JP2012192748A - Composite fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite fabric keeping a moderate moisture permeability while suppressing air permeability.SOLUTION: The composite fabric includes a nonwoven fabric of nanofibers having a diameter of not more than 1 μm, and at least one layer of knitted fabric laminated through an adhesive.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite fabric composed of a nanofiber nonwoven fabric and a knitted fabric. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composite fabric that suppresses heat transfer by suppressing breathability and reduces moisture feeling by ensuring good moisture permeability.

  So far, various underwear materials have been reported for the purpose of keeping the environment in clothes comfortable. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a laminate of a porous sheet and a fiber sheet using a thermoplastic elastomer. Patent Document 2 discloses a laminate in which a moisture-permeable and waterproof resin and ultrafine fibers are combined.

  However, in the conventional technology as described above, both the performance is sufficiently compatible, such as insufficient wind permeability for wind resistance or insufficient wind resistance if sufficient moisture permeability is obtained. I could not say. In addition, there were various problems such as insufficient verification regarding heat retention and a heavy fabric and a poor feeling of wearing.

JP 2002-54009 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-230770

  The main object of the present invention is to provide a composite fabric in which moderate moisture permeability is ensured while suppressing air permeability.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention can obtain a fabric in which air permeability is suppressed, heat retention is excellent, and moderate moisture permeability is ensured by using a nanofiber nonwoven fabric. I found out. The present invention has been completed as a result of further studies based on these findings.

The present invention provides the following composite fabric and method for producing the same.
Item 1. A composite fabric obtained by laminating at least one layer of a knitted fabric with an adhesive on a nanofiber nonwoven fabric composed of fibers having a diameter of less than 1 μm.
Item 2. Item 2. The composite fabric according to Item 1, wherein one layer of knitted fabric is laminated on each of the front and back surfaces of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric.
Item 3. Item 3. The composite fabric according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the knitted fabric is knitted with fibers having a total fineness of 50 dtex or more.
Item 4. Item 4. The composite fabric according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive is a mesh-like heat-sealing film.
Item 5. And wherein the air permeability is less than 0.3cc ^/ cm 2 ^/ sec in JIS L 1096 (Frazier method), and is moisture permeability 3000cm ³ / 24h · ^{m 2} or more in JIS L 1099 A-2 method Item 5. The composite fabric according to any one of Items 1 to 4.
Item 6. Item 6. The composite fabric according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein a heat transfer resistance (claw value) by the KES method is 0.1 CLO or more.
Item 7. Item 7. The composite fabric according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the basis weight is 50 g / m ² or more and less than 350 g / m ² .
Item 8. Item 8. The composite fabric according to any one of Items 1 to 7, which is a form of underwear.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the comfortable composite fabric which has moderate moisture permeability can be provided, suppressing air permeability. More specifically, the composite fabric of the present invention can keep the humidity in the garment moderate while suppressing direct external air contact with the skin. Further, the composite fabric of the present invention is not too heavy and does not give discomfort when worn. The composite fabric of the present invention having such characteristics is useful as a material for clothes, particularly underwear. The underwear made of the composite fabric of the present invention is excellent in heat retaining properties, has no discomfort due to stuffiness or weight, and can keep the underwear comfortable even when the outside air temperature is low.

It is a schematic diagram which shows one preferable form of the composite fabric of this invention.

1. Composite Fabric The composite fabric of the present invention is composed of a nanofiber nonwoven fabric and a knitted fabric laminated through an adhesive. The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail below.

(1) Nanofiber non-woven fabric In the composite fabric of the present invention, the nanofiber non-woven fabric has a function of demonstrating an excellent heat retaining effect while preventing moisture from entering the clothing while preventing moisture from entering.

  The diameter of the nanofiber constituting the nanofiber nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is less than about 1 μm, preferably 20 to 900 nm, more preferably 50 to 700 nm, still more preferably 100 to 500 nm. Here, the diameter of the nanofiber was photographed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 10,000 to 50,000 times, and the thickness of the randomly selected fiber (the length in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis) was measured at 30 points. And is represented by the average value.

  The nanofiber material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having an elongation enough to follow the stretchability of the knitted fabric, and a conventionally known material can be used. For example, a urethane polymer (for example, spandex) Etc.), elastomer polymers (for example, thermoplastic elastomers such as polyurethane elastomers, polyester elastomers, polyamide elastomers) and the like. Such nanofibers made of a polymer material are excellent in stretchability, and are therefore suitable when the composite fabric of the present invention is used as a material for underwear.

  The nanofiber nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is not limited in its production method as long as fibers having the above diameter can be obtained, and can be obtained according to a conventionally known method. As a method for producing a nanofiber nonwoven fabric, for example, an electrospinning method (ESD), a two-component sea-island structure yarn production method (two different polymers are spun simultaneously, and finally one of the polymers ( For example, a method of producing a non-woven fabric having a sea-island structure by removing a fiber component formed by a polymer constituting a sea portion), and an electrospinning method is preferable.

Typical examples of the production conditions when employing the electrospinning method include a voltage of -70 to 70 kV, a nozzle diameter of 14 to 32 G, and a distance of 5 to 30 cm to the collector. Also, depending on the polymer material used, for example, in the case of a polyurethane resin, the solvent is dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran or the like at a concentration of 3 to 40% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight. desirable. When other polymer materials are used, conventionally known solvents suitable for various polymers can be used, and the dissolution concentration can be appropriately set with reference to the above concentration.

  For example, when producing a nanofiber nonwoven fabric by an electrospinning method, the weight average molecular weight of the resin as a raw material is preferably 70,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, for example, about 70,000 to 500,000, preferably Is about 100,000 to 500,000. The resin is preferably completely dissolved in a solvent, and it is desirable to increase the atmospheric temperature of the production field with an infrared lamp or the like as necessary.

The nanofiber nonwoven fabric used for the composite fabric of the present invention preferably has an apparent density of less than 1 g / cm ³ , more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 g / cm ³ , still more preferably 0.01 to 0.1 g / cm ^{3. 3} . The apparent density is a value obtained by measuring the thickness and weight of a 20 cm × 20 cm sample and calculating the weight per unit volume. The nanofiber nonwoven fabric having such an apparent density has many immobile air layers. The immovable air layer is a very minute layer of air in the nonwoven fabric, and since heat convection does not occur as moisture moves, high heat retention can be realized.

The total thickness of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is usually 10 to 300 μm, preferably 50 to 200 μm. The total thickness of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric is a value measured by the following measurement method. In addition, the thickness of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric in the Example mentioned later is also based on the following measuring method.
(Measuring method)
Two nanofilms made of PET with a thickness of 100 μm are sandwiched between nanofiber nonwoven fabrics to measure the thickness, and the entire thickness (two PET films and nanofiber nonwoven fabrics) is digital micrometer (MDC-25MJ, manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation). Measure (the thickness at that time is A μm). A value obtained by subtracting the thickness (200 μm) of two PET films from the measured value (A μm), that is, (A-200) μm is the thickness of the nanofiber nonwoven.

(2) Knitted fabric The composite fabric of the present invention has a form in which at least one layer of knitted fabric is laminated on the nanofiber nonwoven fabric via an adhesive (or adhesive layer). The form of the composite fabric of the present invention includes one in which the knitted fabric is laminated on either the front surface or the back surface of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, but preferably the knitted fabric is on the front surface and back surface of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric. Each has a form of being laminated one by one. By sandwiching the nanofiber nonwoven fabric between the knitted fabrics in this way, the wear of the nanofibers can be suppressed and the durability of the composite fabric can be improved.

  When the knitted fabric is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, the knitted fabric laminated on the back surface is used as the lining, and the knitted fabric laminated on the surface is used as the outer fabric. Here, the lining is a knitted fabric that constitutes a surface that comes into contact with the skin when the composite fabric of the present invention is sewn as a garment, and the outer fabric is a knitted fabric that constitutes a surface outside the garment (contacts with the outside air). It is dough.

  The knitted fabric used in the present invention has a total fineness of usually 50 dtex or more, preferably 60 to 300 dtex, more preferably 70 to 200 dtex. Within such a range, the strength of the composite fabric of the present invention can be maintained.

As the material of the knitted fabric, preferably, the outer material is composed of a hydrophilic material and the lining material is composed of a hydrophobic material, but the composite fabric surface is hydrophilic and the back surface is hydrophobic. The material of the knitted fabric is not particularly limited, and a combination of a hydrophilic material and a hydrophobic material can also be used. Moreover, as long as the effect of this invention is not impaired, you may comprise a surface material and a lining with the same knitted fabric.

  As the hydrophilic material, conventionally known materials can be used, and examples thereof include vegetable fibers such as cotton and hemp, animal hair fibers such as wool, and synthetic fibers such as polyester imparted with hydrophilicity. Of these, cotton and wool are preferred from the viewpoint of touch and heat retention. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more as hydrophilic fibers. Also, recycled fibers such as cupra, rayon, acetate, polynosic, lyocell, etc. can be used.

  As the hydrophobic material, conventionally known materials can be appropriately selected. For example, polyester (for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), polyacrylonitrile, polyamide (for example, nylon-6, nylon-66, and other nylon fibers) ), Synthetic fibers composed of resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane, polyolefin (for example, polypropylene, etc.), and polyester, polyamide, and polyurethane are preferable. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more as a hydrophobic material.

  Examples of the combination of the materials include cupra / polyester and cupra / polyester / polyurethane, but the combination of the materials is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

  These knitted fabrics are not particularly limited in the type of tissue (type of knitting method), length of fibers (filament (long fiber), staple (short fiber)), etc., but two fabrics of outer and lining are used. Therefore, it is preferable that the structure be as thin and light as possible. More preferably, it is desirable to consider the touch and texture by making the lining a tissue with a small contact area with the skin. Examples of the structure that can be adopted in the present invention include a flat knitting structure including a flat knitting and a circular knitting, a rubber knitting structure, a double-sided knitting structure, and the like, and can be knitted into various structures according to a conventionally known method. Also, a structure based on rubber knitting or the like can be adopted, and examples thereof include a structure manufactured by the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-036051, a milled mesh structure, a tack mesh structure, and the like. These tissues can also be obtained according to conventional methods. For example, using a circular knitting machine suitable for a knitted structure, the yarn length and loop length, yarn feeding tension, fabric tension, etc. can be set and knitted within the range of 16 to 40 G gauge.

  In the composite fabric of the present invention, the total thickness of the knitted fabric is usually 100 to 500 μm, preferably 140 to 320 μm.

(3) Adhesive In the composite fabric of the present invention, a nanofiber nonwoven fabric and a knitted fabric are laminated via an adhesive. The adhesive used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric can be bonded together, and conventionally known materials can be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. However, when adhering the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric, if the pores of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric are blocked, the moisture permeability may be impaired. For example, a mesh-like heat fusion film, a nonwoven-like heat fusion film, etc. It is preferable to adopt a method of spraying a hot press, a highly moisture-permeable adhesive, or the like. Alternatively, an adhesive may be applied between the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric, and a method such as point bonding (dot bonding) may be used.

Examples of the material of the heat-sealing film include polyamide-based, polyester-based, butadiene rubber-based, polyurethane-based, and the like, and polyurethane is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of adhesiveness and stretchability. Specifically, for example, as a urethane-based heat fusion film, Tokai Thermo (
FUSEC C6J5 made by Tokai Thermo Co., Ltd.
Although 1G8 D8 etc. are mentioned, it is not limited to these. When using a heat sealing film, an adhesive layer is formed between the nanofiber nonwoven fabric and the knitted fabric. Moreover, as a highly moisture-permeable adhesive agent, the polyurethane etc. which introduce | transduced the hydrophilic group are mentioned, for example.

The amount of the adhesive used is not particularly limited as long as it can sufficiently bond the knitted fabric and the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, but in order not to impair the texture of the composite fabric, the basis weight is preferably 5 to 100 g / m ² , more Preferably it is 8-30 g / m < ² >. In addition, as long as the adhesive can bond the outer fabric or the lining and the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, the same material may be used for the adhesion of the outer fabric and the lining, but the outer fabric and the lining are composed of different types of knitted fabrics. In such a case, different adhesives may be used depending on the type of knitted fabric.

(4) The composite fabric of the present invention preferably has the following physical properties.
(Breathability)
Composite fabric of the present invention, JIS L 1096 (Frazier method) according to the air permeability 0.3 cc / cm less than ² / sec, preferably have less than 0.1cc / cm ² / sec or more 0.3cc / cm ² / sec. If it is less than 0.3 cc / cm ² / sec, the cold wind from the outside enters the clothing and does not significantly impair the heat retaining effect, so that excellent windproof properties can be realized.

(Breathable)
Composite fabric of the present invention, moisture permeation amount 3000g / 24h · ^{m 2} or more according to JIS L 1099 A-2 method, preferably has a 4000g / 24h · ^{m 2} or more. A moisture permeability of 3000 g / 24 h · m ² or more is preferred because it does not feel uncomfortable due to stuffiness in clothing.

  The composite fabric of the present invention preferably satisfies both the above air permeability and moisture permeability.

(Heat retention)
The composite fabric of the present invention has a heat transfer resistance (claw value) by the KES method of 0.1 CLO or more, preferably 0.13 CLO or more. If it is 0.1 CLO or more, the thermal energy in the garment does not move in a large amount outside the garment, so it is preferable that it does not feel cold. If it has such a heat transfer resistance, it can exhibit excellent heat retention performance under circumstances where the outside air temperature is low such as in winter.

(Feeling of weight)
Composite fabric of the present invention, a basis weight of 50 g / ^{m 2} or more 350 g / ^m less than ^2, preferably 100~320g / ^{m 2.} If the basis weight is 50 g / m ² or more, when used for underwear, the strength required for normal handling is sufficiently obtained, and if it is less than 350 g / m ² , it is worn and not uncomfortable. It is preferable.

  The composite fabric of the present invention satisfying the above physical properties can be suitably used as a material for clothes, particularly underwear (preferably underwear for cold protection, underwear for heat retention, sportswear, etc.). Examples of such underwear include shirts, briefs, stomach wraps, stetecos, patches, shorts, girdles, petticoats, leggings, socks, tights, and the like. When manufacturing underwear etc. using the composite fabric of this invention, what is necessary is just to follow a conventionally well-known method, and a cutting method, a sewing method, etc. are not specifically limited.

2. Production method The composite fabric of the present invention can be produced according to a conventionally known method. For example, when using a heat fusion film as an adhesive, a heat fusion film is disposed between the knitted fabric and the nanofiber nonwoven fabric. It can be obtained by pressure bonding at a temperature of about the melting point of the heat-sealing film + about 10 ° C. and usually at a pressure of about 2 MPa.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to these.

  The nanofiber nonwoven fabric used in the following Examples 1-4 was manufactured according to the following method.

[Production method of nanofiber nonwoven fabric]
A thermoplastic polyurethane resin (Pnadex 1185) manufactured by DIC Bayer Polymer Ltd. was dissolved in DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) at a ratio of 23% by weight, and this was filled in the solution filling part of the electrospinning apparatus, and a voltage of 55 kV was obtained. To perform electrospinning. The diameter of the metal nozzle used at this time was 26 G, and the distance to the collector was 15 cm.

[Example 1]
A mesh type urethane heat-sealing film (FUSEC C6J5 manufactured by Tokai Thermo Co., Ltd .; weight per unit: 28 g / m ² ) is used on both surfaces of a nanofiber nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 100 μm, a basis weight of 3.47 g / m ² , and an average fiber diameter of 500 nm. Two pieces of sinter knitted knitted with fibers having a total fineness of 167 dtex (knitted fabric with a basis weight of 117.6 g / m ² manufactured according to the method described in JP 2004-036051 A, polyester 50 / cupra 50 ( % By weight) and a thickness of 320 μm were pressure-bonded at 115 ° C. and a pressure of 2 MPa to obtain a composite fabric.

[Example 2]
² knitted fabrics (polyester 79 / cupra 18 / urethane 3 (% by weight); thickness 250 μm) with a milling mesh structure based on a rubber knitted structure knitted with fibers having a total fineness of 143 dtex and having a basis weight of 126.1 g / m ² The nanofiber nonwoven fabric of Example 1 was arrange | positioned between these, and it affixed through the heat sealing | fusion film of Example 1, and obtained the composite fabric. The affixing method is as described in Example 1.

[Example 3]
Implemented between two knitted fabrics (polyester 50 cupra 50 (weight%); thickness 350 μm) with a weight of 117.7 g / m ² with a tuck mesh structure based on a rubber knitted structure knitted with fibers having a total fineness of 112 dtex The nanofiber nonwoven fabric of Example 1 was placed and attached via the heat-sealing film of Example 1 to obtain a composite fabric. The affixing method is as described in Example 1.

[Example 4]
² knitted fabrics (polyester 79 / cupra 18 / urethane 3 (% by weight); thickness 250 μm) with a milling mesh structure based on a rubber knitted structure knitted with fibers having a total fineness of 143 dtex and having a basis weight of 126.1 g / m ² The nanofiber nonwoven fabric of Example 1 was placed between the two, and a polyamide-based heat-sealed nonwoven fabric (FUSEC 1G8 D8 manufactured by Tokai Thermo Co., Ltd .; basis weight: 8 g / m ² ) was pressure-bonded at 115 ° C. and a pressure of 2 MPa. To obtain a composite fabric.

[Comparative Example 1]
In place of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric, Elastollan XOP90A manufactured by BASF Japan Co., Ltd. is heated to the melting point or higher, and a moisture-permeable urethane film molded into a 100 μm-thick film using a hot press machine is used for pressure bonding at 200 ° C. A composite fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that.

[Comparative Example 2]
A composite fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a fabric having a basis weight of 3.5 g / m ² and an average fiber diameter of 5 μm was used instead of the nanofiber nonwoven fabric.

  The composite fabric obtained as described above was evaluated for air permeability, moisture permeability, moisture retention, basis weight, and wearing feeling according to the following evaluation methods.

[Evaluation method]
<Air permeability>
Evaluation was made according to JIS L 1096 (Fragile method).

<Moisture permeability>
Evaluation was performed according to JIS L 1099 A-2 method.

<Heat retention>
Claw value (measured using KES-F7 Thermolab II manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.)

<Weighting>
The weight and thickness of a 150 × 150 mm test piece were measured, and the basis weight (g / m ² ) per unit thickness was measured.

<A feeling of wearing>
Evaluation of wearing feeling when actually wearing the underwear obtained using the composite fabrics of the above examples and comparative examples for 10 monitors (5 men, 5 women, average age 32 years) (steamed) Sense), B evaluation (feeling of weight), and C evaluation (heat retention) were evaluated by the scores shown below. When the evaluations A to C were 4 points or more, a good wearing feeling was obtained.
A evaluation (feeling of stuffiness)
After wearing underwear (upper-body wearing type) made of each composite fabric and performing 30 steps of step-up / down movements per minute, how the feeling of stuffiness in clothes was felt was selected from the following five items.
1 point: Feels uncomfortable.
2 points: I feel uncomfortable.
3 points: I feel uncomfortable.
4 points: Neither.
5 points: Comfortable.
B evaluation (feeling of weight)
When the underwear (upper body wearing type) produced with each composite fabric was worn, how the feeling of weight was felt was selected from the following five items.
1 point: Feels quite heavy and uncomfortable.
2 points: Feels heavy and uncomfortable.
3 points: Feels somewhat heavy and uncomfortable.
4 points: I do not feel heavy.
5 points: feel light and comfortable.
C evaluation (heat retention)
Wearing underwear (upper body type) made of each composite fabric, flowing 10 ° C cold air from a 20cm diameter hose from a position 20cm away in a room with a temperature of 25 ° C Selected from items.
1 point: cold. We do not feel heat retention at all.
2 points: Slightly cold. I don't feel much warmth.
3 points: Neither can be said.
4 points: A little warmth is felt.
5 points: warm. I feel warmth.

  Table 1 shows the evaluation results for the samples obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2. In addition, about sensory evaluation, the average value of the obtained score was made into the result of each evaluation item.

From the results shown in Table 1, when the basis weight is in the range of 271.7 to 311.7 g / m ² , the underwear has an appropriate weight feeling and does not feel an unpleasant weight. Further, if the air permeability is 0.128 to 0.285 cc / cm ² · s and the CLO value is in the range of 0.133 to 0.166, the outside air hardly enters the underwear, and good heat retention is maintained. It was leaning. Furthermore, moisture permeation amount environments 4106~5498cm ³ / 24h · ^m in underwear without feeling stuffiness be in the range of ² was shown to be comfortable state.

  Thus, it was shown that the composite fabric of the present invention can realize excellent windproof properties, moisture permeability, and heat retention properties, and is particularly suitable for winter (for cold protection) underwear.

Claims (8)

A composite fabric in which a knitted fabric is laminated on each of the front and back surfaces of a nanofiber nonwoven fabric composed of fibers having a diameter of less than 1 μm via an adhesive, respectively,
3000cm ³ / 24h · ^{m 2} or more composite fabric air permeability JIS L 1096 is at at (Frazier method) 0.1cc ^/ cm 2 ^/ sec or more, and moisture permeability JIS L 1099 A-2 method. Air permeability is 0.1 cc ^/ cm less than 2 / sec or more 0.3 cc ^/ cm 2 / sec in JIS L 1096 (Frazier method), the composite fabric of claim 1. The composite fabric according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the knitted fabric on the front surface is made of a hydrophilic material and the knitted fabric on the back surface is made of a hydrophobic material. The composite fabric according to claim 3, wherein the hydrophilic material is at least one selected from the group consisting of cotton, hemp, wool, hydrophilic polyester, cupra, rayon, acetate, polynosic, and lyocell. The composite fabric according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the hydrophobic material is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane, and polyolefin. The composite fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a heat transfer resistance (claw value) by the KES method is 0.1 CLO or more. The fabric weight according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the basis weight is 50 g / m ² or more and less than 350 g / m ² . The composite fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the adhesive is a mesh-like heat-sealing film.

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