JP2012197952A - Hearth structure, and combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hearth structure and a combustion furnace, in which ash produced accompanying the combustion of fuel including an organic flammable material such as a biomass fuel is effectively discharged while continuing the combustion and the continuous operation is carried out.SOLUTION: The hearth structure H1 mounted on the bottom part of the combustion furnace 1 is provided with: a screw conveyer 6 for supplying woody chips of the fuel to the combustion furnace 4; a receiver 7 having a cylinder part 72 through which the screw conveyer 6 is inserted and a receiving surface 71; an annular receiver 8 supporting the receiver 7 with the upper side surface and having a rack 72 in the lower side surface which is driven by a pinion 30; an annular groove 10 provided on the outside diameter side of the annular receiver 8 in the plane view; a scraper 9 attached to the outer edge part of the annular receiver 8 to freely rock and fitted to the inside of the annular groove 10 to be driven along the annular groove 10; and a discharge pipe 11 provided on the bottom surface of the annular groove 10 and connected to an opening 11a. The ash or incombustible produced by the combustion of fuel, falls down on the annular groove 10, is collected by the scraper 9, and is discharged to the outside through the discharge pipe 11.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hearth structure suitable for burning organic combustible materials such as wood chips and wood pellets, and a combustion furnace including the same.

  Conventionally, a combustion furnace for burning biomass fuel such as wood chips and wood pellets has been used as a heat source for boilers and the like. As such a combustion furnace, a lower cylindrical primary combustion chamber communicates with an upper cylindrical secondary combustion chamber, and combustion air is supplied to each combustion chamber from the tangential direction of the outer periphery. There is one configured to form a swirling flow of combustion air in the second combustion chamber (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this combustion furnace, biomass fuel introduced from the side of the first combustion chamber is supported at the bottom of the first combustion chamber, and the combustion gas generated along with the combustion of the biomass fuel is primarily converted by a swirling flow of combustion air. It is configured to oxidize and completely burn in the process of sending from the combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber. A receiving net that supports the biomass fuel is provided at the bottom of the primary combustion chamber, and ash generated as the biomass fuel burns can be collected through the receiving net.

Japanese Patent No. 3081612

  Since biomass fuel contains various incombustibles, the amount of ash produced with combustion is large. Therefore, the conventional combustion furnace has a problem that the receiving net provided at the bottom of the first combustion chamber is easily clogged with ash, and ash is likely to accumulate at the bottom of the first combustion chamber. That is, in the conventional combustion furnace, it is necessary to periodically remove the ash generated with the combustion of the biomass fuel, and it is necessary to interrupt the combustion for the ash removal operation. Therefore, the conventional combustion furnace has a problem that it is difficult to continuously burn biomass fuel.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hearth structure and combustion capable of continuously discharging ash generated as a result of burning a fuel containing an organic combustible material such as biomass fuel and capable of continuous operation. To provide a furnace.

In order to solve the above problems, the hearth structure of the present invention is:
Supply means for supplying a fuel containing an organic combustible, and surrounding the supply means, receiving the fuel supplied from the supply means and the solid matter generated by the combustion of the fuel, A receiving means having an air outlet;
A driving force transmitting means for driving the receiving means to rotate by transmitting a driving force to the receiving means;
A collecting means connected to the outer edge of the driving force transmitting means, driven around a common rotation axis with the receiving means, and collecting the solid matter;
And a discharge port formed in the drive path of the collecting means for discharging the solid matter.

  According to the above configuration, the fuel containing the organic combustible material is supplied by the supply means, and the fuel supplied from the supply means and the solid matter generated by the combustion of the fuel are arranged so as to surround the supply means. It can be received by the receiving means The fuel received by the receiving means is combusted by the combustion air blown out from the outlet of the receiving means. Further, the receiving means is driven to rotate by the driving force transmitting means, and the solid matter is guided to the outside of the receiving means by the wind force of the combustion air blown out from the outlet. This solid matter is collected by a collecting means connected to the outer edge of the driving force transmitting means and driven around a rotation axis common to the receiving means. The solid matter collected by the collecting means is discharged from a discharge port formed in the drive path of the collecting means. In this way, fuel that contains organic combustibles and produces a large amount of ash and incombustibles with combustion can be efficiently burned by the effective supply of combustion air, and solids containing ash and incombustibles Can be effectively collected and discharged while fuel combustion continues. Therefore, the combustion furnace provided with this hearth structure can be continuously operated by continuously burning the fuel containing the organic combustible material.

  The hearth structure according to an embodiment includes the receiving means having a cylindrical portion inserted through the supply means and a bowl-shaped receiving surface inclined toward the cylindrical portion, and at least an outer diameter portion of the receiving surface. The above-mentioned air outlet is formed.

  According to the above embodiment, the fuel supplied from the supply means inserted through the cylindrical portion of the receiving means is received by the receiving surface, and the fuel received by the receiving surface is efficiently used by the combustion air blown from the outlet. Burns. Moreover, the solid substance produced | generated with the combustion of the fuel is moved to the outer diameter side effectively by the wind force of the combustion air blown out from the blower outlet formed in the outer diameter part of the said receiving surface. Therefore, fuel can be burned efficiently, and solids such as ash and incombustibles can be effectively discharged while continuing combustion.

  In the hearth structure of one embodiment, a second outlet for supplying combustion air is formed between the supply means and the cylindrical portion of the receiving means.

  According to the above embodiment, the combustion air can be effectively supplied to the fuel supplied from the supply means, and the fuel can be efficiently burned.

  The hearth structure according to an embodiment includes: the driving force transmitting means includes an annular member on which the receiving means is placed; and a rack provided on the opposite side of the annular member on which the receiving means is placed. Have

  According to the above embodiment, when the receiving means is placed on the annular member, a driving force is input to the rack of the annular member via the pinion, so that the annular member is rotationally driven around the central axis. Thereby, the receiving means can be driven to rotate.

  In the hearth structure of one embodiment, in the annular member of the driving force transmitting means, the surface on which the receiving means is placed functions as a second receiving surface that receives the fuel and / or solid matter. .

  According to the above-described embodiment, the surface on which the receiving means of the annular member of the driving force transmitting means is placed can receive fuel and / or solid matter from the receiving means and the supplying means, thereby promoting fuel combustion. The solid matter such as ash and incombustible material generated by the combustion of the fuel can be held until the solid matter is discharged from the discharge port to buffer the discharge load of the solid matter.

The hearth structure of one embodiment includes an air chamber for supplying combustion air to the outlet of the receiving means,
The driving force transmitting means is rotatably supported on the upper end of the wall member that defines the air chamber.

  According to the above embodiment, the driving power transmission means is rotatably supported on the upper end of the wall member of the air chamber that supplies the combustion air to the outlet of the receiving means, so that the receiving power is received on the driving power transmission means. By placing the means, an air chamber can be arranged below the receiving means, and the downsizing of the hearth structure can be achieved.

  In the hearth structure according to one embodiment, the collecting means is attached to a swinging shaft that is fixed to the outer edge of the driving force transmitting means by extending radially outward, and is swingably attached to the swinging shaft. A plate-like body.

  According to the above embodiment, the plate-like body attached to the swinging shaft fixed to the driving force transmitting means is swingable about the swinging shaft around the central axis of the driving force transmitting means. Driven by rotation. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the biting of the solid matter between the plate-like body and the surface on which the plate-like body collects the solid matter.

The hearth structure of one embodiment includes an annular groove that is located on the outer diameter side of the receiving means in a plan view and is provided with the discharge port on the bottom surface.
The collecting means is formed to be driven along the groove in a state where the collecting means is fitted in the groove.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the solid matter generated with the combustion of the fuel is collected in the groove on the outer diameter side of the receiving means. When the collecting means fitted in the groove is driven along the groove, the solid matter can be efficiently discharged from the discharge port on the bottom surface of the groove.

  The combustion furnace of the present invention includes a combustion chamber provided with the hearth structure.

  According to the above configuration, the fuel containing the organic combustible material is supplied to the combustion chamber by the supply means, and the fuel supplied from the supply means and the solid matter generated by the combustion of the fuel are received by the receiving means. The fuel is efficiently burned with the combustion air blown out from the outlet of the receiving means. Further, the solid matter is guided to the outside of the receiving means by the operation of the receiving means rotated by the driving force transmitting means and the wind force of the combustion air blown out from the outlet, and is collected by the collecting means, and is discharged from the outlet. Discharged. In this way, this combustion furnace can efficiently burn the fuel containing organic combustibles and generating a lot of ash and incombustible materials with combustion, and solid matter containing ash and incombustible materials can be burned with fuel. Can be collected and discharged effectively while continuing. Therefore, for example, a combustion furnace capable of continuous operation in which a fuel containing an organic combustible material such as biomass fuel is continuously burned is obtained.

  In the combustion furnace of one embodiment, the fuel includes at least one of an agricultural material, an aquatic material, a livestock material, a food material, a wood material, and a resin material.

  According to the above embodiment, the fuel containing at least one of agricultural material, marine material, livestock material, food material, wood material, resin material, and organic sludge is accompanied by combustion. Solids such as ash and incombustibles are likely to remain, but the solids can be effectively discharged to the outside while continuing the combustion of fuel by the hearth structure of the combustion furnace of the present embodiment. Therefore, a combustion furnace capable of continuous operation in which fuel is continuously burned is obtained. Here, the agricultural materials include, for example, surplus crops of agricultural products, various weeds or trees that have been cut down, various cereal shells such as rice husks, palms, bacus, jatroba, cotton stalks and other crop stalks, harvest residues, and Agricultural waste such as plastic greenhouses and firewood sheets. In addition, scallops, squid goro, starfish, fishery processing residues, deposits, and waste materials for fisheries such as fish nets and floats are applicable to marine products. The livestock material includes, for example, livestock feces, animal meat residues, animal bones, hoof horns, and the like. In addition, food-based materials include okara, sake lees, beer lees, squeezed fruits such as mandarin oranges, food processing residues, cooking scraps, leftovers, and expired foods. In addition, wood-based materials include timber ends, pruning waste, thinned wood, and building waste. Moreover, plastic waste, rubber waste, etc. correspond to a resin material.

  In one embodiment, the fuel includes at least one of wood chips, wood pellets, coal, RPF, RDF, plastic waste, rubber waste, and organic sludge.

According to the above embodiment, wood chips, wood pellets, coal, RPF (Refuse
Efficient combustion of fuel containing at least one of Paper & Plastic Fuel (Waste Paper and Waste Plastic Fuel), RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel), Plastic Scrap, Rubber Scrap, and Organic Sludge In addition, the ash and non-combustible materials generated by burning them can be effectively collected and discharged while continuing combustion. Therefore, a combustion furnace capable of efficiently burning the fuel and continuing operation can be obtained. Organic sludge includes sewage sludge, paper sludge, bill pit sludge, and the like.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the combustion furnace of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the hearth structure of the combustion furnace of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the fuel hopper connected to the combustion furnace of 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the hearth structure of the combustion furnace of 1st Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which expands and shows a part of hearth structure of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the hearth structure of the combustion furnace of 2nd Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which expands and shows a part of hearth structure of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the hearth structure of the combustion furnace of 3rd Embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional view which expands and shows a part of hearth structure of 3rd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a combustion furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The combustion furnace 1 uses wood chips, which are organic combustible materials, as a fuel, and is used as a heat source for thermal equipment such as a boiler. This combustion furnace 1 has a cylindrical inner wall 3 formed using a heat insulating material in a cylindrical upper casing 2, a cylindrical combustion chamber 4 is formed in the inner wall 3, and the upper casing A cylindrical annular upper air chamber 5 is formed between the inner wall 3 and the inner wall 3. The bottom of the cylindrical combustion chamber 4 is provided with a hearth structure H1 that supplies fuel to the combustion chamber 4 and discharges ash and incombustibles as solids generated by the combustion of the fuel to the outside. ing.

  The upper casing 2 has a combustion air introduction port 2a extending in a tangential direction of the side surface in a plan view at the top of the side surface, and the combustion air is guided to the introduction port 2a by a blower (not shown) as indicated by an arrow A1. In addition, the combustion air is configured to flow in a swirling manner into the cylindrical upper air chamber 5. The inner wall 3 is provided with first side air supply holes 3 a for supplying combustion air to the lower part of the combustion chamber 4. This 1st side surface air supply hole 3a is formed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall 3 at equal intervals, and between the receiving surface blower outlet 73 and the 2nd bottom part blower outlet 76 of the saucer 7 of the hearth structure H1 mentioned later By the cooperation, a swirling flow of combustion air is formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber 4. A second side intake hole 3b for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber 4 is provided at a position closer to the upper side than the center in the height direction of the inner wall. The second side air supply holes 3 b are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner wall 3, and further add swirling combustion air to the combustion air that is formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 and rises. Thereby, the swirl | flow of combustion air is stably formed from the center part of the height direction of the combustion chamber 4 to the upper part. The upper part of the combustion chamber 4 is connected to a hot air duct 41 that extends to the back side of the page and guides the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 4. The hot air duct 41 may be configured to be connected to a heat exchanger (not shown) to exchange heat with the combustion gas, or may be configured to be connected to a second combustion chamber to which combustion air is further supplied. Can do.

  A hearth structure H1 provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 includes a screw conveyor 6 as supply means, a receiving tray 7 as receiving means, an annular receiving tray 8 as driving force transmitting means, and a scraper 9 as collecting means. The annular groove 10, the discharge pipe 11, and the air chambers 14 and 15 are roughly configured.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the hearth structure H1. The hearth structure H1 has components housed in a lower casing 13 fixed to the lower end of the upper casing 2. The lower casing 13 has a bottomed cylindrical casing body 13a, a flange 13b connected to the upper end of the casing body 13a, and an air supply port 13c provided on the bottom surface of the casing body 13a to which combustion air is supplied. A first lower air chamber 14 into which the combustion air supplied through the air supply port 13 c flows into the casing 13, and a combustion air from the first lower air chamber 14 into the receiving surface outlet 73 and the bottom center of the tray 7. It has the 2nd lower air chamber 15 which supplies combustion air to the blower outlet 76. FIG. The first lower air chamber 14 is defined by a cylindrical first side wall 28 erected on the bottom surface of the casing body 13 a and a disk-shaped partition plate 27 fixed to the upper end of the first side wall 28. The second lower air chamber 15 is placed on the partition plate 27, a cylindrical second side wall 25 standing on the partition plate 27, and a rolling element 26 on the second side wall 25. An annular tray 8 and a tray 7 are defined. In the partition plate 27, circulation holes 27 a for supplying combustion air from the first lower air chamber 14 to the second lower air chamber 15 are arranged on a circle concentric with the disk-shaped partition plate 27. The supply conveyor 62 of the screw conveyor 6 passes through the first and second lower air chambers 14 and 15 at the center. The tray 7, the annular tray 8, the supply conveyor 62, the first and second lower air chambers 14 and 15, and the first and second side walls 28 and 25 are arranged so that their central axes coincide. Yes. In the lower casing 13, a bowl-shaped member is fixed at substantially the same height as the upper end edge of the second side wall 25 along the inner peripheral surface of the side wall portion of the casing body 13 a, and inside the bowl-shaped member, An annular groove 10 is formed. A discharge pipe 11 extending to the outside of the casing 13 communicates with the annular groove 10, and an opening 11 a serving as a discharge port continuous with the discharge pipe 11 is formed on the bottom surface of the annular groove 10. A rotary valve 12 is interposed in the discharge pipe 11.

  The screw conveyor 6 includes a transport conveyor 61 that transports fuel from the fuel hopper 21 side, and a supply conveyor 62 that is connected to the transport conveyor 61 and supplies fuel to the bottom of the combustion chamber 4. The conveyor 61 includes a cylindrical casing 61a, a drive shaft 61b disposed coaxially with the casing 61a, a screw 61c fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft 61b, and a drive motor 63 connected to the drive shaft 61b. Has been. The supply conveyor 62 includes a cylindrical casing 62a, a drive shaft 62b disposed coaxially with the casing 62a, a screw 62c fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft 62b, and a drive motor 64 coupled to the drive shaft 62b. It consists of

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the fuel hopper 21 connected to the combustion furnace 1. The fuel hopper 21 stores the wood chips 20 of fuel, and supplies the wood chips 20 in an amount corresponding to the combustion state to the combustion furnace 1, and the wood chips 20 to prevent the agglomeration of the wood chips 20. A stirring blade 22 for stirring is incorporated. At the lower end of the fuel hopper 21, a cutting screw 23 that cuts out a wood chip and discharges it toward the combustion furnace 1 is provided. The cutting screw 23 is provided at the lower end of the fuel hopper 21, and a cylindrical casing 23 a whose upper part is opened inside the fuel hopper 21 and extends in the horizontal direction, and a drive shaft disposed on a concentric shaft with the casing 23 a. 23b and a screw 23c fixed to the outer periphery of the drive shaft 23b. The cutting screw 23 is rotationally driven by a drive motor 25 connected to the drive shaft 23 b and performs a fuel cutting operation from the fuel hopper 21. The leading end of the cutting screw 23 in the cutting direction is connected to the upper end of a connecting pipe 27 that extends vertically and is provided with a rotary valve 26, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 27 is connected to the transport conveyor 61. The stirring blade 22 is attached to the lower side of the center of the fuel hopper 21 in the height direction so as to be rotatable in parallel with the cutting screw 23. The stirring blade 22 includes a drive shaft 22a that is rotatably supported on the side wall of the fuel hopper 21, and a blade body 22b that is fixed to the drive shaft 22a. A pulley 22c is fixed to one end of the drive shaft 22b of the stirring blade 22, and the stirring blade 22 is connected via a belt 24 wound around the pulley 23d fixed to the drive shaft 23b of the cutting screw 23. A rotational force is transmitted to the drive shaft 22a. That is, the drive motor 25 connected to the cutting screw 23 is configured to drive the cutting screw 23 and the stirring blade 22.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the hearth structure H1, and FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing in detail the upper radial portion of the hearth structure H1.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the tray 7 is formed of a cylindrical portion 72 that is inserted into the supply conveyor 62 and a bowl-shaped receiving surface 71 that is inclined toward the cylindrical portion 72. The receiving surface 71 of the receiving tray 7 is formed with a receiving surface air outlet 73 formed by a through-hole, through which the combustion air supplied from the second lower air chamber 15 is blown out. In the combustion furnace 1 of the present embodiment, the wood chip is used as fuel, and the receiving surface outlet 73 is formed on substantially the entire surface of the receiving surface 71. However, the fuel is made of a fusible material such as plastic such as RPF. When including, it is preferable to form the receiving surface outlet 73 only in the outer diameter part of the receiving surface 71, and to make the inner diameter part of the receiving surface 71 non-porous. Thereby, the fusible substance contained in the fuel can be stored in the inner diameter portion of the receiving surface 71 and combustion can be effectively promoted. A clearance communicating with the second lower air chamber 15 is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 72 of the tray 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the casing 62a of the supply conveyor 62, and this clearance is the bottom central outlet. 76 is configured. The bottom center outlet 76 supplies the combustion air guided from the second lower air chamber 15 to the center of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 4, thereby increasing the air fuel ratio and promoting fuel combustion. In addition, combustion air is supplied to the fuel immediately after being discharged from the supply conveyor 62 to promote fuel combustion. In addition, you may provide the cyclic | annular protrusion which fits with the cyclic | annular receptacle 8 in the lower surface of the receptacle 7.

  The annular receiving tray 8 supports the receiving tray 7 on the upper side and supports the scraper 9 on the outer edge, and a rotational driving force is input to the lower side. The annular tray 8 has an annular shape that is concentric with the supply conveyor 62 and the tray 8 in plan view, and an annular tray body 81 that has a flat upper surface, and a rack 82 that is annularly arranged on the lower surface of the annular tray body 81. And an outer edge protrusion 84 that is formed along the outer edge of the upper side surface of the annular tray body 81 and protrudes upward from the flat portion of the upper side surface. On the outer peripheral surface of the annular tray body 81, screw holes into which the swing shaft 91 of the scraper 9 is screwed are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A retainer 83 that holds the rolling element 26 is fixed to the lower surface of the annular tray body 81. The rolling elements 26 are formed of steel balls and are accommodated between the raceway surface formed at the upper end of the second side wall 25 and the raceway surface of the cage 83. The cage 83, the rolling element 26, and the upper end of the second side wall 25 constitute a bearing. A rack 82 provided on the lower surface of the annular tray body 81 meshes with a pinion 30 that is rotationally driven by a drive motor 31 disposed outside the lower casing 13. The rotational force of the drive motor 31 is transmitted to the rack 82 through the pinion 30 so that the annular tray 8 is rotationally driven.

  The scraper 9 is screwed onto the outer peripheral surface of the annular tray body 81 of the annular tray 8 and extends in the radial direction of the annular tray body 81. The scraper 9 is attached to the swing shaft 91 so as to be swingable. A plate-shaped scraper body 92 is provided. The scraper 9 is driven along the annular groove 10 as the annular tray 8 is rotationally driven in a state of being fitted in the annular groove 10 positioned on the outer diameter side of the annular tray 8 in plan view. As a result, solids such as ash and incombustibles present in the annular groove 10 are moved by the scraper 9 and guided to the discharge pipe 11 from the opening 11 a on the bottom surface of the annular groove 10. The scraper 9 as the collecting means is formed by swingably attaching the scraper body 92 to the swing shaft 91. However, the collecting means may be formed by fixing a plate-like body to the annular tray body 81.

  The combustion furnace 1 configured as described above operates as follows.

  First, the fuel hopper 21 is activated, and the rotary chip 23 of the discharge pipe is operated while stirring the wood chips as fuel with the stirring blades 22, and a predetermined amount of wood chips is supplied from the fuel hopper 21 to the transport conveyor 61. The screw conveyor 6 is activated simultaneously with the activation of the fuel hopper 21, and the wood chips supplied from the rotary valve 23 are conveyed by the conveyance conveyor 61 and the supply conveyor 62. The wood chips conveyed by the supply conveyor 2 are discharged from the opening at the tip of the supply conveyor 2 located at the center of the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 and supplied into the combustion chamber 4. The wood chips discharged from the supply conveyor 2 are received by the receiving surface 71 of the receiving tray 7. The supply of the wood chips to the combustion chamber 4 is started, and an ignition device (not shown) is operated to ignite the wood chips. Note that the ignition device may include a sprayer that injects liquid fuel such as kerosene toward the receiving surface 71 of the tray 7 and a spark plug that ignites the liquid fuel injected from the sprayer.

  When the wood chip is ignited by the ignition device, the supply of the combustion air to the combustion chamber 4 is started and the hearth structure H1 is started. That is, a blower (not shown) is activated to supply combustion air from the inlet 2a to the upper air chamber 5 as indicated by an arrow A1, and to combust from the air supply port 13c to the first lower air chamber 14 as indicated by an arrow A11. Supply air. Further, the drive motor 31 is activated to rotate the annular tray 8, thereby rotating the tray 7 and driving the scraper 9 along the annular groove 10.

  The combustion air supplied to the upper air chamber 5 by the operation of the blower flows in the air chamber 5 in a swirl shape, and is blown out in the swirl shape into the combustion chamber 4 from the first side air supply holes 3a and the second side air supply holes 3b. Thus, a swirling flow of combustion air is formed in the combustion chamber 4. Further, the combustion air supplied to the first lower air chamber 14 through the air supply port 13c flows into the second lower air chamber 15 through the flow hole 27a of the partition plate 27 as indicated by an arrow A12. The combustion air that has flowed into the second lower air chamber 15 passes through the receiving surface outlet 73 of the tray 7 and is supplied onto the receiving surface 71 of the combustion chamber 4 as indicated by an arrow A13. In addition, the combustion air in the second lower air chamber 15 is supplied to the center of the bottom portion of the combustion chamber 4 through the bottom center outlet 76 as indicated by an arrow A14. In this way, the combustion air is blown out from the receiving surface outlet 73 and the bottom center outlet 76 toward the fuel existing on the receiving surface 71, so that the wood chip fuel is effectively burned.

  When the fuel of the wood chip burns at the bottom of the combustion chamber 4, combustion gas is generated and ash is generated, and the ash and the incombustible material mixed in the wood chip remain on the receiving surface 71 of the tray 7. . The combustion gas is mixed with the combustion air blown out from the first side air supply hole 3a, flows in a swirl shape as indicated by the arrow F1, rises, and is further mixed with the combustion air blown out from the second side air supply hole 3b, As shown by the arrow F2, it flows in a swirl shape and rises. Unburned components contained in the combustion gas are combusted by the combustion air supplied from the first and second side surface air supply holes 3a and 3b. The combustion gas that has reached the upper part of the combustion chamber 4 flows into the hot air duct 41 and is used for a desired application in the heat exchanger, the second combustion chamber, or the like.

  Solid matter including ash and incombustible material remaining on the receiving surface 71 of the receiving tray 7 and fuel in the middle of combustion are moved to the outer diameter side by the wind of combustion air from the receiving surface outlet 73 and the rotating operation of the receiving tray 7. It moves and is received by the upper surface of the annular saucer body 81. The fuel in the middle of combustion burns on the upper surface of the annular tray body 81, and solids such as ash remain. The solid matter sent from the saucer 7 and the solid matter generated by the combustion of the fuel on the annular saucer body 81 are further moved to the outer diameter side by the rotational force of the annular saucer body 81 and the wind force of the combustion air, and are annular. Drop into the groove 10. The solid matter that has fallen into the annular groove 10 is moved in the annular groove 10 by the scraper 9 driven along the annular groove 10, and is guided to the discharge pipe 11 from the opening 11a. The solid matter guided to the discharge pipe 11 is discharged to the outside of the combustion furnace 1 through the rotary valve 12.

  On the other hand, on the receiving surface 71 of the tray 7, the fuel that has been ignited and continues to burn is held in the recesses around the cylindrical portion 72. Therefore, even if the supply of fuel by the supply conveyor 62 is stopped and the combustion operation of the combustion furnace 1 is interrupted, it is possible to leave the seed fire in the tray 7, thereby quickly restarting the combustion operation of the combustion furnace 1. can do.

  In this way, the solid matter generated with the combustion of the wood chips is discharged outside the combustion furnace 1 by the hearth structure H1 without interrupting the combustion. Therefore, the combustion furnace 1 of the present embodiment does not accumulate solids such as ash and incombustibles in the lower part of the combustion furnace 4, and as a result, it is possible to perform a continuous operation in which the wood chips are continuously burned.

  In the combustion furnace of the first embodiment, since the receiving surface 71 of the tray 7 has a mortar-like shape, for example, a wood chip formed by crushing thinned wood or a wood pellet formed by molding a wood material is incombustible. It is preferable to use a fuel with a relatively low content.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a hearth structure H2 included in the combustion furnace of the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the hearth structure H2 of the second embodiment.

  The combustion furnace of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment except for the hearth structure H2. The hearth structure H2 of the second embodiment is different from the hearth structure H1 of the first embodiment in the shape of the tray 107. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the hearth structure H <b> 2 of the second embodiment, the receiving tray 107 has a disc-shaped receiving surface 171 having a flat cross section, and the receiving surface 171 is concentric with the receiving surface 171. It is formed of a cylindrical portion 172 extending in a direction orthogonal to the direction. The receiving surface 171 of the receiving tray 107 is provided with a plurality of receiving surface outlets 173 for blowing combustion air.

  When the combustion furnace of the second embodiment is operated, the fuel discharged from the tip of the supply conveyor 62 is received on the rotating tray 107 of the hearth structure H2, and the fuel on the tray 107 is sent to the bottom central outlet 76 and Combustion is accelerated by the combustion air blown from the receiving surface outlet 173. Due to the rotation of the tray 107 and the wind force of the combustion air, solids such as ash generated by the combustion of the fuel and the burning fuel are sent to the outer diameter side and received by the upper side surface of the annular tray body 81 of the annular tray 8. It is. The solid matter sent from the saucer 107 and the solid matter generated by the combustion of the fuel on the annular saucer body 81 are annularly formed from the upper surface of the annular saucer body 81 by the rotational force of the annular saucer body 81 and the wind of combustion air. It falls into the groove 10, is moved by the scraper 9 and is discharged through the discharge pipe 11.

  According to the combustion furnace of the second embodiment, the hearth structure H2 including the receiving tray 107 having the disc-shaped receiving surface 171 can quickly remove solids such as ash generated with the fuel while continuing the combustion of the fuel. Can be discharged. As the fuel of the present embodiment, it is preferable to use wood chips and wood pellets with a low incombustible content or RPF with a relatively low content of incombustible material as the fuel.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a hearth structure H3 provided in the combustion furnace of the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the hearth structure H3 of the third embodiment.

  The combustion furnace of the third embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment except for the hearth structure H3. The hearth structure H3 of the third embodiment is different from the hearth structure H1 of the first embodiment in the shape of the tray 207. In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the hearth structure H3 of the third embodiment, the receiving tray 207 has a truncated cone-shaped receiving surface 271 having a C-shaped cross section, and a receiving surface 271 having a concentric axis with the receiving surface 271. Is formed by a cylindrical portion 272 extending inward. The receiving surface 271 of the receiving tray 207 is provided with a plurality of receiving surface outlets 273 for blowing combustion air.

  When the combustion furnace of the third embodiment is operated, the fuel discharged from the tip of the supply conveyor 62 is received on the rotating tray 207 of the hearth structure H3, and the fuel on the tray 207 is sent to the bottom central outlet 76 and Combustion is accelerated by the combustion air blown out from the receiving surface outlet 273. The receiving tray 207 is driven to rotate, the receiving surface 271 of the receiving tray 207 has a truncated cone shape and is inclined downward, and the combustion air blown out from the bottom central outlet 76 and the receiving face outlet 273 The solids such as ash and incombustible material generated by the combustion of the fuel and the burning fuel are sent to the outer diameter side and received by the upper side surface of the annular tray body 81 of the annular tray 8. The solid matter sent from the saucer 207 and the solid matter generated by the combustion of fuel on the annular saucer body 81 are annularly formed from the upper surface of the annular saucer body 81 by the rotational force of the annular saucer body 81 and the wind of combustion air. It falls into the groove 10, is moved by the scraper 9 and is discharged through the discharge pipe 11.

  According to the combustion furnace of the third embodiment, the hearth structure H3 including the receiving tray 207 having the frustoconical receiving surface 271 allows ash, incombustibles, and the like generated with the fuel to continue while fuel combustion continues. Solid matter can be discharged quickly. As the fuel of the present embodiment, a crushed product of agricultural waste or a crushed product of building waste material having a relatively high content of incombustible materials is preferable. Moreover, it is preferable to use RDF or RDF having a relatively high content of incombustible material for the fuel. In particular, when the fuel contains an incombustible material having a specific gravity of 2 or more, for example, when the fuel contains an incombustible material such as metal or sand, the incombustible material is effectively dropped into the annular groove 10 by the receiving surface 271 having a truncated cone shape. , Can be quickly discharged from the combustion chamber 4.

  In each of the above embodiments, the annular tray 8 in which the lower side rack 82 is driven by the pinion 30 is formed so as to support the solid matter on the upper side. It may have only a function of driving.

  Moreover, although the combustion furnace 1 of this embodiment burned wood chips as fuel, wood pellets other than wood chips, wood materials such as paper and building waste, resin materials such as plastic waste and rubber waste, And you may burn the fuel containing organic combustibles, such as RPF formed by mixing and molding wood type material and resin type material. In addition, the combustion furnace of the present invention includes agricultural and fishery materials such as coconut, control weeds, bacus, jatrova, cotton stalk, scallops, squid goro, starfish, livestock droppings, animal meat residues, fruit pomace, food processing residues, etc. You may burn the fuel containing livestock-type material and food-type material. Moreover, you may burn the fuel containing organic combustibles, such as organic sludges, such as sewage sludge, and RDF etc. which mix-molds organic sludge, a wooden material, and / or a resin material. Further, the fuel is not limited to the fuel containing the system material, and may be a single fuel or a mixture of fuels that generate ash such as biomass fuel or coal. These fuels produce a relatively large amount of ash and incombustible materials with combustion. By applying the hearth structure of the present invention, solids such as ash and incombustible materials are collected while fuel combustion continues. Thus, the combustion furnace can be operated continuously.

  In the combustion furnace of the present embodiment, the hearth structures H1, H2, and H3 are applied to the cylindrical combustion chamber 4, but the hearth mechanism of the present invention can be applied to other types of combustion chambers.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion furnace 4 Combustion chamber 6 Screw conveyor 7 Receptacle 8 Annular saucer 9 Scraper 11a Discharge port 82 Rack of annular saucer H1, H2, H3 Hearth structure

Claims (11)

Supply means for supplying a fuel containing an organic combustible, and surrounding the supply means, receiving the fuel supplied from the supply means and the solid matter generated by the combustion of the fuel, A receiving means having an air outlet;
A driving force transmitting means for driving the receiving means to rotate by transmitting a driving force to the receiving means;
A collecting means connected to the outer edge of the driving force transmitting means, driven around a common rotation axis with the receiving means, and collecting the solid matter;
A hearth structure provided with a discharge port that is formed in the drive path of the collecting means and discharges the solid matter. The hearth structure according to claim 1,
The receiving means has a cylindrical portion inserted through the supply means, and a bowl-shaped receiving surface inclined toward the cylindrical portion, and the air outlet is formed at least on the outer diameter portion of the receiving surface. A hearth structure characterized by that. In the hearth structure according to claim 2,
A hearth structure characterized in that a second outlet for supplying combustion air is formed between the supply means and the cylindrical portion of the receiving means. The hearth structure according to claim 1,
The hearth characterized in that the driving force transmission means has an annular member on which the receiving means is placed, and a rack provided on the opposite side of the annular member on which the receiving means is placed. Construction. In the hearth structure according to claim 4,
The hearth structure of the annular member of the driving force transmitting means, wherein a surface on which the receiving means is placed functions as a second receiving surface for receiving the fuel and / or solid matter. The hearth structure according to claim 1,
An air chamber for supplying combustion air to the outlet of the receiving means;
A hearth structure characterized in that the driving force transmitting means is rotatably supported on an upper end of a wall member defining the air chamber. The hearth structure according to claim 1,
The collecting means includes a swing shaft extending radially outward and fixed to an outer edge portion of the driving force transmitting means, and a plate-like body swingably attached to the swing shaft. The hearth structure. The hearth structure according to claim 1,
An annular groove located on the outer diameter side of the receiving means in plan view and provided with the discharge port on the bottom surface;
A hearth structure configured to drive the collecting means along the groove in a state where the collecting means is fitted in the groove.   A combustion furnace comprising a combustion chamber provided with the hearth structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8. The combustion furnace according to claim 9, wherein
A combustion furnace characterized in that the fuel includes at least one of agricultural materials, fishery materials, livestock materials, food materials, wood materials, and resin materials. The combustion furnace according to claim 9, wherein
A combustion furnace characterized in that the fuel contains at least one of wood chips, wood pellets, coal, RPF, RDF, plastic waste, rubber waste, and organic sludge.

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