JP2012142562A - 半導体記憶装置 - Google Patents
半導体記憶装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012142562A JP2012142562A JP2011266512A JP2011266512A JP2012142562A JP 2012142562 A JP2012142562 A JP 2012142562A JP 2011266512 A JP2011266512 A JP 2011266512A JP 2011266512 A JP2011266512 A JP 2011266512A JP 2012142562 A JP2012142562 A JP 2012142562A
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940062057 nitrogen 80 % Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
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Abstract
【解決手段】半導体記憶装置に、複数のメモリセルがマトリクス状に配設されたメモリセルアレイと、制御信号に応じて、複数のメモリセルの中から動作を行うメモリセルを選択するデコーダと、デコーダに対して制御信号を出力するか否かを選択する制御回路と、を設ける。なお、複数のメモリセルのそれぞれは、酸化物半導体によってチャネル領域が形成される選択トランジスタをオフ状態とすることによってデータの保持を行う。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1(A)は、半導体記憶装置の構成例を示す図である。図1(A)に示す半導体記憶装置は、複数のメモリセル20がマトリクス状に配設されたメモリセルアレイ10と、メモリセルアレイ10の特定行を選択する行デコーダ11と、メモリセルアレイ10の特定列を選択する列デコーダ12と、行デコーダ11及び列デコーダ12に対してアドレス信号、リードイネーブル信号、ライトイネーブル信号などの制御信号を出力するか否かを選択する制御回路13と、を有する。
ここで、酸化物半導体によってチャネル領域が形成されるトランジスタのオフ電流(リーク電流)を測定した結果について示す。
本明細書で開示される半導体記憶装置は、複数のメモリセルのそれぞれにおいて、酸化物半導体によってチャネル領域が形成される選択トランジスタをオフ状態とすることによってデータの保持が行われる。これにより、電力の供給がない場合(ただし、各種配線の電位は一定であることが望ましい)であっても、長期にわたって記憶内容を保持することが可能である。
上述した半導体記憶装置の具体例について図9〜22を参照して説明する。
図9(A)は、上述したメモリセル20の具体例を示す回路図である。図9(A)に示すメモリセル20は、ゲートがワード線34に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの一方がビット線35に電気的に接続されたトランジスタ31と、一方の電極がトランジスタ31のソース及びドレインの他方に電気的に接続され、他方の電極が一定電位を供給する配線36に電気的に接続された容量素子33と、を有する。なお、図9(A)に示すメモリセル20は、トランジスタ31のソース及びドレインの他方並びに容量素子33の一方の電極が電気的に接続するノード32においてデータの保持を行うメモリセルである。また、当該一定電位としては、接地電位(GND)又は0Vなどを適用することが可能である。
図9(B)は、図9(A)とは異なるメモリセル20の具体例を示す回路図である。図9(B)に示すメモリセル20は、ゲートが書き込みワード線45に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの一方が書き込みビット線48に電気的に接続されたトランジスタ41と、ゲートがトランジスタ41のソース及びドレインの他方に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの一方が読み出しビット線47に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの他方が一定電位を供給する配線49に電気的に接続されたトランジスタ43と、一方の電極がトランジスタ41のソース及びドレインの他方並びにトランジスタ43のゲートに電気的に接続され、他方の電極が読み出しワード線46に電気的に接続された容量素子44と、を有する。なお、図9(B)に示すメモリセル20は、トランジスタ41のソース及びドレインの他方、トランジスタ43のゲート、及び容量素子44の一方の電極が電気的に接続するノード42においてデータの保持を行うメモリセルである。また、当該一定電位としては、接地電位(GND)又は0Vなどを適用することが可能である。また、トランジスタ41は、酸化物半導体(OS)によってチャネル領域が形成されるトランジスタであるが、トランジスタ43のチャネル領域を形成する半導体材料は特に限定されない。
図9(C)は、図9(A)、(B)とは異なるメモリセル20の具体例を示す回路図である。図9(C)に示すメモリセル20は、一列に配設されたn個のメモリセルのいずれか一である。メモリセル20は、ゲートが書き込みワード線55に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの一方が書き込みビット線58に電気的に接続されたトランジスタ51と、ゲートがトランジスタ51のソース及びドレインの他方に電気的に接続されたトランジスタ53と、一方の電極がトランジスタ51のソース及びドレインの他方並びにトランジスタ53のゲートに電気的に接続され、他方の電極が読み出しワード線56に電気的に接続された容量素子54と、を有する。また、k番目(kは、2以上n未満の自然数)に配設されたメモリセル20が有するトランジスタ53のソース及びドレインの一方は、(k−1)番目に配設されたメモリセル20が有するトランジスタ53のソース及びドレインの他方に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの他方は、(k+1)番目に配設されたメモリセル20が有するトランジスタ53のソース及びドレインの一方に電気的に接続される。なお、1番目に配設されたメモリセル20が有するトランジスタ53のソース及びドレインの一方は、一定電位を供給する配線59に電気的に接続される。また、n番目に配設されたメモリセル20が有するトランジスタ53のソース及びドレインの他方は、読み出しビット線57に電気的に接続される。
図10(A)〜(C)のそれぞれは、上述した制御回路13の具体例を示す回路図である。端的に述べると、図10(A)〜(C)に示す制御回路13は、リセット信号(RESET)に応じて、外部から入力される制御信号(図10(A)〜(C)中においては、アドレス信号(ADDR_in)、読み出し制御信号(RE_in)、書き込み制御信号(WE_in)が該当)を行デコーダ及び列デコーダに対して出力するか否かを選択する回路である。
図11(A)、(B)のそれぞれは、上述した制御回路13の具体例を示す回路図である。端的に述べると、図11(A)、(B)に示す制御回路13は、制御信号(図11(A)、(B)中においては、アドレス信号(ADDR_in)が該当)が供給される配線の電位と、当該制御信号の反転信号である反転制御信号(図11(A)、(B)中においては、反転アドレス信号(ADDRB_in)が該当)が供給される配線の電位とが反転状態となった場合に、当該制御信号及び当該反転制御信号を行デコーダ及び列デコーダに対して出力し、反転状態とならない場合に、当該制御信号及び当該反転制御信号を行デコーダ及び列デコーダに出力しない回路である。なお、図11(A)、(B)に示す制御回路13を有する半導体記憶装置においては、行デコーダ及び列デコーダが制御信号及び反転制御信号に応じて特定のメモリセルを選択することとする。
以下では、上述した半導体記憶装置が有するトランジスタの一例について説明する。具体的には、半導体材料を含む基板を用いて形成されるトランジスタ及び酸化物半導体を用いて形成されるトランジスタの一例について示す。
次に、トランジスタ160及びトランジスタ164の作製方法の一例について説明する。以下では、はじめにトランジスタ160の作製方法について図13を参照しながら説明し、その後、トランジスタ164の作製方法について図14および図15を参照しながら説明する。
図16乃至図19には、トランジスタ164の構成の変形例を示す。つまり、トランジスタ160の構成は上記と同様である。
上述したトランジスタの作製工程と異なる酸化物半導体層の作製工程について図22を用いて説明する。
以下では、上述した半導体記憶装置の使用例として、RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)タグ500を示す(図23参照)。
11 行デコーダ
12 列デコーダ
13 制御回路
20 メモリセル
21 トランジスタ
22 ノードを含む回路
31 トランジスタ
32 ノード
33 容量素子
34 ワード線
35 ビット線
36 一定電位を供給する配線
41 トランジスタ
42 ノード
43 トランジスタ
44 容量素子
45 書き込みワード線
46 読み出しワード線
47 読み出しビット線
48 書き込みビット線
49 一定電位を供給する配線
51 トランジスタ
52 ノード
53 トランジスタ
54 容量素子
55 書き込みワード線
56 読み出しワード線
57 読み出しビット線
58 書き込みビット線
59 一定電位を供給する配線
61 インバータ
62 スイッチ
63 スイッチ
64 スイッチ
66 ANDゲート
67 ANDゲート
68 ANDゲート
69 フリップフロップ
71 XORゲート
72 XORゲート
73 ANDゲート
74 インバータ
75 スイッチ
76 スイッチ
77 スイッチ
78 スイッチ
81 XORゲート
82 XORゲート
83 ANDゲート
84 ANDゲート
85 ANDゲート
86 ANDゲート
87 ANDゲート
90 基板
91 下地層
92 ゲート層
93 ゲート絶縁膜
94 酸化物半導体層
95a ソース層
95b ドレイン層
96 保護絶縁層
97 平坦化絶縁層
98a 導電層
98b 導電層
100 基板
102 保護層
104 半導体領域
106 素子分離絶縁層
108a ゲート絶縁膜
108b 絶縁層
110a ゲート層
110b 電極層
112 絶縁層
114a 不純物領域
114b 不純物領域
116 チャネル領域
118 サイドウォール絶縁層
120a 高濃度不純物領域
120b 高濃度不純物領域
122 金属層
124a 金属化合物領域
124b 金属化合物領域
126 層間絶縁層
128 層間絶縁層
130a ソース層
130b ドレイン層
130c 電極層
132 絶縁層
134 導電層
136a 電極層
136b 電極層
136c 電極層
136d ゲート層
138 ゲート絶縁膜
140 酸化物半導体層
142a ソース層
142b ドレイン層
144 保護絶縁層
146 層間絶縁層
148 導電層
150a 電極層
150b 電極層
150c 電極層
150d 電極層
150e 電極層
152 絶縁層
154a 電極層
154b 電極層
154c 電極層
154d 電極層
160 トランジスタ
162a 酸化物導電層
162b 酸化物導電層
164 トランジスタ
400 絶縁層
437 絶縁層
450a 結晶性酸化物半導体層
450b 結晶性酸化物半導体層
453 酸化物半導体層
500 RFIDタグ
501 アンテナ回路
502 信号処理回路
503 整流回路
504 電源回路
505 復調回路
506 発振回路
507 論理回路
508 メモリコントロール回路
509 メモリ回路
510 論理回路
511 アンプ
512 変調回路
801 測定系
811 トランジスタ
812 トランジスタ
813 容量素子
814 トランジスタ
815 トランジスタ
1500 RFIDタグ
Claims (8)
- 複数のメモリセルがマトリクス状に配設されたメモリセルアレイと、
制御信号に応じて、前記複数のメモリセルの中から動作を行うメモリセルを選択するデコーダと、
前記デコーダに対して前記制御信号を出力するか否かを選択する制御回路と、を有し、
前記複数のメモリセルのそれぞれは、酸化物半導体によってチャネル領域が形成される選択トランジスタをオフ状態とすることによってデータの保持が行われることを特徴とする半導体記憶装置。 - 前記複数のメモリセルのそれぞれにおいて、一方の電極が前記選択トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方に電気的に接続された容量素子が設けられ、
前記容量素子が保持する電荷の多寡を判別することによって前記データの読み出しが行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体記憶装置。 - 前記複数のメモリセルのそれぞれにおいて、ゲートが前記選択トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方に電気的に接続された読み出しトランジスタが設けられ、
前記読み出しトランジスタの導通状態を判別することによって前記データの読み出しが行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体記憶装置。 - 前記複数のメモリセルのそれぞれにおいて、一方の電極が前記選択トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方並びに前記読み出しトランジスタのゲートに電気的に接続され、他方の電極が読み出しワード線に電気的に接続された容量素子が設けられ、
前記読み出しトランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方が読み出しビット線に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの他方が一定電位を供給する配線に電気的に接続されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の半導体記憶装置。 - 前記複数のメモリセルのそれぞれにおいて、一方の電極が前記選択トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方並びに前記読み出しトランジスタのゲートに電気的に接続され、他方の電極が読み出しワード線に電気的に接続された容量素子が設けられ、
前記複数のメモリセルに含まれる列方向に配設されたn個のメモリセル(nは、3以上の自然数)のk番目に配設されたメモリセル(kは、2以上n未満の自然数)が有する読み出しトランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方が、(k−1)番目に配設されたメモリセルが有する読み出しトランジスタのソース及びドレインの他方に電気的に接続され、ソース及びドレインの他方が、(k+1)番目に配設されたメモリセルが有する読み出しトランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方に電気的に接続され、
前記列方向に配設されたn個のメモリセルの1番目に配設されたメモリセルが有する読み出しトランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方が、一定電位を供給する配線に電気的に接続され、
前記列方向に配設されたn個のメモリセルのn番目に配設されたメモリセルが有する読み出しトランジスタのソース及びドレインの他方が、読み出しビット線に電気的に接続されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の半導体記憶装置。 - 前記制御回路が、電源供給開始後の特定期間において前記制御信号を出力せず、且つ前記特定期間経過後に前記制御信号を出力することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体記憶装置。
- 前記制御回路が、リセット信号によってスイッチングが制御されるスイッチを有し、
前記制御信号が、前記スイッチを介して前記デコーダに供給され、
前記リセット信号が前記特定期間において接地電位を示すことで前記スイッチをオフ状態とすることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の半導体記憶装置。 - 前記制御信号が、第1の配線を介して前記制御回路に供給され、
前記制御信号の反転信号である反転制御信号が、第2の配線を介して前記制御回路に供給され、
前記制御回路が、前記第1の配線の電位及び前記第2の配線の電位が反転状態となった場合に、前記制御信号を出力することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の半導体記憶装置。
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KR20180115243A (ko) | 2018-10-22 |
JP2016189231A (ja) | 2016-11-04 |
EP2466587A3 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
JP6148373B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
KR101909752B1 (ko) | 2018-10-18 |
US20160336051A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
KR102061429B1 (ko) | 2019-12-31 |
KR20120068736A (ko) | 2012-06-27 |
EP2466587A2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
TWI569373B (zh) | 2017-02-01 |
US9424923B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 |
US20120155150A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
TW201246458A (en) | 2012-11-16 |
EP2466587B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
US9620186B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
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