JP2012246982A - Magnetic gear device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic gear device that prevents an increase in temperature of components during transmission of torque.SOLUTION: The magnetic gear device includes: an input magnetic gear 2 formed by arranging a plurality of magnets 24 in a circumferential direction on a magnetic force generating surface that is provided radially outward around an axial line of an input rotating shaft 1; an output magnetic gear 3 which concentrically encircles the input magnetic gear 2, and is formed by arranging a plurality of magnets in a circumferential direction on a magnetic force generating surface facing the magnetic force generating surface of the input magnetic gear 2; and a magnetic path member 4 formed of a magnetic steel and fixed between magnetic force generating surfaces of the input magnetic gear and the output magnetic gear 3 which are facing each other, while being arranged in a circumferential direction so as to be interposed between magnetic poles of the input magnetic gear 2 and the output magnetic gear 3. A cooling medium flowing path 45 is formed between a plurality of magnetic path members 41 of a magnetic path member holder 41 for fixing the magnetic path member 4 to guide the air discharged toward the magnetic force generating surface.

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetic gear device that transmits torque by magnetic attraction and repulsion of a magnet.

  As a reduction gear, a gear device capable of relatively easily transmitting with high efficiency is widely used. However, there is a magnetic gear device that transmits torque by magnetic attraction / repulsion of a magnet.

  As a prior art of a magnetic gear device, for example, a plurality of magnetic bars that transmit magnetism are arranged annularly between an inner ring magnetic gear and an outer ring magnetic gear arranged concentrically, and torque input to the inner ring magnetic gear is used as an outer ring magnetic gear. (See Patent Document 1 etc.).

U.S. Pat. No. 3,378,710

  In the magnetic gear device structured as described above, the magnet and the yoke are exposed to a relatively changing magnetic field during driving. In particular, when the magnetic gear device is used at a high rotational speed, the relative change in the magnetic field becomes intense, and a large eddy current is generated in the magnet or yoke due to the electromagnetic induction effect. The increase in the temperature of each part due to the heat generated by this eddy current is one of the causes that cause a decrease in efficiency, member deterioration, and the like.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic gear device that can suppress the temperature rise of the constituent members that occurs during torque transmission.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a magnetic force generating surface in which a plurality of magnets are arranged in a circumferential direction on an iron core provided around the axis of the first rotating shaft is provided in a radially outward direction. One magnetic gear and the first magnetic gear are coaxially enclosed, and a magnetic force generating surface of an iron core in which a plurality of magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction around the axis of the second rotating shaft is provided as the magnetic force of the first magnetic gear. A first magnetic gear and a second magnetic gear between a second magnetic gear provided radially inward so as to face the generation surface, and a magnetic force generation surface opposed to the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear; Provided between a plurality of magnetic path members made of electromagnetic steel arranged and fixed in the circumferential direction so as to be interposed between the magnetic poles of the gear and a plurality of magnetic path members fixed and arranged in the circumferential direction. Guides the refrigerant discharged toward at least one of the magnetic force generation surfaces. And that a medium flow path.

  (2) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a magnetic force generating surface in which a plurality of magnets are arranged in a circumferential direction on an iron core provided around the axis of the first rotating shaft and are directed outward in the radial direction. The first magnetic gear and the magnetic force generating surface of the iron core that is provided so as to surround the first magnetic gear coaxially and in which a plurality of magnets are arranged around the axis of the second rotating shaft in the circumferential direction. A second magnetic gear provided radially inward so as to oppose the magnetic force generation surface of the first magnetic gear, and provided between the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear. And a holding member that holds a plurality of magnetic path members made of electromagnetic steel arranged in the circumferential direction so as to be interposed between the magnetic poles of the second magnetic gear, and is provided to be supplied so as to extend in the axial direction in the holding member. Directing the refrigerant toward at least one of the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces And that a coolant flow path having a discharge for discharging hole.

  (3) In the above (1) or (2), preferably, the extraction air of compressed air generated by a compressor connected to the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft is supplied to the refrigerant flow path. And

  (4) In the above (1) or (2), preferably, the plurality of magnets on the magnetic force generation surface have a center of gravity in a plane perpendicular to the axis of each of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear. It shall be arranged on the axis.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the constituent members that occurs during torque transmission.

It is a figure which shows schematically the magnetic gear apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, and is sectional drawing in a surface perpendicular | vertical to a rotating shaft. It is a figure showing roughly the magnetic gear device concerning one embodiment of the present invention, and is a sectional view in the field containing a rotating shaft. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the refrigerant | coolant flow path part in FIG. 1 with the periphery structure. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the structure of the axial direction of the refrigerant flow path part of FIG. It is a block diagram of the gas turbine generator provided with the magnetic gear apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a gas turbine generator including the magnetic gear device 100 according to the present embodiment.

  In FIG. 5, the gas turbine generator includes a compressor 90 that compresses intake air to generate compressed air, a combustor 91 that combusts and mixes compressed air and fuel from the compressor 90, and a combustor 91. A turbine 92 that is rotationally driven by the combustion gas, an intermediate shaft 93 that couples the turbine 92 and the compressor 90, and transmits the rotation of the turbine 92 to the compressor 90, and is connected to the compressor 90. An input rotary shaft 1 that is rotationally driven by the rotation, and a magnetic gear device 100 that is connected to the input rotary shaft 1 and the output rotary shaft 5 and converts the rotational speed of the input rotary shaft 1 and outputs it to the output rotary shaft 5; A generator 94 is connected to the output rotating shaft 5 and generates electric power according to the rotational speed of the output rotating shaft 5. The input rotary shaft 1, the output rotary shaft 5, and other rotary shafts are arranged coaxially and are rotatably supported by a plurality of bearings 95 and a thrust bearing (not shown).

  1 and 2 are diagrams schematically showing a magnetic gear device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis, and FIG. 2 is a plane including the rotation axis. FIG.

  1 and 2, a magnetic gear device 100 includes a substantially cylindrical input-side magnetic gear 2, a substantially cylindrical output-side magnetic gear 3 disposed so as to surround the input-side magnetic gear 2 coaxially, A plurality of magnetic path members 4 disposed between the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3 are provided. The input side magnetic gear 2, the output side magnetic gear 3, and the magnetic path member 4 (magnetic path member holder 41 described later) are disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in the radial direction so that they do not come into contact with each other by rotational driving. It is configured.

  The input side magnetic gear 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is connected coaxially with the input rotation shaft 1 at one end thereof. The output-side magnetic gear 3 has a substantially cylindrical shape with one end on the output rotating shaft 5 side (opposite to the input rotating shaft 1) closed, and is coaxial with the output rotating shaft 5 at the closed end. It is connected to the. The input rotary shaft 1 and the output rotary shaft 5 are coaxially arranged, and therefore the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3 are formed coaxially.

  The input side magnetic gear 2 includes a shaft center portion 21 provided along the axis of the input rotary shaft 1, an iron core 25 disposed so as to cover the outer periphery of the shaft center portion 21, and a circumferential direction in the iron core 25. And a plurality of magnets 24 embedded side by side.

  The magnets 24 are provided so as to extend in the axial direction along the axial center portion 21 and are formed by laminating thin plate-shaped permanent magnets insulated from each other in the axial direction. The plurality of magnets 24 formed in this manner are arranged with the N pole 24a and the S pole 24b facing in the circumferential direction. And the adjacent magnet 24 is arrange | positioned in the direction where the mutually same polarity opposes the circumferential direction.

  The iron core 25 is formed by laminating thin plate members (for example, silicon steel plates) insulated from each other in the axial direction.

  In the input side magnetic gear 2 configured as described above, the magnetic lines of force of the adjacent magnets 24 do not go to the opposite side having the same polarity, and most of the lines of magnetic force act radially outward. Therefore, in the input side magnetic gear 2, it can be said that the outer peripheral surface (radially outer surface) is a magnetic force generating surface.

  The output side magnetic gear 3 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and is arranged coaxially with the input side magnetic gear 2, an iron core 33 arranged so as to cover the inner periphery of the outer structure part 31, and an iron core 33 and a plurality of magnets 32 embedded side by side in the circumferential direction.

  The magnets 32 are provided so as to extend in the axial direction along the outer structure portion 31 and are formed by laminating thin plate-shaped permanent magnets insulated from each other in the axial direction. The plurality of magnets 32 formed in this way are respectively arranged with the N pole 32a and the S pole 32b facing in the circumferential direction. And the adjacent magnet 32 is arrange | positioned in the direction where the mutually same polarity opposes the circumferential direction.

  The iron core 33 is formed by laminating thin plate members (for example, silicon steel plates) insulated from each other in the axial direction.

  In the output side magnetic gear 3 configured as described above, the magnetic lines of force of the adjacent magnets 32 do not go to the opposite side having the same polarity, and most of the magnetic lines of force act radially inward. Therefore, in the output-side magnetic gear 3, it can be said that the inner peripheral surface (the radially inner surface) is a magnetic force generating surface.

  In each of the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3, the plurality of magnets 24 and 32 on the magnetic force generating surface are weight-calculated and arranged so that the center of gravity in the plane perpendicular to the axis is on the axis. That is, in the input side magnetic gear 2, the weight of the magnet 24 is measured before the placement, and the center of gravity by the magnet 24 is placed on the axis, that is, the rotation center. The same applies to the output side magnetic gear 3.

  The magnetic path member 4 is a resin-made magnetic path (for example, FRP: Fiber Reinforced Plastics, which is a nonmetallic material) formed coaxially between the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces of the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3. By being held by the member holder 41, a plurality are arranged in the circumferential direction.

  In the magnetic path member holder 41, a plurality of holes extending in the axial direction are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and thin plate-like electromagnetic steel members insulated from each other are laminated in the holes in the axial direction. The magnetic path member 4 is formed to extend in the axial direction. The magnetic path holder 41 is fixed to the base of the magnetic gear device 100 or the like via a holding part 43 connected to one end of the input rotary shaft 1 by a bolt 42, whereby the magnetic path member 41 is fixed. Has been.

  Further, the magnetic path member holder 41 is provided so as to extend in the axial direction between each of the plurality of magnetic path members 4 arranged and fixed in the circumferential direction, and is provided on at least one of the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces. A refrigerant flow path 45 that guides the refrigerant discharged toward the outside is provided. One refrigerant channel 45 is provided between each of the plurality of magnetic path members 4.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the refrigerant flow path 45 portion in FIG. 1 together with its peripheral configuration. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure in the axial direction of the refrigerant flow path 45 portion of FIG.

  3 and 4, the refrigerant flow path 45 is provided in the magnetic path member holder 41 so as to extend in the axial direction between the plurality of magnetic path members 4. The magnetic path member holder 41 is provided with a plurality of discharge holes 47 arranged in the axial direction so as to penetrate the magnetic path member holder 41 radially outward from the refrigerant flow path 45. A plurality of ejection holes 46 formed so as to penetrate the magnetic path member holder 41 radially inward from the flow path 45 are provided side by side in the axial direction. The discharge holes 46 and 47 have a conical shape with a diameter reduced toward the refrigerant flow path 45, and communicate with the refrigerant flow path 45 on the apex side thereof.

  Extracted air of compressed air generated by the compressor 90 connected to the input rotary shaft 1 is supplied to the refrigerant flow path 45 as the refrigerant, and the compressed air (refrigerant) is discharged from the refrigerant flow path 45. The air is blown to the outer peripheral surface 20 a of the first magnetic gear 2 through the hole 46, and is blown to the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the second magnetic gear 3 through the discharge hole 47.

  The magnetic gear device 100 of the present embodiment configured as described above has an input side magnetic gear 2 and an output side magnetic gear 3 and an output side magnetic gear 3 and a magnetic path member at the end on the output rotating shaft 1 side. The holder 41 is held so as to be slidable in the circumferential direction via the ball bearings 2a and 3a, and the shift of the central axis between the members is suppressed (see FIG. 2).

  The relationship between the rotational speed of the input rotary shaft 1 (input-side magnetic gear 2) and the rotational speed of the output rotary shaft 5 (output-side magnetic gear 3) of the magnetic gear device 100 is the logarithm of polarity on the magnetic force generation surface of the input-side magnetic gear 2. And the ratio of the logarithm of polarity on the magnetic force generating surface of the output side magnetic gear 3. In other words, the relationship between the rotational speed of the input rotary shaft 1 and the rotational speed of the output rotary shaft 5 is determined by the ratio of the polar logarithm of the magnet 24 of the input side magnetic gear 2 and the polar logarithm of the magnet 32 of the output side magnetic gear 3. That is.

  That is, the rotational speed (input rotational speed) of the input rotary shaft 1 is Nin, the polarity logarithm of the magnet 3 provided in the input side magnetic gear 2 is Xin, the rotational speed (output rotational speed) of the output rotary shaft 7 is Nout, and output. When the polarity logarithm of the magnet 5 provided on the side magnetic gear 6 is Xout, the relationship between the input rotation speed Nin and the output rotation speed Nout is expressed by the following expression.

Nin: Nout = Xout: Xin (1)
For example, as shown in this embodiment, when the polarity logarithm of the magnet 24 is 7 (see FIG. 1) and the polarity logarithm of the magnet 32 is 17 (see FIG. 1), the input rotation speed Nin and the output rotation axis Nout The ratio is 17: 7.

  The transmittable torque between the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3 increases as the volumes of the magnets 24 and 32 increase. At that time, the iron cores 25 and 33 and the magnetic path member 4 need to have dimensions that do not cause magnetic saturation.

  When the number of magnetic path members 4 is the sum of the polar logarithm of the magnetic force generation surface of the input side magnetic gear 2 and the polar logarithm of the magnetic force generation surface of the output side magnetic gear 3, the output rotation from the input rotary shaft 1 The torque that can be transmitted to the shaft 5 is maximized. This knowledge is obtained by simulation using Fourier analysis or the like. For example, as in the present embodiment, when the polarity logarithm of the magnetic force generation surface of the input side magnetic gear 2 is 7 and the polarity logarithm of the magnetic force generation surface of the output side magnetic gear 3 is 17, the number of the magnetic path members 4 Is 24, the transmittable torque between the input-side magnetic gear 2 and the output-side magnetic gear 3 is maximized.

  The operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

  When the compressor 90 and the turbine 92 are started and the input rotary shaft 1 is rotationally driven, the input-side magnetic gear 2 of the magnetic gear device 100 is rotationally driven. The magnetic force generating surface of the input side magnetic gear 2 and the magnetic force generating surface of the output side magnetic gear 3 are magnetically meshed with each other via the magnetic path member 4. Specifically, when the input-side magnetic gear 2 rotates relative to the magnetic path member 4, the opposing surfaces of the magnetic path members 4 that face the input-side magnetic gear 2 and the output-side magnetic gear 3 become N-pole or S-pole. Magnetized alternately. In this way, the output side magnetic gear 3 is rotationally driven in the circumferential direction by the magnetic attractive force or repulsive force acting between the magnetized magnetic path member 4 and the magnetic force generating surface of the output side magnetic gear 3. That is, the magnetic gear device 100 transmits the rotational power of the input rotary shaft 1 to the output rotary shaft 5 by causing the magnetic path member 4 to function like a planetary gear. Further, the air as the refrigerant supplied from the compressor 90 to the refrigerant flow path 45 passes through the discharge holes 46 and 47, and the outer peripheral surface 20 a of the first magnetic gear 2 and the inner peripheral surface 30 a of the second magnetic gear 3. The outer peripheral surface 20a and the inner peripheral surface 30a are cooled by the air collision (impact cooling). The air as the refrigerant supplied to the refrigerant flow path 45 flows in the refrigerant flow path 45 and the discharge holes 46 and 47, which are the flow paths, and the magnetic path holder 41, the outer peripheral surface 20a, and the inner peripheral surface 30a. The magnetic path member holder 41 is cooled by flowing through the gap.

  The effect of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.

  In a magnetic gear device structured as in the prior art, the magnet and the yoke are exposed to a relatively changing magnetic field during driving. In particular, when the magnetic gear device is used at a high rotational speed, the relative change in the magnetic field becomes intense, and a large eddy current is generated in the magnet or yoke due to the electromagnetic induction effect. The increase in temperature of the magnet, yoke, magnetic path member, and the like due to the heat generated by this eddy current is one factor that causes a decrease in efficiency and deterioration of the support member.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the refrigerant flow path is provided between the plurality of magnetic path members 4 that are fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction between the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces of the first magnetic gear 2 and the second magnetic gear 3. 45 is configured to discharge air as a refrigerant supplied to the refrigerant flow path 45 to the outer peripheral surface 20a of the first magnetic gear 2 and the outer peripheral surface 30a of the second magnetic gear 3 through the discharge holes 46 and 47. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in temperature of components such as the magnets 24 and 32, the iron cores 25 and 33, and the magnetic path member holder 41 due to heat generated by the eddy current generated during torque transmission. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in efficiency due to a temperature rise of the constituent members, deterioration of the members, and the like.

  In addition, in each of the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3, since the centers of gravity of the plurality of magnets 24 and 32 are arranged to be the rotation center, the input side magnetic gear 2 and the output side magnetic gear 3 are driven during rotation. Thus, the centrifugal force vector generated can be reduced, and blurring and vibration in the radial direction can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, air is used as the refrigerant, but the present invention is not limited to this. The refrigerant (air) is configured to use the extracted air from the compressor 90, but may be configured to use air from a separately provided pressurized air generating unit as the refrigerant.

  In addition, the refrigerant flow path 45 is configured to be provided one by one between each of the plurality of magnetic path members 41, but is not limited thereto, and a portion where the refrigerant flow path 45 is provided between the magnetic path members 41 and a portion where the refrigerant flow path 45 is not provided. May be arranged.

  Further, both the discharge hole 46 for discharging air to the outer peripheral surface 20a of the first magnetic gear 2 and the discharge hole 47 for discharging air to the outer peripheral surface 30a of the second magnetic gear 3 are provided in one refrigerant flow path 45. However, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, a refrigerant flow path having a discharge hole 46 for discharging air to the outer peripheral surface 20a of the first magnetic gear 2 and a refrigerant flow path having a discharge hole 47 for discharging air to the outer peripheral surface 30a of the second magnetic gear 3 are provided. It is good also as a structure which provides separately in parallel with an axial direction and supplies air to each refrigerant | coolant flow path. In this case, the amount of discharge air can be optimized separately on the outer peripheral surface 20a side and the outer peripheral surface 30a side, and more efficiency can be achieved.

  In addition, the discharge holes 46 and 47 are configured to be provided at the same position in the axial direction at equal intervals on the outer peripheral surface 20a side and the outer peripheral surface 30a side. They may be provided at different positions.

1 Input rotation axis (first rotation axis)
2 Input side magnetic gear (first magnetic gear)
3 Output side magnetic gear (second magnetic gear)
4 Magnetic path member 5 Output rotating shaft (second rotating shaft)
21 Axis center part 24, 32 Magnet 25, 33 Iron core 41 Magnetic path member holder 43 Holding part 90 Compressor 91 Combustor 92 Turbine 93 Intermediate shaft 94 Generator 95 Bearing 100 Magnetic gear device

Claims (4)

A first magnetic gear provided with a plurality of magnets arranged in a circumferential direction on an iron core provided around the axis of the first rotation axis and having a magnetic force generation surface facing radially outward;
The magnetic force generating surface of the iron core, which is provided coaxially surrounding the first magnetic gear and has a plurality of magnets arranged in the circumferential direction around the axis of the second rotating shaft, faces the magnetic force generating surface of the first magnetic gear. A second magnetic gear provided radially inward as described above,
Made of electromagnetic steel fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction so as to be interposed between the magnetic poles of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear between the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear. A plurality of magnetic path members;
A refrigerant flow path is provided between a plurality of magnetic path members fixed in line in the circumferential direction and guides a refrigerant discharged toward at least one of the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces. A magnetic gear device. A first magnetic gear provided with a plurality of magnets arranged in a circumferential direction on an iron core provided around the axis of the first rotation axis and having a magnetic force generation surface facing radially outward;
The magnetic force generating surface of the iron core, which is provided coaxially surrounding the first magnetic gear and has a plurality of magnets arranged in the circumferential direction around the axis of the second rotating shaft, faces the magnetic force generating surface of the first magnetic gear. A second magnetic gear provided radially inward as described above,
A plurality of magnetic path members made of electromagnetic steel are provided between the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear and are interposed between the magnetic poles of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear. Holding members that are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction;
A refrigerant flow path provided in the holding member so as to extend in the axial direction and having a discharge hole for discharging the supplied refrigerant toward at least one of the opposing magnetic force generation surfaces. A magnetic gear device. The magnetic gear device according to claim 1 or 2,
A magnetic gear device, characterized in that extracted air of compressed air generated by a compressor connected to the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft is supplied to the refrigerant flow path. The magnetic gear device according to claim 1 or 2,
The plurality of magnets on the magnetic force generating surface are arranged such that, for each of the first magnetic gear and the second magnetic gear, the center of gravity in a plane perpendicular to the axis is on the axis.

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