV radiation. The base coat and the colored layer are polymerized so that the colored layer can be adhered to the nail surface.

  In one embodiment, the colored layer can be removed from the natural nail surface without polishing the artificial nail surface.

  Compared to conventional nail coatings, the present disclosure relates to the great advantage of allowing a durable colored layer to adhere to natural nails for more than two weeks without breaking the coating. In contrast to conventional coatings, the present disclosure relates to UV gel systems that do not damage natural nails. The application process does not require natural nail polishing. And the removal process only requires the use of a light touch with a wooden stick at most. Furthermore, compared to conventional systems, the present disclosure relates to a more rapidly removable nail coating system that achieves removal within 20 seconds of the basecoat alone to 20 minutes of the entire system.

  The polymerization base coat of the present invention can adhere to the keratin nail surface by hydrogen bonding. The base coat and the colored layer can be removed from the nail surface with an organic solvent. Non-limiting solvents include acetone, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, and mixtures thereof.

Example 1 Chemical Resistance Test To compare chemical resistance, a top coat formulation according to the present disclosure was compared to a commercial nail polish top coat formulation and a commercial enhancement type top coat formulation. A conventional MEK reciprocating friction test was used except that acetone was used instead of methyl ethyl ketone. Thin films of each formulation were prepared on glass microscope slides. Each membrane was formed to a wet thickness of 5 mils. Commercial enhancement type formulations and formulations of the present disclosure were cured by UV light exposure using a Brisa ™ lamp. A very thin, unpolymerized tacky surface layer was wiped dry with 99 wt% isopropanol. The nail polish formulation did not cure but dried under ambient conditions. All specimens were allowed to elapse for 24 hours under ambient lighting and temperature conditions. After time, each sample was individually rubbed with a cotton pad soaked in 99 wt% acetone. The nail polish formulation was completely removed with two rubs. The formulation of the present invention was dull with two rubs, but maintained integrity for at least 150 rubs. The enhancement formulation maintained shine and integrity for at least 200 rubs.

Example 2: Pencil Hardness Test To test the scratch resistance, the lowest “H” number of the pencil in which the test sample prepared as in Example 1 was recessed was recorded. The lowest “H” number of the pencil that can break the test membrane was also recorded. The nail polish formulations were dented and torn with 3H and 4H pencils, respectively. The formulations of this disclosure were dented and torn by 3H and 6H pencils, respectively. The enhancement formulation was dented with a 4H pencil, and even the hardest pencil (6H) did not break. This test indicated that the present disclosure has significantly better scratch resistance than the nail polish formulation.

(Industrial utility)
The present invention has industrial applicability in providing compositions and methods for improving the adhesion of nail coatings to natural nails without the need for natural nail polishing. The present invention further provides a means for removing the nail coating without the need for long removal times by polishing or immersing the surface of the natural nail.

Claims (42)

At least one polymerizable compound;
At least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer;
At least one non-reactive solvent;
A polymerizable composition comprising: wherein upon exposure to a polymerization accelerator, the polymerizable composition cures to an acrylic thermosetting material having voids defined therein.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one polymerizable compound is (meth) acrylate.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one urethane (meth) acrylate.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, and mixtures thereof.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein the polymerization accelerator is selected from the group consisting of heat conduction and / or heat radiation, visible light, UV radiation, electron beam radiation, amines, peroxides, and combinations thereof.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is a cellulose ester.   The polymerizable composition according to claim 2, wherein the cellulose ester is a cellulose acetate alkylate.   4. The polymerizable composition of claim 3, wherein the cellulose acetate alkylate is selected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, and mixtures thereof.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer is present from about 5 to about 70 wt%.   6. The polymerizable composition of claim 5, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is present from about 10 to about 60 wt%.   6. The polymerizable composition of claim 5, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent soluble polymer is present from about 20 to about 50 wt%.   The (meth) acrylate is hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, THFMA, pyromellitic dianhydride di (meth) acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacryloyloxyethyl maleate The polymerization of claim 2 selected from the group consisting of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate / succinate, 1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate / succinate adduct, monoethyl methacrylate phthalate, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof. Possible composition.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1 further comprising an adhesion promoting (meth) acrylate.   The polymerizable composition of claim 13, wherein the adhesion promoting (meth) acrylate is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, and mixtures thereof. object.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, further comprising glyceryl dimethacrylate pyromellitic acid.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one colorant.   The polymerizable composition of claim 16, wherein the at least one colorant is present up to about 10 wt%.   The polymerizable composition of claim 16, wherein the at least one colorant is selected from the group consisting of pigments and dyes.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one rheological agent.   The polymerizable composition of claim 19, wherein the at least one rheological agent is fumed silica.   21. The polymerizable composition of claim 20, wherein the fumed silica surface is modified with polydimethylsiloxane.   20. The polymerizable composition of claim 19, wherein the at least one rheological agent is a polyamide.   20. The polymerizable composition of claim 19, wherein the at least one rheological agent is present up to about 10 wt%.   4. The polymerizable composition of claim 3, wherein the at least one at least one urethane (meth) acrylate has a molecular weight (gram / mole) of about 100 to about 20,000.   25. The polymerizable composition of claim 24, wherein the at least one at least one urethane (meth) acrylate has a molecular weight of about 200 to about 10,000.   26. The polymerizable composition of claim 25, wherein the at least one at least one urethane (meth) acrylate has a molecular weight of about 300 to about 5,000.   27. The polymerizable composition of claim 26, wherein the at least one at least one urethane (meth) acrylate has a molecular weight of about 300 to about 1,000.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent is selected from the group consisting of ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof.   30. The polymerizable composition of claim 28, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof. .   30. The polymerizable composition of claim 29, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent is acetone.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one non-reactive solvent comprises up to about 70% by weight.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one photoinitiator.   33. The polymerizable composition of claim 32, wherein the at least one photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoylphenyl phosphinate, cyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzyl ketal, and mixtures thereof.   34. The polymerizable composition of claim 33, wherein the at least one photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenyl phosphinate, hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzyl dimethyl ketal, and mixtures thereof. object.   35. The polymerizable composition of claim 32, wherein the at least one photoinitiator is present up to about 20 wt%.   The polymerizable composition of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the void comprises the at least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer.   An acrylic thermosetting material having a plurality of voids defined therein, wherein at least a portion of the voids includes at least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer.   Acrylic thermosetting material having a plurality of voids defined therein, wherein at least a portion of the void is formed around at least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer. .   An acrylic thermosetting material having a plurality of thermoplastic inclusions defined therein. 40. A polymerized thermosetting material having a plurality of thermoplastic inclusions according to claim 39, wherein the acrylic thermosetting material comprises:
At least one polymerizable compound;
At least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer;
A polymerized thermosetting material which is a reaction product of a polymerizable composition comprising at least one non-reactive solvent.   41. The polymerized thermosetting material of claim 40, wherein the thermoplastic inclusion comprises the at least one non-reactive solvent soluble polymer. A method of making a polymerized thermosetting material having a plurality of thermoplastic inclusions defined therein,
Providing a polymerizable liquid composition;
Exposing the polymerizable liquid composition to a polymerization accelerator;
And the polymerizable liquid composition comprises
At least one polymerizable compound;
At least one non-reactive solvent-soluble polymer;
At least one non-reactive solvent;
Including a method.