JP2012070695A - Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvester for harvesting crops cultured on a ridge covered with a mulch sheet while preventing winding of the mulch sheet to a side of a soil knock-off wheel.SOLUTION: The harvester 1 includes a soil knock-off part 11 to knock off soil on a root of the crop with the soil knock-off wheel 36 under the middle part of a transfer conveyor 7 to transfer the crop backward while clamping the leaf and stem of the crop and pulling off the crop, and a sheet pressing part 9 to prevent winding of the mulch sheet S to the side of the transfer conveyor 7 by pressing the mulch sheet S with a roller 46. The winding of the mulch sheet S to the side of the soil knock-off wheel 36 is prevented by contacting the roller 46 with the soil knock-off wheel 36 to restrict the lifting motion and rotating the roller 46 downward reverse to the rotation of the soil knock-off wheel 36 when the roller 46 of the sheet pressing part 9 is lifted from a sheet rolling posture to a winding prevention posture.

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvesting device for harvesting rhizome crops such as garlic from straw covered with a multi-sheet.

Conventionally, harvesting devices that harvest and harvest underground stalk crops such as garlic that are cultivated in a state where the straw is covered with a multi-sheet, with the leaf stalk portion sandwiched by the conveyor, adhere to the roots while the crop is being transported backward It is already known that the soil is shaken off by a ring ring (for example, Patent Document 1).
The harvesting device has a conveyor frame that is mounted on the rear part of an agricultural tractor and is inclined obliquely in front and rear, and has a leaf stem part that is pulled out and conveyed backward, and a middle part of the conveyor Freely swinging the soiled part that is disposed in the direction and shakes off the soil adhering to the root part by the earthing ring that rotates upward in the conveying direction, and the multi-sheet that is lifted off by pulling out the crop under the earthed part The sheet pressing portion is configured to include a sheet pressing portion that prevents winding around the conveyance conveyor side by pressing with a roller.

JP 2008-48642 A

For example, when harvesting garlic, the harvesting device shown in the above-mentioned patent document 1 is pulled out by sandwiching its leaf stem portion with a belt of a conveyor, and when transported upward in the rear direction, the bulb portion of the garlic is a multi-sheet. The multi-sheet that is lifted up without being pulled out of the hole can be prevented from being wound around the transport conveyor by the roller.
However, when the roller is moved up to the conveyor side by the multi-sheet lifted by the bulb, the roller stops rotating downward and slips between the multi-sheet and the multi-sheet is moved and the bulb moves backward. There is a drawback that the sheet is greatly peeled off from the ridge.
Furthermore, for example, when the earth crushing portion is arranged on the front side of the conveyor and it is desired to carry out earth crushing from the beginning of conveyance, the earth ring is close to the roller, so that the raised multi-sheet is caught on the bulb part. Since it is easy to reach a falling wheel, there is a problem that a new trouble such as a falling wheel involving a multi-sheet is newly generated.

  In order to solve the problem, the present invention firstly installs the crop cultivated on the cocoon U covered with the multi-sheet S so as to be inclined to the apparatus frame 2 in a front-rear and a rear-high state, A conveying conveyor unit 7 that conveys backward while pinching and pulling out, and a earthing unit 11 that is disposed below the middle part of the conveying conveyor unit 7 and shakes up the soil adhering to the root by an earth ring 36 that rotates upwardly, In the harvesting device 1 provided with a sheet presser 9 that presses the multi-sheet S that is peeled off and lifted by pulling out the crop under the soil part 11 with a roller 46 and prevents it from being wound around the transport conveyor unit 7 side, Winding in which the roller 46 of the sheet presser 9 moves upward from the sheet rolling posture where the roller 46 rolls along the multi-sheet S on the basket U via the multi-sheet S lifted by the pulled-out crop. When the roller 46 is brought into the prevention posture, the roller 46 is brought into contact with the earth ring 36 to restrict the upward movement, and the roller 46 is rotated downward in the opposite direction to the earth ring 36 to thereby make the earth ring 36 of the multi-sheet S. It is characterized by being configured to prevent wrapping to the side.

  Secondly, the roller 46 is forced to rotate downward by bringing the roller 46 into contact with a plurality of protrusions 36b that protrude from the earth ring 36 in the above-described entanglement prevention posture.

  According to the invention of claim 1, when crops such as garlic cultivated in straw covered with multi-sheets are picked up by holding the leaf stems at the transport conveyor unit and transported backwards, the soil attached to the roots is dropped. In addition, when the roller rolls along the multi-seat, the roller is brought into a roll-up preventing posture that moves up by the multi-sheet lifted by the crop, so that the roller contacts the earth ring and the upward movement is restricted. The earth ring can be brought close to the roller while providing a sufficient range of upward movement of the roller, and earth can be removed from the beginning of conveyance. At this time, the roller is forced to rotate downward in the direction opposite to that of the ring ring, so that the multi-sheet is forcibly removed from the root of the crop to be transported, so that the multi-sheet is reliably prevented from being wrapped around the ring ring. Can do.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the multi-sheet moves up the roller up to the upper limit by bringing the roller into contact with the protrusion protruding from the earth ring in the preventive posture, the earth ring forces the roller downward. Since it is rotated, the multi-sheet can be forcibly removed from the root, and the reverse rotation transmission structure of the roller can be simplified.

It is a side view of the harvesting apparatus which implemented this invention. It is a top view of the harvesting apparatus which implemented this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a roller and a ring ring.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a harvesting apparatus embodying the present invention. This harvesting device 1 has a mast frame 3 formed at the front portion of the device frame 2 detachably attached to a three-point link provided at the rear portion of a tractor (not shown) via a mechanism hitch portion, and power is supplied from the tractor PTO shaft. The signal is input to the input shaft 4 and transmitted to the mission 5 through the universal joint.

In the harvesting device 1, a root cutting part 6 for cutting the roots of rhizome crops such as garlic is disposed on the front side of the frame body 2 a of the device frame 2, and the harvested crop strip is disposed above the root cutting part 6. Accordingly, a transport conveyor unit 7 for pulling out the crop and transporting the crop upward rearward is provided, and a storage unit 8 for receiving and storing the crop is disposed below the terminal end of the transport conveyor unit 7.
Further, below the middle of the conveyor section 7, the sheet presser 9 that presses the multi-sheet S that is peeled off by the pulled-out crop and the root of the crop that is being transported is touched to remove the soil. The earthing part 11 is arranged in the front-rear direction.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of each part of the harvesting apparatus 1 will be described. First, the root cutting portion 6 is connected to the left and right sides of the apparatus frame 2 with a root cutting arm 13 supported so as to be swingable in the front-rear direction with the support shaft 12 as a fulcrum, and the lower ends of the left and right root cutting arms 13 in the lateral direction. And the root cutting blade 14 to be made. The root cutting section 6 is driven to swing from the mission 5 via a crank mechanism or the like, and the root cutting blade 14 that moves back and forth in the ground cuts the root of the crop and loosens the soil to lift the crop. Make it easier to extract.

  The conveyor 7 is composed of a front conveyor 7a and a rear conveyor 7b. The front conveyor belt 16 and the rear conveyor belt 16a are paired on the left and right to oppose the conveyor surface. Conveying paths 18 and 18a for conveying the back part with the stem portion interposed therebetween are formed in series, and the conveying paths 18 and 18a for four strips are formed within the harvesting width of the harvesting apparatus 1.

  That is, the front conveyor portion 7a supports an outer transport frame 19 positioned on the left and right outer sides of the harvest width below the frame body 2a and three inner transport frames 19a along the transport direction. 19, one conveyor belt 16 is stretched through front and rear driven pulleys and drive pulleys, and two adjacent conveyor belts 16 are stretched through the front and rear driven pulleys and drive pulleys on the inner transport frame 19a. Has been established. Further, a disc-shaped cutter 20 for cutting the middle part of the stalk of the crop is fixed to the pulley shaft of each of the drive pulleys at the end of conveyance.

The rear conveyor unit 7b is configured such that the rear conveyor belt 16a is passed through front and rear drive pulleys and driven pulleys on a rear conveyor frame 19c supported subsequent to the upper end of each outer conveyor frame 19 and inner conveyor frame 19a. Are stretched.
The front conveyor unit 7a and the rear conveyor unit 7b configured as described above are arranged by connecting the drive pulleys of the front conveyor belt 16 and the rear conveyor belt 16a to the transmission 5 at the rear part of the apparatus frame 2, respectively. The transmission unit 22 is driven to rotate.

The outer transport frame 19 and the inner transport frame 19a are each provided with a divider 23 that scrapes the stalks of the crops at the tip, and a lower body of the divider 23 is bent downward and grounded toward the rear. 24 is fixed.
In addition, the rear transport frame 19c is provided with a guide 27 that protrudes rearward from the leaf stem shouter 26 disposed below the rear portion, and guides the leaf stem portion from which the bulb portion has been cut off by the cutter 20. Yes.

The leaf stem shouter 26 is attached to the rear portion of the inner conveyance frame 19a via a bracket 27, and can slide down while guiding the leaf stem portion to the left and right outer sides of the storage portion 8.
Further, below the cutter 20, a bulb shouter 28 is attached to a lower frame 29 extending downward from the left and right of the frame body 2a. The bulb shouter 28 can receive the bulb portion cut off by the cutter 20, and can smoothly flow down into the storage portion 8 for storage.

In the storage unit 8, the container 31 for storage is arranged with the opening facing the lower part of the bulb shouter 28. The container 31 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and is detachably attached to a support arm 32 extending rearward from the lower frame 29 side.
A frame 33 is attached to the lower portions of the left and right lower frames 29 so as to be in parallel with the farm scene. Thereby, the rod body 33 is grounded to the left and right intercostal groove portions across the rod U where the crop is cultivated, and stabilizes the crop extraction position while sliding while supporting the weight of the device.

  The earth part 11 is provided with a earth case 38 that supports a earth shaft 37 having a earth ring 36 back and forth in the middle of the conveyor section 7 and in front of the bulb shuta 28. The earthen case 38 is pivotally supported via a transmission shaft 41 from a transmission case 39 connected to the transmission 5 side, and is attached to the lower frame 29 via an attachment piece 41a projecting from the rear of the case. Adjustable installation. As a result, the earthen case 38 rotates the front and rear earthen rings 36 in the crop conveyance direction and adjusts the distance from the front conveyor unit 7a. The other ends of the front and rear earthing shafts 37 are pivotally supported by arms that are attached to the lower frame 29 on the other side so as to be adjustable in the vertical direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the earth ring 36 has a large number of protrusions 36 b made of a rubber-like elastic material projecting radially on the boss part 36 a, and is in contact with the root part that is nipped and conveyed in a hanging posture for each conveyance path 18. Then, the soil attached to the root is removed by rotating or jumping up the bulb, etc., and moved in the rotational direction while shaking the soil downward from the gaps between the ring rings 36 and the protrusions. Can do. In the illustrated example, the earthen part 11 is provided with two stages of earthen rings 36 on the front and rear sides.

Next, the sheet pressing portion 9 will be described with reference to FIGS. The sheet presser 9 has a hollow cylindrical roller 46 having a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the earth ring 36, and a roller shaft 46 a that protrudes from both ends of the roller 46 so as to protrude from the left and right lower frames 29. The shaft 47a is rotatably supported at the front end of an arm 47 that is pivotally supported by the shaft 47a.
As a result, the roller 46 is supported in a horizontal direction so as to cross the trough U perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the roller 46 is positioned almost directly below the foreground ring 36 of the foreground portion 11 so as to be movable up and down. Supported.

  As a result, the roller 46 rolls along the multi-sheet S covering the ridge U as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 1 (normal posture), when the roller 46 is lifted by the multi-sheet S peeled upward, As indicated by the solid line, the roller 46 contacts the earth ring 36 to restrict further upward movement, and is forced to rotate in the direction opposite to the rotation of the earth ring 36 by the rotational contact with the earth ring 36. The attitude of the multi-sheet S can be freely changed from the attitude of preventing the multi-sheet S from being caught.

Further, the lower frame 29 is provided with a stopper 49 protruding forward so that when the arm 47 comes into contact with the stopper 49 in the vertical movement range, the lower limit position of the sheet rolling posture is restricted. Is done.
Further, by changing the protruding position of the support shaft 47 with respect to the lower frame 29 and the installation position of the stopper 49, the installation position of the roller 46 with respect to the earth ring 36 can be easily adapted to the type of the multi-sheet S and the situation of the ridge U. Can be selected.

Next, the operation | work which harvests garlic with the harvesting apparatus 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. First, the harvesting device 1 causes the left and right rod bodies 33 to contact the ridge groove of the ridge U and advances the roller 46 along the pressed state where the multi-sheet S is placed and the ridge U.
At this time, the root cutting blade 14 that moves back and forth in the ground of the ridge U cuts the root at the lower part of the bulb part and loosens the soil so that the crop is lifted, thereby facilitating the extraction of garlic. .

Next, the front conveyor unit 7a of the conveyor unit 7 sandwiches the leaf stem portion by the paired front conveyor belt 16 and lifts and conveys it rearward and upward via the conveyance path 18, and the earth ring 36 in the earth part 11 is conveyed. After the soil is removed by cutting, the lower part of the leaf stem part is cut by the cutter 20 at the end part of the front conveyor part 7a to drop the bulb part.
As a result, the leaf stem portion is relayed to the conveyance path 18a of the rear conveyor portion 7b, dropped from the end of the conveyance path 18a to the leaf stem shuter 26 via the guide 27, and discharged outside the apparatus.
The bulb portion is received and guided by the bulb shouter 28 and is smoothly accommodated in the container 31 of the accommodating portion 8.

In such a harvesting operation, at the initial stage of conveyance by the front conveyor unit 7a, when the bulb part does not smoothly come out from the hole of the multi-sheet S, the bulb part largely peels off the multi-sheet S and lifts upwards with conveyance. At the same time, the roller 46 is moved up via the arm 47 through the multi-sheet S and the support shaft 47a as a fulcrum.
At this time, as shown by the solid line in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the roller 46 reaches the upper limit of the vertical movement range in which the upward movement is restricted by coming into contact with the earth ring 36, the projection 36b of the earth ring 36 rotating upward is provided. Is forced to rotate downward in the opposite direction to the rotation of the earth ring 36.

  Therefore, even if the multi-sheet S lifted by the transported bulb portion is moved in the transport direction beyond the roller 46, the downwardly-rotating roller 46 acts to forcibly pull back the multi-sheet S downward. The bulb part can be reliably detached from the sheet hole. As a result, the lifted multi-sheet S quickly returns to the original covering state, thereby preventing the sheet from being caught by the earth ring 36 and preventing problems such as greatly peeling off the multi-sheet S from the ridge U. Can do.

  Further, the earth ring 36 for preventing the winding of the multi-sheet S can be disposed close to the roller 46 and the earth part 11 can be arranged in front of the conveyor part 7, so that the earth is dropped at the initial stage of conveyance by the conveyance path 18. And the distance between the front and rear of the roller 46 and the earthing part 11 can be shortened to reduce the size of the apparatus.

Further, since the roller 46 is brought into contact with the protrusion 36b protruding from the earth ring 36 in the entanglement preventing posture, when the multi-sheet S moves the roller 46 up to the upper limit, the roller 46 automatically rotates downward and forcibly. The reverse rotation transmission structure of the roller 46 can be made simple and inexpensive by using the power of the earthing portion 11, and the elastic projection 36b rotates the roller 46 smoothly with durability. There are features such as.
The roller 46 may be configured to be forcibly rotated downward by a transmission case or an electric motor that is separately installed if necessary.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Harvesting apparatus 2 Apparatus frame 7 Conveying conveyor part 9 Sheet pressing part 11 Landing part 36 Landing ring 36b Protrusion 46 Roller S Multi-sheet U 畝

Claims (2)

  The crop cultivated in the cocoon (U) covered with the multi-sheet (S) is installed in the device frame (2) with the front and rear inclined to the height, and is conveyed backward while pinching the leaf stem and pulling it out. A conveyor part (7), a soil part (11) disposed below the midway part of the conveyor part (7) and shaking off the soil adhering to the roots by an earth ring (36) rotating upward, A multi-sheet (S) that is peeled and lifted by pulling out crops below the soil part (11) is pressed by a roller (46) to prevent the sheet holding part (9) from being wound around the conveyor section (7). In the harvesting device (1), the roller (46) of the sheet pressing portion (9) is pulled out from the sheet rolling posture where the roller (46) rolls along the multi-sheet (S) on the basket (U). Crop lifted by different crops The roller (46) is brought into contact with the earth ring (36) to restrict the upward movement and the roller (46) is made to fall on the earth ring (36). The harvesting device is configured to prevent the multi-sheet (S) from being wound around the earth ring (36) side by rotating downward in the opposite direction.   2. The harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein the roller (46) is forcibly rotated downward by bringing the roller (46) into contact with a plurality of protrusions (36b) provided on the earth ring (36) in the preventive posture. .

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