JP2013084590A - Laminated alkali metal battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alkali metal battery having excellent cycle characteristics.SOLUTION: The laminated alkali metal battery of the present invention comprises a metal layer-including outer jacket containing a battery element which includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution obtained by dissolving an electrolyte in a nonaqueous solvent. The electrolyte contains an imide-based alkali metal salt represented by MN(RSO)(RSO), where M represents an alkali metal ion, and Rand Rindependently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 fluoroalkyl group; and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine. The contact surface of the metal layer-including outer jacket with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is laminated with a resin.

Description

  The present invention relates to a laminated alkaline metal battery in which a battery element including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte is housed in a metal layer-containing exterior material.

  In recent years, alkali metal batteries, particularly lithium ion batteries, have a high energy density, so that they are used as power supplies for mobile communication devices, power supplies for portable information terminals, and the like, and the market is rapidly growing with the spread of terminals.

  As the non-aqueous electrolyte used in the alkali metal battery, a solution obtained by dissolving an electrolyte containing lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide and another lithium salt containing fluorine in a non-aqueous solvent made of lactone is used. (Patent Document 1). By using this non-aqueous electrolyte, it is possible to minimize the swelling of the battery at a high temperature or during storage, and to provide a stable battery.

In addition, non-aqueous electrolytes using LiC (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₃ , LiN (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ or LiCF ₃ SO _{3 in combination} with LiPF ₆ , LiBF ₄ , LiClO ₄ or LiAsF ₆ were also used ( Patent Document 2). As an effect of using this non-aqueous electrolyte, it is described that the cycle characteristics and storage stability of the battery are greatly improved as compared with the case where each electrolyte is used alone.

  However, neither of Patent Documents 1 and 2 describes anything about improving the cycle characteristics of the battery by making the battery exterior material that houses the electrode, the non-aqueous electrolyte, and the like into a specific configuration.

JP 2004-165151 A JP-A-8-335465

  There has been no prior art aiming at improving the cycle characteristics of an alkali metal battery by combining a battery exterior material having a specific configuration and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution having a specific composition.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an alkali metal battery having good cycle characteristics in consideration of the above-described conventional technology.

  The present inventors have found that the cycle characteristics of an alkali metal battery are greatly improved by combining a battery exterior material having a specific configuration and a non-aqueous electrolyte having a specific composition, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention that has been able to solve the above problems is a laminated alkali metal in which a battery element comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte in which an electrolyte is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent is contained in a metal layer-containing exterior material. The battery is an imide-based alkali metal salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ) (wherein M represents an alkali metal ion, and R ¹ and R ² are independent of each other). Represents a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine, and the metal layer-containing exterior material is in contact with a non-aqueous electrolyte. The resin is laminated on the surface.

  The other alkali metal salt containing fluorine is preferably 5 mol% or more based on the total amount of the imide-based alkali metal salt and the other alkali metal salt containing fluorine.

The imide alkali metal salt is preferably a bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide alkali metal salt. Other alkali metal salts containing fluorine include M′PF _a (C _m F _{2m + 1} ) _6−a (0 ≦ a ≦ 6, 1 ≦ m ≦ 2), M′BF _b (C _n F _{2n + 1} ) _At least one selected from the group consisting of _4-b (0 ≦ b ≦ 4, 1 ≦ n ≦ 2) and M′AsF ₆ (wherein M ′ represents an alkali metal ion) is preferable.

  Further, the alkali metal salt is preferably a lithium salt, a sodium salt or a potassium salt.

  The laminated alkali metal battery according to the present invention is preferably a secondary battery, and more preferably a lithium ion secondary battery. In particular, a laminated alkaline metal battery having a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material containing a lithium-containing transition metal oxide is preferable.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an alkali metal battery having significantly improved cycle characteristics.

An alkali metal battery according to the present invention is a laminate type alkaline metal battery in which a battery element comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte in which an electrolyte is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent is housed in a metal layer-containing exterior material, The electrolyte is an imide alkali metal salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ) (wherein M represents an alkali metal ion, and R ¹ and R ² are independently a fluorine atom or a carbon atom) And a different alkali metal salt containing fluorine, and the metal layer-containing exterior material is formed by laminating a resin on the surface in contact with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution. It is characterized by that.

  The alkali metal battery referred to in the present invention means a primary battery and a secondary battery using an alkali metal as a negative electrode, and a primary battery and a secondary battery of an alkali metal ion battery in which alkali metal ions are removed and inserted into the negative electrode and the positive electrode. .

  First, the non-aqueous electrolyte used in the present invention will be described.

  The non-aqueous electrolyte used in the present invention is obtained by dissolving an electrolyte in a non-aqueous solvent.

<Electrolyte>
The electrolyte used for the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention is an imide-based alkali metal salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ) (wherein M represents an alkali metal ion, R ¹ , R ² independently represents a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine.

As the imide-based alkali metal salt, an imide-based alkali metal salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ) (wherein M, R ¹ and R ² have the same meaning as described above). ), There is no particular limitation. Examples of the fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include those in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the linear alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are substituted with fluorine atoms, such as a fluoromethyl group , Difluoromethyl group, trifluoromethyl group, fluoroethyl group, difluoroethyl group, trifluoroethyl group, pentafluoroethyl group and the like. Among the fluoroalkyl groups, a trifluoromethyl group and a pentafluoroethyl group are preferable. In R ¹ and R ² , at least one is preferably a fluorine atom, and both R ¹ and R ² are more preferably a fluorine atom. Specific examples of the imide-based alkali metal salt include MN (FSO ₂ ) ₂ , MN (CF ₃ SO ₂ ) ₂ , and MN (C ₂ F ₅ SO ₂ ) ₂ . Among these, MN (FSO ₂ ) ₂ that can suppress the viscosity of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution and exhibits high ionic conductivity is preferable.

  The imide alkali metal salt is preferably a lithium salt, a sodium salt or a potassium salt. By using each of these alkali metal salts, the alkali metal battery according to the present invention becomes a lithium battery, a sodium battery, and a potassium battery, respectively. Moreover, it is also possible to mix and use these alkali metal salts as long as the battery performance is not affected.

Another alkali metal salt containing fluorine is not particularly limited as long as it is a fluorine-containing alkali metal salt other than the imide lithium salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ). M′PF _a (C _m F _{2m + 1} ) _6−a (0 ≦ a ≦ 6, 1 ≦ m ≦ 2), M′BF _b (C _n F _{2n + 1} ) _4−b (0 ≦ b ≦ 4, 1 ≦ n ≦ 2) and at least one selected from the group consisting of M′AsF ₆ is preferable (in each formula, M ′ represents an alkali metal ion). Of these, M′PF ₆ is preferably used from the viewpoint of electrical conductivity.

  Moreover, the another alkali metal salt containing the said fluorine should just select the alkali metal salt similar to the said imide type alkali metal salt, and it is preferable that they are lithium salt, sodium salt, or potassium salt. Moreover, it is also possible to mix and use these alkali metal salts as long as the battery performance is not affected.

  The other alkali metal salt containing fluorine is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 7 mol% or more, and more preferably 10 mol% or more based on the total amount with the imide-based alkali metal salt. More preferably. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 95 mol% or less, It is more preferable that it is 93 mol% or less, It is further more preferable that it is 90 mol% or less. By setting the molar ratio of another alkali metal salt containing fluorine within the above range, an alkali metal battery having good cycle characteristics can be easily obtained. On the other hand, if the molar ratio of another alkali metal salt containing fluorine is out of the above range, the cycle characteristics of the alkali metal battery may not be satisfied.

  The concentration of the electrolyte (including the imide-based alkali metal salt and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine) in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is appropriately set and is not particularly limited. 0.5 to 1.5 mol / L is preferable.

  The concentration of the imide alkali metal salt in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of the present invention is preferably 0.1 mol / L or more and a saturation concentration or less when the imide alkali metal salt is a main electrolyte. More preferably, it is 0.1 mol / L to 2.5 mol / L, further preferably 0.3 mol / L to 2 mol / L, particularly preferably 0.4 mol / L to 1.5 mol / L, most preferably 0.5 mol / L to 1.2 mol / L. If the concentration of the imide-based alkali metal salt is too high, the viscosity of the non-aqueous electrolyte is increased and the electrical conductivity may be lowered, and the battery performance may not be sufficiently exhibited. The concentration of the imide-based alkali metal salt is low. Then, the amount of ions tends to decrease, and the electric conductivity of the electrolytic solution may be insufficient. When the electrolyte other than the imide-based alkali metal salt is the main electrolyte, the concentration of the imide-based alkali metal salt is preferably 0.01 mol / L to 2 mol / L, more preferably 0.05 mol / L to 1 mol / L. L, more preferably 0.1 mol / L to 0.5 mol / L. When the concentration of the imide-based alkali metal salt is less than 0.01 mol / L, desired battery performance may not be obtained. If the concentration of the imide-based alkali metal salt exceeds 2 mol / L, the viscosity of the non-aqueous electrolyte solution becomes high and the electric conductivity is lowered, and the battery performance may not be sufficiently exhibited.

As the electrolyte, in addition to the imide-based alkali metal salt and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine, any conventionally known electrolyte used as an electrolyte in an electrolyte solution of various power storage devices can be used. The electrolyte is preferably one that has a large dissociation constant in the electrolyte and generates an anion that is difficult to solvate with the solvent described below. Specifically, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of LiClO ₄ , LiSbF ₆ , LiAlO ₄ , LiAlCl ₄ , LiCl, and LiI can be used. You may use the said electrolyte individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

  The electrolyte can be used as a gel electrolyte in combination with a polymer material. Examples of the polymer material include polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide and copolymers thereof having ion conductivity; polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate and the like having no ion conductivity However, it is not limited to these.

<Non-aqueous solvent>
In preparing the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention, various non-aqueous solvents conventionally used in non-aqueous electrolytes can be used as the non-aqueous solvent for dissolving the electrolyte as described above. Cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate and chloroethylene carbonate; chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate; tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, 1, Ethers such as 1-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, 1,2-dibutoxyethane; γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, α-methyl-γ-butyrolactone, etc. Lactones; propionic acid It can be used like chain carboxylic acid esters such as chill and methyl butyrate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, carbonate solvents such as cyclic carbonates and chain carbonates can be preferably used because they are difficult to decompose upon application of voltage and are stable.

  In addition, the said non-aqueous solvent may be used independently and may mix and use 2 or more types. In the case of using two or more kinds of non-aqueous solvents, those containing cyclic carbonates as essential solvents are preferred, and in this case, the content of cyclic carbonates in the mixed solvent is preferably 20% by mass or more. More preferably, it is 40 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 50 mass% or more, It is preferable that it is 99 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 95 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 90 mass% or less. As the cyclic carbonate, ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate are preferable, and ethylene carbonate is more preferable.

<Additives>
The non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention may contain additives in addition to the imide alkali metal salt and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine. As additives, cyclic carbonates having unsaturated bonds such as vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), methyl vinylene carbonate (MVC), ethyl vinylene carbonate (EVC); fluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoropropylene carbonate, Carbonate compounds such as phenylethylene carbonate and erythritan carbonate; succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, glutaconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, diglycolic anhydride, cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydride, cyclopentanetetra Carboxylic anhydrides such as carboxylic dianhydride and phenyl succinic anhydride; ethylene sulfite, 1,4-butane sultone, methyl methanesulfonate, busulfa , Sulfolane, sulfolene, dimethyl sulfone, sulfur-containing compounds such as tetramethylthiuram monosulfide; 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-2-piperidone, 3-methyl-2-oxazolidinone, 1,3-dimethyl-2 -Nitrogen-containing compounds such as imidazolidinone and N-methylsuccinimide; phosphates such as monofluorophosphate and difluorophosphate; hydrocarbon compounds such as heptane, octane and cycloheptane. When these additives are used in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, the concentration is preferably 0.1% by mass to 5% by mass.

  Next, the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator used in the present invention will be described.

  With regard to the positive electrode, negative electrode and separator used in the present invention, many technologies have already been established for each battery, and many improved technologies have been proposed. Needless to say, the battery exterior material and the non-aqueous electrolyte that can be used are included in the technical scope of the alkali metal battery according to the present invention.

<Positive electrode>
The positive electrode is a sheet in which a positive electrode active material composition containing a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive, a binder, a dispersion solvent and the like is supported on a positive electrode current collector, and is usually in a sheet form.

  The method for producing the positive electrode is, for example, a method in which the positive electrode active material composition is applied to the positive electrode current collector by the doctor blade method or the like and then dried; the positive electrode active material composition is kneaded, molded and dried. A method of joining the sheet to the positive electrode current collector via a conductive adhesive, pressing and drying; forming a positive electrode active material composition to which a liquid lubricant has been added on the positive electrode current collector; The method of removing and then extending | stretching to a uniaxial or multiaxial direction etc. is mentioned.

  The material of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and for example, a conductive metal such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel (SUS), or titanium can be used. Among these, aluminum is preferable from the viewpoint of being easily processed into a thin film and being inexpensive.

  It does not specifically limit as a positive electrode active material, The positive electrode active material used with a conventionally well-known alkali metal battery can be used.

Specifically, in the case of lithium batteries, the positive electrode active material, lithium cobalt acid, lithium nickel acid, lithium manganese _{acid, LiNi 1-xy Co x Mn} y O 2 or _{LiNi 1-xy Co x Al y} O 2 Transition metal oxides such as ternary oxides represented by (0 ≦ x ≦ 1, 0 ≦ y ≦ 1), compounds having an olivine structure such as LiAPO ₄ (A = Fe, Mn, Ni, Co), Solid solution material incorporating a plurality of transition metals (electrolytically inactive layered Li ₂ MnO ₃ and electrochemically active layered LiMO (transition metals such as M = Co and Ni)), Fluorinated graphite, manganese dioxide, thionyl chloride, iron sulfide, copper oxide, and the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination. Among these, lithium-containing transition metal oxides such as lithium cobaltate, lithium nickelate, lithium manganate, and ternary oxides are preferable.

In the case of sodium battery, as the positive electrode active _{material, NaFeO 2, NaMnO 2, NaNiO} 2 and oxide represented by NaCoO ₂ NaM ¹ _a O _2, such as, Na ₂ M ¹ _a, such as Na ₂ CrO ₄ O ₄ oxide, Na _0.44 Mn _1-a M ¹ _a O ₂ oxide, Na _0.7 M
oxides represented by n _1-a M ¹ _a O _2.05 (M ¹ is one or more transition metal elements, 0 ≦ a <1); Na ₆ Fe ₂ Si ₁₂ O ₃₀ and Na ₂ Fe ₅ Si ₁₂ O ^{_{Na b M 2 c Si 12 O}} 30 with oxide represented (M ² is one or more transition metal elements, 2 ≦ b ≦ 6,2 ≦ c ≦ 5) , such as _{30; Na 2 Fe 2 Si 6} O ₁₈ and _{Na 2 MnFeSi 6 O 18 Na d} M 3 e Si 6 oxide represented by O _18, such as (M ³ is one or more transition metal elements, 3 ≦ d ≦ 6,1 ≦ e ≦ 2); Na _f M ⁴ _g Si ₂ oxide represented by O ₆ (M ⁴ is at least one element selected from the group consisting of transition metal elements, Mg and Al, such as _{Na 2 FeSi 2 O 6, 1} ≦ f ≦ 2, 1 ≦ g ≦ 2); fluorides represented by Na _h M ⁵ F ₆ such as Na ₃ FeF ₆ and Na ₂ MnF ₆ (M ⁵ is one or more transition metal elements, 2 ≦ h ≦ 3) ; NaF Phosphates such _{Na 3 Fe 2 (PO 4)} 3; PO 4, NaMnPO 4, NaNiPO phosphate (M ⁶ is one or more transition metal elements) represented by NaM ⁶ _a PO _4, such as _4; Sodium inorganic compounds such as borates such as NaFeBO ₄ and Na ₃ Fe ₂ (BO ₄ ) ₃ can be used.

  Examples of the conductive assistant include acetylene black, carbon black, graphite, metal powder material, single-phase carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube, and vapor grown carbon fiber.

  As binders, fluorine resins such as polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene; synthetic rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber; polyamide resins such as polyamideimide; polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene A poly (meth) acrylic resin; a polyacrylic acid; a cellulose resin such as carboxymethylcellulose; These binders may be used alone or in combination of two or more. These binders may be dissolved in a solvent or dispersed in a solvent.

  The blending amount of the conductive auxiliary agent or the binder can be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the intended use of the battery (emphasis on output, importance on energy, etc.), ion conductivity, and the like.

  Examples of the solvent used for dispersing the positive electrode material when manufacturing the positive electrode include N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water.

<Negative electrode>
The negative electrode is a sheet in which a negative electrode active material composition containing a negative electrode active material, a dispersion solvent, a binder, and a conductive auxiliary agent as necessary is supported on a negative electrode current collector, and is usually in the form of a sheet.

  As a material for the negative electrode current collector, a conductive metal such as copper, iron, nickel, silver, or SUS can be used. However, copper is preferable from the viewpoint of easy processing into a thin film.

  As the negative electrode active material, a negative electrode active material used in a conventionally known alkali metal battery can be used. Specifically, graphite materials such as artificial graphite and natural graphite, mesophase fired bodies made from coal / petroleum pitch, carbon materials such as non-graphitizable carbon, Si, Si alloys, Si-based materials such as SiO, Sn alloys Sn-based materials such as lithium metal, lithium metal, and lithium alloys such as lithium-aluminum alloy can be used.

  In addition, the manufacturing method of a negative electrode can employ | adopt the method similar to the manufacturing method of a positive electrode. As the conductive auxiliary agent, binder, and material dispersion solvent that can be used for the negative electrode, the same ones as those used for the positive electrode can be used.

<Separator>
The separator is disposed so as to separate the positive and negative electrodes. The separator is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known separator can be used. For example, a porous sheet (for example, a polyolefin-based microporous separator or a cellulose-based separator) made of a polymer that absorbs and retains a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a nonwoven fabric separator, a porous metal body, and the like can be given. Among these, a polyolefin microporous separator having a property of being chemically stable with respect to an organic solvent is preferable.

  Examples of the material for the porous sheet include polyethylene, polypropylene, and a laminate having a three-layer structure of polypropylene / polyethylene / polypropylene.

  Examples of the material of the nonwoven fabric separator include cotton, rayon, acetate, nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyimide, aramid, glass, and the like, depending on the mechanical strength required for the nonaqueous electrolyte layer or the like. Used by mixing.

  Hereinafter, the battery exterior material used in the present invention will be described.

<Battery exterior material>
The battery exterior material is used to house a battery element including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, and prevent external impacts, environmental degradation, and the like when the battery is used.

  The battery exterior material used in the present invention is a so-called metal laminate film in which a main body is a metal layer, a resin is laminated on a liquid contact surface with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution. As such a battery exterior material, for example, a heat-sealing resin layer on a surface of the metal layer that is the inner side of the battery (a surface in contact with the non-aqueous electrolyte) and a surface that is the outer side of the battery (the non-aqueous electrolyte) And a metal laminate film having a three-layer structure in which an exterior resin layer is laminated on the surface opposite to the liquid contact surface).

  Examples of the resin that can be used for the heat-sealing resin layer (that is, the resin that can be used on the surface in contact with the non-aqueous electrolyte) include nylon resin (such as nylon 66), polyester resin (such as PET), and polyolefin resin (such as resin). Polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, etc.), ionomer resin, acrylic resin, and modified products thereof.

  Examples of the resin that can be used for the exterior resin layer (that is, the resin that can be used on the outer surface of the battery) include nylon resin (such as nylon 66), polyester resin (such as PET), polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, and ionomer resin. , Acrylic resins, epoxy resins and modified products thereof. Nylon resins (such as nylon 66), polyester resins (such as PET), polyolefin resins (such as polypropylene resin and polyethylene resin), and ionomer resins are preferable.

  The metal layer of the battery exterior material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an aluminum film and a SUS film, but an aluminum film is preferable.

  In the metal laminate film, the thickness of the metal layer is preferably 10 to 150 μm. If the thickness of the metal layer is less than 10 μm, the strength of the metal layer is insufficient, and cracks and holes may occur in the metal laminate film due to bending or the like, and moisture resistance may not be maintained. On the other hand, when the thickness of the metal layer exceeds 150 μm, the laminate film itself becomes hard, causing a problem in handleability.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness of a heat-fusion resin layer is 20-100 micrometers. When the metal laminate film has an exterior resin layer, the thickness is preferably 20 to 100 μm. If the thickness of the heat-sealing resin layer or the exterior resin layer is less than 20 μm, the protective effect on the metal layer may be insufficient. Further, if the thickness of the heat-sealing resin layer or the exterior resin layer exceeds 100 μm, a problem arises in handleability.

  As described above, the alkali metal battery according to the present invention can be configured in the same manner as a conventional alkali metal battery except that a non-aqueous electrolyte solution having a specific composition and a battery exterior material having a specific configuration are employed. Moreover, although it is good also as a primary battery or a secondary battery, it is preferable that it is a secondary battery, and it is especially preferable that it is a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrolyte of lithium salt. Hereinafter, the cycle characteristics of the alkali metal battery of the present invention having the above configuration will be described.

<Battery cycle characteristics>
The alkaline metal battery of the present invention can greatly improve the cycle characteristics of the battery by combining a nonaqueous electrolyte solution having a specific composition and a battery exterior material having a specific configuration. This is considered to be because the corrosion of the exterior material was suppressed by the presence of the resin layer on the liquid contact surface, and the corrosion suppression effect of the exterior material was further enhanced by the composition of the non-aqueous electrolyte.

  In the alkaline metal battery of the present invention, in the cycle test, the ratio of the discharge capacity at the 10th cycle to the discharge capacity at the 1st cycle is preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 85% or more. When lithium cobaltate is used as the positive electrode active material, the discharge capacity in the first cycle is preferably 120 mAh / g or more, and more preferably 125 mAh / g or more in the cycle test. Further, the discharge capacity at the 10th cycle preferably exceeds 105 mAh / g, and more preferably 110 mAh / g or more.

  The above-mentioned cycle test is performed using a charge / discharge test apparatus (ACD-01, manufactured by Asuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a charge / discharge rate of 0.2 C (constant current mode) and 3.5 to 4.2 V. During discharging, a charging / discharging pause time of 10 minutes was provided.

  Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and all modifications may be made without departing from the spirit described above and below. It is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

<Synthesis of lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI)>
Synthesized according to JP 2010-189372 A.

<Preparation of non-aqueous electrolyte>
Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ , manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd., LBG grade), which is an electrolyte, and lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI) obtained in the above synthesis example were mixed with ethylene carbonate (EC ) / Ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) (EC: EMC = 1: 1 (volume ratio), all manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd., LBG grade) to prepare non-aqueous electrolytes A to E as shown in Table 1. did.

<Preparation of positive electrode sheet>
90 parts by mass of lithium cobalt oxide (Cellseed (registered trademark) C-10, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as the positive electrode active material, acetylene black (Denka Black (registered trademark) HS-100, Denki Kagaku Co., Ltd.) as the conductive auxiliary agent 5 parts by mass) and 5 parts by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF (registered trademark), KYNAR (registered trademark) 761, manufactured by Arkema) as a binder are uniformly mixed in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). Thus, a paste-like positive electrode active material composition was prepared. The paste-like positive electrode active material composition was applied to one side of an aluminum foil (positive electrode current collector: thickness 20 μm) and dried to obtain a positive electrode sheet.

<Preparation of negative electrode sheet>
90 parts by mass of artificial graphite (MAG-D, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a negative electrode active material and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF (registered trademark), KYNAR (registered trademark) 761, manufactured by Arkema) as a binder 10 A mass part was uniformly mixed in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) to prepare a paste-like negative electrode active material composition. The paste-like negative electrode active material composition was applied to one side of a copper foil (negative electrode current collector: thickness 20 μm) and dried to obtain a negative electrode sheet.

Examples 1-3
One positive electrode sheet and one negative electrode sheet obtained above were laminated facing each other, and one polyethylene separator was sandwiched between them. Two sheets of aluminum laminate film (three layers of polyethylene resin layer / aluminum layer / polyethylene resin layer) are sandwiched between the positive and negative electrode sheets, filled with each of the non-aqueous electrolytes B to D, and then in a vacuum state. Sealed.

  Using a charge / discharge test apparatus (ACD-01, manufactured by Asuka Electronics Co., Ltd.), the battery was charged and discharged once at a charge / discharge rate of 0.2 C (constant current mode) at 3.5 to 4.2 V, and then the battery was charged. After opening, it was sealed again in a vacuum state. Under the same conditions, charging and discharging were repeated 5 times to complete a laminated lithium battery.

  Moreover, about the said laminate-type lithium battery, charge / discharge rate 0.2C (constant current mode) and the conditions of 3.5-4.2V are used using a charging / discharging test device (ACD-01, manufactured by Asuka Electronics Co., Ltd.). In each charge / discharge, a cycle test was conducted with a charge / discharge pause time of 10 minutes. The results are shown in Table 2.

Reference example 1
A laminate type lithium battery was produced in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 except that the non-aqueous electrolyte E was used, and a cycle test was performed. The results of the cycle test are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Examples 1-5
The positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet obtained above were punched into a circle. A polyethylene separator was also punched into a circle. Use CR2032 coin cell parts (positive case (made of SUS316L), negative electrode cap (made of SUS316L), spacer (1 mm thickness, made of SUS316L), wave washer (made of SUS316L), gasket (made of polypropylene)) purchased from Hosen Co., Ltd. After stacking the negative electrode cap, wave washer, spacer, negative electrode (with the copper foil side of the negative electrode facing the spacer), and separator in this order, the non-aqueous electrolytes A to E were placed on the separator. Was impregnated. Further, a positive electrode was installed so that the positive electrode active material was opposed to the negative electrode active material, and a positive electrode case was sequentially stacked on the positive electrode material, followed by caulking to produce a coin-type battery. A cycle test was performed under the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 3. The results are shown in Table 2.

From the results shown in Table 2, the present invention employs a metal layer-containing battery exterior material in which a resin is laminated on the surface in contact with the non-aqueous electrolyte, and a non-aqueous electrolyte containing both LiFSI and LiPF ₆ as an electrolyte. It was found that the laminate type alkaline metal batteries (Examples 1 to 3) had excellent discharge characteristics at both the first cycle and the tenth cycle, and exhibited excellent cycle characteristics.

  On the other hand, the laminate type alkaline metal battery of Reference Example 1 using only LiFSI as the electrolyte had a discharge capacity at the 10th cycle of Examples 1 to 3 despite using the metal layer-containing battery exterior material having the above specific configuration. It got worse.

In addition, in the batteries of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 using the SUS battery exterior material, even when both LiFSI and LiPF ₆ were used as electrolytes, the discharge capacities at the first and tenth cycles were severely deteriorated, and the cycle was not satisfactory. The characteristics are shown.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a practical alkali metal battery that has significantly improved cycle characteristics as compared with the prior art.

Claims (8)

A laminated alkaline metal battery in which a battery element comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte in which an electrolyte is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent is housed in a metal layer-containing exterior material,
The electrolyte is an imide alkali metal salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ) (wherein M represents an alkali metal ion, R ¹ and R ² are independently a fluorine atom or A fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) and another alkali metal salt containing fluorine,
A laminate type alkaline metal battery, wherein the metal layer-containing exterior material is a laminate of a resin on a liquid contact surface with a non-aqueous electrolyte. Another alkali metal salt containing fluorine is an imide-based alkali metal salt represented by MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ), wherein M represents an alkali metal ion, R ¹ , R ² independently represents a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) and 5 mol% or more based on the total amount of another alkali metal salt containing fluorine. Laminated alkaline metal battery. Imido alkali metal salt represented by the above MN (R ¹ SO ₂ ) (R ² SO ₂ ) (wherein M represents an alkali metal ion, R ¹ and R ² are independently a fluorine atom or a carbon number) The laminate type alkali metal battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 1 to 6 fluoroalkyl groups are bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide alkali metal salts. Another alkali metal salt containing the fluorine is
M′PF _a (C _m F _{2m + 1} ) _6−a (0 ≦ a ≦ 6, 1 ≦ m ≦ 2),
M′BF _b (C _n F _{2n + 1} ) _4−b (0 ≦ b ≦ 4, 1 ≦ n ≦ 2),
And M'AsF ₆ (in the above formulas, M 'is. Representing an alkali metal ion) laminated alkali metal cell according to claim 1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of.   The laminated alkali metal battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the alkali metal salt is a lithium salt, a sodium salt, or a potassium salt.   The laminated alkaline metal battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is a secondary battery.   It is a lithium ion secondary battery, The laminate type alkali metal battery in any one of Claims 1-6.   The laminate-type alkaline metal battery according to claim 7, comprising a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material containing a lithium-containing transition metal oxide.