JP2013169548A - Bending device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bending device capable of suppressing fluctuation of a bending amount of a metal sheet.SOLUTION: A bending device 100 is provide with: a processing plinth 10 having an installation face where a flat plate-like metal sheet is installed in parallel with a horizontal face and the installation face is partially displaceable downward by local road, and a linear heating part that applies linear heating processing to the metal sheet installed at the installation face from the above. The processing plinth 10 is configured to arrange a plurality of support units 20 having a support face 24 that is displaceable downward by load from the above in a horizontal two-dimensional direction.

Description

  The present invention relates to a bending apparatus for bending a metal plate three-dimensionally by subjecting the metal plate to linear heating.

For example, bending of a steel plate for shipbuilding at a shipyard or a metal plate used for an inner liner of a reactor containment vessel is performed by linear heating (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
In this bending process by linear heating, the surface of a flat metal plate is linearly heated by a laser or the like from above, and the metal plate is contracted by the plastic strain generated thereby. Then, the metal plate is bent so as to be bent starting from the heating location, and the both side portions of the heating location are displaced so as to rise toward the surface side, that is, upward. Thus, in the bending process, an intended three-dimensional curved surface shape is created.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-76947 JP 2009-12058 A

By the way, in the bending process by the said conventional linear heating, there existed a problem that dispersion | variation produced in the amount of bending processes by the influence of the weight of a metal plate.
That is, as shown in FIG. 9, when the both side portions of the heating location are displaced so as to float upward, a bending moment due to their own weight acts on both side portions of the heating location with the heating location as a fulcrum. The direction of this bending moment is opposite to the bending direction of the metal plate by linear heating, that is, downward. Therefore, when the displacement of both sides of the metal plate is canceled out by the bending moment, the amount of bending of the metal plate that is initially expected cannot be obtained, and the predicted shape and the actual shape of the metal plate are different. It becomes.

As a result, when a variation occurs in the amount of bending, a separate operation is required to match the final amount of bending, leading to an increase in cost due to an increase in the number of processing steps.
Further, the variation in the bending amount becomes more remarkable as the metal plate has a larger bending moment. On the other hand, in the case of bending by a skilled engineer, it is possible to suppress the variation in the bending amount depending on the skill level, but when the bending is automated, the variation in the bending amount Cannot be avoided.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, Comprising: It aims at providing the bending apparatus which can suppress the dispersion | variation in the bending amount of a metal plate.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following means.
That is, the bending apparatus according to the present invention has an installation surface on which a flat metal plate is installed parallel to a horizontal plane, and the installation surface can be partially displaced downward by a local load; A linear heating unit that performs linear heating processing from above on the metal plate installed on the installation surface;
And.

  When a linear heating process is performed on the metal plate by the linear heating unit, the metal plate bends starting from a heating location by the linear heating process. As a result, a local load acts on the installation surface on which the metal plate is installed from the heating location, and the location where the local load acts on the installation surface is partially displaced downward. As a result, the metal plate is displaced so as to sink from the original installation surface, so that only a part of the metal plate can be prevented from floating from the installation surface. Therefore, it can suppress that the bending moment by self-weight acts on the both sides of the heating location in a metal plate.

  Further, in the bending apparatus according to the present invention, the processing base is formed by arranging a plurality of support units having a support surface that can be displaced downward by a load from above in a two-dimensional horizontal direction. The installation surface is preferably formed by the support surface.

  As a result, when a linear heating process is performed on the metal plate, a local load acts on the installation surface from the heating location, so that the support surface of the support unit corresponding to the heating location is displaced downward. That is, since the installation surface can be partially displaced downward by a local load, the metal plate is displaced so as to sink from the original installation surface as described above. Therefore, it can be avoided that only a part of the metal plate is lifted from the installation surface. Thereby, it can suppress reliably that a bending moment acts on a metal plate.

  Furthermore, in the bending apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the support unit includes a biasing member that biases upward against the load.

  Thereby, it can be avoided that the support surface of the support unit is excessively displaced by the local load. Therefore, even after the metal plate is bent by the linear heating process, the metal plate can be reliably supported by the plurality of support units. This makes it possible to reliably support the metal plate so that the entire installation surface follows the bending of the metal plate.

  Moreover, the bending apparatus which concerns on this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said support unit has a rod-shaped member extended in an up-down direction and the upper surface is used as the said support surface.

  Thus, the metal plate can be reliably supported by the support unit.

  Furthermore, in the bending apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the support unit has a guide portion that guides the rod-shaped member in the vertical direction.

  As a result, the rod-shaped member can be reliably guided in the vertical direction, so that it can be reliably displaced downward when a load is applied. In addition, it is possible to avoid buckling of the rod-shaped member due to a load acting on the rod-shaped member in a direction shifted from the vertical direction.

  According to the bending apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the bending moment due to its own weight from acting on both sides of the heated portion of the metal plate, and thus it is possible to suppress variation in the amount of bending due to the weight of the metal plate.

It is a perspective view of the bending apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the support unit in the bending apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bending apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state which has given the linear heating process to the metal plate. (A) is a perspective view which shows the state which is performing the linear heating process with respect to a metal plate, (b) is a perspective view which shows the state of the metal plate after a linear heating process. It is a figure explaining the mechanism in which a metal plate bends by linear heating processing. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bending apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, Comprising: It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the metal plate bent by the linear heating process. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bending apparatus which concerns on the 1st modification of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the bending apparatus which concerns on the 2nd modification of this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which gave the linear heat processing to the metal plate conventionally, and was bent.

Hereinafter, a bending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
The bending apparatus 100 performs bending on a metal plate 200 by linear heating on a flat metal plate 200. As shown in FIG. 1, a processing base on which the metal plate 200 is installed. 10 and a linear heating unit 30 that performs linear heating processing on the metal plate 200 on the processing base 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, the processing base 10 has an installation surface 11 on which the metal plate 200 is installed in parallel to a horizontal plane, and the installation surface 11 can be partially displaced downward by a local load. It is said that.
The processing base 10 of the present embodiment is configured by arranging a plurality of support units 20 in a horizontal two-dimensional direction, and an installation surface 11 as the processing base 10 is formed by the support surfaces 24 of these support units 20. ing.

As shown in FIG. 2, the support unit 20 includes a guide part 21 installed on the floor surface 300, a biasing member 22 installed in the guide part 21, and a rod-like member connected to the biasing member 22. 23.
The guide portion 21 has a tubular shape (cylindrical shape in the present embodiment) centered on an axis extending in the vertical direction, and the lower end thereof is fixed to the floor surface 300 and the upper end opening portion faces upward. Is installed.

  The urging member 22 is provided so as to be accommodated inside the guide portion 21. In the present embodiment, a coil spring extending in the axial direction, that is, the vertical direction is employed as the urging member 22. The urging member 22 may be another member such as an elastic rubber or a leaf spring as long as it can be urged upward when a load is applied downward. The lower end of the biasing member 22 is fixed to the floor surface 300, and the upper end is disposed so as to face upward from the upper end opening of the guide portion 21. As a result, the urging member 22 is configured to be able to expand and contract in the vertical direction. When a load is applied from above to below, the urging member 22 is directed downward while being contracted downward. Create a biasing force.

  The rod-shaped member 23 has a rod shape extending in the vertical direction, and the lower end thereof is integrally connected to the upper end of the biasing member 22. Further, the rod-like member 23 has an outer diameter that can be inserted into the guide portion 21 from the upper side to the lower side. Accordingly, a part of the rod-shaped member 23 is accommodated inside the guide portion 21 according to the contraction amount of the biasing member 22 due to the weight of the rod-shaped member 23. Further, when a downward load is applied to the rod-shaped member 23, the biasing member 22 further contracts, so that the rod-shaped member 23 is displaced downward so as to be guided by the guide portion 21. To do. In addition, the upper surface of such a rod-shaped member 23 is a support surface 24 of the support unit 20 that supports the metal plate 200 from below.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a large number of such support units 20 are arranged in two horizontal directions, that is, in a horizontal two-dimensional direction, with a space therebetween in the horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, the plurality of support units 20 are arranged in two horizontal directions orthogonal to each other, that is, arranged in a lattice pattern. The arrangement structure of the support units 20 may be not only a lattice shape but also a staggered lattice shape, and may be any structure as long as they are arranged in a horizontal two-dimensional direction.

  In the support units 20 arranged in this manner, the support surfaces 24 of the respective support units 20 are located on the same horizontal plane when no load is applied to the support units 20 from above. As a result, the installation surface 11 as the entire processing base 10 is formed by the support surfaces 24 of the plurality of support units 20.

  In the present embodiment, the linear heating unit 30 is configured to perform heating by irradiating the metal plate 200 with the laser beam H. The laser head 31 and a moving mechanism 32 that drives the laser head 31; And a control device 33 that controls the moving mechanism 32.

  The laser head 31 irradiates the metal plate 200 with the laser beam H for linear heating, and is installed so as to be able to irradiate the laser beam H downward above the processing base 10. When the metal plate 200 receives the energy of the laser beam H emitted from the laser head 31, only the irradiated portion of the laser beam H is locally heated.

  The moving mechanism 32 is configured to arbitrarily move the laser head 31 in the horizontal direction. For example, by combining a ball screw mechanism that linearly moves the laser head 31 in the horizontal direction, the moving head 32 moves the laser head 31 along the horizontal direction. It is configured to be movable in the direction and the Y direction. By driving the moving mechanism 32 as described above, the laser head 31 is moved in the horizontal direction while the metal plate 200 is irradiated with the laser beam H from above. As a result, a linear heating process can be performed on the metal plate 200. In addition, as long as the surface of the metal plate 200 can be heated locally, the structure heated with other than the laser beam H may be sufficient.

  The control device 33 controls the driving of the moving mechanism 32, and drives the moving mechanism 32 so as to draw a predetermined programmed locus, for example. The laser head 31 scans the metal plate 200 in accordance with the driving of the moving mechanism 32 like this, and performs a linear heating process on the metal plate 200.

Next, bending of the metal plate 200 by the bending apparatus 100 having the above configuration will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, the metal plate 200 is installed on the installation surface 11 of the processing base 10. That is, the metal plate 200 is installed on the installation surface 11 so as to extend in the horizontal direction. As a result, loads are equally applied from the metal plate 200 to the support surface 24 of each support unit 20, and the support bar is displaced downward as the biasing member 22 contracts. As a result, each support surface 24 of the support unit 20, that is, the installation surface 11 of the processing base 10 is displaced downward before the metal plate 200 is installed.

  Subsequently, the surface of the metal plate 200 is linearly heated by the linear heating unit 30. That is, in a state where the laser beam H is irradiated from the laser head 31 of the linear heating unit 30 onto the surface of the metal plate 200, the moving mechanism 32 is driven by the control device 33 to scan the laser head 31 in the horizontal direction. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4A, the laser head 31 scans the metal plate 200 so as to draw a trajectory programmed in advance by the control device 33, and laser light is applied to the surface of the metal plate 200 according to the scanning path. Linear heating by H is performed.

  When the metal plate 200 is heated from the surface in this way, as shown in FIG. 5A, the heated portion A of the metal plate 200 tends to locally expand. At this time, since the proof stress of the heating location A is smaller than that of the surrounding area, the compression yielding is caused by the action of the compressive force from the surrounding of the heating location A as shown in FIG. Thereby, when the heating location A returns to the original temperature, the volume is reduced by the amount of compression yield. Thus, the heating location A contracts from the beginning, whereby the surface side of the metal plate 200 is pulled toward the heating location A. As a result, the entire metal plate 200 starts from the heating location toward the surface side, that is, It will be in the state bent toward the upper part.

  Then, by applying such linear heating to the entire metal plate 200, the metal plate 200 is bent starting from the linear heating location, and finally, a three-dimensional curved surface as shown in FIG. 4B. The metal plate 200 having a shape can be obtained.

  Here, as described above, when the metal plate 200 is bent starting from the heating location, a local load is applied from the heating location to the installation surface 11 on which the metal plate 200 is installed. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 6, the support surface 24 of the support unit 20 corresponding to the said heating location is displaced toward the downward direction. That is, the installation surface 11 is partially displaced downward by the local load.

  When the support surface 24 of the specific support unit 20 is displaced downward in this way, the load from the metal plate 200 on the support units 20 around the support unit 20 also changes, and the support surfaces 24 of the support units 20 around these support units 20 change. Is also displaced downward. Accordingly, the shape of the entire installation surface 11 of the processing base 10 is deformed according to the bent shape of the metal plate 200, so that the metal plate 200 is displaced downward so as to sink from the original installation surface 11.

Thereby, when the metal plate 200 is bent by the linear heating process, only a part of the metal plate 200 does not float from the installation surface 11.
Here, when only a part of the metal plate 200, in particular, only the end portion is lifted from the installation surface 11, a downward bending moment due to the weight of the metal plate 200 acts on the lifted portion. The shape cannot be obtained, and the bending shape of the metal plate 200 varies.

In contrast, in the present embodiment, as described above, the entire metal plate 200 is displaced so as to sink into the installation surface 11, so that the metal plate 200 does not float up. It is possible to reliably suppress the bending moment from acting.
Therefore, since it is possible to obtain the bending amount of the metal plate 200 as much as initially estimated, it is possible to avoid the predicted shape of the metal plate 200 from being greatly different from the actual shape, and variation in the bending amount. Can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, since the support unit 20 includes the biasing member 22 that biases upward against the load of the metal plate 200, the support unit 20 is supported by the local load from the metal plate 200. It can be avoided that the surface 24 is excessively displaced. Therefore, even after the metal plate 200 is bent by the linear heating process, the metal plate 200 can be reliably supported by the plurality of support units 20, so that the entire installation surface 11 follows the bending of the metal plate 200. Thus, the metal plate 200 can be reliably supported.

  Furthermore, since the support unit 20 has the rod-like member 23 whose upper surface is the support surface 24, the installation surface 11 is formed by the support surfaces 24 of the plurality of support units 20, thereby securely securing the metal plate 200. Can be supported.

  Further, since the rod-shaped member 23 is guided in the vertical direction by the guide portion 21, it can be surely displaced downward when a load is applied to the rod-shaped member 23. Furthermore, it is possible to avoid buckling of the rod-shaped member 23 due to a load acting on the rod-shaped member 23 in a direction shifted from the vertical direction.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the technical idea of the present invention.
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, as the bending apparatus 101 of the first modification, the support unit 20 may be configured only by a coil spring as the biasing member 22. In this case, the upper end of the urging member 22 is the support surface 24, and the support surface 24 forms the installation surface 11 of the processing base 10. Also by this, since the installation surface 11 is configured to be partially displaceable downward by a local load as in the embodiment, it is possible to avoid a bending moment from acting on the metal plate 200 due to its own weight.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, as the bending apparatus 102 of the second modified example, the processing base 10 has a bag-like member 12, and the upper surface is an installation surface 11. A configuration in which a fluid F such as a liquid or a gel body is sealed may be used. Also in this case, when the metal plate 200 is bent starting from the heating location, a local load acts on the installation surface 11 from the heating location, and the installation surface 11 is partially displaced downward. Therefore, since the metal plate 200 is displaced so as to sink into the installation surface 11 as in the embodiment, it is possible to avoid a part of the metal plate 200 being lifted. Thereby, it can suppress that the bending moment by a dead weight acts on the metal plate 200. FIG.

  In addition, what seals inside the bag-shaped member 12 may be a fixed material such as a granule in addition to a fluid, that is, the installation surface 11 of the processing base 10 by a local load from the metal plate 200. However, it is only necessary to be partially deformable downward.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Processing base 11 Installation surface 12 Bag-shaped member 20 Support unit 21 Guide part 22 Energizing member 23 Bar-shaped member 24 Support surface 30 Linear heating part 31 Laser head 32 Moving mechanism 33 Control apparatus 100 Bending apparatus 101 Bending apparatus 102 Bending Processing device 200 Metal plate 300 Floor H Laser light F Fluid

Claims (5)

A processing base that has an installation surface on which a flat metal plate is installed parallel to a horizontal plane, and the installation surface can be partially displaced downward by a local load;
A linear heating unit that performs linear heating processing from above on the metal plate installed on the installation surface;
A bending apparatus comprising: The processing base is formed by arranging a plurality of support units in a horizontal two-dimensional direction having a support surface that can be displaced downward by a load from above,
The bending apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the installation surface is formed by the support surfaces of the plurality of support units. The support unit is
The bending apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising an urging member that urges upward against the load. The support unit is
The bending apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a rod-like member extending in a vertical direction and having an upper surface serving as the support surface. The support unit is
The bending apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a guide portion that guides the rod-shaped member in the vertical direction.

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