JP2012076020A - Food waste treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a food waste processing system that performs appropriate processing on food waste and efficiently converts it into livestock feed and composting.
[Solution] After crushing food waste to separate recyclable raw materials and unneeded materials, they are transported from a fixed tank 46 that preheats while storing a certain amount of raw materials to a drying device 50 and dried to a predetermined moisture content. And dry. In a state where the dried product is heated and kept at a constant temperature, excess oil and fat are squeezed to a predetermined oil and fat content, coarsely pulverized, and cooled to prevent re-coagulation of the oil remaining in the dried product. The dried product is further crushed and sieved to produce livestock feed of a predetermined product size. After this, the ingredients of livestock feed are analyzed to create ingredient data. The animal feed after analysis is stored and prepared for product shipment together with component data. The odor generated from each device is sucked and the odor components are pyrolyzed and released into the atmosphere as odorless and harmless gas.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a food waste processing system that performs appropriate processing on packaged food waste or unpackaged food waste to produce livestock feed or compost.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a food waste treatment system that pulverizes, separates, and dries food waste from food factories and general households to produce feed and compost is known (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
For example, in Patent Document 1, food waste containing salt, oil, and water discarded from a food factory is crushed with a disposer, and this is solid-liquid separated by a solid-liquid separator and obtained by solid-liquid separation. It is described that the solid content is dried by a drier, and the dried solid content is recovered and reused.

 Patent Document 2 discloses a low-fat system in which a low-fat waste food is separated from a waste food that can be separated from waste food in a waste-food recycling plant that produces multiple types of feed from the discarded food. A production line for producing a low-fat dry feed by drying a part of the waste food with a dryer, a production line for producing a liquid fermented feed by lactic fermentation of the rest of the low-fat waste food, and disposal Among the foods, a part of high-fat waste foods separated from high-fat waste foods that can be separated is dried with a dryer to produce a high-fat dry feed, Of these, it is difficult to separate low-fat waste foods or high-fat waste foods, composting a part of the waste foods to produce compost, and biogas is produced by methane fermentation of the rest of the waste foods Waste food consisting of lines Recycling plants have been described.

JP 2004-49943 A JP 2008-284463 A

The known prior art has the following problems to be solved. That is,
In the conventional food waste treatment system, there is a risk that the oil contained in the food may become a lump after drying the food waste and hinder the subsequent processing, but this measure is not taken. Moreover, the components of the final recycled product are unknown, and it is necessary to check each time the recycled product is used.

  This invention solves such a subject, and provides the food waste processing system which performs the suitable process to food waste, and makes livestock feed and composting efficiently.

The following configurations are means for solving the above-described problems.
<Configuration 1>
A receiving hopper having an inlet for receiving food waste and an outlet for the food waste, and crushing separation for crushing the food waste transported from the receiving hopper to separate recyclable raw materials and unnecessary materials A storage tank for storing the raw material transported from the crushing and separating device, a quantitative tank for preheating while storing a certain amount of the raw material transported from the storage tank, and a stirring blade for rotating and scattering the raw material And a steam jacket that heats the side and bottom, and receives a certain amount of the raw material conveyed from the metering tank and dries it to a predetermined moisture content to dry it, and the food waste A dust collector that captures and accumulates dust contained in water vapor generated during drying, a hot water production device that produces hot water using steam discharged from the dust collector, and A condenser that condenses the steam discharged from the water production apparatus and drains the condensed water to the outside, a heating and warming apparatus that heats and keeps the dried material transported from the drying apparatus at a constant temperature, and transports from the heating and warming apparatus A degreasing device that receives the dried product and squeezes excess oil to a predetermined fat content, a cracking device that coarsely pulverizes the dried product degreased and solidified by the degreasing device, and the cracking A cooling device for cooling the dried product conveyed from the apparatus to prevent re-coagulation of the oil remaining in the dried product, a pulverizing device for further pulverizing the dried product conveyed from the cooling device, and the pulverization Screening the dry matter transported from the device to generate livestock feed of a predetermined product size, and analyzing the components of the livestock feed that has passed through the screen device to create component data Analyzing device, product storage tank for storing livestock feed after analysis and preparing for product shipment together with the component data, gas deodorized and detoxified by aspirating odor generated from each device and pyrolyzing odor components A food waste treatment system comprising: a deodorizing device that discharges to the atmosphere.

<Configuration 2>
A receiving hopper having an inlet for receiving food waste and an outlet for the food waste, and crushing separation for crushing the food waste transported from the receiving hopper to separate recyclable raw materials and unnecessary materials A storage tank for storing the raw material transported from the crushing and separating device, a quantitative tank for preheating while storing a certain amount of the raw material transported from the storage tank, and a stirring blade for rotating and scattering the raw material And a steam jacket for heating the side and bottom, a drying device for receiving a certain amount of the raw material conveyed from the metering tank and drying and pulverizing it to a predetermined moisture content to produce a compost raw material, and the food A dust collector that captures and accumulates dust contained in water vapor generated during drying of waste, and hot water manufacturing that produces hot water using the steam discharged from the dust collector A condenser for condensing steam discharged from the hot water production apparatus and draining condensed water to the outside, an analysis apparatus for analyzing the components of the compost raw material conveyed from the drying apparatus, and creating component data; A food waste treatment comprising: a product storage tank for storing compost raw materials after analysis and preparing for product shipment together with the component data; and a deodorizing device for sucking and deodorizing odors generated from the devices. system.

<Configuration 3>
The food waste processing system according to Configuration 1 or 2, wherein an automatic opening / closing lid that opens only when receiving the food waste is provided at an inlet of the receiving hopper.

<Configuration 4>
In the food waste processing system according to any one of the first to third aspects, a box-shaped transport conveyor that surrounds and seals the flow path of the food waste between the receiving hopper and the crushing and separating device is provided. A food waste treatment system characterized by being provided.

<Configuration 5>
The food waste treatment system according to any one of configurations 1 to 4, wherein a stirring device is provided in the storage tank to suppress precipitation during storage of the raw material. system.

<Configuration 6>
In the food waste treatment system according to any one of Configurations 1 to 5, a deodorization assist mechanism that assists deodorization by dissolving a water-soluble substance in the odor component of the raw material in condensed water is connected to the condenser. Food waste treatment system characterized by

<Configuration 7>
The food waste processing system according to any one of configurations 1 to 6, wherein the dust collecting device automatically cleans a mesh filter that captures dust contained in water vapor generated during drying of the food waste, and the mesh filter. A food waste treatment system comprising a cleaning device that performs cleaning.

<Configuration 8>
The food waste processing system according to any one of configurations 1 to 7, wherein the analysis device softens a variety of component data to obtain a product component configuration instantaneously. Processing system.

<Effect of Configuration 1>
Since the water content, fat content, product size, etc. are stabilized, the components of the livestock feed that is the product are clear, so that it is easy to handle as a product. The degreasing device can degrease the fat content suitable for livestock feed to about 10%. By the splitting device, it is possible to prevent the transport failure due to the surface fixation when the dried product is degreased and the unbalanced cooling when cooling. In addition, sufficient consideration is given to energy saving and odor problems through the effective use of waste heat.
<Effect of Configuration 2>
It is easy to handle as a product because the moisture content is stabilized and the compost raw material component is clear. In addition, sufficient consideration is given to energy saving and odor problems through the effective use of waste heat.
<Effect of Configuration 3>
The automatic opening / closing lid prevents the diffusion of odors generated from food waste before drying and the surrounding contamination.
<Effect of Configuration 4>
Since the space between the receiving hopper and the crushing / separating device is sealed, the diffusion of odor generated from the food waste before drying and the surrounding contamination are prevented.
<Effect of Configuration 5>
Since the precipitation at the time of storage of the raw material is suppressed, a certain amount of raw material can be smoothly carried out to the quantitative tank.
<Effect of Configuration 6>
Deodorization can be performed efficiently.
<Effect of Configuration 7>
Good dust collection effect.
<Effect of Configuration 8>
Product component data can be provided for shipped products.

It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a processing operation of the food waste processing system of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of the overall configuration of Example 1. It is explanatory drawing which shows a receiving hopper and the crushing separation apparatus among the structures of the Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure from a storage tank to a fixed quantity tank among the structures of the Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure from a fixed_quantity | quantitative_assay tank to a splitting apparatus among the structures of the Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure from the splitting apparatus to a product storage tank among the structures of the Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the food waste processing system of Example 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the food waste processing system of Example 3. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the work flow of the food waste treatment system of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of the overall configuration of Example 1, and FIGS. 3 to 6 are the configurations shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which decomposes | disassembles and shows a little enlarged.

Example 1 is a food waste treatment system suitable primarily for producing livestock feed.
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the collected food waste is directly received from the collection vehicle 12 into the receiving hopper 16 in order to perform the food waste treatment. The receiving hopper 16 has an inlet 18 for receiving food waste and a food waste outlet 20. The inlet 18 is provided with an automatic opening / closing lid 22 that opens only when food waste is received and closes the inlet at other times to prevent odor diffusion and prevent contamination of the surroundings.

  The food waste discharged from the outlet 20 is transported to the crushing and separating device 40 by the transport conveyor 24. As the transport conveyor 24, a transport conveyor such as a box-type scraper conveyor is used between the receiving hopper 16 and the crushing / separating device 40 so as to surround and seal the flow path of the food waste therebetween. Since the flow path between the receiving hopper and the crushing / separating device is sealed, the diffusion of odor generated from the food waste before drying and the surrounding contamination are prevented.

  The food waste is separated into a recyclable raw material (hereinafter simply referred to as a raw material) by a crushing and separating device 40 by wind force and centrifugal force and a packaging material or other unnecessary foreign matter. Unnecessary items are transported to the backpack 28 by the foreign material transport conveyor 26 and disposed of separately. The raw material is transferred to the storage tank 42 by the transfer pump 30. For example, a screw pump is used as the transport pump 30 and has a structure that matches the viscosity of the raw material.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, a stirrer 43 is provided inside the storage tank 42 to suppress precipitation during storage of the raw material. Since the precipitation at the time of storage of raw materials is suppressed by the stirring device 43, a certain amount of raw materials can be smoothly carried out to the quantitative tank 46 in the next step.

  The raw material is carried out from the storage tank 42 to the metering tank 46 by the transfer pump 44. The fixed quantity tank 46 preheats the raw material conveyed from the storage tank 42 while storing a certain amount. A hot water tank 48 is connected to the metering tank 46. The hot water generated from the metering tank 46 is sent via a hot water tank 48 to a hot water production apparatus 64 described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the raw material preheated in the metering tank 46 is conveyed to the drying device 50 by a certain amount. The drying device 50 has a stirring blade 52 for rotating and scattering the raw material inside the main body, and has a steam jacket 54 for heating the inner wall of the main body on the side and bottom of the main body.

  The drying device 50 dries a certain amount of raw material conveyed from the metering tank 46 by utilizing the contact with the inner wall of the main body and the atmospheric temperature in the main body. The raw material having a moisture content of 70 to 90% is dried until it becomes about 10% in about 1 hour to obtain a dry product. By preheating the raw material in the fixed amount tank 46, the drying in the drying device 50 can be performed efficiently.

  A steam unit 70 is connected to the drying device 50. The steam unit 70 is a general term for well-known valve-equipped pipes that moderately reduce the steam pressure of the drying device 50 or remove drainage.

  The drying device 50 includes a dust collecting device 60 that captures and collects dust contained in water vapor generated during drying of food waste, and a hot water production device that produces hot water using steam discharged from the dust collecting device 60. 64 and the condenser 66 which condenses the vapor | steam discharged | emitted from the warm water manufacturing apparatus 64, and drains condensed water outside are connected.

  The dust collecting device 60 includes a mesh filter that captures dust contained in the generated steam and a cleaning device that automatically cleans the mesh filter, and prevents the connection pipe from clogging and exhibits a good dust collecting effect. The generated drain is drained.

  The hot water production device 64 uses the waste heat of the drying device 50 to heat the hot water sent from the hot water tank 48 to produce higher warm water and send it to the metering tank 46.

  The condenser 66 is provided with a well-known deodorization assisting mechanism for assisting deodorization by dissolving a water-soluble substance in the odor component of the raw material in condensed water.

  The dried product subjected to the predetermined drying is discharged from the drying device 50 to the receiving portion of the transport conveyor 34 by the discharge device 56 and is transported to the heating and heat retaining device 64. As the discharge device 56, a discharge screw having a structure that rotates backward during drying to prevent heat from flowing out of the drying device is used. The transport conveyor 34 is a flight conveyor that surrounds and seals the flow path of the dried material.

  The heat insulation device 64 heats and keeps the dried product conveyed from the drying device 50 at a constant temperature. For example, the heating and heat retaining device 64 maintains a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius or more with an effective volume of 2 cubic meters, and facilitates a degreasing process in the next step.

  A steam unit 72 is connected to the heating and heat retaining device 64. The steam unit 72 is a general term for well-known valve-equipped pipes that moderately reduce the steam pressure of the heat-retaining device 64 or drain the drain.

  The dried product is transported from the heating and heat retaining device 68 to the degreasing device 74 by the transport conveyor 35, and excess oil and fat content is reduced to a predetermined oil and fat content. The degreasing device 74 degreases the fat content suitable for livestock feed to about 10%. When squeezing the oil, the pressure is increased to about 120 degrees Celsius, which is a sterilization process. The dried product that has been degreased and solidified by the degreasing device 74 is conveyed to the splitting device 78 where it is roughly pulverized and conveyed to the cooling device 80 by the conveying conveyor 36.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6, the cooling device 80 is configured to prevent re-solidification because the dried product conveyed from the splitting device 78 is degreased and oil remains after rough pulverization. Cool the dried product. The cooling device 80 has an effective volume of about 2 cubic meters, for example. The dried product conveyed from the cooling device 80 is conveyed to the pulverizing device 82 and pulverized, and then conveyed to the sieving device 84. The dried product is screened by the sieving device 84 to produce livestock feed having a predetermined product size.

  The generated livestock feed is transported to the product storage tank 88 by the transport conveyor 38 and is prepared for product shipment. As the conveyors 36 and 38, like the conveyor 34, a flight conveyor that surrounds and seals the flow path of the dried material is used. In the product storage tank 88, the odor of the stored material is sucked and guided to the deodorizing device 90.

  The components of the generated livestock feed are analyzed by the analyzer 86 immediately before being conveyed to the product storage tank 88. The product storage tank 88 has an effective volume of about 10 cubic meters, for example. The analyzer 86 analyzes the ingredients of livestock feed and creates ingredient data. The analysis device 86 is a software that converts various types of component data and instantaneously obtains the composition of product components. The animal feed after analysis is prepared for product shipment together with component data. Product component data can be provided for shipped products.

  As shown in FIG. 2, there is provided a deodorizing device 90 that sucks the odor generated from each device and releases the odor component to the atmosphere as a deodorized and harmless gas. As the deodorizing device 90, for example, an odor component is thermally decomposed by heat of a propane burner and a heat storage catalyst, and is released into the atmosphere as an odorless and harmless gas. Also, the oil cooler 58 shown in FIG. 2 is provided to protect the speed reducer by preventing overheating of the speed reducer of the motor.

  According to the said Example, since the component of the livestock feed used as a product is clear while stabilizing a water content, fat content, a product size, etc., it is easy to handle as a product. The degreasing device 74 can degrease the fat content suitable for livestock feed to about 10%. By means of the splitting device 78, it is possible to prevent the transport failure due to the surface fixation when the dried product is degreased and the unbalanced cooling during the cooling. In addition, sufficient consideration is given to energy saving and odor problems through the effective use of waste heat.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the food waste treatment system of the second embodiment. In FIG. 7, the same parts as those in FIG.

  Example 2 is a food waste treatment system suitable for producing compost raw materials. The compost raw material is mixed with the auxiliary material, and the compost is processed through the fermentation process. In this embodiment, the processing by the heating and heat retaining device 68, the degreasing device 74, the splitting device 78, and the cooling device 80 in the first embodiment is omitted, and the other devices are the same.

  That is, the dried material that has been subjected to predetermined drying in the drying device 50 becomes compost raw material at this stage, and is discharged from the drying device 50 to the receiving portion of the transport conveyor 36 by the discharge device 56 and is transported to the product storage tank 88. . The components of the generated compost raw material are analyzed by the analyzer 86 immediately before being conveyed to the product storage tank 88. The analysis of the components of the compost raw material and the generation of the component data are the same as in the case of the livestock feed described above. In addition, although a compost raw material mixes with a subsidiary material and steps a fermentation process and becomes a compost, it can be set as the product as a compost raw material.

  According to Example 2, a compost raw material can be manufactured using each apparatus of Example 1. It is easy to handle as a product because the moisture content is stabilized and the compost raw material component is clear. In addition, sufficient consideration is given to energy saving and odor problems through the effective use of waste heat.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the food waste treatment system of the third embodiment. In FIG. 8, the same parts as those in FIG.

In this embodiment, the storage tank 42, the metering tank 46, the drying device 50, the discharge device 56, the dust collecting device 60, the hot water production device 64, and the condenser 66 in the first or second embodiment are respectively installed. is there. This is suitable for processing large amounts of food waste.
The present invention is not limited to the above two sets, but includes three or more combinations.

  In the present invention, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-199027 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-25754) and Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-154193 (refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-25754) relating to the invention of the applicant of the present application are used as the crushing and sorting apparatus 40 of each of the above embodiments. You may use suitably the "crushing and fractionating apparatus" of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2008-302343, respectively. In addition, as the drying apparatus 50, Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-281940 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-85160) and Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-159310 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-337631) according to the invention of the present applicant. Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-192519 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-17315), Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-149208 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-329446), Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-203987 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-41783). ) May be used as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Collection vehicle 14 Food waste 16 Reception hopper 18 Inlet 20 Outlet 22 Automatic opening / closing lid 24 Conveyor 26 Foreign material conveyer 28 Buckan 30 Conveyor pump 34 Conveyor 35 Conveyor 36 Conveyor 38 Conveyor 40 Crushing and separating apparatus 42 Storage tank 43 Stirring device 44 Transfer pump 46 Metering tank 48 Hot water tank 50 Drying device 52 Stirring blade 54 Steam jacket 56 Discharge device 58 Oil cooler 60 Dust collector 64 Hot water production device 66 Condenser 68 Heat insulation device 70 Steam unit 72 Steam unit 74 Degreasing device 76 crude oil tank 78 splitting device 80 cooling device 82 pulverizing device 84 sieving device 86 analysis device 88 product storage tank 90 deodorizing device

Claims (8)

A receiving hopper having an inlet for receiving food waste and an outlet for said food waste;
A crushing and separating device for crushing the food waste conveyed from the receiving hopper and separating the recyclable raw material and unnecessary materials;
A storage tank for storing the raw material conveyed from the crushing and separating device;
A quantitative tank for preheating while storing a certain amount of the raw material conveyed from the storage tank;
A drying blade having a stirring blade for rotating and scattering the raw material and a steam jacket for heating the side and bottom, receiving a certain amount of the raw material conveyed from the metering tank, and drying it to a predetermined moisture content to obtain a dried product Equipment,
A dust collector for capturing and collecting dust contained in water vapor generated during drying of the food waste;
A hot water production apparatus for producing hot water using steam discharged from the dust collector;
A condenser that condenses the steam discharged from the hot water production apparatus and drains the condensed water to the outside;
A heating and warming device that heats and warms the dried product conveyed from the drying device to a constant temperature;
A degreasing device that accepts the dried product conveyed from the heating and heat-retaining device and squeezes excess oil and fat to a predetermined oil and fat content;
A cracking device for roughly pulverizing the dried product degreased and solidified by the degreasing device;
A cooling device that cools the dried product conveyed from the splitting device and prevents re-solidification of the oil remaining in the dried product;
A pulverizer for further pulverizing the dried product conveyed from the cooling device;
A sieving device for producing livestock feed of a predetermined product size by sieving the dry matter conveyed from the pulverizing device;
An analyzer for analyzing ingredients of the livestock feed that has passed through the sieve device and creating component data;
A product storage tank for storing livestock feed after analysis and preparing for product shipment together with the component data;
A deodorizing device that sucks out the odor generated from each device and releases the odor component into the atmosphere as a deodorized and detoxified gas,
A food waste treatment system characterized by comprising: A receiving hopper having an inlet for receiving food waste and an outlet for said food waste;
A crushing and separating device for crushing the food waste conveyed from the receiving hopper and separating the recyclable raw material and unnecessary materials;
A storage tank for storing the raw material conveyed from the crushing and separating device;
A quantitative tank for preheating while storing a certain amount of the raw material conveyed from the storage tank;
It has a stirring blade for rotating and scattering the raw material and a steam jacket for heating the side and bottom, receives a certain amount of the raw material conveyed from the metering tank, and dry and pulverizes the raw material to a predetermined moisture content. A drying device to produce,
A dust collector for capturing and collecting dust contained in water vapor generated during drying of the food waste;
A hot water production apparatus for producing hot water using steam discharged from the dust collector;
A condenser that condenses the steam discharged from the hot water production apparatus and drains the condensed water to the outside;
An analysis device for analyzing the components of the compost raw material conveyed from the drying device and creating component data;
A product storage tank for storing compost raw materials after analysis and preparing for product shipment together with the component data;
A deodorizing device that sucks and deodorizes the odor generated from each device;
A food waste treatment system characterized by comprising: In the food waste disposal system according to claim 1 or 2,
A food waste processing system, wherein an automatic opening / closing lid that opens only when receiving the food waste is provided at an inlet of the receiving hopper. In the food waste processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A food waste treatment system, wherein a box-shaped transport conveyor is provided between the receiving hopper and the crushing / separating device so as to surround and seal the flow path of the food waste between them. In the food waste processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A food waste treatment system, wherein a stirring device is provided inside the storage tank for suppressing precipitation during storage of the raw material. In the food waste processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A food waste treatment system, wherein a deodorization assisting mechanism for assisting deodorization by dissolving a water-soluble substance in the odor component of the raw material in condensed water is connected to the condenser. In the food waste processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The dust collector is provided with a mesh filter that captures dust contained in water vapor generated during drying of the food waste, and a cleaning device that automatically cleans the mesh filter. Material processing system. In the food waste processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A food waste treatment system characterized in that the analysis device softwareizes various component data and instantaneously obtains the composition of product components.

Images