JP2012240131A - Cutting tool, machine tool, and groove machining method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tool, a machine tool, and a groove machining method capable of machining grooves with different width.SOLUTION: The cutting tool 1 is attached to the machine tool to machine a groove in a workpiece, and includes a base 20 connected to the machine tool, a rotor 30 supported by the base 20 and rotatable around a rotor rotary shaft AR, and a plurality of cutters 40 supported by the rotor 30 and rotatable around a cutter rotary shaft AC parallel to the rotor rotary shaft AR.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool that is mounted on a machine tool and cuts a groove in a workpiece, a machine tool that cuts a groove in a workpiece, and a groove processing method.

Conventionally, various machine tools are used in the cutting field, and vertical and horizontal milling machines operated by NC control or manually, machining centers equipped with tool changers, and the like are used.
In machine tools, a cutting tool is attached to the tip of the spindle, the spindle is rotated at high speed, and the tool's blade position is accurately controlled by the X, Y, and Z axis drive system to achieve the specified position of the workpiece. High-precision machining.

  As a cutting tool to be mounted on a machine tool, for example, when performing continuous grooving on a workpiece, a tool having a cutting edge formed on the outer periphery is used. As such a tool, for example, a tool in which a cutting edge is formed on a rod-shaped or cylindrical outer peripheral surface (see Patent Document 1), or a tool in which a cutting edge is arranged on the outer periphery of a cylindrical support portion (see Patent Document 2) is known. It has been.

JP 2008-055594 A JP-T-2001-519248

In the groove cutting tool described above, the width of the groove formed in the workpiece is determined by the tool. That is, the diameter of the rotation locus drawn by the outermost peripheral part of the cutting edge formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tool appears as the groove width of the workpiece.
Therefore, when it is desired to change the groove width of the workpiece or when a groove having a different width is to be processed, it is necessary to replace the cutting tool. Such a tool change, of course, requires manual time as well as a tool changer, causing a reduction in work efficiency.

In addition, when processing a groove width larger than the outer peripheral diameter of the tool, the processing can be performed without changing the tool by repeating the groove processing twice or more. However, even in this case, a reduction in work efficiency is inevitable.
Furthermore, if the groove to be machined has a shape whose width dimension changes along the longitudinal direction of the groove, it is impossible to machine the same tool at once, and both sides that always define the width dimension. Two or more cuts along the inner surface were required.
Similarly, in an apparatus of a type in which the workpiece rotates with respect to the cutting tool, such as a horizontal boring machine, when machining a groove extending along the center of rotation of the workpiece, the inner surfaces on opposite sides in the groove are precisely As a result, the cross section of the groove becomes a fan shape instead of a rectangle. In particular, when the groove width is large with respect to the workpiece diameter, the fan shape becomes remarkable, and a groove having a normal rectangular cross section cannot be formed.

  As described above, depending on the processing content, there may be a case where multiple processing with the same cutting tool is required. Furthermore, since it cannot process with the same cutting tool, it may replace with a different cutting tool and may process several times. In such a case, a plurality of processings involving replacement of the cutting tool is inevitable.

For example, when narrow grooves are formed in two steps at the bottom of a wide groove, it is possible to process all with a cutting tool corresponding to the narrow grooves, but it is complicated and inefficient due to a large number of processing repetitions. . Therefore, firstly, a first-stage groove is formed with a large-diameter cutting tool corresponding to a wide groove width, and a second-stage groove is formed on the bottom surface with a small-diameter cutting tool corresponding to a narrow groove width. Is done. However, even in such a case, two times of grooving with tool change is necessary.
As another example in which tool change is required, when performing grinding or polishing with different surface finish accuracy, it is necessary to perform two processes by replacing two types of coarse and dense tools.
In this way, when machining under different conditions such as different widths and heights, different finishing accuracy, complex shapes, etc. is required, two or more machining operations were essential while exchanging multiple tools. .

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool, a machine tool, and a groove machining method capable of machining grooves having different widths.

The cutting tool of the present invention is a cutting tool that is mounted on a machine tool and performs grooving on a workpiece, and is connected to the machine tool, and is supported by the base and is rotatable about a rotor rotation axis. And a plurality of cutters supported by the rotor and rotatable about a cutter rotation axis parallel to the rotor rotation axis.
In the present invention, a plurality of cutters having the same specification may be used as the plurality of cutters, and some of the specifications (for example, dimensions such as diameter and height, shape, arrangement and orientation of cutting tools, processing accuracy, etc.) are different. A cutter may be used.
In the present invention, the cutter is not limited to cutting the workpiece, and widely includes means for performing processing by removing the material from the workpiece, such as polishing, grinding, or drilling.

According to the present invention, when a plurality of cutters having the same specifications are used, the plurality of cutters supported by the rotor are rotated, and the workpiece is cut with the blades on the respective sides, thereby performing grooving. Can do. At this time, the width of the groove cut into the workpiece can be changed depending on the angular position of the rotor.
For example, if there are two cutters installed on the rotor and the cutters are aligned in the direction of grooving, after one cutter cuts, the other cutter only passes through the formed groove. The width of the groove to be formed is the diameter dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the cutter which is the minimum width. On the other hand, in the state where the two cutters are aligned at right angles to the groove processing direction, the two cutters cut in parallel, and the maximum width groove connecting the outsides of the two cutters is processed. . Furthermore, when the rotor is in the middle of the two positions described above, the width connecting the outsides of the two cutters can be any intermediate dimension that is smaller than the aforementioned maximum width but greater than the aforementioned minimum width.
Thus, according to the present invention, the arrangement of the plurality of cutters can be changed depending on the rotational angle position of the rotor, and the width of the groove processing can be freely changed by this arrangement change.

On the other hand, when a plurality of cutters having different specifications are used, the cutter to be applied to the workpiece can be selected according to the rotational angle position of the rotor, and two machining operations involving tool change can be executed at a time. . Further, by using different cutters, a combination of a plurality of processing contents or a combination of a plurality of cross-sectional shapes can be handled by a single processing.
For example, in order to reduce the load on the tool, pregroove processing may be performed. In such a case, first, a narrow groove is first processed with a small diameter cutter, and then a large diameter along the narrow groove. By machining wide grooves with this cutter, machining can be completed without changing tools.
Alternatively, when narrow grooves are formed in two steps at the bottom of a wide groove, there is no tool change by combining a cutter with a small height cutter with a large height and a small cutter with a large height. Processing can be completed.

The cutting tool of the present invention preferably includes a rotor drive motor that rotates the rotor relative to the base, and a cutter drive motor that rotates the cutter relative to the rotor.
As such a rotor drive motor and cutter drive motor, an electric motor or a fluid pressure motor driven by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure can be used as appropriate.

  In the present invention, since the individual motors are used for the rotational drive of the rotor and cutter described above, the configuration can be simplified and the maintainability can be improved. In addition, since the cutter and rotor are driven independently, the rotor can be rotated even when the cutter is being rotated and the groove is being processed. It is also possible to change continuously.

  In the cutting tool of the present invention, the machine tool includes a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted at a tip, and a head that supports the spindle and rotationally drives the spindle about a central axis thereof. A generator connected to the head and connected to the spindle and generating electric power by rotation of the spindle is installed on the base, and the rotor driving motor and the cutter driving motor rotate using electric power generated by the generator as a power source. It can be set as the structure to do.

In the present invention, since the rotation of the spindle is used as a power source, external power supply wiring or the like is not required, and facilities around the cutting tool can be simplified.
In addition, when using a fluid pressure motor as a rotor drive motor and a cutter drive motor, you may install the pump which pressurizes the fluid instead of a generator. However, it is desirable to use an electric motor because rotation control and the like can be simplified.

  In the cutting tool of the present invention, the machine tool includes a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted at a tip, and a head that supports the spindle and rotationally drives the spindle about a central axis thereof. A power transmission mechanism connected to the head and connected to the spindle to transmit the rotation of the spindle to the rotor and the cutter may be installed on the base.

As such a power transmission mechanism, a gear mechanism that transmits the rotation of the spindle to the rotor and cutter in two systems is basically used, and a clutch mechanism that interrupts power transmission to each of the rotor and cutter is installed. Then, cutting may be performed by transmitting the rotation of the spindle to the cutter, and the arrangement of the cutter may be changed by transmitting the rotation of the spindle to the rotor. The rotor and the cutter are desirably provided with a brake mechanism that maintains the current position when there is no power transmission.
In the present invention, since the rotation of the spindle is used as a power source, external power supply wiring or the like is not required, and facilities around the cutting tool can be simplified.

A machine tool according to the present invention is a machine tool for performing grooving on a workpiece, and includes a table on which the workpiece is placed, and a cutting tool moved with respect to the table. And a rotor supported by the base and rotatable about a rotor rotation axis, and a plurality of cutters supported by the rotor and rotatable about a cutter rotation axis parallel to the rotor rotation axis. And
In the present invention as described above, the effects of the present invention described for the cutting tool described above can be obtained.

The groove processing method of the present invention is a groove processing method for processing a groove in a workpiece,
A cutting tool comprising: a base; a rotor that is instructed by the base and is rotatable about a rotor rotation axis; and a plurality of cutters that are supported by the rotor and are rotatable about a cutter rotation axis parallel to the rotor rotation axis. Use
Rotating the rotor with respect to the base to adjust the maximum width of the plurality of cutters in the width direction of the groove;
The plurality of cutters are rotated and moved in the continuous direction of the grooves to process the groove having the maximum width in the workpiece.
In the present invention, by adjusting the maximum width of the plurality of cutters by rotating the rotor, grooves having different widths can be processed without changing the same cutter.

  According to the present invention, the arrangement of a plurality of cutters can be changed depending on the rotational angle position of the rotor, and grooves having different widths can be machined into the workpiece by this arrangement change.

1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a bottom view which shows the said 1st Embodiment. It is a side view which shows roughly the internal structure of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the groove processing by the minimum width of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the groove process by the intermediate width of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the groove processing by the maximum width of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows groove processing, changing the groove width of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a side view which shows roughly the internal structure of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows roughly the internal structure of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the said 4th Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the groove processing by the said 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other groove processing by the said 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other groove processing by the said 4th Embodiment. It is a side view which shows 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows 6th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
1, the cutting tool 1 of the present invention has a shank 10, a base 20, a rotor 30 and a pair of cutters 40 as shown in FIG. 2, and a spindle 2 and a machine tool as shown in FIG. It is mounted on the head 3 that supports this to perform groove processing on the workpiece.

  The shank 10 includes a tapered shank 11 often used for a normal tool and a support portion 12 for automatic tool change. The shank 10 is connected to the spindle 2 by the tapered shank 11 and can rotate integrally with the spindle 2. The shank 10 has a shaft 13 that extends on the opposite side (downward in FIG. 3) from the tapered shank 11, and this shaft 13 is inserted into the base 20.

The base 20 has a flat cylindrical case 21 as a whole, and is rotatably supported by the shank 10 by a bearing or the like (not shown).
A holding portion 22 bulging in the radial direction is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the base 20. A frustoconical sub-shank 23 is formed in the holding portion 22, and the sub-shank 23 can be connected to an extension 3 </ b> A extending from the head 3. The base 20 is fixed to the head 3 by the connection between the extension 3 </ b> A and the sub-shank 23.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor 30 includes a cylindrical case 31 and is rotatably supported by the base 20 via a bearing 32 installed inside.
The rotation axis (rotor rotation axis AR) of the rotor 30 with respect to the base 20 is the same as the rotation axis AS of the spindle 2 and the rotation axis of the shaft 13 of the shank 10 described above.
The shaft 13 of the shank 10 described above extends through the base 20 into the rotor 30, and a flange 14 is fixed to the middle part thereof. The outer periphery of the flange 14 is fixed to the inside of the case 31, and the shank 10 is rotationally driven by the spindle 2, whereby the rotor 30 rotates integrally, and the rotation direction can be specified with respect to the head 3 and the base 20. Thereby, the rotation angle position of the rotor 30 can be controlled by the C-axis control (rotation angle control) of the spindle 2.

A pair of cutter drive motors 45 is installed on the opposite side of the rotor 30 from the base 20, and the same cutter 40 is attached to each of them.
The cutter driving motor 45 is an air motor driven by high-pressure air, and is connected to the end surface of the shaft 13 via a pipe 45A, and the spindle 2 via a passage 13A formed along the center of the shaft 13 or the shank 10. It is connected to the. Accordingly, by supplying high-pressure air from the spindle 2, the cutter driving motor 45 is driven and the cutter 40 rotates.

The cutter 40 has a plurality of blades 42 attached to the peripheral surface or end surface of the cylindrical holder 41, and can be grooved on the workpiece by the blades 42 by being rotationally driven by the cutter drive motor 45.
The rotating shaft AC of the cutter driving motor 45, that is, the rotating shaft of the cutter 40 is parallel to the rotor rotating shaft AR described above, and the pair of cutter rotating shafts AC are mutually opposite to the rotor rotating shaft AR. Arranged at a distance.

In the present embodiment, the air supply to the cutter drive motor 45 may be performed from a passage 23 </ b> A passing through the sub-shank 23.
In the present embodiment, a hydraulic motor may be used as the cutter driving motor 45. However, in this case, since a working oil recovery pipe or the like is required, it is desirable to use an air motor that can discharge to the atmosphere.
In the present embodiment, an electric motor may be used as the cutter driving motor 45. When an electric motor is used, a passage 23A passing through the sub-shank 23 can be used as a power supply wiring route.

  In the present embodiment, when the cutter drive motor 45 and the passage 13A are used as in the configuration of FIG. 3 described above, the sub-shank 23 and the passage 23A may be omitted, and the holding portion 22 bulging from the base 20 may be omitted. Can do. That is, the base 20 does not need to be fixed to the head 3, and the simplest configuration may be a configuration in which the rotor 30 is integrated with the shank 10. In such a case, it can be used after being exchanged in the same manner as a normal cutting tool.

In this embodiment, the cutter drive motor 45 is rotated by supplying high-pressure air from the spindle 2, and the groove machining for the workpiece using the cutter 40 can be performed. The rotational speed of the cutter 40 at that time is based on the supply state (pressure and flow rate) of high-pressure air from the spindle 2 and can be controlled from the machine tool side.
When performing the groove processing, by rotating the spindle 2 (C-axis control), the rotor 30 is rotated with respect to the base 20, whereby the alignment direction of the cutters 40 with respect to the grooves to be processed can be changed. The groove width to be processed can be adjusted depending on the direction.

4 to 6 show specific examples of the groove width adjustment when the grooves 5 are machined into the workpiece 4.
In each figure, a pair of cutters 40 is rotationally driven, for example, in the opposite direction around each cutter rotation axis AC to cut the workpiece 4. Further, the feed direction DM of the cutter 40 that is the continuous direction of the groove 5, the maximum outer diameter D of the cutter 40 alone, the arrangement direction DC of the pair of cutters 40, the minimum width W1, the intermediate width W2, and the maximum width W3 of the grooves 5 And

In FIG. 4, when the groove 5 has the minimum width W <b> 1, the pair of cutters 40 are rotated so that the arrangement direction DC of the cutters 40 is aligned with the direction DM of the grooves 5.
In this state, when viewed from the direction DM, the pair of cutters 40 overlap and the outermost distance is one maximum outer diameter D of the cutter 40.
Therefore, in this state, the cutter 40 is rotated to perform cutting, and the cutter 40 is sent in the direction DM, whereby the groove 5 having the minimum width W1 = the maximum outer diameter D is formed.

In FIG. 5, when the groove 5 has an intermediate width W2, the pair of cutters 40 are rotated to incline the arrangement direction DC of the cutters 40 with respect to the direction DM of the grooves 5 by an angle S2.
In this state, when viewed from the direction DM, the pair of cutters 40 are arranged, and the outermost distance is larger than one maximum outer diameter D of the cutters 40.
Therefore, in this state, the cutter 40 is rotated to perform cutting, and the cutter 40 is sent in the direction DM, whereby the groove 5 having a width W2> the maximum outer diameter D is formed.

In FIG. 6, when the groove 5 has the maximum width W <b> 3, the pair of cutters 40 are rotated so that the arrangement direction DC of the cutters 40 is perpendicular to the direction DM of the grooves 5.
In this state, when viewed from the direction DM, the pair of cutters 40 are arranged side by side, and the outermost distance is the sum of the maximum outer diameter D of the cutter 40 and the distance between the pair of cutter rotation axes.
Therefore, the groove 5 having the maximum width W3 is formed by feeding the cutter 40 in the direction DM while performing cutting by rotating the cutter 40 in this state.

  Since the cutting tool 1 of this embodiment can operate the rotor drive motor 39 and the cutter drive motor 49 simultaneously, it can process simultaneously, changing the arrangement direction DC of the cutter 40. FIG. By such processing, a groove whose width continuously changes can be processed.

In FIG. 7, the groove 5 is a tapered groove processed on the end face of the plate-like workpiece 4. Such a groove 5 can be easily machined with the cutting tool 1 of the present invention.
First, the slope S4 of the arrangement direction DC of the cutters 40 is adjusted so that the outermost distance between the pair of cutters 40 becomes the width W4. In this state, each cutter 40 is rotated and cut into the workpiece 4.
Subsequently, the cutting is advanced while changing the inclination of the arrangement direction DC of the cutter 40 in parallel with the cutting, and the inclination S5 of the arrangement direction DC is such that the outermost distance of the cutter 40 is the width W5 on the exit side of the workpiece 4. Adjust the rotation position until.

By proceeding with the cutting in parallel with the adjustment of the arrangement direction DC, the taper groove can be processed in one pass.
In FIG. 7, the pair of cutters 40 are arranged such that the arrangement direction DC is inclined with respect to the feed direction DM of the cutters 40, and the two cutters 40 are front and rear with respect to the feed direction DM. On the other hand, since the width of the tapered groove 5 changes along the feed direction DM, the width is different at each position where the cutter 40 is located. Therefore, in the feeding operation, it is preferable to make an offset OF in the width direction with respect to the feeding direction DM and correct the front and rear cutters 40 to accurately cut the inside of the groove 5.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 8, the cutting tool 1 </ b> A includes the shank 10, the base 20, the rotor 30, and the cutter 40 similar to those of the first embodiment described above. These common configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals for the sake of brevity, and redundant description is omitted.
In the present embodiment, the internal configurations for operating the rotor 30 and the cutter 40 are different.

The shaft 13 of the shank 10 extends through the base 20 into the rotor 30, and a flange 14 is fixed to the middle portion thereof.
A clutch plate 34 is installed inside the case 31 of the rotor 30 via a solenoid 33. The clutch plate 34 is opposed to the flange 14, and usually has a gap between the clutch 14. However, when the solenoid 33 is operated, the clutch plate 34 is urged toward the flange 14 and is pressed against the flange 14. In a state where the flange 14 and the clutch plate 34 are in pressure contact, the rotation of the shaft 13 is transmitted to the rotor 30, and the rotation of the spindle 2 relative to the head 3 causes the rotor 30 to rotate relative to the base 20.

  Other springs or the like may be used so that the clutch plate 34 is reliably separated from the flange 14 when the solenoid 33 is released. Further, if the clutch plate 34 separated from the flange 14 is configured to come into contact with a part of the base 20, a brake function that prevents the rotor 30 from rotating with respect to the base 20 can be provided.

  The pair of cutters 40 are respectively supported by a shaft 43 that is pivotally supported on the end face of the rotor 30, and the shaft 43 is engaged with the shaft 13 via a gear mechanism 44. Therefore, when the clutch plate 34 is separated from the flange 14 and the rotor 30 does not rotate, the pair of cutters 40 is rotationally driven by the rotation of the shaft 13, that is, the rotation of the spindle 2, and the workpiece can be cut.

According to this embodiment as well, the pair of cutters 40 can be driven to rotate, and the arrangement direction DC (see FIGS. 4 to 6) of the pair of cutters 40 can be adjusted by the rotation of the rotor 30. The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
However, since the rotation of the spindle 2 is switched by the clutch plate 34 as a power source for the cutter 40 and the rotor 30, the cutter 40 and the rotor 30 cannot be operated at the same time. Therefore, the operation of FIG. 7 is performed. For this, processing such as frequent switching of the clutch plate 34 is required.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 9, the cutting tool 1B includes the shank 10, the base 20, the rotor 30, and the cutter 40 similar to those in the first embodiment described above. These common configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals for the sake of brevity, and redundant description is omitted.
In the present embodiment, the internal configurations for operating the rotor 30 and the cutter 40 are different.

The rotor 30 has a cylindrical case 31 and is rotatably supported by the base 20 via a bearing 32 installed inside.
A rotor drive motor 39 is installed inside the case 31 of the rotor 30, and an internal gear 24 is installed inside the case 21 of the base 20. A pinion (not shown) is mounted on the shaft of the rotor drive motor 39, and this pinion is meshed with the internal gear 24. The rotor 30 is rotated with respect to the base 20 by the rotation of the rotor drive motor 39 according to a command from the controller 29. Is rotated.
A rotation axis (rotor rotation axis AR) of the rotor 30 with respect to the base 20 is the same as the rotation axis AS of the spindle 2 and the rotation axis of the shaft 13 of the shank 10 described above.

A pair of cutter drive motors 49 is installed on the opposite side of the rotor 30 from the base 20, and the same cutter 40 is mounted on each of them.
The pair of cutter drive motors 49 are controlled by the controller 29. The controller 29 is installed in the holding unit 22. Corresponding wiring connectors (not shown) are respectively installed in the sub-shanks 23 and the extension portions 3A, and the connectors of the extensions 3A and the sub-shanks 23 are connected to the controller 29 from the head 3 side. Electrical connections such as control signals can be obtained.

According to this embodiment as well, the pair of cutters 40 can be driven to rotate, and the arrangement direction DC (see FIGS. 4 to 6) of the pair of cutters 40 can be adjusted by the rotation of the rotor 30. The same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.
In particular, since the power sources of the cutter 40 and the rotor 30 are independent electric cutter driving motor 49 and rotor driving motor 39, the simultaneous operation of the cutter 40 and the rotor 30 as shown in FIG. 7 can be freely performed. .
In the present embodiment, power supply to the electric cutter drive motor 49 and the rotor drive motor 39 may be obtained from the head 3 via the sub-shank 23 and the extension 3A. Electric power may be used.

In FIG. 9, a generator 19 is installed inside the base 20, and a rotor of the generator 19 is connected to the shaft 13. As described above, the base 20 is fixed to the head 3, and when the spindle 2 rotates, the rotor of the generator 19 is driven by the spindle 2, thereby generating electric power using the driving force of the spindle 2. .
The electric power generated by the generator 19 may be used as a power source for the rotor drive motor 39 and the cutter drive motor 49 described above, and the operation may be controlled by the controller 29.
In addition, in order to stabilize electric power, a secondary battery that stores generated electric power may be used together. Moreover, you may adjust the rotational speed of the generator 19 and the spindle 2 according to an electric power load.

[Other Embodiments]
In this embodiment, the transmission path from the shaft 13 to the cutter 40 is always meshed, and the cutter 40 is rotated when the rotor 30 is rotated by the clutch plate 34. However, there is no practical problem. Alternatively, the gear mechanism 44 and the like may be provided with a mechanism for releasing the engagement and other clutch mechanisms so that the cutter 40 does not rotate when the rotor 30 is rotated.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications and the like within a scope in which the object of the present invention can be achieved are included in the present invention.
In the above embodiment, two cutters are used, but three or more cutters may be used. The three or more cutters can be appropriately arranged, such as an arrangement in which a plurality are arranged in a line or a V-shaped arrangement.
In the present invention, the cutter is not limited to cutting the workpiece, and widely includes means for performing processing by removing the material from the workpiece, such as polishing, grinding, or drilling.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, the two cutters 40 are the same, but one may have a large diameter and the other may have a small diameter. In such a case, the groove width when the arrangement direction DC is the feed direction DM is the diameter of the large cutter. However, by cutting the small diameter cutter forward of the feed direction DM, the small-diameter groove is cut first. Can be performed, followed by expansion into a large-diameter groove, which is effective when applied to materials with low machinability.

Similarly, one of the two cutters 40 may have a large axial height and the other has a small height. With such a configuration, it is possible to perform two-stage cutting with respect to the depth of the groove. Furthermore, you may use the cutter from which both height and a diameter differ.

[Fourth Embodiment]
10 to 14 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In the first to third embodiments described above, the two cutters 40 have the same specifications. On the other hand, in this embodiment, cutters 40A and 40B having different specifications are used.
10 and 11, the cutters 40A and 40B of the present embodiment have one cutter 40A having a relatively small diameter (outer diameter D1) and a relatively large axial length (height) (length L1). On the other hand, the other cutter 40B has a relatively large diameter (outer diameter D2> D1) and a relatively small axial length (height) (length L2 <L1).
The difference in these dimensions in the cutters 40A and 40B of the present embodiment is basically the difference in the holders 41A and 41B, and the blades 42 attached to these are the same.

  The cutting tool 1 to which these cutters 40A and 40B are attached is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the cutter portion, and the same reference numerals are used for the same portions, and redundant description is omitted. In the present embodiment, the cutters 40A and 40B may be mounted in the same configuration as the cutting tool 1A of the second embodiment or the cutting tool 1B of the third embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the front groove processing (see FIG. 12) can be performed by the small-diameter cutter 40A, and a two-step groove (see FIGS. 13 and 14) in which a narrow groove is formed on the bottom surface. It can be performed.
In FIG. 12, when performing the leading groove processing, first, the rotor 30 is rotated so that the arrangement of the cutters 40A and 40B is aligned with the continuous direction of the grooves (from left to right in FIG. 12). Cut 5A. Furthermore, a wide groove 5B is formed by the following cutter 40B.
By such processing, a wide groove 5B can be processed in the workpiece 4, and the processing of the preceding narrow groove 5A can be performed in the same operation, so that the conventional tool change and two repeated processings can be performed. It becomes unnecessary and can be expected to improve work efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the direction in which the cutters 40A and 40B are arranged can be selected by rotating the rotor 30, and the groove in the workpiece 4 can be appropriately handled in any direction.

When forming the two-stage groove, the rotor 30 is rotated in accordance with the continuous direction of the groove, and the rotational angle position of the rotor 30 is adjusted according to the cross-sectional shape of the groove.
As shown in FIG. 13, when there is a narrow groove 5A in the middle of the bottom surface of the wide groove 5B, the alignment direction of the cutters 40A and 40B may be aligned with the continuous direction of the grooves. In this state, the workpiece 4 is cut and advanced by the cutters 40A and 40B, whereby the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 13 is processed.
As shown in FIG. 14, when there is a narrow groove 5A along one side wall of the wide groove 5B, the alignment direction of the cutters 40A and 40B is inclined with respect to the continuous direction of the grooves, and the outer diameters of the cutters 40A and 40B are What is necessary is just to make it align in the continuous direction of a groove | channel. In this state, the workpiece 4 is cut and advanced by the cutters 40A and 40B, whereby the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 14 is processed.

  13 and 14, the depth of the wide groove 5B is determined by the relative positions of the cutters 40A and 40B with respect to the workpiece 4. On the other hand, the depth of the narrow groove 5A (from the bottom surface of the wide groove 5B) is fixed to the difference between the lengths of the cutters 40A and 40B (L1-L2). When it is desired to change the depth of the narrow groove 5A, it can be dealt with by appropriately changing the lengths of the cutters 40A and 40B.

[Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 15 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In the first to fourth embodiments described above, two identical cutters 40 or cutters 40A and 40B having different specifications are used, each of which is equipped with a blade 42 and performs rotary cutting. On the other hand, in this embodiment, polishing tools 40C and 40D are used as cutters.
In FIG. 15, the polishing tools 40 </ b> C and 40 </ b> D are rotationally driven by a cutter drive motor 49 (see FIG. 1) installed on the rotor 30. The rotor 30 is a part of the cutting tools 1, 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B described in the first to third embodiments described above, and a description thereof is omitted.

The polishing tools 40C and 40D have a holder 41 similar to that in the first embodiment, and have abrasives 42C and 42D stretched on their end faces. The abrasive 42C is made relatively rough, and the polishing tool 40C on which the abrasive 42C is stretched is used for rough polishing. The abrasive 42D is relatively dense, and the polishing tool 40D on which the abrasive 42D is stretched is used for precision finishing.
In the present embodiment, rough polishing and precision finishing can be switched by rotating the rotor 30 and selecting the polishing tools 40C and 40D to be applied to the workpiece. Processing can be performed.
In this embodiment, the polishing tools 40C and 40D that perform end surface polishing are used. However, side polishing may be performed.

[Sixth Embodiment]
FIG. 16 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
In the first to fourth embodiments described above, two identical cutters 40 or cutters 40A and 40B having different specifications are used to perform side surface cutting or end surface cutting, respectively. It was a so-called milling cutter. On the other hand, in this embodiment, end mills 40E and 40F are used as cutters.
In FIG. 16, end mills 40 </ b> E and 40 </ b> F are rotationally driven by cutter drive motors 45 and 49 (see FIGS. 3 and 9) installed on the rotor 30. The rotor 30 is a part of the cutting tools 1, 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B described in the first to third embodiments described above, and a description thereof is omitted.

The end mills 40E and 40F have the same holders 41F and 41E as in the first embodiment, and end mill blades 42E and 42F are fixed to the respective holders. In the present embodiment, a straight end mill having a flat tip as shown in FIG. 16 is employed, but a ball end mill having a hemispherical tip may be used.
In this embodiment, the end mill blade 42E has a relatively small diameter, and the end mill 40E to which the blade 42E is fixed is used for precision machining. The end mill blade 42F has a relatively large diameter, and the end mill 40F to which the blade 42F is fixed is used for roughing.
In this embodiment, the end mills 40E and 40F that are applied to the workpiece are selected by rotating the rotor 30 so that the density of the end mill can be switched, and a plurality of processes are performed without changing tools. be able to.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a cutting tool that is mounted on a machine tool and cuts a groove in a workpiece, a machine tool that cuts a groove in a workpiece, and a groove processing method.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A, 1B ... Cutting tool 2 ... Spindle 3 ... Head 3A ... Extension part 4 ... Workpiece | work 5, 5A, 5B ... Groove 10 ... Shank 11 ... Tapered shank 12 ... Support part 13 ... Shaft 14 ... Flange 19 ... Generator 20 ... base 21 ... case 22 ... holding part 23 ... sub shank 24 ... internal gear 29 ... controller 30 ... rotor 31 ... case 32 ... bearing 33 ... solenoid 34 ... clutch plate 39 ... rotor drive motors 40, 40A, 40B ... cutter 40C, 40D: Polishing tools 40E, 40F as cutters: End mills 41, 41A, 41B, 41E, 41F as cutters 42: 42E, 42F ... Blades 42C, 42D ... Abrasives 43 ... Shaft 44 ... Gear mechanisms 45, 49 ... Cutter drive motor AR ... Rotor rotation axis AS ... Spindle rotation axis D ... Maximum outer diameter DC Arrangement direction DM ... feeding direction OF ... offset S2 ... angle W1 ... minimum width W2 ... intermediate width W3 ... maximum width W4, W5 ... Width

Claims (6)

A cutting tool mounted on a machine tool for grooving a workpiece,
A base connected to the machine tool; a rotor supported by the base and rotatable about a rotor rotation axis; and a plurality of rotors supported by the rotor and rotatable about a cutter rotation axis parallel to the rotor rotation axis. A cutting tool comprising: a cutter. The cutting tool according to claim 1,
A cutting tool comprising: a rotor drive motor that rotates the rotor relative to the base; and a cutter drive motor that rotates the cutter relative to the rotor. In the cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2,
The machine tool has a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted at a tip, and a head that supports the spindle and rotationally drives the spindle around its central axis,
The base is connected to the head;
The base is provided with a generator that is connected to the spindle and generates electric power by rotation of the spindle,
The rotor driving motor and the cutter driving motor rotate using electric power generated by the generator as a power source. In the cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The machine tool has a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted at a tip, and a head that supports the spindle and rotationally drives the spindle around its central axis,
The base is connected to the head;
The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a power transmission mechanism connected to the spindle and transmitting the rotation of the spindle to the rotor or the cutter is installed on the base.   A machine tool for grooving a workpiece, comprising: a table on which the workpiece is placed; and a cutting tool moved relative to the table. The cutting tool is supported by the base and the base. And a plurality of cutters supported by the rotor and rotatable about a cutter rotation axis parallel to the rotor rotation axis. A groove machining method for machining a groove in a workpiece,
A cutting tool comprising: a base; a rotor that is instructed by the base and is rotatable about a rotor rotation axis; and a plurality of cutters that are supported by the rotor and are rotatable about a cutter rotation axis parallel to the rotor rotation axis. Use
Rotating the rotor with respect to the base to adjust the maximum width of the plurality of cutters in the width direction of the groove;
A groove processing method, wherein the plurality of cutters are moved in the continuous direction of the grooves while rotating to process the groove having the maximum width on the workpiece.

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